200532438 五、發明說明π) 【發明所屬 本發明 時監控橋樑 【先前技術 按，台 具有相當頻 、秋季節通 多為東西流 帶來洪水之 工減料，降 不便，在習 橋樑若有毁 能是橋域之 所致，接著 程度，再加 忽，第一， 政府，地方 但若民眾未 ，造成人員 之傷害並無 損表面上若 映，在天然 ，使橋樑之 然發生倒塌 之技術領域】 係有關一種橋樑監控系 狀況即時反應處理之系 統，特別是指一種可即 統型態者。 灣本島 繁的板 常都會 向，水 震盈衝 低橋樑 知技術 損係有 間產生 就必須 以補修 橋標若 政府接 向上反 傷亡， 法彌補 並無跡 災害後 毁損會 ，對人 處於歐 塊推擠 遭受許 流罕父瑞 擊，再 的壽命 中，一 跡可循 位移而 使用水 完工， 有毀損 獲線報 映，補 會產生 ，仍是 象可循 地方政 曰漸嚴 員安全 亞板塊與 運動之地 多颱風的 急，使橋 加上橋樑 ，容易發 般的做法 ，如橋面 不呈水平 平偵測儀 但此種做 ，大部分 後，再派 修工程無 地方不必 最大之受 ，一般民 府亦未派 重’容易 形成莫大 菲律負板 震帶地區 侵襲，加 樑在飽受 本身人為 生斷裂損 是在地震 上產生嚴 狀態，橋 來測量橋 法容易產 都是民眾 由施工單 人進行， 要的糾紛 害者；苐 眾更無法 出專員加 在橋面上 的威脅。 塊所交 ，而且 上台灣 地震或 設計不 壞，影 或趟風 重龜裂 面受力 徵位移 生相當 提起告 位進行 一旦發 ，民眾 二，橋 得知以 強巡視 具有人 界，係 到了夏 河流大 礙風所 良及偷 響交通 過後， ，則可 不平均 之嚴重 大之疏 知地方 補修， 生問題 已受到 樑之毁 向上反 、善後 車時突200532438 V. Description of the invention π) [Monitoring the bridge when the invention belongs to the invention [Previous technology according to the table, the station has a considerable frequency, autumn and winter seasons often bring floods to the east-west stream, reducing inconvenience, and inconvenience. It is caused by the bridge area, and then the degree, and then suddenly, first, the government, the place, but if the people have not, the damage caused to the people does not damage the surface, in the technical field that naturally causes the bridge to collapse] A system for real-time response processing of bridge monitoring system conditions, especially a type of immediate system. The slabs on the island are often oriented. If the earthquake damages the bridge and the technical damage system has occurred, it must be repaired. If the government connects up to fight against casualties, the damage will not be recovered after the disaster, and people will be in the European block. After being pushed by Xu Liuhan ’s father, his life can be completed by using water with a trace of displacement. The damage has been reported by the line, and the supplementary society has been created. There are many typhoons in the place of movement, and it is easy to make a bridge plus a bridge. For example, the bridge surface is not a level detector. However, after doing this, most of the repair works will not take place. In general, the government does not pay heavy weight. It is easy to form an invasion in the area of the Negative Plate of the Great Filipino Law. Jialiang was severely damaged by the earthquake due to its own artificial fracture damage. The bridge method is easy to produce. The construction is carried out by a single person, and the victims of the dispute are wanted; the public cannot even threaten the commissioner to put on the bridge. The block was handed over, and the earthquake or design on Taiwan was not bad. The shadow or the wind was severely stressed. The displacement of the cracked surface was relatively high. Once it was issued, the people learned that the strong inspection had a human world, and it was in the summer. After the river is greatly hindered by the wind and the noise is passed, it can be unevenly repaired. The problem has been destroyed by Liang Liang, and the problem has been resolved.
200532438 五、發明說明（2) 【發明内容】 本發明係提供一種橋樑監控系統，主要係利同單晶片 作為整個系統的架構，其係包括有一控制器，係本監控系 統於單體部分使用單晶片而設之結構，係可接收訊號，並 作判斷後啟動預警及防護功能，且將訊號傳送至PC來監控 狀況；一雷射感應器，係利用接收到雷射筆發出的感應訊 號，再經過比較器之判斷後，將產生之訊號送至控制器； 一應變規感應器，係利用接收到應變規受到震動之應變所 引起電阻質改變量之訊號，經放大器之放大電路放大後傳 至A / D轉換器，經由A / D轉換後將訊號送至控制器；一輸出 模組，係接收控制器判斷後之訊號，依照該訊號所傳達之 指令而啟動、顯示之預警及防護功能系統。 【實施方式】 為使 貴審查委員對本發明之目的、特徵及功效能夠 有吏進一步之目緊解與認識，茲請配合【圖式簡單說明J詳 述如后： 首先，請配合參閱第1圖所示，係本發明橋樑監控系 統之流程控制圖，其主要係利用單晶片來整合整個系統的 架構，該輸入之感測器係有雷射感應器及應變規感應器， 其中，該雷射感應器係利闬接收到雷射筆發出的感應訊號 ，再經過比較器之判斷後，將產生之訊號送至控制器；該 應變規感應器係利用接收到應變規受到震動之應變所引起 電阻質改變量之訊號，經放大器之放大電路放大後傳至 A/D轉換器，再經由A/D轉換後將訊號送至控制器將訊號送200532438 V. Description of the invention (2) [Summary of the invention] The present invention provides a bridge monitoring system, which mainly uses a single chip as the architecture of the entire system. It includes a controller. The monitoring system uses a single unit in the single part. The structure based on the chip can receive signals, start the warning and protection function after making a judgment, and send the signals to the PC to monitor the situation; a laser sensor is based on receiving the sensor signal from the laser pen, and then After the judgment of the comparator, the generated signal is sent to the controller; a strain gauge sensor is a signal that uses the amount of change in resistance caused by the strain of the strain gauge received by the vibration, and is amplified by the amplifier's amplifier circuit and transmitted to the A / D converter, which sends the signal to the controller after A / D conversion; an output module, which receives the signal judged by the controller and starts and displays the warning and protection function system according to the instructions transmitted by the signal . [Embodiment] In order for your reviewers to have a closer understanding and understanding of the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, please cooperate with [Schematic description of J as detailed below: First, please refer to Figure 1 for cooperation As shown, it is a flow control diagram of the bridge monitoring system of the present invention. It mainly uses a single chip to integrate the entire system architecture. The input sensors are a laser sensor and a strain gauge sensor. Among them, the laser The sensor is a sensor that receives the induction signal from the laser pen, and then sends the generated signal to the controller after being judged by the comparator. The strain gauge sensor uses the resistance caused by the received vibration strain of the strain gauge. The signal with a changed quality is amplified by the amplifier's amplifier circuit and transmitted to the A / D converter. After the A / D conversion, the signal is sent to the controller and the signal is sent.
第6頁 200532438 五、發明說明（3) 至控制器，經控制器判斷後再將訊號傳至輸出模組，另外 ，計數器也會不斷地統計橋面上之車輛，將所得之數值傳 至控制器，如果超過預定值，則系統電腦也會做出應變處 置，並透過遠端電腦的監控，隨時注意橋面上之狀況，以 下就各部作詳述說明： 該控制器，係本監控系統於單體部分使周單晶片當控 制器，如LCD面板顯示，整體系統使用PLC當控制器，係可 接收訊號，並作判斷後啟動預警及防護功能，且將訊號傳 送至電腦來應變、監控目前狀況； 該雷射感應器（動作流程如第2圖所示），係利闬光 感測器接收到雷射筆發出的感應訊號，再經過比較器之判 斷後，將產生之訊號送至控制器，該雷射感測器係可設有 數組，詳述說明如下： (1 )雷射筆：雷射的原文LASER本來是Light Ampiifucation by Stimulated Emission or Radiatio 白勺 縮寫，意即「誘導放射所引起的光之放大」，如杲以一道 光來照射基態的原子，而道光的能量與原子的能階插相同 就會刺激原子躍遷至受激狀態，再回至基態並放出與原入 設光同頻率同相位的光。太陽或照明器具發設出來的光， 是由無數不同波長的光波集合而成的，這些光波的波峰與 波谷相互交錯起伏，頻率分佈與能量分佈都不一致；然而 ，雷射光是單一頻率且同調性極高（coherence)的光， 其直進性、準直度、能量密度都較一般傳統光源為高。. (2 )發射電路：係用以控制雷射筆之能樣量，避免Page 6 200532438 V. Description of the invention (3) To the controller, the signal will be transmitted to the output module after the controller judges. In addition, the counter will continuously count the vehicles on the bridge and pass the obtained value to the control. If the controller exceeds the predetermined value, the system computer will also respond to the situation, and monitor the remote computer to pay attention to the condition on the bridge at any time. The following is a detailed description of each part: This controller is the monitoring system. The single part uses the weekly chip as the controller, such as the LCD panel display, and the entire system uses PLC as the controller. The system can receive signals and make early warning and protection functions after making judgments, and send the signals to the computer to respond to and monitor the current situation. Status; The laser sensor (the operation flow is shown in Figure 2), the sensor is sent to the controller after receiving the sensor signal from the laser pen, and then judged by the comparator. Device, the laser sensor system can be provided with an array, detailed description is as follows: (1) Laser pen: the original laser LASER was originally Light Ampiifucation by Stimulated Emission or Radiatio Abbreviation, which means "magnification of light caused by induced radiation". For example, if a beam of light is used to irradiate atoms in the ground state, and the energy of the beam of light is the same as the energy level of the atom, it will stimulate the atom to transition to the excited state, and then back to The ground state emits light at the same frequency and phase as the original incoming light. The light emitted by the sun or lighting equipment is a collection of numerous different wavelengths of light waves. The crests and troughs of these light waves are intertwined with each other, and the frequency distribution and energy distribution are inconsistent. However, the laser light has a single frequency and is coherent. Coherence light has higher straightness, collimation, and energy density than conventional light sources. (2) Transmitting circuit: It is used to control the energy sample size of the laser pen to avoid
第7頁 200532438 五、發明說明（4) 浪費電源，其電路圖如第3圖所示。 (3 )接收電路：光感測器接收之電路如第4圖所示， 係利用運算放大器（OP Amp )作為比較器，當同相” π輸 入大於反相π — π輸入時，輸出為留在高位準的數位號； 反之，當同相Μ + π輸入小於反相π — π輸入時，輸出就轉 換到低電壓位準，當光感測器接收到光時電壓就下降，所 以輸出高位準的數位號。再利用RC做充電，當沒有光源時 ’電容開始放電向電晶體’因為輸出電〉/il過小’益法驅幼 繼電器之貝載’所以利用電晶體將震盈訊號放大電〉Μ ’以 驅動繼電器之負載。 如第5圖所示，係雷射感應器之實施例示意圖，係在 一儀板上裝設排列佈滿了感測器，該感測器在本發明中係 以三個一組橫向並列為例，又以縱向排列十五組之方式， 但並不以此數量為限，係可以所需求而設置為更多組數， 向該為：於同一姐横向並列的感測器中，任何一個感測器接 收到雷射光的照射後，係均發出相同的訊號至比較器及控 制器，如此可增加雷射光之照射接收範圍，又該雪射光最 初的照射點設在X0下陷程度為0 (如圖5-1 )，在第一年過 後照射處形成在a處，我們可量出其相對下陷程度為X 1 ( 如圖5 - 2 )，第二年照射處形成在2 a處（如圖5 - 3 )，我們 可量出其相對下陷程度為X2，以此.類推，第η年照射處為 na，其下陷程度為Χη，可預測η+1年時的下陷.程度，以備 通知監控中心儘早做出維修處理。 如第6圖所示，係本發明中之雷射感應器裝設於橋墩Page 7 200532438 V. Description of the invention (4) Wasted power, the circuit diagram is shown in Figure 3. (3) Receiving circuit: As shown in Figure 4, the receiving circuit of the optical sensor uses an operational amplifier (OP Amp) as a comparator. When the in-phase "π input is greater than the inverting π-π input, the output is left at High-level digital number; conversely, when the in-phase M + π input is less than the inverse π-π input, the output is switched to the low voltage level, and the voltage drops when the light sensor receives the light, so the high level output Digital number. Then use RC for charging. When there is no light source, the capacitor starts to discharge to the transistor. Because the output power is> / il is too small. 'To drive the load of the relay. As shown in Figure 5, a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a laser sensor is based on the installation and arrangement of sensors on an instrument board. The sensor is based on the present invention. A group of three horizontally side by side is taken as an example, and a group of fifteen groups is arranged vertically, but it is not limited to this number. It can be set to a larger number of groups as required. It should be: horizontally side by side with the same sister. Any one of the sensors After receiving the laser light, they all send the same signal to the comparator and controller. This can increase the laser light receiving range, and the initial irradiation point of the snow light is set to X0 sag to 0 (see Figure 5) -1), after the first year, the irradiation place is formed at a, we can measure the relative depression degree is X 1 (as shown in Figure 5-2), the second year irradiation place is formed at 2 a (as shown in Figure 5- 3), we can measure its relative sag degree is X2, and so on. By analogy, the irradiation position in the nth year is na, and its sag degree is χη, which can predict the sag in η + 1 year, in order to notify the monitoring center. Make repairs as soon as possible. As shown in Figure 6, the laser sensor in the present invention is installed on the bridge pier
200532438 五、發明說明（5) - 亡之不思圖，在各相鄰其中一橋墩之内側面上内設有雷射 筆，又正對於另一橋墩之内側面上裝設有雷射感應器，該 雷射感應器係包含有接收感應雷射光照射之感測器，以及 ^測ϋ之LED顯示器’如& ’在相鄰之橋徵正常未產生相 :位移之狀態了，該雷射筆之雷射光照射在感測器之縱向 二中間處，該相對之L e D顯示器會顯示發亮，係可將該正 书位置處之LED顯示器設為顯示綠燈之結構型態，而靠上 卷了方之LED顯示器係可為顯示紅燈之結構；態，藉此， 形目鄰之槁U產生相對位移時，由於雷射筆之雷射光照射 示哭下偏私，使人員直接用目視可觀看到led顯 口 口 ίτ受紅燈之狀能， 5 ^ Β- 0,- 心而仔知相鄰之橋墩已產生相對位移 以k日守做出安全處理措施。 用接：Ϊ ΐ : ί應器（動作流程圖如第7圖所示），係利200532438 V. Description of the invention (5)-A deadly plan, a laser pen is installed on the inner surface of each adjacent pier, and a laser sensor is installed on the inner surface of the other pier The laser sensor includes a sensor that receives the induced laser light irradiation, and an LED display 'such as &' in the adjacent bridge sign normal phase is not generated: the state of displacement, the laser The laser light of the pen illuminates the middle of the vertical two of the sensor, and the opposite LED display will be illuminated. The LED display at the position of the book can be set to a green light structure, and close to it. The folded LED display can be a structure that displays a red light; therefore, when the relative displacement of the adjacent U is changed, the laser light of the laser pen is used to show that it is private, so that the personnel can directly use visual observation. Observed that the LED was exposed to a red light, 5 ^ Β-0,-I knew that the adjacent bridge pier had produced a relative displacement, and made a safe treatment by k-day guard. Connected by: Ϊ ΐ: ί reactor (action flow chart shown in Figure 7), is for profit
說，經取人器心放大電路引起電阻質改變量之訊 轉換後將訊號送至控制哭，=寻至A/D轉換器’經田A/D ("應變規：如/Γ月如下： 動訊號有报好的晉例效田:：係應變規的構造，其對振 f器，係在絕緣材料點：产产2創作採周應變規做為感 i呂辖，然後利用光钱的方ίί二有0.oooo〇im的金屬電阻 电阻’之後再連接導線：金屬電阻鋁箱片上多餘的 變量是非常微弱的，：須；：變規的應變所引起電阻質改 (2 )放大器：於本創竹放大器放大其訊號。 ，其電路如第9圖所示。 斤使用的儀表放大器是…621Say, after the signal conversion of the resistance change caused by the human amplifier circuit is sent, the signal is sent to the control cry, = to the A / D converter 'Jingtian A / D (" strain gauge: such as / Γmonth is as follows : The dynamic signal has a good example of the effectiveness of the field :: The structure of the strain gauge, its anti-vibrator, is tied to the point of insulation material: production and production 2 creative mining week strain gauge as a sense, and then use light money Fang Liao Er has a metal resistance resistor of 0.oooo〇im, and then connect the wires: the excess variable on the aluminum box of the metal resistance is very weak, and must be: the resistance of the modified strain caused by the abnormal strain (2) amplifier : Amplify the signal in the original bamboo amplifier. The circuit is shown in Figure 9. The instrumentation amplifier used is 621
200532438 五、發明說明（6) 輸出模組，係接收控制器判斷後之訊號，依照該訊號 所傳達之指令而啟動、顯示之預警及防護功能系統，如： 閘門控制開關、語音裝置、L E D字幕顯示器及計數器（動 作流程圖如第1 0圖所示）等裝置。 藉上述之構件，當該雷射感應器及應變規感應器感測 到橋面凹陷不平或橋墩裸露到一定程度而有危險之虞時， 該雷射感應器係利同接收到雷射筆發出的位移感應訊號， 再經過比較器之判斷後，將產生之訊號送至控制器，又該 應變規感應器係利用接收到應變規受到震動之應變所引起 電阻質改變量之訊號，經放大器之放大電路放大後傳至 A/D轉換器，再經由A/D轉換後將訊號送至控制器將訊號送 至控制器，經控制器判斷後再將訊號傳至輸出模組，以控 制輸出模組啟動、顯示之預警及防護功能系統，如：具有 計數器計算橋面車輛的流量，做出流量管制，以免負載過 重危險，並σ丁透過語音及字幕看板提出警告發生狀況，再 來可啟動閘門封閉橋面禁止人車通行，又會將訊號傳送至 PC使人員隨時監控狀況，藉此，達到即時監控橋樑狀況即 時反應處理之功效，使災害發生可降到最低，保障人車之 安全。 【發明之優點說明】 藉橋樑監控系統之設置，當該雷射感應器及應變規感 應器感測到橋面凹陷不平或橋墩裸露到一定程度而有危險 之虞時，該雷射感應器係利用接收到雷射筆發出的位移感 應訊號，再經過比較器之判斷後，將產生之訊號送至控制200532438 V. Description of the invention (6) The output module is a warning and protection function system that is activated and displayed according to the instructions transmitted by the controller after receiving the signal judged by the controller, such as: gate control switch, voice device, LED subtitles Display and counter (operation flow chart shown in Figure 10) and other devices. With the above-mentioned components, when the laser sensor and the strain gauge sensor detect that the bridge surface is not flat or the bridge pier is exposed to a certain degree and is in danger, the laser sensor is the same as that received by the laser pen. The displacement sensing signal is sent to the controller after being judged by the comparator, and the strain gauge sensor uses the signal of the change in resistance quality caused by the received strain caused by the vibration of the strain gauge. The amplification circuit is amplified and transmitted to the A / D converter. After the A / D conversion, the signal is sent to the controller and the signal is sent to the controller. After the controller judges, the signal is sent to the output module to control the output mode. The warning and protection function system that the group starts and displays, for example, it has a counter to calculate the flow of vehicles on the bridge and make a flow control to avoid the danger of overloading. It also warns of the occurrence of the warning through voice and subtitles, and then the gate can be activated. The closed bridge deck is forbidden to pass, and the signal will be transmitted to the PC so that personnel can monitor the situation at any time, thereby realizing the real-time monitoring of the bridge situation and real-time response processing So that disasters can be reduced to a minimum, guarantee the safety of people and vehicles. [Explanation of the advantages of the invention] With the setting of the bridge monitoring system, when the laser sensor and the strain gauge sensor detect the unevenness of the bridge deck or the pier exposed to a certain degree and may be dangerous, the laser sensor system After receiving the displacement sensing signal from the laser pen, and after the judgment of the comparator, the generated signal is sent to the control
第10頁 200532438 五、發明說明（7) 器，又該應變規感應器係利用接收到應變規受到震動之應 變所引起電阻質改變量之訊號，經放大器之放大電路放大 後傳至A/D轉換器，再經由A/D轉換後將訊號送至控制器將 訊號送至控制器，經控制器判斷後再將訊號傳至輸出模組 ，以控制輸出模組啟動、顯示之預警及防護功能系統，如 :具有計數器計算橋面車輔的流量，做出流量管制，以免 負載過重危險，並可透過語音及字幕看板提出警告發生狀 況，再來可啟動閘門封閉橋面禁止人車通行，又會將訊號 傳送至PC使人員隨時監控狀況，藉此，達到即時監控橋樑 狀況即時反應處理之功效，使災害發生可降到最低，保障 人車之安全。Page 10, 200532438 V. Description of the invention (7), and the strain gauge sensor uses the signal of the change in resistance quality caused by the received strain caused by the vibration of the strain gauge, which is amplified by the amplifier's amplifier circuit and transmitted to the A / D. The converter sends the signal to the controller after A / D conversion, and then sends the signal to the controller after the controller judges, and then sends the signal to the output module to control the warning and protection functions of the output module startup, display The system, for example, has a counter to calculate the traffic on the bridge and auxiliary vehicles, to make a flow control to avoid the danger of overloading, and can warn the occurrence of the situation through voice and subtitles. Then, the gate can be closed to prevent the passage of people and vehicles. The signal will be transmitted to the PC so that personnel can monitor the situation at any time, thereby achieving the effect of real-time monitoring of the bridge situation and real-time response processing, so that disasters can be minimized and the safety of people and vehicles is protected.
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