200811462 二1-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於-種偵測電池電量系統及其手 裝置，且特別是有關於-種可多段偵測手持式電子二 電池電量’並可提升電路設計使用彈性及可降低^ 的偵測電池電量系統及其手持式電子裝置。 、成本 【先前技術】 & =現今手持式電子裝置(hand_heId咖伽此知 的逄功發展，例如··手持式個人電腦、電子字典、PDA、 等:ff常需要電池(battery)來做為其系統電力的主 故债測電池電量便成為各手持式電子褒置必須要 带旦狀ϋ ’二提醒使用者所使用之手持式電子裝置的電池 a士里\ 言’當手持式電子似偵測完電池電量 ^ ’「可以將偵測結果顯示給使用者觀看外(例如可以顯 ^晋存5G%」）’或者#偵測結果觸手持式電子 用手持式電低時’更可以禁止或限制使用者繼續使 技術二持ίΐ子裝置來用以偵測其電池電量狀態之 包括：大致可分為下忙種技術手段㈣測，其 ADc.用類比數位轉換器（analog to digital converter, 要Λ’Γ及2.使用電壓偵測器（她嗯d咖ct〇r)。而為了 = 地說明上述所提及偵測手持式電子裝置之電池電 如何“段’以下將個別說明其電路運作原理以及 貞測手持式電子裝置之電池電量。 200811462 i w i ivvJI-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 圖1繪不為習知使用類比數位轉換器(ADC)來债測手 持式電子裝置之電池電量的電路圖。請參照圖i，由圖i 所揭露，手持式電子裝置觸可看出，電池即係用以輸 出了電S V—BATT，以提供手持式電子裝置系統1〇1當作 ，系統電力’而其偵測手持式電子裝置之電池簡電 i V:BATT之電路動作原理係為下列所述： 首先、’假使設計者所選用的類比數位轉換器1〇5 係為 η位TL(n為正整數），故可得知的是，此類比數位轉換器奶 之解析度係1/2Λη。而為了要便於偵測電池1()3之電量 V^ATT狀態，必須先在類比數位轉換H 105奴-參考 電壓Vref’此參考電壓Vref係為手持式電子裝置系統收 之糸統電力。 故依據上述可知，類比數位轉換器105會把參考電壓 Vref刀成2Λη部份，而電池1〇3之電量v—ΒΑΤΤ會透過電 :R1與R2的分壓後，提供—彳貞測電壓ΒΑττ—β至類比 器105。之後，類比數位轉換器105會分析上述 1 ΒΑΤΤ一D係屬於上述參考電壓Vref的哪一部份 後’即可知悉電池103 f4 V_BATT狀態。 拍.、目^為了要更清楚說明上述利用類比數位轉換器105來 主二持式電子裝置100之電池103電量ν_ΒΑΤΤ的技術 手&，以下將例舉一例來說明： - 姑立，使上述所選狀類比數位㈣111G5係為8位元， 例Γ ΪΪ度係為1/256 ’且預設手持式電子裝置系統剛， °马手持式個人電腦所需之系統電壓為3.GV(亦即電池 6 200811462. --^I-〇124-TWXX 2l3l6twfd〇c/e =3之兒里V-BATT)，故類比數位轉換器105所設定的來 考電壓vref亦為3 0v。 乂 去依據上述可知，參考電壓Vref會被分為256個部份， 故田電池103電量v—Batt經由電阻Rl與R2分壓後， 假使所得的偵測電壓BATT—D為1.5V時，此時再由類比 .婁丈位轉換$ 105分析後，亦即可分析出電池103電量 • V—BATT係於參考電壓Vref的第128個部份，所以類比 數位轉換為1〇5所輸出的數位訊號DS之數值可表示為 8〇H，故而可推知此時電池1〇3電量V—BATT狀態尚存50 %的電力。此外，電阻則及幻並非限定要使用之元件， 設ί者只要確認電池103電量V-BATT不超過類比數位轉 換器ι〇5之參考電壓Vref，即可不需使用電阻Rl及R2 之分壓處理。 而值得一提的是，手持式電子裝置100係可依據數位 訊號DS之邏輯狀態，而告知使用者當下電池1〇3電量 V一BATT狀態，或者當電池1()3電量V_BATT過低時，除 了可關閉高耗電力的周邊硬體線路外，更可以禁止或限制 使用者繼績使用手持式電子裝置1〇〇。此外，運用類比數 位轉換器105之技術手段來偵測手持式電子裝置1〇〇之電 池103電量V—BATT狀態時，其必須透過手持式電子裝置 100之CPU才能偵測其電池1 〇3電量v BATT狀熊。 圖2繪示為習知使用電壓偵測器來偵測手持式電子裝 置之電池電量的電路圖。請參照圖2，由圖2所揭露的手 持式電子裝置200(例如為手持式個人電腦）可看出，電池 7 200811462 1 yr nv"'-I~〇124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 2ϋ3係用以輸出一冤重v—BA，n、〜促1六亍符式電子裝置 系統201當作其系統電力，而其偵測手持式電子裝置2⑽ 之電池203電量V一BATT之電路動作原理係為下列所述· 首先，電池203電量、BATT係透過電阻幻、幻及 R3之阻值分壓設計後，藉此而決定電壓偵測器之高陟 限黾壓值VHTH與低g品限電壓值vLTH。故當電池203 ^量 V一BATT低於低臨限電壓值vLTH時，電壓偵測器、2〇5戶^ 出的數位訊號DS係例如為邏輯低準位狀態，並致使手^ 式電子t置細自動關閉高耗電力的周邊硬體線路，或者 禁止使用者繼續使用手持式電子裝置2〇〇 ;反之，當電 203電量V_BATT高於高臨限電壓值I時，電^泪 器所輸出的數位訊號DS係例如為邏輯高準位狀能， 並致使手持式電子裝置200係處於—般工作模式。“ 而值得-提的是，於圖2所揭露的電路圖^，電阻以 及R5係用以避免電壓偵測器2〇5之邏輯高準位高於咖 而所採取的分壓處理，但設計者只要相電 ^偵，2。5之邏輯高準位不會高於cpu的邏輯高準位 日年，電阻R4及R5係為非限定使用的元件 厂^I，之技術手段來偵測手持式電子裝置2〇〇。 ^電1”纽狀態時，其不需要透過手持式電子装 置之cpim能偵測其電池203電量v batt狀熊。 θ⑼上所述’上述所描賴料持式電子裝置之電池* 置的二種技術手段巾’假使選用舰 換 c: 技術，其料= 200811462 ……x -I-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e ^成本亦p近之提升此外’假使選用電壓偵測器(v〇 =Γ)之技術，其雖製作成顿為低廉，但-經手持式 =衣置之硬體確認後便無法修改，所以設計使用彈性並 不r%。 【發明内容】 旦备ΪΓ本电明的目的就是提供了—種偵測電池電 置糸統及其手持式電子H其藉由_控制斷模植以 =手持式電子裝置系統之脈波寬度調變(PWM)訊號，並 及一比較單元，來達到多段偵測手持式 ^子1置之電池電量狀態’如衫但可崎低其製作成 么’並且無更其硬體線路，僅f經由改變控制判斷模 、、且之程式碼(code)後，即可應用於現今的手持 置，而大大的提升設計使用彈性。 ^ +本發明所提供的摘測電池電量系統，其適用於手 电子装置’且此手持式電子裝f包含手持式電子梦置系 統’其具有脈波寬度調變訊號，而本發明之偵測心電量 糸統，括纽料兀、比鮮元，以及控制觸模組。充 ^電單元係用以依據脈波寬度調變訊號狀態，而對應的充 包或放電並輸出一充放電壓，其中脈波寬度調變訊號之工 作週期係小於充放電單元之充放電時間週期。 比杈單元耦接充放電單元，此比較單元係用以比較手 持式電子裝置系統之系統電壓與充放電單元所輪出之^放 電^後，而輸出一偵測電壓。控制判斷模組係用以控制脈 波寬度調變訊號狀態，並依據比較單元所輪出之^測電 ：I-0124-TWXX 2l316twf.doc/e 200811462 壓’ ϋ判疋^持式電子裝置之電池電量狀態。 從另一觀點來看，本發明提供一種手持 其包含-手持式電子裝置系】衣置， 具有脈波寬度調變替，而太=持式電子裝置系統 電池與偵測電池電量;統々明; 電子裝置系統之系統電壓 =供手持式 包括充放電單元、里狀恶’且此侧電池電量系統 單元係用以依據脈波變 放電並輸出一充放電厂堅：其2;=二二對，充電或 划筏ί认士A; 皮見度凋、交矾號之工作週 麟小於纽電單元之級糾_期。 比較單元輕接充放電單元，此 ί調測電壓:控制判斷_^^ 判定二m壯亚依據比較單元所輸出之偵測，以 手持式电子I置之電池電量狀態。 第二端，其中第，接第一電:之Jr;有= 則接地。 电阻之弟一鳊，而弟二端 号，本發明較佳實施例中，比較單元包括一比較 輸入端用以接收電池所提供之系統電壓，其負輸 10 ：I-〇124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 200811462 輪出偵測ί:充放早凡所輪出之充放電壓，而其輪出端則 的手量系統’可β應用於現今 制判斷模組控制手持式===統係藉由控 S作週期，並且將充放單 == 變::::作週期，如此再 充放電屋後，而輸出一偵测電 = ^此:不但可以達到多段偵測手持式== -並可以降低其製作成本’且無須變更其硬體線路， 的手持式忿!:Γ=ΐ之程式碼後’即可應用於現今 炎> 迅子衣置，而大大的提升設計使用彈性。 j本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯 作詳細說本發明之較佳實關，並配合所附圖式， 【實施方式】 圖3 !會示為本發明較佳實施例之手持式電子裝置的方 j。請參照圖3，由圖3所揭露的手持式電子裝置3 00(例 口可以為手持式個人電腦、電子字典、PDA、iP〇d…等）中 手持式电子I置系統301、電池3〇3、偵測電池電量系 ϋ5古以及ί示單元3〇7。其中，手持式電子裝置系統 有脈波寬度調變訊號(pulse width m〇dulati〇n，pwM) 200811462200811462 II 1-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a battery power detection system and a hand device thereof, and particularly relates to a multi-segment Measuring the handheld electronic two-cell battery' and improving the circuit design using the flexibility and reducing the detection of the battery power system and its handheld electronic device. , cost [previous technology] & = today's handheld electronic devices (hand_heId gamma knows about the development of gongs, such as · handheld personal computers, electronic dictionaries, PDAs, etc.: ff often requires a battery (battery) as The battery power of the main power of the system power has become a must-have for each handheld electronic device. 'Second reminds the user to use the battery of the handheld electronic device a Shili\言' as a handheld electronic detector Measure the battery power ^ ' "You can display the detection results to the user to watch outside (for example, you can display 5G%)" or #Detect the result when you touch the handheld electronic handheld low battery' can be prohibited or Restricting the user to continue to make the technology to hold the device to detect the battery state of the device: roughly can be divided into the next busy technical means (four) test, its ADc. analog to digital converter (analog to digital converter, to Λ 'Γ and 2. Use a voltage detector (she □ 咖 ct 〇 〇 r). And in order to explain the above mentioned detection of the handheld electronic device battery power "segment" will be described below their circuit operation Principle and Measure the battery power of the handheld electronic device. 200811462 iwi ivvJI-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e Figure 1 depicts a circuit diagram for not using the analog digital converter (ADC) to measure the battery power of a handheld electronic device. Referring to Figure i, as revealed by Figure i, the handheld electronic device can be seen that the battery is used to output the electric SV-BATT to provide the handheld electronic device system 1〇1 as the system power' Measuring the battery operation of the handheld electronic device i V: BATT circuit operation principle is as follows: First, 'If the designer chooses the analog digital converter 1 〇 5 is η bit TL (n is a positive integer) Therefore, it can be known that the resolution of this type of digital converter milk is 1/2 Λ η. In order to facilitate the detection of the battery 1 () 3 power V ^ ATT state, must first convert the H 105 slave in the analog digital - The reference voltage Vref is the power of the handheld electronic device system. Therefore, according to the above, the analog digital converter 105 will cut the reference voltage Vref into 2Λη, and the battery 1〇3 - ΒΑΤΤ will pass electricity: R1 and R2 After the voltage division, the voltage ΒΑττ-β is supplied to the analogizer 105. After that, the analog-to-digital converter 105 analyzes which part of the reference voltage Vref the above-mentioned 1D-D system belongs to, and then the battery 103 is known. F4 V_BATT state. In order to more clearly explain the above-mentioned technical hand & using the analog-to-digital converter 105 to charge the battery 103 of the main two-wire electronic device 100, an example will be described below: - Lie, so that the selected analog analog digital (4) 111G5 is 8 bits, for example, the twist system is 1/256' and the preset handheld electronic device system just has a system voltage of 3. GV (ie, battery 6 200811462. --^I-〇124-TWXX 2l3l6twfd〇c/e = 3 in V-BATT), so the reference voltage vref set by analog converter 105 is also 3 0v. According to the above, the reference voltage Vref will be divided into 256 parts, and the power of the battery 103 of the field battery v-Batt is divided by the resistors R1 and R2, if the obtained detection voltage BATT_D is 1.5V, this Then, by analogy. After the conversion of $105, the battery 103 can be analyzed. The V-BATT is the 128th part of the reference voltage Vref, so the analog digit is converted to the digital output of 1〇5. The value of the signal DS can be expressed as 8 〇H, so it can be inferred that at this time, the battery has a power of 50% in the V-BATT state. In addition, the resistance and the illusion are not limited to the components to be used. It is only necessary to confirm that the battery 103 power V-BATT does not exceed the reference voltage Vref of the analog digital converter ι〇5, so that the voltage division processing of the resistors R1 and R2 is not required. . It is worth mentioning that the handheld electronic device 100 can inform the user according to the logic state of the digital signal DS, and then inform the user that the current battery is 1 〇 3 power V-BATT state, or when the battery 1 () 3 power V_BATT is too low, In addition to turning off the high-power peripheral hardware circuit, it is possible to prohibit or restrict the user's success in using the handheld electronic device. In addition, when the technical means of the analog-to-digital converter 105 is used to detect the battery V-BATT state of the handheld electronic device 1 , it must pass the CPU of the handheld electronic device 100 to detect the battery 1 〇 3 power. v BATT-like bear. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the use of a voltage detector to detect the battery power of a handheld electronic device. Referring to FIG. 2, the handheld electronic device 200 (for example, a handheld personal computer) disclosed in FIG. 2 can be seen that the battery 7 200811462 1 yr nv"'-I~〇124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 2ϋ3 series For outputting a weight v-BA, n, ~ 1 hexadecimal electronic device system 201 as its system power, and detecting the battery 203 power of the handheld electronic device 2 (10) V-BATT circuit operation principle For the following: First, the battery 203 power, BATT through the resistor magic, magic and R3 resistance value divider design, thereby determining the voltage detector's high threshold voltage value VHTH and low g limit voltage The value is vLTH. Therefore, when the battery 203 ^ V - BATT is lower than the low threshold voltage value vLTH, the voltage detector, the digital signal DS of the 2 〇 5 households is, for example, a logic low level state, and causes the hand type electronic t Finely turn off the high-power peripheral hardware circuit, or prohibit the user from continuing to use the handheld electronic device 2; otherwise, when the power 203 power V_BATT is higher than the high threshold voltage I, the output is output The digital signal DS is, for example, a logic high level capable energy, and causes the handheld electronic device 200 to be in a normal operating mode. "It is worth mentioning that the circuit diagram shown in Figure 2, the resistor and R5 are used to avoid the voltage high-level of the voltage detector 2〇5 is higher than the coffee, but the designer As long as the phase is detected, the logic high level of 2.5 will not be higher than the logic high level of cpu, and the resistors R4 and R5 are unrestricted component manufacturers, which are technical means to detect the handheld. The electronic device 2〇〇. ^Electric 1" state, it does not need to pass through the handheld electronic device cpim can detect its battery 203 power v batt bear. The two technical means for the battery of the above-mentioned described holding electronic device are described in θ(9). If the ship is replaced with c: technology, the material = 200811462 ... x -I-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/ e ^The cost is also close to the increase. In addition, if the technology of the voltage detector (v〇=Γ) is used, it is inexpensive to make it, but it cannot be modified after being confirmed by the hand-held device. So design flexibility is not r%. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the 电 电 电 就是 就是 就是 就是 就是 就是 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测 侦测Variable (PWM) signal, and a comparison unit, to achieve multi-segment detection of the handheld battery 1 state of the battery state of the state, but can be made low, and no more hardware, only f After changing the control mode and the code, it can be applied to today's handheld devices, and greatly enhance the design flexibility. ^ + The metering battery power system provided by the present invention is applicable to a hand electronic device 'and the handheld electronic device f includes a handheld electronic dream setting system having a pulse width modulation signal, and the detection of the present invention The heart and the power system, including the new material, the fresh element, and the control touch module. The charging unit is configured to adjust the signal state according to the pulse width, and the corresponding charging or discharging and outputting a charging and discharging voltage, wherein the working period of the pulse width modulation signal is smaller than the charging and discharging time period of the charging and discharging unit . The comparison unit is coupled to the charge and discharge unit. The comparison unit is configured to compare the system voltage of the handheld electronic device system with the power discharged by the charge and discharge unit, and output a detection voltage. The control judging module is used to control the state of the pulse width modulation signal, and according to the measurement of the rotation of the comparison unit: I-0124-TWXX 2l316twf.doc/e 200811462 pressure ' ϋ 疋 疋 持 holding electronic device Battery status. From another point of view, the present invention provides a hand-held, hand-held electronic device system having a pulse width modulation, and a battery of the electronic device system and detecting battery power; The system voltage of the electronic device system = for the hand-held type including the charge and discharge unit, the inside of the battery and the battery unit of this side is used to discharge according to the pulse wave and output a charge and discharge factory: 2; = two pairs , charging or 筏 认 认 A A; skin seeing, the work of the nickname Zhou Lin is less than the level of the new electric unit _ period. The comparison unit is lightly connected to the charge and discharge unit, and the voltage is controlled. _^^ determines that the second m Ziya is based on the detection output by the comparison unit, and the battery state of the handheld electronic I is set. The second end, wherein the first, the first electric: Jr; the = is grounded. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the comparison unit includes a comparison input for receiving the system voltage provided by the battery, and the negative input is 10:I-〇124-TWXX 21316twf. Doc/e 200811462 Round-out detection ί: charging and discharging the voltage of the charging and discharging, and the hand-cranking system of the wheel-out end can be applied to the current system to control the module control handheld === By controlling S for the period, and charging and discharging the single == change:::: for the cycle, so after recharging and discharging the house, and outputting a detection power = ^ this: not only can reach multi-segment detection handheld == - And can reduce its production cost 'and do not need to change its hardware line, the hand-held 忿!: Γ = ΐ ΐ 程式 code can be applied to the current inflammation> 迅子衣, and greatly enhance the design flexibility. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the aspects of the preferred embodiments of the invention. The side j of the handheld electronic device. Referring to FIG. 3, the handheld electronic device 300 (which may be a handheld personal computer, an electronic dictionary, a PDA, an iP〇d, etc.) disclosed in FIG. 3 is a handheld electronic system 301 and a battery. 3, to detect the battery power system ϋ 5 ancient and 示 display unit 3 〇 7. Among them, the handheld electronic device system has a pulse width modulation signal (pulse width m〇dulati〇n, pwM) 200811462
：I-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e ^WM—IN，而電池303則用以提供電量V_BATT至手持g 電子裝置系統3(Π，以當作手持式電子裝置系、统則 統電壓。 偵測電池電量系統305係用以偵測電池303電量 V—BATT狀態’並輸出一偵測電麼DS至手持式電子裝置 ^統30U4，手持式電子裝置系統則再據以提供至顯示 單元307，使其顯示偵測電池電量系統3〇5所偵測之結果， 如此以告知使用手持式電子裝置3〇〇的使用者知悉當下電 池303電量V—BATT狀態。 圖4繪示為本實施例之偵測電池電量系統3〇5的電路 圖。請合併參照圖3及圖4,偵測電池電量系統3〇5包括 充放電單元401、電壓隨耦器U0P、第二電容€2、電壓限 制單元403、比較單元405，以及控制判斷模組4〇7。其中， 充放電單元401係由第一電阻R1與第一電容C1所組成， 且此充放電單元401係依據脈波寬度調變訊號pWM取之 工作週期，而據以對應的充電或放電並輸出充放電芦 PWM RC。 承接上述更清楚的說，當脈波寬度調變訊號PWM 在一工作週期(duty cycle)内為高準位時會充電，以得到— 充電的充放電壓PWM-RC，而在波寬度調變訊號取 在一工作週期(duty cycle)内為低準位時會放電，以得到_ 放電的充放電壓PWM_RC。 於本實施例中，脈波寬度調變訊號PWM—IN之卫彳乍竭^ 期必須小於電阻R1與電容C1所構成的充放電時間週期^ 12 200811462:I-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e ^WM-IN, and the battery 303 is used to supply the power V_BATT to the handheld g electronic device system 3 (Π, as a handheld electronic device system, system voltage. The battery power system 305 is configured to detect the battery 303 power V-BATT state and output a detection power DS to the handheld electronic device 30U4, and the handheld electronic device system is further provided to the display unit 307. The display detects the result detected by the battery power system 3〇5, so as to inform the user who uses the handheld electronic device 3〇〇 that the current battery 303 is in the V-BATT state. FIG. 4 illustrates the embodiment. The circuit diagram of the battery power system 3〇5 is detected. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 together, the detection battery power system 3〇5 includes a charge and discharge unit 401, a voltage follower U0P, a second capacitor, and a voltage limiting unit 403. The comparison unit 405 and the control determination module 4〇7, wherein the charge and discharge unit 401 is composed of a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1, and the charge and discharge unit 401 is configured according to the pulse width modulation signal pWM. Work cycle, and corresponding charge Or discharge and output the charge and discharge reed PWM RC. According to the above, when the pulse width modulation signal PWM is at a high level within a duty cycle, it will be charged to obtain the charging and discharging voltage. PWM-RC, when the wave width modulation signal is low level in a duty cycle, it will discharge to obtain the charge-discharge voltage PWM_RC of _ discharge. In this embodiment, the pulse width modulation The signal PWM-IN's 彳乍 彳乍 ^ ^ period must be less than the charge and discharge time period formed by the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 ^ 12 200811462
JI-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 故可推知的是，在脈波寬度調變訊號pwMJ[N於一工作、周 期内為：準位而經由電阻則向電容C1進行充電時，其： 導致電容α尚未純電荷就放電，且在脈波寬度調變ς 號PWM—IN於-工作週期内為低準位而電容C1經由電版 R1進行放電時，其會導致電容C1尚未放完電荷就充電。 此外，於本實施例中，電阻R1例如可以為100KQ , 而黾谷Cl例如可以為〇 ，但在此並不限制其電阻幻 之電阻值與電谷CU之電容值，設計者當可視實際需求並 符合上述之限定條件（亦即脈波寬度調變訊號pWM一IN之 工作週期必須小於電阻R1與電容C1所構成的充放電時間 週期）’而採用其它阻值的電阻R1與其它容值的電容C 來替代之。 且更值得一提的是，本實施例之手持式電子裝置系統 3〇1所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號PWM—IN，其頻率大小係 為超過ΙΚΗζ即可，但假使其頻率愈高時，例如為1MHz， 其以手持式電子裝置系統301所能提供的最高頻率值為 限，充放電單元401所輸出之充放電壓PWM—RC的漣波 (ripple)現象將會被大大的降低。 彳 圖5及圖6繪示為本實施例之手持式電子裝置系統 3〇1所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號PWM一IN及其對應的充放 電壓PWM一RC的波形圖，其中波形圖之橫座標與縱座標 分別代表時間與電壓。請合併參照圖3〜6，圖5及圖6所 揭露的波形圖500與600中，其包括充放電單元4〇1所輸 出之充放電壓PWM一RC的波形圖，以及手持式電子裝置 13 200811462JI-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e, it can be inferred that when the pulse width modulation signal pwMJ[N is in one operation and the period is: level and the capacitor C1 is charged via the resistor, it: The capacitor α is discharged without a pure charge, and when the pulse width modulation PWM PWM-IN is at a low level during the - working period and the capacitor C1 is discharged through the electric plate R1, it causes the capacitor C1 to have not discharged the charge. Charging. In addition, in this embodiment, the resistor R1 may be, for example, 100KQ, and the valley C1 may be, for example, 〇, but the resistance value of the resistor phantom and the capacitance value of the electric valley CU are not limited herein, and the designer can visually determine the actual demand. And meet the above-mentioned qualification conditions (that is, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal pWM-IN must be smaller than the charge and discharge time period formed by the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1), and the resistor R1 with other resistance values and other capacitance values are used. Capacitor C is used instead. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that the pulse width modulation signal PWM_IN provided by the handheld electronic device system 3〇1 of the embodiment has a frequency exceeding ΙΚΗζ, but if the frequency is higher, the frequency is higher. For example, 1 MHz, which is limited by the highest frequency value that can be provided by the handheld electronic device system 301, the ripple phenomenon of the charging/discharging voltage PWM-RC outputted by the charging and discharging unit 401 will be greatly reduced. FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are waveform diagrams of the pulse width modulation signal PWM-IN and the corresponding charging and discharging voltage PWM-RC provided by the handheld electronic device system 3〇1 of the present embodiment, wherein the waveform diagram The horizontal coordinates and the vertical coordinates represent time and voltage, respectively. Please refer to FIG. 3 to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 for waveform diagrams 500 and 600, which include waveform diagrams of the charging and discharging voltage PWM-RC outputted by the charging and discharging unit 4〇1, and the handheld electronic device 13 200811462
：I-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 系統301所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號PWM—IN波形圖。首 先，請先合併參照圖3〜圖5，其係為手持式電子裝置系統 3〇1所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號PWM一IN之工作週期〇係 維持在100%時，再經由充放電單元401後，充放電單元 401所對應輸出的充放電壓pwM_RC波形圖。 接著，請合併參照圖3、圖4及圖6,其係為手持式電 子裝置系統301所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號pwm—IN之工 作週期D係維持在33%時，再經由充放電單元401後，充 放電單元401所對應輸出的充放電壓pwm一RC波形圖。 其中，上述所說的脈波寬度調變訊號PWM—IN之工作週期 D，其係為脈波寬度調變訊號PWM—IN於一週期時間内的 高準位時間，在整個脈波寬度調變訊號PWM一IN之工作、周 期時間所佔據之比例數值。 ^ 舉例來說，由圖6所揭露的脈波寬度調變訊號 PWM一IN之波形圖可看出，在一個脈波寬度調變訊號 PWM—IN的完紅作職τ内，可分為高準位玉作週期時u 間τι與低準位工作週期時間T2，故可知的是，將高準位 工作週期時間τι除以工作週期τ後(亦即Τ1/Τ)，即可知 悉脈波寬度調變訊號PWM—ΙΝ之工作週期D。 請繼續參照圖3及圖4,電壓隨搞器u〇p之接收 係用以接收充放電單元4〇1所輸出的充放電壓 歷-RC，如此再經由電容C2後便可將充放電壓 Ργ-RC變成-賴近錢電鱗位的電龜。於本實^ 例上述之趨近直流電壓準位的充放電壓爾Μ叱，盆 200811462:I-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e The pulse width modulation signal PWM-IN waveform diagram provided by system 301. First, please refer to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 together, which is a pulse width modulation signal PWM-IN provided by the handheld electronic device system 3〇1, and the duty cycle is maintained at 100%, and then charged and discharged. After the unit 401, the charging/discharging unit 401 outputs a waveform of the charging and discharging voltage pwM_RC. Next, please refer to FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 together. The duty cycle D of the pulse width modulation signal pwm_IN provided by the handheld electronic device system 301 is maintained at 33%, and then charged and discharged. After the unit 401, the charge and discharge voltage pwm corresponding to the output of the charge and discharge unit 401 is an RC waveform diagram. Wherein, the working period D of the pulse width modulation signal PWM_IN mentioned above is the high level time of the pulse width modulation signal PWM_IN in one cycle time, and is modulated throughout the pulse width. The ratio of the duty and cycle time occupied by the signal PWM-IN. ^ For example, the waveform of the pulse width modulation signal PWM-IN disclosed in FIG. 6 can be seen as being high in a red duty job τ of a pulse width modulation signal PWM_IN. During the period of the jade cycle, the inter-u τι and the low-level duty cycle time T2, it is known that after dividing the high-level duty cycle time τι by the duty cycle τ (that is, Τ1/Τ), the pulse wave can be known. Width modulation signal PWM - 工作 duty cycle D. Please continue to refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the receiving device of the voltage counter device is used to receive the charging and discharging voltage history -RC outputted by the charging and discharging unit 4〇1, and then the charging and discharging voltage can be obtained through the capacitor C2. Ργ-RC becomes an electric turtle that is close to the money scale. In the above example, the above-mentioned charge and discharge voltages approaching the DC voltage level, pots 200811462
JI-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 電壓值大小係依據脈波寬度調變訊號PWM_IN之工作週 期而決定，亦即當脈波寬度調變訊號PWm_IN於一工作週 期内處在高準位時間越長時，其趨近直流電壓準位的充放 電壓PWM一RC的電壓值就會越大。 此外’於本實施例中，電容C2的電容值例如可以為 O.luF ’但在此並不限定其容值大小，設計者當可視實際需 求，而以不同容值的電容C2來代替之，只是值得一提的 疋’假若將電容C2的容值增加時，其抑制充放電單元4〇1 所輸出之充放電壓PWM一RC的漣波(ripple)現象效果也會 越好。 而值得一提的是，電壓隨耦器UOP與電容C2係為選 擇性το件’亦即非本發明之限定使用元件。更清楚的來說， 充放電單元401所輸出之充放電壓PWM_RC可直接提供 至比較單元405，如此亦可使本實施例之偵測電池電量系 統305處於正常工作狀態。而加入電壓隨耦器UOP之原 因，其係為了使充放電單元401與比較單元405間的阻抗 達到匹配，且在搭配電容C2後，可以使偵測電池電量系 統305在運作時更為穩定。 接著’電壓限制單元403係由第二電阻R2與第三電 阻R3所組成，其以該發明領域具有通常知識者當可知悉， 此電壓限制單元403之目的係為抑制電池303電量 V—BATT不能超過手持式電子裝置系統301之系統電壓， 所作的刀壓保護處理。於本實施例中，電阻R2例如可以 為360ΚΩ，而電阻R3例如可以為1ΜΩ，但在此並不限定 200811462 ' I-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e j阻R2與R3之阻值大小’設計者可依據實際需求，以 不同阻值之電阻R2與R3來代#之’但值得—提的是，冬 ，用的電阻R2與R3 <阻值越大時，其可以避免益“ ^耗掉電池303電量V一BATT。此外，假若當電池期電 ^ V BATT不超過手持式電子裝置系統地之系統電壓 打，电阻R2與R3亦非為限定使用的元件。 比較單元405係包括-比較器c〇p，其係用以比較手 ，式電子裝置系統3〇m统電壓（亦即電池期電量 v BATT)與充放電單元彻所輸出之充放電壓讓队 後’而輸出偵測電壓DS。於本實施例中，比較單元一4〇5 所輸出的偵測訊號DS除了用以提供至控制判斷模組術 以供其判斷電池3G3電量v—BATT狀態，以及提供至 f電子裝置系統301後，手持式電子裝置系統3〇ι再據以 提供至顯示單元307 ’使其顯示偵測電池電量純％ =測之結果外，更可以將其轉換為舰電___ 後輸出’以作為需要類比電壓輸人控制的周邊硬體線 用途。 而值得一提的是，於本實施例中，當電池3〇3 V_BATT低於充放電單元4()1所輸出之充放電壓ρ侧^ 日守’會致使比較單兀4〇5所輸出的偵測電壓Ds狀 準位電壓；但於另-觀點來看，假若設計者欲想當電:烟 電量V—BATT低於充放電單元所輸出之充 HVM—RC，會致使比較單元4〇5所輸出的偵測電壓 態為高準位電壓時’僅需將f壓隨抑u〇p之輪出端減 200811462JI-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e The voltage value is determined according to the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal PWM_IN, that is, when the pulse width modulation signal PWm_IN is at a high level in a working cycle, For a long time, the voltage value of the charge-discharge voltage PWM-RC which approaches the DC voltage level will be larger. In addition, in the present embodiment, the capacitance value of the capacitor C2 can be, for example, O.luF ', but the capacity value is not limited herein, and the designer can replace the capacitance C2 with different capacitance values according to actual needs. It is only worth mentioning that if the capacitance of the capacitor C2 is increased, it will suppress the ripple effect of the charge-discharge voltage PWM-RC outputted by the charge and discharge unit 4〇1. It is worth mentioning that the voltage follower UOP and the capacitor C2 are optional τ pieces, i.e., not limited to the use of the invention. More specifically, the charge and discharge voltage PWM_RC outputted by the charge and discharge unit 401 can be directly supplied to the comparison unit 405, so that the detected battery power system 305 of the embodiment can be in a normal working state. The reason for adding the voltage follower UOP is to match the impedance between the charging and discharging unit 401 and the comparing unit 405, and after the capacitor C2 is matched, the detecting battery power system 305 can be made more stable during operation. Then, the voltage limiting unit 403 is composed of a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3. As will be known to those skilled in the art, the purpose of the voltage limiting unit 403 is to suppress the battery 303 power V-BATT. The tool voltage protection process is performed beyond the system voltage of the handheld electronic device system 301. In this embodiment, the resistor R2 may be, for example, 360 ΚΩ, and the resistor R3 may be, for example, 1 ΜΩ, but here is not limited to 200811462 'I-0124-TWXX 21316 twf.doc/ej resistance R2 and R3 resistance value' designer According to actual needs, resistors R2 and R3 with different resistance values can be used to represent #', but it is worthwhile to mention that in winter, the resistors R2 and R3 are used. When the resistance value is larger, it can avoid the loss. The battery 303 has a power of V_BATT. In addition, if the battery period voltage V BATT does not exceed the system voltage of the handheld electronic device system, the resistors R2 and R3 are not limited components. The comparison unit 405 includes a comparator. C〇p, which is used to compare the voltage of the hand-held electronic device system (that is, the battery current quantity v BATT) and the charge and discharge voltage of the charge and discharge unit to make the team's output voltage DS In this embodiment, the detection signal DS outputted by the comparison unit 〇5 is provided to the control determination module for determining the battery 3G3 power v_BATT state, and is provided to the f electronic device system 301. After that, the handheld electronic device system 3〇ι To the display unit 307 'to display the detection battery power pure % = the result of the test, it can be converted into the ship ___ after the output 'as a peripheral hardware line that requires analog voltage input control. It is noted that, in this embodiment, when the battery 3〇3 V_BATT is lower than the charging and discharging voltage ρ side of the charging/discharging unit 4()1, the side will be caused to cause the comparison of the output of the single unit 4〇5. Measure the voltage Ds level voltage; but from another point of view, if the designer wants to be electricity: the smoke power V-BATT is lower than the charge HVM-RC output from the charge and discharge unit, which will cause the comparison unit 4〇5 When the detected voltage state of the output is high level voltage, 'only need to reduce the f pressure with the round end of the suppression u〇p. 200811462
：I-〇124-TWXX 21316twf<doc/e 比較器COP之正輸入端，並將手持式電子裝置系統301 之系統電壓（亦即電池303電量VJBATT)提供至比較器 COP之負輸入端即可。 控制判斷模組407係用以控制手持式電子裝置系統 3〇1所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號PWM IN狀態， 較單元德所輸出之偵測MDS，以判定手持式 300之電池303電量V—BATT狀態。而為了要更清楚的說 明控制判喃組4〇7之動作流程，叮彳幃其控制判斷模 組407係為-軟體(s〇ftware)為例來說明，但在此並不依此 ，限’广4者當可依據實際需求，並符合以下例舉之精神 日守，對下述實施例稍作修飾或運用其它可實行之方 代，惟其仍屬於本發明之範圍·· 曰 百无 一伙不只鞑例之手持式電子裝置300之架構，1 ==14()7編娘樹科㈣置系統 X^ »寬度調變訊號觸-取之工作週期D為 為:二方電單&賴所輸出的充放電壓卩德义係 二且當手持式電子衫系統別所提供的脈波 電之工作週期D為γ%時，其充放 充放電壓PWM-RC係她特，並 -=:==二提1的脈波寬度調變訊號 出的充放麵_ γ，及z係小於等於觸之正數。特，、中，上述之x、 故依據上述之條件設定後，控制判斷模組術係可將 ：I-0124-TWXx 21316twf.doc/e 200811462 電池303電量V—BATT劃分為三個臨界點，以供顯示單元 307顯示其電池3〇3電量VJBATT狀態。接著，假若將上 述X、Y ’及Z值分別設定為75、50，及25時，控制判 斷模組407首先會控制手持式電子裝置系統301所提供的 脈波寬度調變訊號PWM—IN之工作週期〇維持在25%， 且經$測電池電量系統305線路穩定後，控制判斷模組4〇7 係會讀取偵測電壓DS，以判定其狀態是否為低準位，若是 的話，則表示目前電池303電量V—BATT狀態低於25%。 承，上述，若不是的話，亦即偵測電壓Ds係處在高 準位狀態，則表示目前電池3〇3電量V—BATT狀態高於 25%，並且控制判斷模組4〇7會再控制手持式電子裝置系 統301所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號pWM—IN之工作週期〇 維持在50%，且經偵測電池電量系、統3〇5線路穩定後’，控 制判斷模組407係會再讀取偵測電壓Ds，以判定其狀能g 否為低準位，若是的話，則表示目前電池303電量v 狀態係介於⑽〜5G%之間；反之，若不是的話，亦即偵 測電蜃DS係處在高準位狀態，則表示目前電池則旦 V—BAIT狀態高於50%。 电里 接著，當目前電池303電量ν—ΒΑπ狀態高於戰 守，控制判斷杈組407會接續控制手持式電子裝 所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號PWM—ΙΝ之工作週期d、 ，75%，且經偵測電池電量系統3〇5線路後制判 = 4==測電壓DS，以判定其狀態= -丰位，右疋的洁，則表示目前電池3〇3電量狀 18 21316twf.doc/e:I-〇124-TWXX 21316twf<doc/e The positive input of the comparator COP, and the system voltage of the handheld electronic device system 301 (that is, the battery 303 power VJBATT) is provided to the negative input terminal of the comparator COP. . The control judging module 407 is configured to control the pulse width modulation signal PWM IN state provided by the handheld electronic device system 3〇1, and compare the detected MDS outputted by the unit to determine the battery 303 power of the handheld 300. - BATT status. In order to explain the operation flow of the control group 4〇7 more clearly, the control judgment module 407 is described as an example of a software (s〇ftware), but it is not limited thereto. The following can be modified according to the actual needs and the following examples, and the other embodiments can be modified or used. However, it still belongs to the scope of the present invention. Not only the architecture of the handheld electronic device 300 of the example, 1 == 14 () 7 series mother tree (four) set system X ^ » width modulation signal touch - take the work cycle D for: two side electric single & Lai The output charging and discharging voltage is the second and when the duty cycle D of the pulse wave power provided by the handheld electronic shirt system is γ%, the charging and discharging voltage PWM-RC is special, and -=: == Two-to-one 1 pulse-width modulation signal out of the charging and discharging surface _ γ, and z-system is less than or equal to the positive number. In particular, the above, x, so according to the above conditions, the control judgment module system can: I-0124-TWXx 21316twf.doc/e 200811462 battery 303 power V-BATT is divided into three critical points, For the display unit 307 to display its battery 3〇3 power VJBATT state. Then, if the X, Y', and Z values are set to 75, 50, and 25, respectively, the control determination module 407 first controls the pulse width modulation signal PWM-IN provided by the handheld electronic device system 301. After the duty cycle is maintained at 25%, and after the battery level system 305 is stabilized, the control judgment module 4〇7 will read the detection voltage DS to determine whether the state is a low level, and if so, It indicates that the current battery 303 power V-BATT state is lower than 25%. According to the above, if not, that is, the detection voltage Ds is in the high level state, it means that the current battery 3〇3 power V_BATT state is higher than 25%, and the control judgment module 4〇7 will be controlled again. The duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal pWM-IN provided by the handheld electronic device system 301 is maintained at 50%, and after the detected battery power system and the system 3〇5 line are stabilized, the control judgment module 407 is The detection voltage Ds is read again to determine whether the shape energy g is a low level. If so, it indicates that the current battery 303 power v state is between (10) and 5G%; otherwise, if not, that is, Detecting the power system DS is in a high-level state, which means that the current battery has a V-BAIT state higher than 50%. Then, when the current state of the battery 303 is higher than the defensive state, the control judgment group 407 will continue to control the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal PWM provided by the handheld electronic device, d, 75%. After detecting the battery power system 3〇5 line, the judgment is made = 4==measuring voltage DS to determine its state = - abundance, and the right 疋 is clean, indicating that the current battery is 3 〇 3 power 18 18 21316twf.doc /e
200811462Ί 0124 TWXX 態係介於50%〜75%之間；反之，若不是的話，亦即彳貞測 電壓DS係處在高準位狀態，則表示目前電池303電量 V_BATT狀態高於75%。 依據上述舉例，其可知顯示單元307係可顯示4種不 同的電池303電量V—BATT狀態，其包括：電量 V—BATT>75%、75%>電量 v_BATT>50%、50%>電量 VJBATT〉25%，以及電量V—BATT<25%，以告知使用手 持式電子裝置300之使用者知悉其電池303電量V_BATT 狀態。 而值得一提的是，本實施例之偵測電池電量系統3〇5 並不需要一直控制手持式電子裝置系統3〇1所提供之脈波 覓度凋變吼號PWM—IN之工作週期d，以偵測電池303電 里V—BATT ’設計者可於一段預設時間内測試，例如可以 ^每分釦測試一次即可，如此並不會佔用手持式電子裝置 系統301空間。除此之外，當設計者欲想偵測更多段電池 3雕03電量v—BATT_時’並不需在更改其内部電路之硬 體線路，且僅需更改控制判斷模組407之程式碼(code)後， 即可達成此目的外，便大大的提升設計使用彈性。 丰技2所述’本發明是提供—種偵測電池電量系統及其 卡& ^弘子衣置。依據本發明的精神，會有下列幾點優點 電池旦、丈位轉換$(ADC)來㈣手持式電子裝置之 / ”里’故以製作成本的考量，其可降低製作成本。 19 200811462 ί-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 2·藉由採用本發明之偵測電池電量系統，以取代習 ^使用的電壓偵測器(voltage detector)來偵測手持式電子 衣置之電’也^^ ’並利用控制判斷模組控紹貞測電池電喪 =二:=1_爾路’僅需經由改變控二 」=、、且之私式碼(eGde)，所以不但可以達到多段偵 、二电子裝置之電池電量外，且更可以提升設計使用彈性。 ^上述手持式電子裝置系統所提供的脈波寬度調^ ϊ式電:電池電量系統’以偵測； …子政置電池電置外，更可以將其轉換為類比電壓 (亦即經由數位類比轉換哭DAC之韓描Λ，L7你炎干 電壓輸入控制的周邊轉硬體線路^ 限發，以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非“ 和r心i何m技藝者’在不脫離本發明之精神 ^犯圍内’當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之= 耗圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者鲜。 … 【圖式簡單說明】 置之圖電=::__來偵測手持式㈣ 塊圖圖3 _為本發明較佳實施例之手持式電預置的方 電路Γ繪示為本發曝佳實施例之_電池電量系統的 20 200811462200811462Ί 0124 The TWXX state is between 50% and 75%. Conversely, if not, that is, the voltage DS is in the high level state, it indicates that the current battery 303 power V_BATT state is higher than 75%. According to the above example, it can be seen that the display unit 307 can display four different battery 303 power V-BATT states, including: power V-BATT> 75%, 75%> power v_BATT> 50%, 50%> power VJBATT>25%, and the power V-BATT<25%, to inform the user using the handheld electronic device 300 that the battery 303 is in the V_BATT state. It is worth mentioning that the detection battery power system 3〇5 of the embodiment does not need to control the duty cycle of the pulse wave 吼 PWM PWM PWM_IN provided by the handheld electronic device system 3〇1. In order to detect the battery 303, the V-BATT' designer can test for a preset period of time, for example, it can be tested once per deduction, so that the space of the handheld electronic device system 301 is not occupied. In addition, when the designer wants to detect more battery 3, 03 power v-BATT_, it is not necessary to change the hardware circuit of its internal circuit, and only need to change the program of the control judgment module 407. After the code (code), this can be achieved, which greatly enhances the flexibility of design. According to Fengji 2, the present invention provides a method for detecting a battery power system and its card & In accordance with the spirit of the present invention, there are several advantages to the battery, the position conversion (ADC) to (4) the handheld electronic device / "in the case", so the manufacturing cost considerations, which can reduce the production cost. 19 200811462 ί- 0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 2. By using the detection battery power system of the present invention, instead of using a voltage detector to detect the power of the handheld electronic device, it is also ^^ 'And use the control judgment module to control the battery stun = 2: = 1 _ road 'only need to change the control two" =, and the private code (eGde), so not only can reach multiple Detective, two In addition to the battery power of the electronic device, the design flexibility can be improved. ^The pulse width modulation provided by the above handheld electronic device system: the battery power system 'to detect; ... the sub-regular battery is placed outside, and can be converted into analog voltage (that is, via digital analogy) Converting the DAC of the crying DAC, L7, the peripheral power transfer control of the dry voltage input control is limited, and the above is disclosed in the preferred embodiment, but it is not "and the heart of the heart" The spirit of the invention ^When the inside of the circle can be made a little more change and retouching, so the invention = the scope of the patent application defined by the scope of the application is limited. ... [Simple description of the diagram] Set the map = :__ to detect the hand-held (four) block diagram FIG. 3 - the square circuit of the hand-held electric preset according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown as the battery of the preferred embodiment of the battery 20 200811462
CI-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e 圖5及圖6繪示為本發明較佳實施例之手持式電子裝 置系統所提供的脈波寬度調變訊號及其對應的充放電壓的 波形圖。 f 【主要元件符號說明】 100、 200、300 :手持式電子裝置 101、 201、301 :手持式電子裝置系統 103、203、303 :電池 105 :類比數位轉換器 205 :電壓偵測器 305 :偵測電池電量系統 307 :顯示單元 401 :充放電單元 403 :電壓限制單元 405 ··比較單元 407 :控制判斷模組 UOP :電壓隨耦器 COP :比較器CI-0124-TWXX 21316twf.doc/e Figures 5 and 6 are waveform diagrams showing the pulse width modulation signal and its corresponding charge and discharge voltage provided by the handheld electronic device system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. f [Description of main component symbols] 100, 200, 300: Handheld electronic devices 101, 201, 301: Handheld electronic device systems 103, 203, 303: Battery 105: Analog-to-digital converter 205: Voltage detector 305: Detect Battery power system 307: display unit 401: charge and discharge unit 403: voltage limiting unit 405 · · comparison unit 407: control determination module UOP: voltage follower COP: comparator
Rl、R2、R3、R4、R5 :電阻 Cl、C2 :電容 21Rl, R2, R3, R4, R5: resistance Cl, C2: capacitor 21