200809124 • (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於具備閥的管接頭，而且是關於即使該管 接頭所連接的流體配管內部的壓力高，也能以輕微的力量 開啓閥的管接頭。 【先前技術】 • 這種管接頭是例如揭示於專利文獻1。專利文獻1的 管接頭之母型構件具有閥支撐構件，該閥支撐構件是固定 在該母型構件的流體通路內，並且具有一端朝向用以接受 公型構件的端部開放，另一端封閉的閥收容凹部。該閥構 件是可滑動地收容在閥收容凹部內，並藉由彈簧朝向閥座 受到彈推。在該閥構件形成有用以連通閥收容凹部內部與 接受公型構件之側的外部的連通孔。當公型構件被插入母 型構件時，該閥構件會朝向閥收容凹部內被推入，並且從 0 閥座離開而使流體通路開放。 亦即，此管接頭的母型構件是藉由連通孔使閥收容凹 部內部與外部連通，使得該閥收容凹部內部與外部的壓力 同等’以減少母型構件施加於閥構件之流體壓力的影響， 藉此便能以輕微的力量開啓該閥構件，且可容易地進行公 型構件之於母型構件的連接。 [專利文獻1 ]日本實開昭5 0 - 5 7 0 2 1號公報 【發明內容】 -4- 200809124 ' (2) [發明所欲解決之課題] 專利文獻1的管接頭是藉由彈簧壓力使閥構件卡合在 閥座’以謀求閥構件與閥座的密封性，但是盡可能不要施 加大的流體壓力’要不然密封性會變差。又，在閥構件的 周圍安裝有密封環，以與閥收容凹部的周壁滑動卡合而謀 求該等之間的密封性，但該密封環有可能會附著在閥收容 凹部的周壁’將公型構件從母型構件分開時，並無法充分 # 進行藉由閥收容凹部內部之彈簧的該閥構件之回復，因而 可能產生洩漏。 本發明是鑒於這種情況，以提供一種可藉由簡單的操 作而實現母型及公型構件的連結，並且可獲得密封性高的 管接頭爲其目的。 [用以解決課題之手段] 亦即，本發明提供一種管接頭， • 是具有相互連結的第1及第2接頭構件的管接頭，其 特徵爲： 第1接頭構件具有·· 具備流體通路的筒狀構件； 設在該筒狀構件之該流體通路周圍的環狀閥座； 設在該筒狀構件內，並藉由對該閥座進行卡合或解除 卡合而使該流體通路開閉的閥構件；以及 設在該筒狀構件的該流體通路內，並支撐該閥構件的 閥支撐構件， -5- 200809124 (3) 該閥支撐構件具有：面向該閥座而開口的閥收容凹部 ’而且是使該閥構件用以對該閥座進行卡合或解除卡合而 能夠位移地將之收容’並且在與該閥構件之間劃分出背壓 室的閥收容凹部；以及可從該流體通路將加壓流體導入該 背壓室內的連通路， 該閥構件具有第1閥部及第2閥部， 該第1閥部具有：具備可卡合在該閥座之環狀卡合面 • 的前面；以及在該前面之該環狀卡合面的內側貫穿該第1 閥部，使該背壓室與該閥支撐構件之外側連通的貫穿孔， 該第2閥部是由彈推手段所彈推而封閉該貫穿孔，且 該第2閥部可藉由抵抗過該彈推手段及施加於該第2閥部 之背壓室內的流體壓力而被移動，使該貫穿孔開啓而使該 背壓室內的流體壓力降低，並藉由施加在該第1閥部之外 側面之該流體通路的流體壓力，使該第1閥部被推到該閥 收容凹部內而從閥座離開。 # 此管接頭當中，在閥構件封閉的狀態下，於該閥構件 會施加第1接頭構件內部的流體壓力及閥收容凹部內之彈 推手段的彈力，該閥構件相對於閥座會受到推壓而確實封 閉，而且要開啓閥構件時，可藉由彈推手段施加於第2閥 部的彈力及流體壓力而推入該第2閥部來開啓閥構件。亦 即，可確實將閥構件封閉，並以輕微的力量開啓。 具體而言，相對於閥座可於該筒狀構件之軸線方向位 移的該第1閥部的周面可具有與該閥收容凹部之周面滑動 的第1閥部滑動面，並以該第1閥部滑動面與該閥收容凹 -6- 200809124 - (4) 部的周面之間所形成的間隙作爲該連通路。 該連通路的其他形態爲，可在支撐構件設置用以連通 位於其外側的該流體通路及該背壓室的小孔，並以該小孔 作爲該連通路。 連通路可實現加壓流體之於背壓室的塡充，並且在第 2閥部將第1閥部之貫穿孔開啓後的情況下，必須使背壓 室內的加壓流體從該貫穿孔的流出可以比加壓流體經由該 φ 連通路流入至背壓室內更爲快速’因而該連通路的流路面 積需要準確度，但是以上述間隙爲連通路的情況下，要正 確形成其流路面積相當困難，相對於此，設在支撐構件的 小孔可正確地製作出其流路面積。 在此情況下，最好更進一步設置：連接於該閥收容凹 部的內周面與該第1閥部之間，使位於該閥支撐構件之外· 側的該流體通路與該背壓室之連通流體予以遮斷的隔膜。 亦即，藉由設置隔膜’上述間隙會被遮斷’從流體通 Φ 路進入到背壓室內的加壓流體便可僅通過上述小孔而流入 。又，由於要正確形成該小孔的剖面較爲容易’因此便可 容易地正確調整加壓流體之於背壓室的流入。 可在該第1接頭構件與該第2接頭構件連結後時’該 閥構件的該第2閥部受到該第2接頭構件而被推入’使該 貫穿孔開放。 藉由如此行，只要藉由第2接頭構件相對於第1接頭 構件的連結操作，便可進行閥構件的開放’且可簡單進行 該連結操作。 200809124 (5) 具體而言， 可以該第2接頭構件爲公型構件，並以該第1接頭構 件作爲具有用以接受該第2接頭構件之接頭構件接受部的 母型構件， 該第1接頭構件在接頭構件接受部與該閥構件之間具 有閥推入構件， 該第2接頭構件被插入該接頭構件接受部內時，該第 # 2接頭構件會經由該閥推入構件推入該閥構件的該第2閥 部而開啓該貫穿孔。 又，在此情況下， 該第1接頭構件最好在該接頭構件接受部與該閥構件 之間具備密封環，該第2接頭構件在插入該接頭構件接受 部內而推入該推入構件之前，該密封環是密封卡合在該第 2接頭構件的外側面。 亦即，是爲了在閥構件開放之前進行第1接頭構件相 Φ 對於第2接頭構件之連接部分的密封，以避免流體的洩漏 〇 > 又最好， 該接頭構件接受部具有相對於該流體通路可朝徑向位 移的上鎖構件， 該第2接頭構件，具有插入到該第1接頭構件接受部 內時會與該上鎖構件卡合’以使該第2接頭構件不能從該 第1接頭構件脫出的上鎖凹部， 該閥構件的該第1閥部，在上鎖構件卡合於上鎖凹部 -8 - 200809124 (6) 的階段，會從該閥座離開。這是爲了可安全地進行第1及 第2接頭構件的連結。 本發明又亦可如上所述，並非伴隨第2接頭構件之於 第1接頭構件的連結動作而開啓閥構件，而是該第1接頭 構件，係具有從該第1接頭構件的外側移動該第2閥部， 以使該閥構件之該第1閥部的該貫穿孔開閉的閥操作手段 〇 φ 具體而言， 該閥支撐構件的該閥收容凹部，係具有：用以收容該 閥構件之該第1閥部的第1閥部收容部；以及可滑動地收 容該第2閥部的第2閥部收容部，且該第2閥部收容部是 具有：當該第2閥部從該第2閥部收容部在該第1閥部收 容部內延伸而位於將該閥構件之第1閥部的該貫穿孔封閉 的位置時，該第2閥部所佔的收容部分；以及接續於該收 容部分，該第2閥部被移動用來開啓該貫穿孔時之能夠達 φ 成該第2閥部之動作的可動部分， . 該閥操作手段，具有從該第1接頭構件的外側延伸於 ^ 該閥支撐構件內，而連接於該閥構件之第2閥部的操作插 銷， 該閥支撐構件具有插銷保持部，該插銷保持部具有： 從該第2閥部收容部朝向該筒狀構件之外側延伸的插銷收 容孔，而且該插銷收容孔，是用以將該操作插銷收容在該 插銷收容孔內，使該操作插銷可藉由來自該第1接頭構件 之外側的操作而被移動，藉此得以進行該閥構件之該第1 9 - 200809124 (7) 閥部之貫穿孔的開閉。 更具體而言，可爲， 該操作插銷是以橫貫該筒狀構件之方式延伸， 該第1接頭構件，係具有設在該筒狀構件之外周面上 而可卡合在該操作插銷之兩端的操作構件， 藉由該操作構件使該操作插銷移動，以操作該閥構件 的第2閥部。 φ 在此情況下，可爲， 該操作構件具有可在該筒狀構件的周圍朝圓周方向轉 動’並且與操作插銷之兩端卡合的凸輪輪廓部，藉由轉動 該操作構件，該操作插銷的兩端會沿著該凸輪輪廓部相對 動作，藉此操作該閥構件的第2閥部。 在如此的情況下， 最好使該閥構件的第1閥部及第2閥部在爲使該貫穿 孔開啓而移動該第2閥部之後會相互連結，當該第2閥部 φ 更進一步移動時，該第1閥部會從該閥座離開而一起移動 〇 藉由如此行，在第1及第2接頭構件的流體通路連通 的狀態下，該第2接頭構件會保持第1接頭構件，以免該 第1閥部不小心卡合在閥座。 再者， 該第1閥部爲卡合於該閥座，且該閥構件的第2閥部 以具有殘壓逃逸孔爲理想，該殘壓逃逸孔是當該閥構件的 第2閥部位於將該第1閥部之該貫穿孔封閉的位置時，會 -10- 200809124 (8) 經由該貫穿孔與該第1閥部的該前面側連通，並且與該插 銷收容孔連通，而當該閥構件的該第2閥部被調整至位於 將該貫穿孔開啓的位置時，會從該插銷收容孔被密封遮斷 〇 亦即，此殘壓排出孔在貫穿孔開啓、閥構件開啓的狀 態（亦即，第1及第2接頭構件連通的狀態）下會被密封 遮斷’但是在閥構件封閉的狀態（亦即第1及第2接頭構 φ 件之連通被遮斷的狀態）下，可使第2接頭構件的流體通 路與該管接頭的外部連通，使位於第2接頭構件內部的殘 壓逃逸，且可從第1接頭構件安全地卸下第2接頭構件。 [發明效果] 根據本發明的管接頭，是由第1閥部及第2閥部構成 閥構件而設定在閥收容凹部內，當閥構件封閉時，與該閥 收容凹部內連通的接頭構件之流體通路的流體壓力以及被 φ 設定在該閥收容凹部內的彈推手段的彈力會將該閥構件推 -壓至閥座，使該閥構件確實位於封閉位置，要開啓閥構件 時’只要抵抗施加於該第2閥部的彈力及流體壓力而移動 該閥構件的第2閥部即可，因而能以輕微的力量開啓。 【實施方式】 首先，利用第1圖〜第3圖來說明本發明之管接頭的 第〗實施形態。 第1實施形態的管接頭2是如第2圖所示，具有作爲 -11 - 200809124 (9) 母型構件的第1接頭構件21;以及可插入連結於該母型 構件之作爲公型構件的第2接頭構件22。 第1接頭構件21是如第1圖所示，具備：有空氣配 管之軟管等的導管（未圖示）連接於一端的第1筒狀構件 70 ;以及以外嵌有套筒78的狀態，藉由螺絲結合於第i 筒狀構件70之另一端的第2筒狀構件80。第1筒狀構件 7 0具備：流體通路72、配設在該流體通路72之內部的圓 φ 錐形閥支撐構件74、以及設在閥支撐構件74內的閥構件 76 〇 第1筒狀構件70與第2筒狀構件80之間是藉由〇 形環82而謀求密封。 在第2筒狀構件8 0當中之套筒7 8的內側部分設有附 錐度的貫穿孔8 6而收容有上鎖構件8 8，該上鎖構件8 8 會卡合在如第2圖插入該第2筒狀構件80的第2接頭構 件22之外周面的上鎖凹部89，以使該第2接頭構件在該 # 第1接頭構件連結成不會脫出的狀態。套筒7 8是藉由設 • 在第2筒狀構件80之端部的止動環90而不會脫出，並且 由彈簧92所彈推而可卡合在該止動環90，在此位置是朝 徑向內側推壓上鎖構件88，並抵抗彈簧92而使該套筒78 朝左方位移，使形成在該套筒7 8之右端內周面的上鎖構 件開放凹面95與上鎖構件88整合，藉此便可使該上鎖構 件8 8朝徑向外側位移。 閥支撐構件74具有圓錐狀部分74-1、圚筒狀部分 7 4-2、形成在該圓筒狀部分之前端的突緣部分74-3 ,在圓 -12- 200809124 (10) 筒狀部分74-2設有貫穿孔74-4，該突緣部分是被夾在第 1及第2筒狀構件70、80之間而固定。在該閥支撐構件 74設有以面向形成在第2筒狀構件80之閥座102的方式 形成開口之用來收容閥構件76的閥收容凹部97。 閥構件76是由主閥部（第1閥部）98及導向閥部（ 第2閥部）94所構成。主閥部98可在第1圖看來的左右 方向（第1筒狀構件的軸線方向）位移，在中心設有於軸 φ 線方向貫穿的貫穿孔96。該主閥部98在其前面設有〇形 環100，可卡合在第2筒狀構件80的閥座102，以進行該 第1接頭構件2 1之流體通路的開閉。 導向閥部94是受到設在閥收容凹部內的螺旋彈簧93 彈推，以封閉主閥部98的貫穿孔96。 在第2筒狀構件80內，有閥推入構件104設在導向 閥部94與設在第2筒狀構件之內周面的〇形環106之間 。閥推入構件104會伴隨第2接頭構件22插入第1接頭 • 構件21而朝第2圖的左方被移動，並且使導向閥部94移 -動，以開啓貫穿孔96。如圖面所示，該閥推入構件1 〇4 是由卡合在導向閥部94的輪轂部分104-1;以及從該輪 轂部分朝徑向外側延伸的複數個輪幅部分1 〇 4 - 2所構成。 接下來，說明第1實施形態之管接頭2的第1及第2 接頭構件2 1、22的連結操作。 第1圖顯示未插入有第2接頭構件22的第1接頭構 件2 1。在此狀態下，導向閥部94是受到螺旋彈簧93彈 推而封閉貫穿孔9 6，第1接頭構件2 1之流體通路7 2的 -13- 200809124 (11) 加壓流體會通過閥支撐構件74之閥收容凹部97的周面與 主閥部98的周面（第1閥部滑動面）之間的微小間隙g ，然後塡充在主閥部98與閥收容凹部97的內壁面之間所 形成的背壓室97-1。 在套筒7 8由使用者朝左方移動’以解除利用該套筒 78的上鎖構件88於徑向之推壓的狀態下，當第2接頭構 件22被插入第2筒狀構件8 0時，在該過程當中，第2接 φ 頭構件22的前端面會與閥推入構件104接觸而朝第2圖 的左方推入。藉此，導向閥部94會朝左方被移動，使貫 穿孔96開啓。 由於貫穿孔96會被開啓，因此背壓室97-1內的加壓 流體會通過該貫穿孔96而流出，使該背壓室97-1內的壓 力降低。藉此，主閥部98會因爲流體通路72的流體壓力 而位移，0形環100會從閥座102離開，使流體通路72 開放，加壓流體會朝第2接頭構件22的流體通路24側流 • 動。如第2圖所示，在0形環100從閥座102離開前的 階段，第2接頭構件22的外周面會在〇形環1〇6密封並 卡合。 當第2接頭構件22進入直到其上鎖凹部89與上鎖構 件8 8整合的位置時，套筒7 8會回到第2圖所示的位置， 使第2接頭構件與第1接頭構件連結。 要從第1接頭構件卸下第2接頭構件時是使套筒7 8 朝左方位移，使上鎖構件開放凹面95與上鎖構件88在半 徑方向整合’以解除利用該套筒的上鎖構件於徑向之推壓 -14- 200809124 (12) ，從第1接頭構件21抽出第2接頭構件22時，導向閥 94會因爲螺旋彈簧93而回到將主閥部98之貫穿孔96 閉的位置。 接下來，利用第4圖〜第9圖來說明本發明之管接 的第2實施形態。 此實施形態的管接頭1基本上是形成與第1實施形 之管接頭相同的構成。 φ 首先，此管接頭1具有：作爲母型構件的第1接頭 件1 〇 ;以及插入連結於該母型構件之作爲公型構件的第 接頭構件22。 第1接頭構件1〇具備：有空氣配管之軟管等的導 (未圖示）連接於一端的第1筒狀構件11 ;以及以外 有套筒1 8的狀態，藉由螺絲結合於第1筒狀構件1 1之 一端的第2筒狀構件20。第1筒狀構件1 1是如第4圖 示，具備流體通路1 2 ;配設在該流體通路1 2之中心部 φ 閥支撐構件14、以及設在閥支撐構件14的閥構件16。 閥支撐構件1 4是如第5 a圖〜第5 d圖所示，具有配 成同心狀的外側圓筒部及內側圓筒部14-2，在該 之間形成有通流路15。外側圓筒部14-1及內側圚筒 14-2是藉由在第5d圖中大致朝直徑方向垂直延伸的連 部14-3而連結。 內側圓筒部14-2具有閥收容凹部26，閥收容凹部 的一端（第4圖的左端）爲閉鎖狀態，另一端（第4圖 右端）爲開口狀態◊又，閥收容凹部26是如第4圖所 部 封 頭 態 構 2 管 嵌 另 所. 的 置 等 部 結 26 的 示 -15- 200809124 (13) ，具有用來收容閥構件之第1閥部的第1閥部收容部2 6 -1、以及可滑動地收容第2閥部的第2閥部收容部26-2。 在外側圓筒部1 4 -1的外周面形成有一對環狀凹槽4 8 ’可 嵌合〇形環28,使該〇形環密封卡合在第1筒狀構件Η 及第2筒狀構件2 0的內周面。又，內側圓筒部1 4 _ 2的內 面具有三個外徑朝流體之行進方向（第4圖的右方）變大 的段差。 φ 連結部1 4 - 3是使橫剖面爲橢圓的插銷收容孔4 9在該 連結部1 4-3的長度方向貫穿，在此插銷收容孔49有操作 插銷50通過。如第6圖（第4圖的Α-Α線剖面圖）所示~ ，操作插銷5 0是使其兩端插入第1筒狀構件1 1之外周戶斤 安裝的操作環52的引導凹槽（凸輪輪廓部）54內。引導 凹槽5 4是如第7圖所示’使其相對於圓周方向具有角度 0，並依操作環5 2的旋轉，使操作插銷5 0在與圓周方向 正交的軸線方向位移。操作環5 2是藉由止動環5 6固定而 • 不會從第1筒狀構件1 1脫出。 安裝在閥支撐構件1 4的閥構件1 6是由具有設在半徑 方向中心的貫穿孔34的主閥部（第1閥部）36 ;以及圓 柱狀的導向閥部（第2閥部）32所構成，分別是在閥收 容凹部內設置成可在該閥支撐構件1 4的軸線方向位移。 主閥部36在其環狀的端面（前面）具有Ο形環44, 該〇形環44可卡合在形成於第2筒狀構件20的閥座46 〇 導向閥部32是如第8a圖〜第8c圖所示，具有軸線方 -16- 200809124 (14) 向孔320 ;設在該孔320之一端，並且朝直徑方向貫穿的 直徑方向孔322 ;以及在該導向閥部的外周面設置成與該 直徑方向孔322連通的環狀凹槽324。導向閥部32是以 由一對〇形環3 9密封的狀態被插入閥支撐構件1 4內， 而且是在此狀態下，由配設在閥收容凹部26內的螺旋彈 簧38朝流體下游方向（右方）彈推。又，導向閥部32是 經由藉由該主閥部36而保持的球形卡合子40與該主閥部 φ 結合，但是該卡合子40是卡合在形成於導向閥部之外周 面的環狀凹槽42內，以使主閥部36與導向閥部32在軸 線方向可稍微相對移動。 再者，如第8a圖、第8b圖所示，在導向閥部32有 會與操作插銷50卡合的半圓狀剖面的凹槽33，設置成朝 向該導向閥部之圓形剖面的接線方向延伸。又，在導向閥 部32之與主閥部36卡合的前端部分形成有環狀凹部326 ，該環狀凹部是經由形成在主閥部3 6的連通路3 7，與位 # 於主閥部3 6背後的閥收容凹部26連通。又，在與導向閥 部3 2之前端相對向的主閥部3 6之內側的對向面是如第4 圖所示設有Ο形環3 5。 在第2筒狀構件20與第1實施形態同樣設有：可卡 合在第2接頭構件22之上鎖凹部62的上鎖構件60 ;相 對於該上鎖凹部對上鎖構件60進行推壓/解除推壓的套筒 1 8 ;以及彈推該套筒】8而推壓至第4圖所示之位置的彈 簧66。又，在第2筒狀構件20之內面設有用來密封可插 入連結於母型構件的公型構件的〇形環6 8。 -17- 200809124 (15) 接下來，說明第2實施形態之管接頭的閥的開閉動作 〇 首先，第2接頭構件22相對於第1接頭構件1 0的連 結操作與第1實施形態的情況相同，第4圖顯示出公型構 件連結於母型構件的狀態。在此狀態下，流體通路1 2內 的加壓流體（例如空氣）會通過閥支撐構件1 4與主閥部 36之間的微小間隙G，然後塡充在位於主閥.部36之背面 φ 側之作爲背壓室的第1閥部收容部26-1 (以下簡稱爲背 壓室26-1 )內。此時，導向閥部32與閥收容凹部26的 內壁面之間是由Ο形環39所密封，塡充在背壓室26-1內 的加壓流體並不會從插銷收容孔49漏出至外部。又，設 在導向閥部3 2的軸線方向孔3 2 0、直徑方向孔3 2 2是經 由插銷收容孔49，使第2接頭構件22的流體通路24與. 該管接頭的外部連通。 在此狀態下，要使閥構件1 6開放時，是先旋轉操作 # 環52 ’使操作插銷5〇從第4圖的位置後退至位於第9圖 的位置。藉此’卡合在該操作插銷50的導向閥部32也會 被移動。此時，經由卡合子40及卡合凹槽42而卡合的主 閥部36’由於在該卡合子40與卡合凹槽42之間有空隙 ’所以剛開始主閥部3 6不會移動，因此導向閥部3 2會相 對於主閥部3 6相對動作，使貫穿孔34與位於主閥部3 6 背後的背壓室26- 1連通。與此同時，導向閥部3 2的直徑 方向孔3 22會在第4圖看來，與位於左側的〇形環39整 合或是較之更爲左側的位置，並且從插銷收容孔4 9被密 -18 - 200809124 (16) 封。亦即，第2接頭構件22的流體通路24會從外部被遮 斷。 在此狀態下，背壓室26-1內的加壓流體會朝第2接 頭構件22的流體通路24側流出，所以該背壓室2 6-1內 的壓力會降低，因此主閥部36會因爲施加在主閥部36的 第1接頭構件10內的流體壓力而朝左方被移動，該主閥 部前面的Ο形環44會從閥座46離開，使得第1及第2 • 接頭構件1 0、22的流體通路1 2、24連通。 爲了從第1接頭構件1 0卸下第2接頭構件22而關閉 閥構件時，是藉由朝向與上述相反的方向旋轉操作環5 2 ，使操作插銷回到第4圖所示的位置，藉此，使導向閥部 32及主閥部36 —起回到封閉位置。此時，導向閥部32 的直徑方向孔3 22會位於比第4圖左側的Ο形環3 9更右 側的位置，並形成與插銷收容孔49連通的狀態。因此， 第2接頭構件內的流體通路2 4會經由軸線方向孔3 2 0及 # 直徑方向孔322與該管接頭的外部連通，使流體通路24 - 內的殘壓逃逸至外部。在該狀態下，若是從母型構件卸下 公型構件，並不會有因爲殘壓所導致的公型構件之破壞等 ，而可安全地卸下。 以上，已針對本發明之實施形態加以說明，但本發明 並不限於這些實施例，而可進行各種的變更。例如，第2 實施形態當中，閥收容凹部具有相對於閥座可於該筒狀構 件之軸線方向位移的主閥部之周面所滑動的滑動面，而且 是經由形成在該滑動面與該主閥部的周面之間的間隙G， -19- 200809124 (17) 使流體通路的加壓流體進入背壓室內，但是此加壓 背壓室的流入亦可不經由此間隙’而是在該閥支撐 使流體通路與背壓室連通的小孔來進行。再者，可 該閥收容凹部的內周面及第1閥部連接而封閉上述 的隔膜，以遮斷加壓流體經由該間隙朝向背壓室的 並且設置上述小孔，使加壓流體僅可從該小孔流入 間隙G的流路剖面正確地形成有其困難的一面， φ 正確地形成小孔的流路面積較爲容易，因此可更爲 調整加壓流體朝向背壓室的流入。又，第2實施形 ，導向閥部（第2閥部）比起主閥部（第1閥部） 位在該母型接頭構件的內側，但是亦可設在其相反 即插入公型構件之側）。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是本發明之第1實施形態的管接頭之第 • 構件的剖面圖，顯示出未連結有第2接頭構件，而 -閉狀態。 第2圖是正在該第】接頭構件連結第2接頭構 態的剖面圖。 第3圖是第2圖的剖面圖，是將第2接頭構件 第1接頭構件並顯示閥開啓狀·態。 第4圖是本發明之第2實施形態的管接頭的剖 並顯示閥封閉狀態。 第5a圖是第4圖之管接頭當中的閥支撐構件 流體朝 體設置 設置與 間隙G 流入， 。要使 但是要 正確地 態當中 是被定_ 側（亦 1接頭 是閥封 件之狀 連結於 面圖， 的詳細 -20- 200809124 (18) 構成平面圖。 第5b圖是第4圖之管接頭當中的閥支撐構件的詳細 構成剖面圖。 第5 c圖是第4圖之管接頭當中的閥支撐構件的詳細 構成的正面剖面圖。 第5d圖是第4圖之管接頭當中的閥支撐構件的詳細 構成側面圖。 • 第6圖是第4圖之A-A線的剖面圖。 第7圖是第4圖所示之操作環的平面圖，並顯示引導 凹槽與操作插銷的關係。 第8 a圖是第4圖所示之導向閥部的詳細構成平面圖 〇 第8b圖是第4圖所示之導向閥部的詳細構成縱剖面 圖。 第8 c圖是第4圖所示之導向閥部的詳細構成橫剖面 ⑩ 圖。 第9圖是與第4圖相同的剖面圖，顯示出第1及第2 接頭構件連結，且閥爲開啓的狀態。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :管接頭 2 :管接頭 I 〇 :第1接頭構件 II :第1筒狀構件 -21 - 200809124 (19) 1 2 :流體通路 1 4 :閥支撐構件 14-1 :外側圓筒部 14-2 :內側圓筒部 14-3 :連結部 15 :通流路 1 6 :閥構件 _ 1 8 :套筒 20 :第2筒狀構件 21 :第1接頭構件 22 :第2接頭構件 24 :流體通路 26 :閥收容凹部 26-1 :第1閥部收容部（背壓室） 26-2:第2閥部收容部 ⑩ 2 8 : Ο形環 32 :導向閥部（第2閥部） 33 :凹槽 3 4 :貫穿孔 3 5 : Ο形環 36 :主閥部（第1閥部） 37 :連通路 3 8 :螺旋彈簧 3 9 : Ο形環 -22- 200809124 (20) 40 :卡合子 42:環狀凹槽（卡合凹槽） 44 : Ο形環 4 6 :閥座 48 :環狀凹槽 49 :插銷收容孔 5 0 :操作插銷 _ 52 :操作環 54 :引導凹槽 5 6 :止動環 60 :上鎖構件 62 :上鎖凹部 66 :彈簧 6 8 : Ο形環 70 :第1筒狀構件 • 72 :流體通路 74 :閥支撐構件 74-1 :圓錐狀部分 74-2 :圓筒狀部分 74-3 :突緣部分 74-4 :貫穿孔 76 :閥構件 78 :套筒 80 :第2筒狀構件 -23 200809124 (21) 82 : Ο形環 86 :貫穿孔 8 8 :上鎖構件 89 :上鎖凹部 90 :止動環 92 :彈簧 93 :螺旋彈簧 94 :導向閥部 95 :上鎖構件開放凹面 96 :貫穿孔 97 :閥收容凹部 97-1 :背壓室 98 :主閥部 100 ： 0形環 102 ：閥座 104 :閥推入構件 104-1 :輪轂部分 104-2 :輪幅部分 1 0 6 : Ο形環 3 2 0 :軸線方向孔 322 :直徑方向孔 324 :環狀凹槽 3 26 :環狀凹部 G :間隙（連通路）200809124 • (1) EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a pipe joint having a valve, and can be opened with a slight force even if the pressure inside the fluid pipe to which the pipe joint is connected is high. The pipe joint of the valve. [Prior Art] • This pipe joint is disclosed, for example, in Patent Document 1. The female member of the pipe joint of Patent Document 1 has a valve support member which is fixed in a fluid passage of the female member and has one end open toward the end for receiving the male member and the other end closed. The valve accommodates the recess. The valve member is slidably received in the valve housing recess and is springed toward the valve seat by the spring. The valve member is formed with a communication hole for communicating the inside of the valve housing recess and the outside of the side receiving the male member. When the male member is inserted into the female member, the valve member is pushed in toward the valve housing recess and exits from the valve seat to open the fluid passage. That is, the female member of the pipe joint communicates the inside of the valve receiving recess with the outside through the communication hole, so that the inside of the valve receiving recess is equal to the pressure of the outside to reduce the influence of the fluid pressure exerted on the valve member by the female member. Thereby, the valve member can be opened with a slight force, and the connection of the male member to the female member can be easily performed. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Publication No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei No. Hei No. 2008-0224. (2) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The pipe joint of Patent Document 1 is by spring pressure. The valve member is engaged with the valve seat 'to achieve the sealing property of the valve member and the valve seat, but as much as possible, no large fluid pressure is applied. Otherwise, the sealing property may be deteriorated. Further, a seal ring is attached around the valve member to be slidably engaged with the peripheral wall of the valve housing recess to achieve the seal between the valve members. However, the seal ring may adhere to the peripheral wall of the valve housing recess. When the member is separated from the female member, it is not possible to perform the recovery of the valve member by the spring inside the valve housing recess, and thus leakage may occur. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the invention to provide a pipe joint which can achieve a joint with a male member and a male member by a simple operation. [Means for Solving the Problem] That is, the present invention provides a pipe joint, and is a pipe joint having first and second joint members connected to each other, wherein the first joint member has a fluid passage. a tubular member; an annular valve seat disposed around the fluid passage of the tubular member; disposed in the tubular member and configured to open or close the fluid passage by engaging or disengaging the valve seat a valve member; and a valve support member provided in the fluid passage of the tubular member and supporting the valve member, -5- 200809124 (3) The valve support member has: a valve receiving recess that opens toward the valve seat Further, the valve member is configured to engage or disengage the valve seat to be displaceably received and to define a valve housing recess of the back pressure chamber between the valve member; and from the fluid The passage introduces a pressurized fluid into a communication passage in the back pressure chamber, the valve member having a first valve portion and a second valve portion, the first valve portion having an annular engagement surface engageable with the valve seat The front; and the ring in front of it The inner side of the engagement surface penetrates the first valve portion, and the back pressure chamber communicates with the outer side of the valve support member. The second valve portion is pushed by the elastic pushing means to close the through hole, and the through hole is closed. The second valve portion can be moved by resisting the spring pushing means and the fluid pressure applied to the back pressure chamber of the second valve portion, and the through hole is opened to reduce the fluid pressure in the back pressure chamber, and The first valve portion is pushed into the valve housing recess and separated from the valve seat by the fluid pressure of the fluid passage applied to the outer surface of the first valve portion. # In the pipe joint, in the state in which the valve member is closed, the fluid pressure inside the first joint member and the elastic force of the spring pushing means in the valve housing recess are applied to the valve member, and the valve member is pushed against the valve seat. When the valve member is opened, the valve member is opened, and the spring force and the fluid pressure applied to the second valve portion by the elastic pushing means are pushed into the second valve portion to open the valve member. That is, the valve member can be surely closed and opened with a slight force. Specifically, the circumferential surface of the first valve portion that is displaceable in the axial direction of the tubular member with respect to the valve seat may have a first valve portion sliding surface that slides with the circumferential surface of the valve housing recess, and A gap formed between the sliding surface of the valve portion and the circumferential surface of the valve housing recess -6-200809124 - (4) serves as the communication passage. In another aspect of the communication path, the support member may be provided with a small hole for communicating the fluid passage and the back pressure chamber on the outer side thereof, and the small hole is used as the communication passage. The communication passage can realize the charging of the pressurized fluid to the back pressure chamber, and in the case where the second valve portion opens the through hole of the first valve portion, the pressurized fluid in the back pressure chamber must be made to pass through the through hole. The outflow may be faster than the pressurized fluid flowing into the back pressure chamber via the φ communication path. Therefore, the flow path area of the communication path needs to be accurate, but in the case where the gap is the communication path, the flow path area is correctly formed. This is quite difficult. In contrast, the small hole provided in the support member can accurately create the flow path area. In this case, it is preferable to further provide: connecting the inner peripheral surface of the valve housing recess and the first valve portion to the fluid passage on the outer side of the valve support member and the back pressure chamber A diaphragm that is connected to the fluid to be interrupted. That is, by providing the diaphragm "the gap is blocked", the pressurized fluid entering the back pressure chamber from the fluid passage Φ can flow only through the small holes. Further, since it is easy to form the cross section of the small hole correctly, it is possible to easily adjust the inflow of the pressurized fluid to the back pressure chamber. When the first joint member is coupled to the second joint member, the second valve portion of the valve member is pushed by the second joint member to open the through hole. By doing so, the opening of the valve member can be performed by the connection operation of the second joint member with respect to the first joint member, and the joining operation can be easily performed. 200809124 (5) Specifically, the second joint member may be a male member, and the first joint member may be a female member having a joint member receiving portion for receiving the second joint member, the first joint The member has a valve pushing member between the joint member receiving portion and the valve member, and when the second joint member is inserted into the joint member receiving portion, the #2 joint member is pushed into the valve member via the valve pushing member. The second valve portion opens the through hole. Further, in this case, it is preferable that the first joint member includes a seal ring between the joint member receiving portion and the valve member, and the second joint member is inserted into the joint member receiving portion and pushed into the push member before being inserted into the joint member receiving portion. The seal ring is sealed to the outer side surface of the second joint member. That is, in order to seal the connection portion of the first joint member phase Φ to the second joint member before the valve member is opened to prevent leakage of the fluid, and preferably, the joint member receiving portion has a fluid relative to the fluid a locking member that is radially displaceable, and the second joint member is engaged with the locking member when inserted into the first joint member receiving portion to prevent the second joint member from being disconnected from the first joint The locking recessed portion of the member, the first valve portion of the valve member is separated from the valve seat when the locking member is engaged with the locking recess -8 - 200809124 (6). This is for the purpose of safely connecting the first and second joint members. Further, in the present invention, as described above, the first joint member may be opened from the outside of the first joint member without opening the valve member in conjunction with the connection operation of the first joint member to the first joint member. a valve operating means for opening and closing the through hole of the first valve portion of the valve member, specifically, the valve receiving recess of the valve supporting member is configured to receive the valve member a first valve portion accommodating portion of the first valve portion; and a second valve portion accommodating portion slidably accommodating the second valve portion, wherein the second valve portion accommodating portion has the second valve portion When the second valve portion accommodating portion extends in the first valve portion accommodating portion and is located at a position where the through hole of the first valve portion of the valve member is closed, the accommodating portion occupied by the second valve portion; and the splicing portion In the accommodating portion, the second valve portion is moved to open the through hole to reach a movable portion of the second valve portion. The valve operating means extends from the outside of the first joint member. ^ in the valve support member, and connected to the second valve portion of the valve member a latch holding portion having a latch receiving portion having a latch receiving hole extending from the second valve portion housing portion toward the outer side of the tubular member, and the latch receiving hole for performing the operation The latch is housed in the latch receiving hole, so that the operation latch can be moved by an operation from the outer side of the first joint member, thereby performing the valve portion of the valve member of the first 9 - 200809124 (7) Opening and closing of the through hole. More specifically, the operation pin may extend across the tubular member, and the first joint member may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular member to be engageable in the operation latch The operating member of the end moves the operating pin by the operating member to operate the second valve portion of the valve member. φ In this case, the operating member may have a cam profile portion that is rotatable in the circumferential direction around the cylindrical member and engages with both ends of the operation pin, and the operation latch is rotated by the operation member Both ends of the valve member are opposed to each other along the cam profile portion, thereby operating the second valve portion of the valve member. In such a case, it is preferable that the first valve portion and the second valve portion of the valve member are connected to each other after the second valve portion is moved to open the through hole, and the second valve portion φ is further extended. When moving, the first valve portion moves away from the valve seat and moves together. By doing so, the second joint member holds the first joint member in a state where the fluid passages of the first and second joint members communicate with each other. In order to prevent the first valve part from accidentally engaging the valve seat. Further, the first valve portion is engaged with the valve seat, and the second valve portion of the valve member preferably has a residual pressure escape hole, and the residual pressure escape hole is when the second valve portion of the valve member is located When the first valve portion is closed at the through hole, the -10-200809124 (8) communicates with the front side of the first valve portion via the through hole, and communicates with the pin receiving hole. When the second valve portion of the valve member is adjusted to be in a position to open the through hole, the plug receiving hole is sealed and blocked, that is, the residual pressure discharge hole is opened in the through hole and the valve member is opened. (that is, the state in which the first and second joint members are in communication) is sealed by the seal, but in a state in which the valve member is closed (that is, the state in which the communication between the first and second joint members is blocked) The fluid passage of the second joint member can communicate with the outside of the pipe joint, the residual pressure inside the second joint member can escape, and the second joint member can be safely removed from the first joint member. [Effect of the Invention] The pipe joint according to the present invention is a valve member that is formed by the first valve portion and the second valve portion and is disposed in the valve housing recess. When the valve member is closed, the joint member that communicates with the valve housing recess is provided. The fluid pressure of the fluid passage and the elastic force of the spring pushing means set by φ in the valve housing recess pushes the valve member to the valve seat so that the valve member is indeed in the closed position, as long as the valve member is opened The second valve portion of the valve member can be moved by the elastic force and the fluid pressure applied to the second valve portion, and thus can be opened with a slight force. [Embodiment] First, a first embodiment of a pipe joint of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 . The pipe joint 2 of the first embodiment has a first joint member 21 as a female member of -11 - 200809124 (9) as shown in Fig. 2, and a male member that can be inserted and coupled to the female member. The second joint member 22 is. As shown in Fig. 1, the first joint member 21 is provided with a first tubular member 70 that is connected to one end by a pipe (not shown) such as a hose having an air pipe, and a sleeve 78 is attached thereto. The second cylindrical member 80 is coupled to the other end of the i-th tubular member 70 by a screw. The first tubular member 70 includes a fluid passage 72, a circular φ conical valve support member 74 disposed inside the fluid passage 72, and a valve member 76 provided in the valve support member 74. The first tubular member The gap between the 70 and the second tubular member 80 is sealed by the ring 82. The inner portion of the sleeve 7 8 of the second cylindrical member 80 is provided with a tapered through hole 8 6 and accommodates a locking member 8 8 which is engaged in insertion as shown in Fig. 2. The locking recessed portion 89 on the outer circumferential surface of the second joint member 22 of the second tubular member 80 is such that the second joint member is connected to the first joint member so as not to come out. The sleeve 7 8 is not disengaged by the stopper ring 90 provided at the end of the second cylindrical member 80, and is biased by the spring 92 to be engaged with the stopper ring 90. The position is that the locking member 88 is pushed radially inward, and the sleeve 78 is displaced to the left against the spring 92, so that the locking member opening concave surface 95 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the right end of the sleeve 78 is upper and lower. The lock member 88 is integrated, whereby the lock member 88 can be displaced radially outward. The valve support member 74 has a conical portion 74-1, a cylindrical portion 72-4, a flange portion 74-3 formed at the front end of the cylindrical portion, in the circle -12-200809124 (10) cylindrical portion 74 -2 is provided with a through hole 74-4 which is fixed between the first and second cylindrical members 70 and 80. The valve support member 74 is provided with a valve housing recess 97 for accommodating the valve member 76 so as to face the valve seat 102 formed in the second tubular member 80. The valve member 76 is composed of a main valve portion (first valve portion) 98 and a pilot valve portion (second valve portion) 94. The main valve portion 98 is displaceable in the left-right direction (the axial direction of the first tubular member) as seen in Fig. 1, and is provided at the center in the through hole 96 penetrating in the direction of the axis φ. The main valve portion 98 is provided with a beak ring 100 on the front surface thereof, and is engageable with the valve seat 102 of the second tubular member 80 to open and close the fluid passage of the first joint member 21. The pilot valve portion 94 is biased by a coil spring 93 provided in the valve housing recess to close the through hole 96 of the main valve portion 98. In the second tubular member 80, the valve pushing member 104 is provided between the pilot valve portion 94 and the ring-shaped ring 106 provided on the inner circumferential surface of the second cylindrical member. The valve pushing member 104 is moved to the left side of the second figure as the second joint member 22 is inserted into the first joint member 21, and the pilot valve portion 94 is moved to open the through hole 96. As shown in the drawing, the valve pushing member 1 〇 4 is a hub portion 104-1 which is engaged with the pilot valve portion 94; and a plurality of spoke portions 1 〇 4 extending radially outward from the hub portion - 2 constitutes. Next, the joining operation of the first and second joint members 2 1 and 22 of the pipe joint 2 of the first embodiment will be described. Fig. 1 shows the first joint member 21 without the second joint member 22 inserted. In this state, the pilot valve portion 94 is biased by the coil spring 93 to close the through hole 9.6, and the fluid passage 7 of the first joint member 2 1 is -13-200809124 (11) The pressurized fluid passes through the valve support member. A small gap g between the circumferential surface of the valve housing recess 97 and the circumferential surface of the main valve portion 98 (the first valve portion sliding surface) is then filled between the main valve portion 98 and the inner wall surface of the valve housing recess 97. The back pressure chamber 97-1 is formed. When the sleeve 78 is moved to the left by the user to release the pressing member 88 of the sleeve 78 in the radial direction, the second joint member 22 is inserted into the second cylindrical member 80. At this time, in the process, the front end surface of the second φ head member 22 comes into contact with the valve pushing member 104 and is pushed toward the left side of the second drawing. Thereby, the pilot valve portion 94 is moved to the left to open the through hole 96. Since the through hole 96 is opened, the pressurized fluid in the back pressure chamber 97-1 flows out through the through hole 96, and the pressure in the back pressure chamber 97-1 is lowered. Thereby, the main valve portion 98 is displaced by the fluid pressure of the fluid passage 72, the O-ring 100 is separated from the valve seat 102, and the fluid passage 72 is opened, and the pressurized fluid is directed toward the fluid passage 24 side of the second joint member 22. Flow • Action. As shown in Fig. 2, the outer peripheral surface of the second joint member 22 is sealed and engaged with the ring-shaped ring 1〇6 at a stage before the O-ring 100 is separated from the valve seat 102. When the second joint member 22 enters a position where the lock recessed portion 89 and the lock member 88 are integrated, the sleeve 78 returns to the position shown in Fig. 2, and the second joint member is coupled to the first joint member. . When the second joint member is to be detached from the first joint member, the sleeve 7 8 is displaced to the left, and the lock member open concave surface 95 and the lock member 88 are integrated in the radial direction to release the lock using the sleeve. When the member is pulled out from the first joint member 21, the guide valve 94 is returned to the through hole 96 of the main valve portion 98 by the coil spring 93. s position. Next, a second embodiment of the pipe joint of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 4 to 9 . The pipe joint 1 of this embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the pipe joint of the first embodiment. φ First, the pipe joint 1 has a first joint member 1 as a female member, and a first joint member 22 as a male member coupled to the female member. The first joint member 1A includes a first tubular member 11 that is connected to one end by a guide (not shown) such as a hose having an air pipe, and a first sleeve member 11 in a state other than the sleeve 18, and is coupled to the first by a screw. The second cylindrical member 20 at one end of the tubular member 1 1 . The first tubular member 1 1 is provided with a fluid passage 1 2 as shown in Fig. 4, and is disposed at a central portion φ of the fluid passage 12 and a valve support member 14 and a valve member 16 provided in the valve support member 14. The valve supporting member 14 has a concentric outer cylindrical portion and an inner cylindrical portion 14-2 as shown in Figs. 5a to 5d, and a through passage 15 is formed therebetween. The outer cylindrical portion 14-1 and the inner cylindrical tube 14-2 are connected by a joint portion 14-3 extending substantially perpendicularly in the radial direction in Fig. 5d. The inner cylindrical portion 14-2 has a valve housing recess 26, one end of the valve housing recess (the left end of FIG. 4) is in a locked state, and the other end (fourth right end) is in an open state, and the valve housing recess 26 is In the first aspect of the present invention, the first valve portion accommodating portion for accommodating the first valve portion of the valve member is shown in Fig. -15-200809124 (13). -1. The second valve portion accommodating portion 26-2 that slidably accommodates the second valve portion. A pair of annular grooves 4 8 ′ are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylindrical portion 14-1, and a ring-shaped ring 28 is engageable, and the ring-shaped ring is sealed and engaged with the first cylindrical member Η and the second cylindrical shape. The inner peripheral surface of the member 20. Further, the inner surface of the inner cylindrical portion 14_2 has a step in which the outer diameter becomes larger toward the traveling direction of the fluid (the right side in Fig. 4). The φ connecting portion 1 4 - 3 is such that the latch receiving hole 49 having an elliptical cross section penetrates in the longitudinal direction of the connecting portion 1 4-3, and the latch receiving hole 49 passes through the operating pin 50. As shown in Fig. 6 (Fig. 4, a cross-sectional view of the Α-Α line), the operation pin 50 is a guide groove of the operation ring 52 to which the both ends of the first cylindrical member 1 1 are inserted. (Cam profile portion) 54. The guide groove 54 has an angle of 0 with respect to the circumferential direction as shown in Fig. 7, and the operation pin 50 is displaced in the axial direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction in accordance with the rotation of the operation ring 52. The operation ring 52 is fixed by the stopper ring 56 and does not come out of the first cylindrical member 1 1. The valve member 16 attached to the valve support member 14 is a main valve portion (first valve portion) 36 having a through hole 34 provided at the center in the radial direction, and a cylindrical guide valve portion (second valve portion) 32. Each of the valves is disposed in the valve housing recess so as to be displaceable in the axial direction of the valve support member 14. The main valve portion 36 has a ring-shaped ring 44 at its annular end surface (front surface), and the ring-shaped ring 44 is engageable with the valve seat 46 formed on the second cylindrical member 20. The guide valve portion 32 is as shown in Fig. 8a. - shown in Fig. 8c, having an axis side -16 - 200809124 (14) direction hole 320; a diameter direction hole 322 provided at one end of the hole 320 and penetrating in the diameter direction; and being provided on the outer peripheral surface of the pilot valve portion An annular groove 324 is formed in communication with the diametrical hole 322. The pilot valve portion 32 is inserted into the valve support member 14 in a state of being sealed by a pair of ring-shaped rings 39, and in this state, the coil spring 38 disposed in the valve housing recess 26 faces the downstream of the fluid. (Right) Bolt. Further, the guide valve portion 32 is coupled to the main valve portion φ via the spherical engaging member 40 held by the main valve portion 36, but the engaging member 40 is engaged with the annular surface formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pilot valve portion. The groove 42 is such that the main valve portion 36 and the pilot valve portion 32 are slightly movable in the axial direction. Further, as shown in Figs. 8a and 8b, a groove 33 having a semicircular cross section that engages with the operation pin 50 is provided in the pilot valve portion 32, and is disposed in a direction of a circular cross section of the pilot valve portion. extend. Further, an annular recessed portion 326 is formed at a distal end portion of the pilot valve portion 32 that engages with the main valve portion 36, and the annular recessed portion is connected to the main valve via the communication passage 3, 7 and the main valve portion 36. The valve housing recess 26 at the rear of the portion 36 is in communication. Further, a facing surface on the inner side of the main valve portion 36 facing the front end of the pilot valve portion 3 2 is provided with a ring 35 as shown in Fig. 4 . Similarly to the first embodiment, the second tubular member 20 is provided with a locking member 60 that is engageable with the locking recess 62 of the second joint member 22, and the locking member 60 is pressed against the locking recess. / releasing the pushed sleeve 1 8; and pushing the sleeve 8 to push the spring 66 to the position shown in Fig. 4. Further, a ring-shaped ring 6 8 for sealing a male member that can be inserted and coupled to the female member is provided on the inner surface of the second tubular member 20. -17-200809124 (15) Next, the opening and closing operation of the valve of the pipe joint according to the second embodiment will be described. First, the connection operation of the second joint member 22 with respect to the first joint member 10 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Fig. 4 shows a state in which the male member is coupled to the female member. In this state, the pressurized fluid (e.g., air) in the fluid passage 12 passes through the minute gap G between the valve support member 14 and the main valve portion 36, and then is charged on the back surface of the main valve portion 36. The side is the inside of the first valve portion accommodating portion 26-1 (hereinafter simply referred to as the back pressure chamber 26-1) as the back pressure chamber. At this time, the guide valve portion 32 and the inner wall surface of the valve housing recess 26 are sealed by the ring-shaped ring 39, and the pressurized fluid filled in the back pressure chamber 26-1 does not leak from the pin receiving hole 49 to external. Further, the axial direction hole 3 20 and the diameter hole 3 2 2 of the pilot valve portion 32 are connected to the outside of the pipe joint via the pin receiving hole 49 so that the fluid passage 24 of the second joint member 22 communicates with the outside of the pipe joint. In this state, when the valve member 16 is opened, the operation #环52' is first rotated to retract the operation pin 5' from the position of Fig. 4 to the position at the ninth figure. Thereby, the guide valve portion 32 that is engaged with the operation latch 50 is also moved. At this time, since the main valve portion 36' engaged with the engaging portion 40 and the engaging recess 42 has a gap between the engaging portion 40 and the engaging recess 42, the main valve portion 36 does not move at the beginning. Therefore, the pilot valve portion 32 moves relative to the main valve portion 36, and the through hole 34 communicates with the back pressure chamber 26-1 located behind the main valve portion 36. At the same time, the diametrical hole 3 22 of the pilot valve portion 32 will be integrated with the 〇-shaped ring 39 on the left side or the position further to the left side as seen in Fig. 4, and is removed from the pin receiving hole 49.密-18 - 200809124 (16) Seal. That is, the fluid passage 24 of the second joint member 22 is blocked from the outside. In this state, the pressurized fluid in the back pressure chamber 26-1 flows out toward the fluid passage 24 side of the second joint member 22, so the pressure in the back pressure chamber 2 6-1 is lowered, and thus the main valve portion 36 is lowered. The left side of the main valve portion 36 is moved to the left by the fluid pressure applied to the first joint member 10 of the main valve portion 36, and the beak ring 44 on the front side of the main valve portion is separated from the valve seat 46, so that the first and second joints The fluid passages 12, 24 of the members 10, 22 are in communication. When the second joint member 22 is detached from the first joint member 10 and the valve member is closed, the operation ring 5 2 is rotated in the opposite direction to the above, and the operation latch is returned to the position shown in FIG. Thus, the pilot valve portion 32 and the main valve portion 36 are brought back to the closed position. At this time, the diameter-direction hole 32 of the pilot valve portion 32 is located on the right side of the Ο-shaped ring 39 on the left side of Fig. 4, and is in a state of being in communication with the pin accommodating hole 49. Therefore, the fluid passage 24 in the second joint member communicates with the outside of the pipe joint via the axial direction hole 3 2 0 and the # diameter direction hole 322, and the residual pressure in the fluid passage 24 - escapes to the outside. In this state, if the male member is detached from the female member, the male member is not broken due to the residual pressure, and can be safely removed. The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the second embodiment, the valve housing recess has a sliding surface that slides on the circumferential surface of the main valve portion that is displaceable in the axial direction of the tubular member, and is formed on the sliding surface and the main portion. a gap G between the circumferential surfaces of the valve portions, -19-200809124 (17) allowing the pressurized fluid of the fluid passage to enter the back pressure chamber, but the inflow of the pressurized back pressure chamber may not pass through the gap 'but in the valve The support is carried out by a small hole that connects the fluid passage to the back pressure chamber. Further, the inner circumferential surface of the valve housing recess and the first valve portion are connected to close the diaphragm to block the pressurized fluid from passing through the gap toward the back pressure chamber and to provide the small hole so that the pressurized fluid can only be pressurized. The flow path cross-section flowing into the gap G from the small hole is formed with a difficult surface, and it is easy to accurately form the flow path area of the small hole. Therefore, the inflow of the pressurized fluid toward the back pressure chamber can be further adjusted. Further, in the second embodiment, the pilot valve portion (second valve portion) is located inside the female joint member than the main valve portion (first valve portion), but may be inserted into the male member instead of the male member. side). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first member of a pipe joint according to a first embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a second joint member is not connected and is in a closed state. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the second joint in the joint member. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 2, showing the second joint member first joint member in a valve open state. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the pipe joint of the second embodiment of the present invention, showing the closed state of the valve. Fig. 5a is a view of the valve support member in the pipe joint of Fig. 4 in which the fluid is disposed toward the body and the gap G flows in. In order to make the correct state, it is the _ side (also the joint is a valve seal, and the detail is -20-200809124 (18). It is a plan view. Figure 5b is the pipe joint of Figure 4. Fig. 5c is a front cross-sectional view showing a detailed configuration of a valve support member in the pipe joint of Fig. 4. Fig. 5d is a valve support member among the pipe joints of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the operation ring shown in Fig. 4, and shows the relationship between the guide groove and the operation pin. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a detailed configuration of the guide valve portion shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 8c is a guide valve portion shown in Fig. 4 Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 4, showing a state in which the first and second joint members are connected and the valve is opened. [Main element symbol description] 1 : Pipe joint 2 : Pipe joint I 〇: 1st joint member II: 1st tubular member-21 - 20080 9124 (19) 1 2 : fluid passage 1 4 : valve support member 14-1 : outer cylindrical portion 14 - 2 : inner cylindrical portion 14 - 3 : joint portion 15 : through flow path 1 6 : valve member _ 1 8 : Sleeve 20 : Second tubular member 21 : First joint member 22 : Second joint member 24 : Fluid passage 26 : Valve accommodation recess 26-1 : First valve portion accommodating portion (back pressure chamber) 26-2: Second valve portion accommodating portion 10 2 8 : Ο ring 32 : pilot valve portion (second valve portion) 33 : groove 3 4 : through hole 3 5 : Ο ring 36 : main valve portion (first valve portion) 37: Connecting way 3 8 : Coil spring 3 9 : Ring-shaped ring-22- 200809124 (20) 40 : Engagement 42: Annular groove (engagement groove) 44 : Cylinder ring 4 6 : Seat 48 : Annular groove 49: Pin receiving hole 5 0 : Operating pin _ 52 : Operating ring 54 : Guide groove 5 6 : Stop ring 60 : Locking member 62 : Locking recess 66 : Spring 6 8 : Cylinder ring 70 : 1st cylindrical member • 72 : Fluid passage 74 : Valve support member 74-1 : Conical portion 74-2 : Cylindrical portion 74-3 : Flange portion 74-4 : Through hole 76 : Valve member 78 : Sleeve 80: 2nd tubular member -23 200809124 (21) 82 : Ο ring 86 : through hole 8 8 : locking member 89 : Locking recess 90 : Stop ring 92 : Spring 93 : Coil spring 94 : Guide valve portion 95 : Locking member open concave surface 96 : Through hole 97 : Valve housing recess 97-1 : Back pressure chamber 98 : Main valve portion 100 O-ring 102: valve seat 104: valve push-in member 104-1: hub portion 104-2: spoke portion 1 0 6 : Ο ring 3 2 0 : axial direction hole 322: diameter direction hole 324: ring shape Groove 3 26 : annular recess G: gap (communication path)