200532215 坎、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種絕緣電阻量測系統及其方法，特 別疋私種纟巴緣電阻廣域自動量測系統及其方法。 【先前技術】200532215 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to an insulation resistance measurement system and method, and particularly to a private type wide-area automatic resistance measurement system and method. [Prior art]
Ik著城市建設日臻完善，廣域路燈、交通號誌燈等電 力負载之監控越顯重要。在廣域路燈、交通號諸燈等電力 負載之監控過程中，線路對地絕緣電阻之量測為重要的工 作之一。如熟知該項技藝者所皆知，若於線路上加高電壓 時會有少许的漏電流流過絕緣體的内部或表面。絕緣電 阻則是阻止漏電流通過的能力，且阻值愈大愈好，通常是 以百萬歐姆（ΜΩ)計。 絕緣電阻會因材質劣化、表面附著之有機物、塵埃， 及水滴等而減小，因此需定期量測。台灣之電工法規中規 定，在多雨及鹽害嚴重地區，裝置兩年以上的電燈線路之 絕緣電阻不得低於⑽顧。另外，依台北市政府規定，新 ^低麼分路不含負載，以絕緣電阻計（測試電塵為伏）測 量’每線對地絕緣電阻不得低於10ΜΩ。而農置於路燈個燈 保護漏電斷路器之漏電電流為30mA，開關箱内每一迴路漏 電電流為300mA以上且漏雷景拉錶Λ 7 n · 顏电里符續0·1秒則跳脫開關，以 達漏電保護功能。 上述習知路燈、交通號誌、燈等電力負載線路絕緣電阻 之量測是以人工定期至現場量測，故有耗費大量人力成本 之缺失，因此有必要尋求解決之道。 200532215 【發明内容】 因此，本發明之目的，是在提供一種絕緣電阻廣域自 動里測系統，可預防漏電之產生，並可節省定期至現場量 測之大量人力成本，且可降低電力負載故障機率。 於疋，本發明絕緣電阻廣域自動量測系統用於自動量 測-電力負載之-線路絕緣電阻，其中該絕緣電阻廣域自 動量測系統包含一線路絕緣電阻量測電路、一類比/數位轉 換為、-微處理器，及一通訊模組。該線路絕緣電阻量測 10 15 20 電路與该電力負載連接且用以量測該線路絕緣電阻。該類 比/數位轉換器與該線路絕緣電阻量測f路連接且用以將該 1路、邑、、彖電阻之-類比訊號轉換成—數位訊號。該微處理 …、β類比/數位轉換⑤連接。該通訊模組與該微處理器連 接且用以將經該微處理器處理後之數位訊號透過一通訊媒 介向外傳送。 ' 而本卷明之另一目的，是在提供一種絕緣電阻廣域自 動里測^法，可預防漏電之產生，並可節省定期至現場量 測之大量人力成本，且可降低電力負載故障機率。 :疋本&明絕緣電阻廣域自動量測方法包含下列步 驟、)將-通訊媒介中之一交流電壓轉換並升壓為一直流電 壓，該直流電壓是做為自動量測一電力負載之一線路絕緣 包阻所而之電源，响行—檢知步驟；e)判斷是否需量測該 線路絕緣電阻，·及d)若需量測該線路絕緣電阻，則進行一 線路絕緣電阻量測步驟，藉以根據所供應之一電流與該直 i£十#出σ亥線路絕緣電阻，並將該線路絕緣電阻透過 6 200532215 該通訊媒介向外傳送。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配e參考圖式之一較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清 5 楚的明白。 苓閱圖1，本發明中絕緣電阻自動量測系統1用於自動 Ϊ測一電力負載9之一線路絕緣電阻。該絕緣電阻自動量 測系統包含一整流及升壓電路1〇、一線路絕緣電阻量測電 路11、數個類比/數位轉換器12、一微處理器13、一通訊 10 模組14、一穩壓及控制電路15、一負載開關16、一漏電量 、J電路17 負載故卩早量測電路18，及一控制電路介面轉 換器19。 Θ所示例如可為單相或三相110V/220V/3 80V等交 流電壓之電源81經由通訊媒介82(如電力線）供應至絕緣電 15 阻自動量㈣統1内。此電源81輸送進人絕緣電阻自動量 測系統1内後’可藉由整流及升壓電路i 〇而整流及升壓， m可產生500V以上之直流電壓。然後，此直流電壓藉由 L [及控制f路1 5穩壓後，可產生做為足以讓線路絕緣電 P里測電路11可自動1測電力負载9之線路絕緣電阻之穩 20 定電壓。 。 通訊媒介82除做為外部電源81傳輸進人整流及升壓 二路10之路;L夕卜’更可做為通訊模组^ 4與外部元件（圖未 示）間進行資料通訊之媒介。至於，通訊模組14是以哪 為基礎的電力線載波收發器做介面，其符合全球的電力線 200532215 通訊規格，共有A-band ( 70kHz〜95kHz)及C ba如 (110kHz〜140kHz)兩個頻道。收發器使用雙載頻模式進行可 靠的通訊，A-band主載頻為86kHz，次載頻為78kHz，匸 band主載頻為i32kHz ’次載頻為n5kHz。所以，即使主裁 頻受阻，仍然可以工作，並可雙向傳輸資料及控制訊號， 而傳輸率為5.4kbps。 該貫施例中以線路絕緣電阻量測電路u量測電力負載 9之線路絕緣電阻之前，可先以漏電量測電路17及負裁故 障量測電路18分別檢知是否線路漏電及電力負載故障。妙 後，分別由漏電量測電路17、負載故障量測電路18，及線 路絕緣電阻量測電路11所處理完成之類比訊號經對應之類 峨位轉換器12轉換成數位訊號後皆傳送至微處理器13 =步處理。接著，經微處理^ 13處理後之數位訊號 错由通訊模組14及通訊媒介82向外傳送。 另外，微處理器13亦可發出控制訊號來操控電子式負 載開關心而控制電路介面轉換器19則用以將此控制訊號 轉換成負載開關16真正能接受之適當訊號。 " =閱圖！及圖2’本發明中絕緣電阻自 ::步驟。首先，如步驟2所示，進行-檢知步驟二 知步驟可進一步包 驟此杈 -負裁故ri… 電檢知步驟21及 負載故W知步驟22。然後，如步驟 :緣電阻。若不需量測該線路絕緣Π 步驟二:Τ。若需量 進仃線路絕緣電阻之量測。於是，可藉由所 200532215 供應之電流及前述言+间 ⑴、直*電壓（如5〇〇v)而 阻。 外出線路絕緣電 於在步驟4中包括關閉負載開關 圖5)’因此接著如步驟5所示，依據步驟4中:::: 緣電阻之結果’判斷出是否可復歸。若可復 所示’開啟負載開關6,然後再次進行步驟2及步 = 關f驟。若量測所得之線路絕緣電阻太低，則不可復歸， 於疋如步驟7所示’需通知-控制中心派員處理。 ίο 15 及圖3,前述圖2中的步驟。進—步包括以 下于乂驟。首先，如步驟ο 11 α < ^ Λ 斤不，利用漏電量測電路17 讀取-漏電量。然[判斷該漏電量是否超過—漏電容呼 二若該漏電量並未超過該漏電容許值，則結束此線路漏 包欢口步驟。反之’若該漏電量確實超過該漏電容許值， 則如步驟213所示，關閉負載開Μ 16,並結束此線路漏電 檢知步驟。 >閱圖1及圖4 ’前述圖2中的步驟22進一步包括以 下子士步驟。f先，如步驟221所示，以負載故障量測電路 18讀取負載故障狀況。接著，如㈣222所示，判斷故障With the improvement of urban construction, the monitoring of electric loads such as wide-area street lights and traffic lights is becoming more and more important. In the monitoring of electrical loads such as wide-area street lights and traffic lights, measuring the insulation resistance of the line to ground is one of the important tasks. As is well known to those skilled in the art, if a high voltage is applied to a line, a small amount of leakage current flows through the interior or surface of the insulator. Insulation resistance is the ability to prevent leakage current from passing, and the larger the resistance, the better, usually in millions of ohms (MΩ). Insulation resistance will decrease due to material degradation, organic matter, dust, and water droplets attached to the surface. Therefore, periodic measurement is required. Taiwan's electrician regulations stipulate that in rainy and salt-stricken areas, the insulation resistance of lamp lines installed for more than two years must not be less than contempt. In addition, according to the regulations of the Taipei City Government, the new low-frequency branch circuit does not contain a load, and the insulation resistance meter (testing dust is volts) to measure the insulation resistance of each line to ground must not be less than 10MΩ. On the other hand, the leakage current of the earth leakage protection circuit breaker of the street lamp is 30mA, the leakage current of each circuit in the switch box is more than 300mA, and the Lei Jing pull watch Λ 7 n Switch to achieve leakage protection. The above-mentioned measurement of the insulation resistance of electric load lines such as conventional street lamps, traffic signs, and lamps is measured manually and regularly to the site. Therefore, there is a lack of labor costs, so it is necessary to find a solution. 200532215 [Summary of the invention] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a wide-area automatic measurement system for insulation resistance, which can prevent the occurrence of electricity leakage, and can save a lot of labor costs for regular on-site measurement, and can reduce power load failures. Chance. Yu Yu, the wide-area automatic measurement system for insulation resistance of the present invention is used for automatic measurement-electric load-line insulation resistance, wherein the wide-area automatic measurement system for insulation resistance includes a line insulation resistance measurement circuit, an analog / digital Converted to,-microprocessor, and a communication module. The line insulation resistance measurement 10 15 20 is connected to the electric load and is used to measure the line insulation resistance. This analog / digital converter is connected to the f-channel insulation resistance measurement line and is used to convert the-analog signal of the 1-channel, cymbal, and cymbal resistance into a -digital signal. This micro processing ..., β analog / digital conversion ⑤ connection. The communication module is connected to the microprocessor and is used to transmit the digital signals processed by the microprocessor to the outside through a communication medium. '' Another purpose of this volume is to provide a wide-area automatic measurement method for insulation resistance, which can prevent the occurrence of electricity leakage, save a lot of labor costs for regular on-site measurement, and reduce the probability of power load failure. : 疋 本 & Ming Insulation Resistance Wide Area Automatic Measurement Method includes the following steps: 1) Convert and boost one of the AC voltage in the communication medium to DC voltage, which is used as an automatic measurement of an electrical load The power source of a line insulation package, the response-detection step; e) determine whether the line insulation resistance needs to be measured, and d) if the line insulation resistance needs to be measured, perform a line insulation resistance measurement In step, according to one of the supplied currents, the insulation resistance of the line is outputted from the straight line, and the insulation resistance of the line is transmitted through the communication medium. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of the present invention will be clearly understood in the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, an automatic insulation resistance measurement system 1 in the present invention is used to automatically measure a line insulation resistance of an electric load 9. The insulation resistance automatic measurement system includes a rectifier and booster circuit 10, a line insulation resistance measurement circuit 11, several analog / digital converters 12, a microprocessor 13, a communication module 10, and a stable circuit. The voltage and control circuit 15, a load switch 16, a leakage current, the J circuit 17 load early measurement circuit 18, and a control circuit interface converter 19. Θ indicates, for example, that a single-phase or three-phase 110V / 220V / 3 80V AC voltage power source 81 is supplied to the insulation resistance system 1 through a communication medium 82 (such as a power line). After this power source 81 is fed into the automatic insulation resistance measurement system 1, it can be rectified and boosted by the rectifying and boosting circuit i 0, and m can generate a DC voltage of more than 500V. Then, after this DC voltage is stabilized by L [and control circuit F15, it can generate a stable voltage that is sufficient to make the line insulation electrical. The test circuit 11 can automatically measure the line insulation resistance of the power load 9. . In addition to the communication medium 82 as an external power source 81 for transmission into the rectifier and booster circuit two ways; L Xibu ’can also be used as a medium for data communication between the communication module ^ 4 and external components (not shown). As for the communication module 14 based on which power line carrier transceiver is used as the interface, it conforms to the global power line 200532215 communication specification, and has two channels of A-band (70kHz ~ 95kHz) and Cba (110kHz ~ 140kHz). The transceiver uses the dual carrier frequency mode for reliable communication. The A-band main carrier frequency is 86kHz, the subcarrier frequency is 78kHz, and the 匸 band main carrier frequency is i32kHz. The subcarrier frequency is n5kHz. Therefore, even if the main frequency is blocked, it can still work, and can transmit data and control signals in both directions, and the transmission rate is 5.4kbps. In this example, before using the line insulation resistance measurement circuit u to measure the line insulation resistance of the power load 9, the leakage current measurement circuit 17 and the negative cut fault measurement circuit 18 can be used to detect whether the line is leaking and the power load is faulty. . After that, the analog signals processed by the leakage current measurement circuit 17, the load fault measurement circuit 18, and the line insulation resistance measurement circuit 11 are converted into digital signals by the corresponding E-bit converter 12 and transmitted to the micro. Processor 13 = step processing. Then, the digital signal processed by the micro-processing ^ 13 is transmitted by the communication module 14 and the communication medium 82 to the outside. In addition, the microprocessor 13 can also send a control signal to control the electronic load switch core, and the control circuit interface converter 19 is used to convert this control signal into an appropriate signal that the load switch 16 can really accept. " = Read the picture! And Fig. 2 'Insulation resistance from the :: step in the present invention. First, as shown in step 2, the step of performing-detecting step 2 can further include this step-negative cutting error ri ... electric detection step 21 and load detection step 22. Then, as in step: edge resistance. If it is not necessary to measure the insulation of the line, step 2: T. If required, measure the insulation resistance of the line. Therefore, it can be blocked by the current supplied by 200532215 and the aforementioned + intermediate and direct voltage (such as 500v). The insulation of the outgoing line includes turning off the load switch in step 4 (Fig. 5) ', so as shown in step 5, determine whether it can be reset based on the result of the :::: edge resistance in step 4. If it can be displayed again, turn on the load switch 6, and then perform step 2 and step = off again. If the measured insulation resistance of the line is too low, it cannot be reset. Therefore, as shown in step 7 ', the control center needs to be notified to dispatch. 15 and Figure 3, the steps in Figure 2 above. Further steps include the following steps. First, as in step ο 11 α < ^ Λ, the leakage current measurement circuit 17 is used to read the leakage current. However, [determine whether the leakage current exceeds the leakage capacitance. If the leakage current does not exceed the leakage allowance, end the leaking procedure of this line. On the contrary, if the leakage amount does exceed the leakage allowable value, as shown in step 213, the load is turned on and the M16 is closed, and the line leakage detection step is ended. > See Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 'Step 22 in Fig. 2 further includes the following steps. f First, as shown in step 221, the load failure measurement circuit 18 reads the load failure condition. Then, as shown in ㈣222, the failure is judged.
If瓜為何？右為迴路故障，則如步驟223戶斤示，量測線路 絕、’象電阻。右為部分故冑，則如步驟224所示，通知控制 中心派員處理。 多閱圖1及圖5，前述圖2中的步驟4進-步包括以下 子步驟。百先’如步驟41所示，關閉負載開Μ 16。接著， 如〆驟42所不，開啟穩壓及控制電路15。接著，如步驟 20 200532215 ίο 15 20 43所示’利用線路έ '七、、、彖電阻夏測電路11測得線路絕緣電阻 之類比訊號。然後， 一 ν驟44所示’利用線路絕緣電阻量 測電路11所對鹿> # , 〜頒比/數位轉換器12將此類比訊號轉換 成數位訊號，再如+ _ _ 、/ 驟所示，將此數位訊號傳送至微處 U3進仃處理以成為外部控制中心、所能讀取之資訊。接 著，如步驟46所示，關閉穩壓及控制電“，並結束線路 絕緣電阻之量測步驟。 f、、、述本务明絕緣電阻廣域自動量測系統及其方 法可預防漏電之產峰，廿^Γ々々+ + u 八 、 电<座生，並可即省定期至現場量測之大量人 力成本，且可降低電力負載故障機率。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍’即大凡依本發明中請專利 範圍及發明說明書内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆 應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 白 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一硬體架構圖，說明本發明绍络 明絕緣電阻廣域自動 量測系統之一較佳實施例； 圖2是一流程圖，說明該較佳實施例之運作流程· 圖3是一流程圖’說明該較佳實施例中之線路漏電檢 知流程， 圖4是一流程圖，說明該較佳實施例中 知流程；及 圖5是一流程 之負载故障檢 阻量測流程 圖，說明該較祛者—7丨丄1土只施例中之線路絕 緣電 10 25 200532215 【圖式之主要元件代表符號說明】 1 絕緣電阻自動量測系統 19 控制電路介面轉換 10 整流及升壓電路 2〜7 步驟 11 線路絕緣電阻量測電路 21 〜22 步驟 12 類比/數位轉換器 211〜213 步驟 13 微處理器 221〜224 步驟 14 通訊模組 4 1 〜46 步驟 15 穩壓及控制電路 81 電源 16 負載開關 82 通訊媒介 17 漏電量測電路 9 電力負载 18 負載故障量測電路What if melon? On the right is the circuit fault. As shown in step 223, measure the line insulation and the image resistance. The part on the right is part of the reason, and as shown in step 224, the control center is notified to dispatch a process. Read Figure 1 and Figure 5 more. Step 4 in Figure 2 mentioned above includes the following sub-steps. Baixian ', as shown in step 41, turns off the load and opens M16. Then, as in step 42, the voltage stabilization and control circuit 15 is turned on. Next, as shown in step 20 200532215 ίο 15 20 43 ′, the analog signal of the line insulation resistance is measured by using the circuit VII,, and 夏 resistance summer test circuit 11. Then, as shown in step ν 44, 'use the line insulation resistance measurement circuit 11 to deer> #, ~ award ratio / digital converter 12 to convert such ratio signals into digital signals, as + + _, / steps The digital signal is sent to U3, a micro office, where it is processed to become an external control center and can read the information. Next, as shown in step 46, turn off the voltage stabilization and control power, and end the measurement steps of the line insulation resistance. F ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, and and thrmthst, Insulation resistance wide-area automatic measurement systems and methods, which can prevent leakage Peak, 廿 ^ Γ々々 + + u 8. Electricity < Electricity generation, and can save a lot of labor costs for regular on-site measurement, and can reduce the probability of power load failure. However, the above is only the present invention Only the preferred embodiment, when the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited in this way, that is, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent and the description of the invention in the present invention should still be covered by the patent of the present invention White [Brief description of the diagram] Figure 1 is a hardware architecture diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the Shao Luoming insulation resistance wide-area automatic measurement system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating the comparison Operation flow of the preferred embodiment FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the line leakage detection flow in the preferred embodiment, FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the known flow in the preferred embodiment; and FIG. 5 is a flowchart Process load failure The flow chart of resistance measurement and measurement, to explain the competitor—7 丨 丄 1 The line insulation in the example 10 25 200532215 [Description of the main components of the diagram] 1 Insulation resistance automatic measurement system 19 Control circuit interface Conversion 10 Rectifier and Booster Circuit 2 ~ 7 Step 11 Line Insulation Resistance Measurement Circuit 21 ~ 22 Step 12 Analog / Digital Converter 211 ~ 213 Step 13 Microprocessor 221 ~ 224 Step 14 Communication Module 4 1 ~ 46 Step 15 Stabilization and control circuit 81 Power supply 16 Load switch 82 Communication medium 17 Leakage measurement circuit 9 Electric load 18 Load fault measurement circuit