200824219 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係在提供-種太陽能倍廢型串聯負載共振式蓄 電池充電ϋ，其主要係設有賴源、開關電路、串聯負载共 振式轉換器、倍壓電路及蓄電池所連接組成；如此，藉由開 關電路之電晶體做高頻切換，使串聯負載共振式轉換^的; 壓及電流呈正弦共振波形變化，當跨接在電晶體上的電壓^ 零時’加入觸發信號使電晶體導通，就可使電晶體在零電壓 與零電流的時候進行切換導通，以大幅減少跨接在電晶體上 的電壓及電流兩者的重疊面積，降低電晶體的切換損失，而 倍壓電路不僅可提高輸出糕、增加輸出電流、減少充電時 間，更不會消耗任何功率，進而提高充電效率。 【先前技術】 按，科技日新月異的今日，人類還是擺脫不了能源短缺 問題的包被，自「石油危機」爆發後，石油價格飄張，此時人 類方才驚覺以往過度依賴石化燃料，另一方面即為石化燃料 的蘊藏量可能於數百年間使用殆盡，甚至更短；然而燃燒石 化燃料所產生的大量汙染物，更破壞大氣層中的臭氧層，造 成溫室效應、下酸雨以及全球性暖化等異常的氣象變化，嚴 重的傷害了這顆美麗的星球；因此我們必須降低對石化燃料 的依賴度，找出替代能源，此替代能源必須具備取之不盡， 用之不竭與低環境汙染的特性，而再生能源正好符合此一特 ξ 200824219 性，所以世界各國正積極投入再生能源的研究，期許有朝— "I以卸下此源危機的包祇，然而常見的再生能源可分為下 述幾種’如太陽能、地熱、生質能、海水溫差、風力與潮沙 等等各種再生能源；因為太陽能具有零污染、無公害等特 所以本i明將彳㈣太陽能光伏電能板模組亦即太陽能板 發電’供給我們所需的直流電源，且以太陽能為中心的再生 能源利用技術是目前最具廣泛制領域及進展最快速的再 生能源；另光伏組發電纽已進人#遍_的階段，尤 其更廣泛的應用在偏遠與電力饋線所無法到達之地區。 當有了新的替代能源後，下一步便是找尋儲能的裝置 而蓄電池便是非常好的儲能元件，它本身擁有可重複使用 循環充放電的功能，比-般一次電池用完便丢棄更具經約 :，亚且可降低環境污染；且蓄電池使㈣層面小至和 同、手機、緊急照明設備、汽（機）車、油電混合車，大3 光伏絲板模組發電系統、A型不斷均為蓄電池啦 用的範圍之内；近年來，由於蓄電池製造技術進步，使得垄 電池的汰換與維修的次數日益減少，促使蓄電池穩定度抑 =?ί ’且鑛蓄電池價格較市面上輸和鎳氯咖 二且，使用命命也相對較長，因為蓄電池本身儲電容量 相虽大，因此鑛蓄電池為目前比較廣泛使用的二次電池。 而充電技術為蓄電池補充能量與維持其正常操作的重 大關鍵，為電池本身是—個電源裝置，接上直流負載 200824219 源 電 後，即可對其工作，而工作的原理就是釋放内部能量對負载 供電’此時若考劇電池能量供給的問題，若沒有適當的給 予補充’將造成蓄電池無法持續正f動作，故可知充電技從 的，要，充電技細f仰賴電源供應制實現，通常針 種蓄，池充電的電源供應_之為蓄電池充電器，若。 。的角度刀析’〜般可分成線性電源供應器與切換式 源供應器’而此兩種不同型式的電源供應器優缺點整理= \200824219 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention provides a solar energy waste-type series load resonance type battery charging device, which is mainly provided with a Lai source, a switching circuit, a series load resonant converter, and a multiple The voltage circuit and the battery are connected; thus, the high frequency switching of the transistor of the switching circuit enables the series load to be resonantly converted; the voltage and current are sinusoidal resonance waveform changes when the voltage across the transistor ^ Zero time 'add trigger signal to make the transistor turn on, it can make the transistor switch on and off at zero voltage and zero current, to greatly reduce the overlapping area of voltage and current across the transistor, reduce electricity The switching loss of the crystal, and the voltage doubler circuit can not only improve the output cake, increase the output current, reduce the charging time, but also consume no power, thereby improving the charging efficiency. [Previous technology] According to today's fast-changing technology, human beings can't get rid of the problem of energy shortage. Since the "oil crisis" broke out, oil prices have drifted. At this time, human beings are surprised that they have relied too much on fossil fuels. That is, the reserves of fossil fuels may be exhausted or even shorter in hundreds of years; however, the large amount of pollutants produced by burning fossil fuels destroys the ozone layer in the atmosphere, causing greenhouse effect, acid rain and global warming. Abnormal meteorological changes have seriously damaged this beautiful planet; therefore we must reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and find alternative energy sources that must be inexhaustible, inexhaustible and low in environmental pollution. Characteristics, and renewable energy just meets this special feature of 200824219, so countries around the world are actively investing in renewable energy research, and it is hoped that there will be a package to remove this source crisis, but common renewable energy can be divided into The following types of energy such as solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy, sea water temperature difference, wind and tidal sand, etc. Because solar energy has zero pollution, no pollution, etc., this is the fourth (4) solar photovoltaic power panel module, that is, solar panel power generation, to supply the DC power we need, and the solar energy-centered renewable energy utilization technology is currently The most extensive field and the fastest-growing renewable energy; another photovoltaic group power generation has entered the stage of #通_, especially in the areas where remote and power feeders cannot reach. When there is a new alternative energy source, the next step is to find the energy storage device and the battery is a very good energy storage component. It has the function of reusable cycle charge and discharge, which is lost when the battery is used up. Abandoning more than the date:, and can reduce environmental pollution; and the battery makes the (four) level as small as the same, mobile phones, emergency lighting equipment, steam (machine) vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, large 3 photovoltaic wire module power generation system The type A is constantly used within the range of batteries. In recent years, due to the advancement of battery manufacturing technology, the number of replacement and maintenance of ridge batteries has been decreasing, which has led to the stability of batteries and the price of mine batteries. The market is also exported and nickel-chlorine coffee, and its life span is relatively long. Because the storage capacity of the battery itself is relatively large, the mine battery is a secondary battery that is widely used at present. The charging technology is a key to replenish energy and maintain its normal operation. The battery itself is a power supply device. After the DC load 200824219 is connected to the source, it can work. The working principle is to release the internal energy to the load. Power supply 'At this time, if the battery power supply problem of the test drama, if not properly supplemented' will cause the battery to be unable to continue the positive f action, it can be known that the charging technology is from, the charging technology depends on the power supply system, usually the needle Kind of storage, pool charging power supply _ is the battery charger, if. . The angle of the knife analysis '~ can be divided into linear power supply and switching source supply' and the advantages and disadvantages of these two different types of power supply finishing = \
線性電源供應器 切換式電源供應器 優 點 缺 點 2·輸出電壓漣波較小。 3·電磁干擾的問題小。 4·電路的可靠度和穩定 性較佳。 1·功率損失高。 2·轉換效率差。 3.重量與體積較大 1·體積小、重量輕、價格低 廉。 2·功率損失低。 3·輸入電壓範圍寬廣 4·轉換效率高。 5·而功率密度。 1·電路結構與控制複雜。 2·輸出電壓漣波較大。 3·雜訊與電磁干擾嚴重。 4·電路穩定度易受溫度影響 以上^^8^5855555^ - — %源供應器，均可當蓄電池充電器， 7 200824219 其優缺點’若要使用魏線性電源供應雜為蓄電池 充電器時’通常必須將電晶體_操作在線性區，用以當做 ，屋電阻器’以調節不穩糾輸人輕，使輸出龍維持穩 疋在此麵式的充電n電路巾，電晶體必須承受隨負載而 改交電流，-旦輸入電麼發生變動或是負載突然的增加，則 被動元件所消耗的功率也將隨著變化而增加，因此，整個系 統總損失功率也隨之提高，連帶導致電路上很高的熱量產 生所以电路上之電晶體必須加裝散熱片，以防止其因過熱 而Μ又’再則因為整個系統損失的功率相對的提高以至於效 =會相對的下降，若以頻率的角度來看，傳統線性電源供應 為由於鱗在侧下，將會導致整個電賴積過大、高功率 損失及效率過低等的_，因此，若是能.作頻率提高， 便可解決上述的缺點；另_式電源供應ϋ就是將電晶體操 作在高頻率切換情況下，同樣的也可以達到我們所需要的輸 出，率，但是此種切換式電源供應if卻有-個致命的缺點， 就是當電晶體於高頻切換時，將會產生電磁干擾等問題，也 使電晶體的切換損失相對地增加，而損失是以產生熱量的形 气在元件上釋放’造成元件溫升效應，溫度若持續上升，散 '、’、問題若無,轉決時，將會造成元件的特性改變，使整個電 路的效率降低甚至有可能造成電晶體燒毀。 β而一般傳統的切換式充電器是利用降虔的方式，經由變 壓器或者是轉換器的設計，將電路的輸入電源降至約大於蓄 200824219 ^也電壓所需的額定電壓值，然後再對蓄電池充電 ，達到電 量補充的目的，但充電蹄作在軸時，地也擔心功率 電晶體的切換損失、效率及散熱等問題；所以，本發明將朝 如何兼具提π充電&電流與充魅、效率，以及降低電晶體開 關=換損失為目標，且在不傷及蓄電池極板並兼顧蓄電池使 7 况下’衣作出適用於〶頻環境操作的改良型切換式Linear Power Supply Switching Power Supply Advantages Defects 2. Output voltage ripple is small. 3. The problem of electromagnetic interference is small. 4. The reliability and stability of the circuit are better. 1. High power loss. 2. The conversion efficiency is poor. 3. Large weight and volume 1. Small size, light weight and low price. 2. Power loss is low. 3. Wide input voltage range 4. High conversion efficiency. 5.· Power density. 1. The circuit structure and control are complex. 2. The output voltage ripple is large. 3. Noise and electromagnetic interference are serious. 4·The stability of the circuit is susceptible to temperature. ^^8^5855555^ - % Source supply, can be used as battery charger, 7 200824219 Its advantages and disadvantages 'If you want to use Wei linear power supply miscellaneous battery charger' It is usually necessary to operate the transistor _ in the linear region, as a house resistor, to adjust the instability and correct the light, so that the output dragon maintains a stable charge in this surface, the transistor must withstand the load When the current is changed, if the input power changes or the load suddenly increases, the power consumed by the passive component will also increase with the change. Therefore, the total power loss of the entire system also increases, which leads to the circuit. Very high heat is generated, so the transistor on the circuit must be equipped with a heat sink to prevent it from being overheated and again. 'Because the power lost by the whole system is relatively increased, so the effect will decrease relatively. If it is frequency, From the point of view, the traditional linear power supply is due to the scale below the side, which will lead to excessive power, high power loss and low efficiency. Therefore, if it can improve the frequency, Can solve the above shortcomings; another _ type power supply ϋ is to operate the transistor in the high frequency switching situation, the same can also achieve the output we need, the rate, but this switching power supply if there is - The fatal shortcoming is that when the transistor is switched at high frequency, electromagnetic interference and other problems will occur, and the switching loss of the transistor will be relatively increased, and the loss will be released on the component by the heat generating gas. If the temperature continues to rise, the temperature, if there is no problem, if it is turned over, it will cause the characteristics of the component to change, which will reduce the efficiency of the whole circuit and may even cause the transistor to burn. β and the traditional switching charger is the use of the way of downswing, through the design of the transformer or converter, the input power of the circuit is reduced to about the rated voltage required to store the voltage of 200824219 ^, and then the battery Charging, to achieve the purpose of replenishing the power, but when the charging shoe is used as the shaft, the ground is also worried about the switching loss, efficiency and heat dissipation of the power transistor; therefore, the present invention will focus on how to both π charge & current and charm , efficiency, and reduction of the transistor switch = loss of the target, and without affecting the battery plate and taking into account the battery, the case is made of improved switching for the operation of the frequency environment
蓄電池充電ϋ ;本發日狀有鑑於此，缺糾上缺失，乃潛 心加以研究、設計，遂得以首先發明本發明。 【發明内容】 本么明之主要目的係在提供一種可降低電晶體的切換 損失、提高輸出、增加輸出電流及減少充電時間，而且 不會消耗任何轉，進而提高充電效較太陽驗壓型串聯 負載共振式蓄電池充電器。 本發明之主要特徵係在4鶴；_電路，係 电壓源，其設有電料聯電容再並聯電晶體串聯電晶體，* 晶體再並聯二極體及電容；串聯負載共振式轉換器，: 於開關電路’其設有電感串聯電容；倍Μ電路，係連接於 ^ Γ路與串聯負載共振式轉換器，其設有二極體串聯二極體 再亚聯電容串魏容；蓄電池，係連接於倍屋電路。 【實施方式】 有關本發明為達上述之使用目的及功效，所 手丰又，纸舉出較佳可行之實施例，並配合 $ 明如下·· ^不，誶加說 9 200824219 ,^先，本翻主要储合共振式充電電路㈣性切換的 技術，，性切換技術是指減少開_換^程中電壓與電流 =積重疊的大小’如第—騎示在簡導通前，先使開關兩 鈿的跨電壓降為零’再進行切換，即為所謂的零電壓切換； 反之’若是在_截止前，先使流、__f流降為零，即 為零電流切換，如第二圖所示，其〇相關的責任週期， Z為開關的切換週期。 ，發明之方_，如第三圖所示，其中太陽能光伏電能 板拉組隶主要的功能是將太陽所產生的光線轉換為電能，由 犬電能板模組的輸出會隨著光線的強弱、氣候溫 料各種因數的變化而產生改變’因此須加入一升壓式轉換 1以做敎神種贿供—敎電壓給健财聯負载 紛振式蓄電池充電器’可是當太陽光較弱時太陽能光伏電能 板拉組的触電顧之降低，為了使倍_串载共振式 電=穩定的輸入電壓’此時升壓式轉換器必須 細作在h的任務職，當操作在鶴任務週期，只要 週期些許_化就會造錄出賴鼓的變化，而升塵 換器的輸出電壓與輸入錢間的關係曲線圖，如第四圖所 不’由圖中可知升麗式轉換器極易進入不穩定操作區間；為 了解決此-現象，由本發明之電蘭可知，如第五圖所心 3=2係設有電壓源1，係利用太陽能光伏電能板模組 :太%所產生的光線轉換為電能；開關電路2，係連接於* 壓源卜其設有電容α串聯電容C2再並聯電晶體si串二 200824219 電曰曰體兑’電晶體S1再並聯二極體D1及電容CSl，而電晶 體S2再亚聯二極體敗及電容脱；串聯負載共振式轉換器 3+，係連接於開關電路2,其設有電感w 聯電容Cr ;倍壓 2 4 ’係連接於_電路2與串聯負載共振式轉換器3， 八又極體DM串聯二極體刪再並聯電容C3串聯電容 —" 係連接於倍壓電路4，蓄電池5可設為錯酸 畜電池。 本發明電路最大的特點是輸出職用倍壓電路4，因此 對於相同的輸出電壓而言，輸人賴只要傳統式串聯負載丑 f式蓄電池充電11的—半電壓就可以達成充電的目的，錢 是升壓式無H不需要操作在很高的任務獅；且倍壓型串 •負载/、振式畜電池充電H包含了共振槽，而共振槽是利用 =感Lr與電容Cf魏顧所產生之正紐電壓與電流，以 ，供開關電路2切換所需之零電壓或零電流，可以減少開關 電路2的切鋪失及電磁谓«題，而輸㈣率可藉由共 振槽之特佩抗來㈣，雜抗乃是由功糊_切換頻率 1…、振頻率/^之比值來做調整’就其切換的情況以控制負 載^率的大小，達到我們所需的充電電壓及電流，進而達到 理想的工作效率；在輸出端為了能將倍壓型串聯負載共振時 所產生的高頻交流電壓及交流電流變成直流，必須利用一整 ^電路及電容减波後，方能制很小的漣波且平滑的直^ 電，以適合用於蓄電池充電。 200824219 本么月將開關$路2的切換頻率操作在高於共振頻率 時，共振槽電流為連續導通模式，可使開關電路2操作於零 电壓與零電流城導通情況，可減少開職路2導通時之切 換損失’而共賴錢續電料賴式下所制的波形，如 第六圖所示，由圖中可看出開關導通因為共振電流^由負變 正，共振電流^二極體m或D2自動換向到電晶體幻或 支”、、$通之切換損失，但關截止仍為強迫地將電晶體 S1或S2截止，並且將電流換向至另一個與電晶體S1或s2 $接的^極體D1或D2 ’將造賴止時有峨損失，而共振 电机不响疋在正半週或是負半週時，均有—個電晶體幻或 S2及-個二極體D1或⑽相互輪流導通，完成半週期的連續 性，如此’本發明專利所提出的太陽能倍麼型串聯負載共振 式蓄電池充電器共有四個操作模式·· ⑷模式1:電晶體S1導通（从㈣⑽）；請配合參 閱第七圖所示： 在電晶體S1之前，共振槽電流先流經D卜當電晶體幻 開鱗通時，跨接在電晶體S1上之電壓為零，且此 時共振槽電感電u為零，故具有零賴與零電流切換導 =之特性，此時共振槽的輪入電壓為^字，共振槽的輪出 電壓為字；因此跨接於共振槽上的電壓為卜”當電 晶體S1於模式一且導通一角度（小於18〇度)後則被強迫截 止’進入模式二。 200824219 _2導通（w#%);請配合參閱 (b)模式2 :二 弟八圖所示：The battery is charged; in view of this, the lack of corrections is a matter of research and design, and the invention can be first invented. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a reduction in switching loss of the transistor, increase the output, increase the output current, and reduce the charging time, and does not consume any rotation, thereby improving the charging efficiency compared to the solar pressure-type series load. Resonant battery charger. The main feature of the present invention is the 4 crane; _ circuit, which is a voltage source, which is provided with an electric energy coupling capacitor and a parallel transistor crystal series transistor, * a crystal parallel parallel diode and a capacitor; a series load resonant converter, In the switching circuit 'which is provided with an inductor series capacitor; the double-turn circuit is connected to the ^ circuit and the series load resonant converter, which is provided with a diode series diode and a re-associated capacitor string Wei Rong; Connected to the double house circuit. [Embodiment] In view of the above-mentioned purpose and effect of the present invention, the paper is more convenient and feasible, and the paper is exemplified by the following: · ^ No, 谇加说9 200824219 , ^ first, This is the technology of the main storage and resonance charging circuit (four), the switching technology refers to reducing the voltage and current = the overlap of the product in the open_changing process, such as the first - riding before the simple conduction, first make the switch The cross-voltage drop of two turns is zero and then switch, which is called zero voltage switching; otherwise, if the flow and __f flow are reduced to zero before the _ cutoff, that is, zero current switching, as shown in the second figure It shows the relevant duty cycle, Z is the switching period of the switch. The invention side _, as shown in the third figure, wherein the main function of the solar photovoltaic power board pull group is to convert the light generated by the sun into electric energy, and the output of the dog power board module will follow the intensity of the light, The climate temperature changes with various factors, so it is necessary to add a boosting conversion 1 to make a bribe supply. 敎 Voltage to Jiancai load-loaded battery charger', but when the sun is weak, solar energy The photovoltaic power board pull group's electric shock is reduced, in order to make the _ string-loaded resonant type electric = stable input voltage'. At this time, the boost converter must be carefully tasked in h, when operating in the crane task cycle, as long as A slight cycle of _ will record the change of the drum, and the relationship between the output voltage of the dust converter and the input money, as shown in the fourth figure, is shown in the figure. The converter is easy to enter. Unstable operation interval; in order to solve this phenomenon, it can be known from the present invention that, as shown in the fifth figure, the 3=2 system is provided with the voltage source 1, and the solar photovoltaic power board module is used: the light conversion generated by too% For electric energy 2, is connected to * pressure source, it is equipped with capacitor α series capacitor C2 and then parallel transistor si string two 200824219 electric body with 'transistor S1 and then parallel diode D1 and capacitor CSl, and transistor S2 again The diode load and the capacitor are removed; the series load resonant converter 3+ is connected to the switch circuit 2, which is provided with an inductor w-coupling capacitor Cr; the double voltage 2 4 ' is connected to the _ circuit 2 and the series load resonance type The converter 3, the octapole DM series diode and the parallel capacitor C3 series capacitor-" are connected to the voltage doubler circuit 4, and the battery 5 can be set as a wrong acid battery. The biggest feature of the circuit of the invention is that the output voltage multiplying circuit 4 is outputted. Therefore, for the same output voltage, the input of the conventional series load ugly-type battery charging 11-half voltage can achieve the purpose of charging. The money is boost type without H does not need to operate in a very high mission lion; and the double-pressure type string load / vibration type battery charge H contains the resonance groove, and the resonance groove is utilized = sense Lr and capacitance Cf Wei Gu The generated positive voltage and current, in order to switch the zero voltage or zero current required by the switching circuit 2, can reduce the switching loss of the switching circuit 2 and the electromagnetic problem, and the input (four) rate can be obtained by the resonant tank Tepe resists (4), the miscellaneous resistance is adjusted by the ratio of the frequency of the switch _ switching frequency 1..., the vibration frequency / ^ 'in the case of switching to control the load rate, to achieve the required charging voltage and The current, in order to achieve the desired working efficiency; in order to be able to convert the high-frequency AC voltage and AC current generated by the double-voltage series load resonance into DC, it is necessary to use a whole circuit and capacitor to reduce the wave. Very small ripples and ^ Direct electrical slip, as appropriate for battery charging. 200824219 This month, when the switching frequency of switch #路2 is operated above the resonance frequency, the resonant cell current is in continuous conduction mode, which can make the switching circuit 2 operate at zero voltage and zero current city conduction, which can reduce the opening road 2 The switching loss during turn-on is the same as the waveform made by the power-supply material. As shown in the sixth figure, it can be seen from the figure that the switch is turned on because the resonant current ^ is changed from negative to positive, and the resonant current is two poles. The body m or D2 is automatically commutated to the transistor illusion or branch, and the switching loss is still turned off, but the off-term is still forcibly turning off the transistor S1 or S2, and commutating the current to the other and the transistor S1 or S2 $ connected to the body of the body D1 or D2 'will have a loss when the remnant, and the resonance motor does not ring in the positive half cycle or negative half cycle, there is a crystal lens or S2 and - two The polar body D1 or (10) is alternately turned on to complete the continuity of the half cycle, so that the solar energy type series load resonance battery charger proposed by the present invention has four operation modes. (4) Mode 1: Conductor S1 is turned on. (From (4) (10)); please refer to Figure 7: Before the crystal S1, the current of the resonant tank first flows through the D. When the crystal is opened, the voltage across the transistor S1 is zero, and the resonant tank inductance u is zero, so there is zero and zero. The current switching guide is characterized by the fact that the wheel-in voltage of the resonant tank is a word, and the voltage of the resonant tank is a word; therefore, the voltage across the resonant tank is "when the transistor S1 is in mode one and is turned on" After the angle (less than 18 degrees), it is forced to cut off 'enter mode two. 200824219 _2 Turn on (w#%); please refer to (b) Mode 2: 2: Figure 8:
2共振槽電感柿"便改流經二極體D2，共振槽的輪 祕為^十共振槽的輸出電壓為β，由於此時並 振槽上的賴具有4今之鍋值魏，故共振槽輯 電流，"流經二極體D2後便快速在％時衰減至零，在二極 體D2之電感電流尚未衰減至零之前，電晶體從上之觸發信 號便可開始加於電晶體S2上，電路操作進入模式三。 ⑼模式3 :電晶體S2導通（切）；請配合 第九圖所示： 當電感電流I經由零點而轉變為負時，進入至模式三， 而電感電以在反向時，電感電心自動地可由二極體 D2轉移至電晶體S2導通’此時共振槽的輸入電壓為 6=-字’共振槽的輸出電壓為字’因此跨接於共振槽上 的電壓為〃+午，當電晶體⑵於模式三且導通—角度㈠、 於!8〇度)後則被強迫截止，進入模式四。 (b)模式4:二極體D1導通（叫⑽）；請配合參閱 第十圖所示： 由於電晶體S2被迫截’此時共振槽電感電流匕小於零， 因此便改流經二極體m，料共振槽的輸人賴為今， 共振槽的輸出電壓為，由於此時共_路中具有 卜夸今之直流’故共振槽贼電流。流經二極體仍 200824219 後便快速在w時增至零，二極體D1之電流尚未增加至零 之月ί〗，電晶體si上之觸發信號便可開始加於電晶體S1上， 電路操作重新回到模式一。 由波形來看，電晶體及二極體D2導通期間可視為一 個半週’此半週咖要較共振之半猶間為短，故叫並 ^連續導通模式下動作，祕此—工作模式開關在零電壓及 零電流時切換導通，因此不需要與全橋整流器巾二極體具有 良好的反向恢復特性，其缺點為開關必須在域電流^接近 ^值強追截止，會造成較大之截止切換；_，由於開關之 導通不僅為零電壓且為零電流，故可以在電晶體關旁分別 亚聯上-電容CS1及CS2，當成開關截止時之無損失的緩衝 電路。 以上所述四個倍翻串聯負無振式充電器的操作等 〜:路圖卿電路2之電晶體切換順序是為义 ，完成一個週期的波形，當電晶體&、s2開始 俾^寺’其所需電源分別是由電容C1與電容C2分壓電容提 而畜電池充電，亦即電晶體si動作由電容α供給電源， Ζ綠S2動作時則由電C2供給，偽若二極體D1或D2 動_’則為鶴電路執行，提供共振電感電流—迴流路徑。 中可ίΓ第十—圖為輸出端電壓大小對頻率響應圖，由圖 扭出’當開關電路2之電晶體s卜S2切換頻率等於丑 益::時串1負载共振式充電咖^ -取大電覆增益等於h〇，故可知倍麼型串聯 200824219 負載共振式充電器可適用在最高輸出電壓等於輸入電壓，若 將此種轉換裔應用於太陽能光伏電模組充電應用時，可增加 蓄電池充電電壓與充電電流，加快蓄電池充電速度，能將太 陽能作最有效率的應用；由圖中也可知道採用本發明專利的 倍壓型串聯貞載共振式蓄電池充電輯12V的蓄電池充電 時，只要輸入電壓高於12V就可對蓄電池充電；反之，由於 傳統的串聯負載共振式蓄電池充電H的最大電壓增益等於 〇·5所以採用傳統的串聯負載共振式蓄電池充電器對ία 的畜電池充電時，卻要使用要輸入電壓高於24V才可對蓄電 池充電；所以，本發明專利的倍壓型串聯負載共振式蓄電池 充電器只需要較低的電壓就可對蓄電池充電，也就是當太陽 光線較微弱時所產生的電力也可以做最大的利用。 本發明第十二圖所示為電晶體S1、S2驅動電路觸發信 號波形圖。 x " 本發明第十三圖所示為共振槽輸入端電壓Va與電流 iLr波形圖。 、μ 本發明第十四圖所示為共振槽電感電流iLr與電容電 壓Vcr波形圖。 本發明第十五圖所示為電晶體開關電壓VDS1與電流 isl波形圖。 、爪 本發明第十六圖所轉共振槽電《壓VLr與電容電 流icr波形圖。 本發明第十七圖所*為共振人端賴％與 電壓Vb波形圖。 』出鈿 200824219 本發明第十八圖所*為充電電流圖，充電袖由於蓄電 池端電顯健充電錢高達7 6A㈣蓄電池端電顯高 時電流就下降到5. 0A。 阿 本發明第十九圖所福蓄電池端電·化崎圖，蓄電 池端電屢由10. 5V充電到15. 4V共耗費5〇〇分鐘。 电 本發明第二十騎示為充電效賴化曲線w，由圖中可 看出’充電初触於充電電流較大效率較低，在整個充電期 間效率從73%變化到95%。 ’ 綜上所述，本發明藉由開關電路2之電晶體S卜S2做 高頻切換，使串聯負載共振式轉換器3的電壓及電流呈正弦 共振波形變化’當跨接在電晶體S1、S2上的賴為零時， 加入觸發信號使電晶體8卜S2導通，就可使電晶體si、幻 在夺電壓與零電流的時候進行切換導通，以大幅減少跨接在 電晶體S卜S2上的電壓及電流兩者的重疊面積，降低電晶 體SI、S2的切換損失，而倍壓電路4不僅可提高輪出電壓曰: 增加輸出電流、減少充電時間，更不會消耗任何功率，進而 提高充電效率，本發明實施例確實已能達到所預期之目的及 使用功效，且未見有相同製造方法公知、公用在先者，故本 發明當能符合發明專利之巾請要件，爰依法提㈣請，懇請 早日番結，並核賜專利，實深任感荷。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖所示係為本發明之零電壓切換示意圖。 第二圖所示係為本發明之零電流切換示意圖。 200824219 第三圖所稀為本判之方塊圖。 器輪出電壓與輸入電 第四圖所示係為本發明之升塵式轉換 壓間之曲線圖。 第五圖所示係為本發明之電路圖。 f六圖所示係為本發明連續導通操作模式波形圖。 ^七圖所示係為本發明之模式1等效電路圖。 ^八圖所示係為本發明之模式2等效電路圖。 第九圖所補為本㈣之模式3 電路圖。 第十圖所示係為本發明之模式4#效電路圖。 針-圖所示係為本發明輸出端電壓大小對辭響應圖。 第十二圖所示係為本發明之電晶體_電路觸發信號波形 第十一圖所示係為本發明共振槽輸入端電壓與電流波形圖。 第十四圖所示係為本發明共振槽電感電流與電容電壓波形 圖0 第十五圖所示係為本發明之電晶體開關電壓與電流波形圖。 第十六圖所示係為本發明共振槽電感電壓與電容電流波形 圖0 第十七圖所示係為本發明共振槽輸入端電壓與輸出端電壓 波形圖。 第十八圖所示係為本發明之充電電流圖。 第十九圖所示係為本發明之蓄電池端電壓變化曲線圖。 第二十圖所示係為本發明之充電效率變化曲線圖。 200824219 【主要元件符號說明】 1電壓源 2開關電路 3串聯負載共振式轉換器 4倍壓電路 5蓄電池 a、C2、C3、C4、CS1、CS2、Cr 電容 SI、S2電晶體 Dl、D2、DR1、DR4 二極體 Lr電感2 Resonant tank inductance persimmon " will change through the diode D2, the wheel of the resonance slot is the output voltage of the ^10 resonance slot is β, because at this time, the Lai on the vibration tank has the value of the pot of the present, The resonant tank current, " flows through the diode D2 and quickly decays to zero at %. Before the inductor current of the diode D2 has not decayed to zero, the transistor can start to be energized from the trigger signal. On crystal S2, the circuit operates into mode three. (9) Mode 3: The transistor S2 is turned on (cut); please match the ninth figure: When the inductor current I changes to zero via zero, it enters mode three, and the inductor is in the reverse direction, the inductor core is automatically The ground can be transferred from the diode D2 to the transistor S2. The input voltage of the resonant tank is 6=-word. The output voltage of the resonant tank is a word. Therefore, the voltage across the resonant tank is 〃+noon. The crystal (2) is forced to cut off after entering mode four after being in mode three and conducting - angle (1), after !8 degrees). (b) Mode 4: Diode D1 is turned on (called (10)); please refer to the tenth figure: Since the transistor S2 is forced to cut off, the resonant tank inductor current 匕 is less than zero, so it changes through the diode. The body m, the input of the resonant tank is the current, the output voltage of the resonant tank is, because at this time, there is a DC current in the common _ road, so the resonant tank thief current. After flowing through the diode still 200824219, it quickly increases to zero at w, and the current of the diode D1 has not increased to zero. The trigger signal on the transistor si can be added to the transistor S1, the circuit The operation returns to mode one. From the waveform point of view, the period of conduction between the transistor and the diode D2 can be regarded as one and a half weeks. 'This half-week is shorter than the half of the resonance. Therefore, it is called the action in the continuous conduction mode. The secret mode is the working mode switch. Switching on at zero voltage and zero current, so it does not need to have good reverse recovery characteristics with the full-bridge rectifier wiper diode. The disadvantage is that the switch must be in the domain current ^ close to ^ value to chase cut-off, which will cause a larger Cut-off switching; _, because the conduction of the switch is not only zero voltage and zero current, it can be sub-connected on the side of the transistor - capacitors CS1 and CS2, as a loss-free snubber circuit when the switch is turned off. The operation of the above four times of double-connected series negative vibration-free chargers is equal to: The circuit switching sequence of Lu Tuqing Circuit 2 is meaning, complete the waveform of one cycle, when the transistor & s2 starts 俾^ Temple 'The required power supply is respectively charged by capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 to charge the battery, that is, the transistor si action is supplied by the capacitor α, and when the green S2 is activated, it is supplied by the capacitor C2. D1 or D2 _' is performed for the crane circuit, providing a resonant inductor current-return path. The tenth figure is the output voltage voltage vs. frequency response diagram, which is twisted out by the figure 'When the switching circuit 2's transistor sb S2 switching frequency is equal to the ugly:: string 1 load resonance charging coffee ^ - take The large electric cover gain is equal to h〇, so it can be seen that the series type 200824219 load resonance type charger can be applied to the highest output voltage equal to the input voltage. If this conversion is applied to the solar photovoltaic module charging application, the battery can be added. The charging voltage and the charging current accelerate the charging speed of the battery, and the solar energy can be used as the most efficient application. It can also be seen from the figure that when the battery of the double-voltage type series-loaded resonance type rechargeable battery charging series of the present invention is used, When the input voltage is higher than 12V, the battery can be charged; on the contrary, since the maximum voltage gain of the conventional series load resonance battery charging H is equal to 〇·5, when the conventional series load resonance battery charger is used to charge the ία animal battery, However, it is necessary to use the input voltage higher than 24V to charge the battery; therefore, the double voltage type series load resonance type of the invention patent The battery charger can only lower voltage is needed to charge the battery, when electric power is generated by the solar ray weaker may also make the most use. Fig. 12 shows a waveform of a trigger signal of the driving circuits of the transistors S1 and S2. x " The thirteenth embodiment of the present invention shows the waveforms of the voltage Va and the current iLr at the input end of the resonant tank. μ is shown in Fig. 14 of the present invention as a waveform diagram of the resonant tank inductor current iLr and the capacitor voltage Vcr. Fig. 15 shows a waveform diagram of the transistor switching voltage VDS1 and the current isl. Claws The waveform of the voltage VLr and the capacitor current icr in the resonant tank of the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 17 is a waveform diagram of the resonance human terminal % and the voltage Vb. 』 钿 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿 钿A battery diagram of the battery in the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention, the battery terminal is repeatedly charged from 10. 5V to 15.4V for 5 minutes. The twentieth ride of the present invention is shown as a charging effect dependence curve w. It can be seen from the figure that the initial charging current is less efficient, and the efficiency changes from 73% to 95% during the entire charging period. In summary, the present invention performs high frequency switching by the transistor Sb S2 of the switching circuit 2, so that the voltage and current of the series load resonant converter 3 change in a sinusoidal resonance waveform' when connected across the transistor S1. When the Lai on S2 is zero, the trigger signal is added to make the transistor 8 S2 turn on, so that the transistor si, the magic voltage and the zero current can be switched on and off, so as to greatly reduce the jump across the transistor Sb. The overlap area of the voltage and current on the upper side reduces the switching loss of the transistors SI and S2, and the voltage doubler circuit 4 can not only increase the turn-off voltage 曰: increase the output current, reduce the charging time, and consume no power. In order to improve the charging efficiency, the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the intended purpose and the use efficiency, and the same manufacturing method is not known and common in the first, so the invention can meet the requirements of the invention patent towel, (4) Please, please, please sign up as soon as possible, and grant a patent, and I am deeply impressed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure shows a zero voltage switching diagram of the present invention. The second figure shows the zero current switching diagram of the present invention. 200824219 The third figure is a block diagram of the judgment. The device's wheel-out voltage and input power are shown in the fourth figure. The fifth diagram is a circuit diagram of the present invention. Figure 6 is a waveform diagram of the continuous conduction mode of the present invention. ^ Figure 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of mode 1 of the present invention. The eight diagrams show the equivalent circuit diagram of mode 2 of the present invention. The ninth figure complements the mode 3 circuit diagram of (4). The tenth figure shows the mode 4# effect circuit diagram of the present invention. The pin-picture is a response diagram of the voltage level of the output terminal of the present invention. The twelfth figure shows the waveform of the transistor_circuit trigger signal of the present invention. The eleventh figure shows the waveform of the voltage and current at the input end of the resonant tank of the present invention. Figure 14 shows the inductor current and capacitor voltage waveform of the resonant tank of the present invention. Figure 15 is a waveform diagram showing the voltage and current of the transistor switch of the present invention. Figure 16 shows the waveform of the inductor voltage and capacitor current of the resonant tank of the present invention. Figure 17 is a waveform diagram showing the voltage at the input terminal and the voltage at the output terminal of the resonant tank of the present invention. Figure 18 is a diagram showing the charging current of the present invention. Figure 19 is a graph showing the voltage change of the battery terminal of the present invention. Figure 20 is a graph showing the charging efficiency variation of the present invention. 200824219 [Description of main components] 1 voltage source 2 switching circuit 3 series load resonant converter 4 times voltage circuit 5 batteries a, C2, C3, C4, CS1, CS2, Cr capacitors SI, S2 transistors Dl, D2 DR1, DR4 diode Lr inductor