TW200426408A - Multifunction light guiding apparatus for flat-panel displays - Google Patents

Abstract

A multifunction light guiding apparatus for providing light spreading, smearing and/or collimating for flat-panel displays is disclosed. Generally speaking, an LCD backlight module for LCD display or LCD TV at least has a light source, a light guiding apparatus, and a reflector layer. The segmental light source generates the illumination, and the light guiding apparatus spreads the illumination uniformly across the display area of the LCD panel. The multifunction light guiding apparatus is comprised of a two-dimensional matrix of lens units arrayed in a moire pattern resulting from the superposition of two arrays of one-dimensional optical elements twisted at an angle. The two-dimensional matrix of lens units could be designed to have a changing lens distribution density in order to form uniformly spreading the illumination across the display area of the LCD panel. An alternate but similar light guiding apparatus for smearing the high luminance of LED units in an LED-based display is also disclosed.

Description

V. Description of the invention 200426408 [Field of the invention] The present invention is generally related to a multifunctional light guide element, and more particularly to a light guide with a two-dimensional matrix optical lens unit. The invention can take into account the flat panel display, and is a light guide element with integrated light spreading, blurring and collimating functions. [Technical Background] As technology advances and prices drop, various types of flat-panel displays have become more and more common. Among several technologies, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have become the most common flat-panel displays due in part to the popularity of computers. In LCDs, the necessary surface light source (surface Ught source) is provided by a backlight module generally called a backlight module. A backlight module must be able to emit uniform illumination light over the entire display area of the LCD. The thin and light forming characteristics of LCD display devices make the backlight module move to a side-mounted long-range light source. Generally, a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) with a suitable length, small size, and luminous efficiency is used as a light source, and then a light guide plate is used to guide the light to form a flat light source. However, this arrangement of side-mounted light sources has its own problems. First, the side-biased illumination light source needs to properly spread the light source over the entire flat display area of 200426408. The light distribution needs to be performed in a uniform manner in order to achieve a roughly constant light irradiation intensity throughout the display area, or a specific illumination intensity distribution shape that conforms to the characteristics of the human eye. The second problem is the deflection of the light transmission direction. Limited by the direction of the incident light source that the LCD module can control, it is necessary to have proper collimation in order to ensure the efficiency of the light source irradiation. Because the incident angle of the light source into the light guide plate is extremely large, most of the light is totally reflected in the light guide plate. Generally, a scattering ink is used to make a light reflective dot coating on the back of the light guide plate to destroy the total reflection of light and lead the light out. The light guide plate, and the dense pattern formed by dot coating these scattered inks behind the light guide plate can also be used to adjust the light intensity distribution of a plane light source. The distribution of these coating points must be able to establish a specific relationship between the distance from the light source and the coating point density in the entire display area of the panel. This allows the required overall illumination uniformity to be achieved over the entire panel display area. The density distribution of reflective coating spots is a parameter that can be adjusted when establishing this necessary relationship. Without these adjustments, the portion of the flat panel display area of the LCD that is closer to the light source will have a greater light intensity than far away. In the example of the LCD panel backlight module, although reflective dot coating is easy to manufacture and not expensive, if the individual reflection of the coating points is not properly blurred, there will be visual problems. . LCD panels are often used to display day-to-day information such as computer applications with many high-resolution details. Such panels are therefore usually viewed at close range. If the bright spots behind the LCD panel are not properly blurred, it will cause the viewer to display the information. Other displays or illumination devices also have the same light spots (or, usually, a relatively small area). Area). For example, LCD TVs, lighting systems using light-emitting diodes, with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are gradually being used in applications such as parent number 4 and> 1 rear light components, and are placed throughout The light point of each LED in the matrix must also be blurred. In addition, when LEDs are used to make display devices, the relatively high luminous brightness of LED pixel units, even at long distances, still has a clear individual discrimination for the human eye. Therefore, LEDs are used in homes and personalization as In basic display devices, blurring of LED display pixels becomes a necessary process. In order to achieve blurring and eliminate bright spots on the illuminated surface of the LCD panel light guide plate, it is necessary to use a diffuser film. Traditionally, there are two types of diffuser films used in LCD backlight modules. One is to use a chemical mineral film method. Proper roughness is formed on the surface. Another method is to use frosted glass interference to make a holographic diffuser. This method of obtaining surface blurring is to weaken the amplitude of adjacent bright spots and blur them to the extent that the human eye cannot distinguish them. Therefore, the light efficiency of the diffuser is not high, and the aperture ratio is an effective light-collecting surface. As a percentage measurement value of the area, since the conventional diffusion sheet is easy to achieve the effect of blurring the light spot by means of amplitude reduction, its aperture ratio for measuring light efficiency is not high.

200426408 In addition, the liquid crystal module will require its light source incident angle to be within the range of +/- 17 degrees, in order to achieve the LCD panel color and light intensity control. Generally speaking, the backlight module will add a brightness enhancement film ( Brightness Enhancement Film (BEF) to redirect the scattered light to an angle acceptable to the liquid crystal module. The conventional backlight module uses different methods for achieving different functions and separating functions. For example, in a typical conventional LCD backlight module, a light guide light guide plate is used to spread the side light sources throughout the display area, and the diffusive dot coating further helps to achieve uniform light distribution. The brightness enhancement film collimates the light angle of the panel. Usually, different and separated optical construction layers are superimposed together to form a system that can provide all the functions of an LCD panel backlight module. [Abstract] Therefore, there is a need for a light guide element that can guide light emitted from a light source in an LCD backlight module, and provide a good average uniformity of light exposure when light is diffused. There is also a need for a light guide element which can provide more effective blurring of the light source illumination in the LCD backlight module to make the image smoother. There is also a need for a light guide element that can provide better collimation of the light source in the LCD backlight module to improve the efficiency of the light source. ^^ A light guide element is needed, which can provide LCD in a single optical structure. Page 12 · 2264264 08 Multiple functions of the backlight module to reduce manufacturing costs. A light guide element is also required. Light element that can provide more effective blurring in LED lighting devices to make the image smoother. Therefore, the present invention can provide a multi-functional light guide element for light scattering and straightening for the backlight module. The multifunctional light guide element includes a two-dimensional rotation formed by lens units arranged in a stack pattern, and the two-dimensional rotation is on two sides of the light guide element. Overlap is formed. God provides a light guide element that can provide blurring to displays that use LEDs to display pixels. [Detailed description of the preferred embodiment] Fig. 3 is a-perspective view 'showing a multifunctional light guide element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The part shown in the figure is a light guide element that is usually made into a flat or curved thin layer. In addition to the light guide secretion, the scale element can also be converted into a straight backlight source. It can be used in the backlight module of LCD display as a light guide plate light guide element with a button purpose, can also be made into a curved shape, and used as a light guide cover for blurring the purpose of a vehicle tail light assembly. A preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as that shown in FIG. 3, has two sides of each of the multifunctional light guide elements of the present invention—groups—dimensional optical elements—. The optical device manufactured by the array may have some system components. The dimensional scale tree array is formed. Page 13 " " --- 200426408 A two-dimensional micro-lens matrix in the light guide element. Through special design, these lens units ( lens unit) can have functions of blurring and collimating the backlight, making the light guide element a multifunctional light guide element. In addition, since the mother lens in the entire two-dimensional microlens matrix of the multifunctional light guide element of the present invention constitutes a 100% aperture ratio, the overall light loss of the device can be minimized. The design parameters for controlling the blurring or imaging use of the multifunctional light guide element of the present invention include the cross-sectional shape of the one-dimensionally extended cylindrical optical element in the array, the interval between overlapping arrays and the relative rotation angle, and the optical element in the array. The distance and extension point curve. In order to illustrate the multi-functional light guide element of the present invention, Figures 1 and 2 clearly define _ of the Fan-dimensional optical element of the present invention. Fig. I is a perspective view showing an array 120 of one-dimensional optical elements 121, 122 '... and 129 in a sheet structure that expands with a substantially curved extension pointing curve. Similarly, the perspective view of FIG. 2 shows an array 260 of one-dimensional optical elements 261, 262, ..., and 269 in a planar structure that unfolds as a linear extension of a pointing curve. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of one-dimensionally extended cylindrical optical elements 121 ', 122', ..., and 129 having the same or similar cross-sectional shapes form an array 歹 12. Following the three-dimensional space coordinate system in the figure'-dimensional optical elements 121, 122, ..., and 129, the -dimensional array 12o extends in the Y direction according to a single dimension, and its _dimensionally extends cylinder The cross-sectional shape 110 of the optical element can be expressed as a function of the X-axis direction, and its light path is miscellaneous on the z direction on page 14, 200426408. The size of the lens' or the "dimensional extension" of the optical element in the long axis 底 direction of the base width 114 can be changed. For example, the cross-sectional base width of the front end of the element 122 is larger than the distal base width 118. In this way, the arrays 120 and 260 in Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively -dimensional structures in the χ direction, and their respective _dimensional extension_optical elements 121, 122, ..., and ⑶ and 26, 262, ... And 269 also have the essence of a single dimension. As shown in the figure, each of the -dimensionally-extended heterogeneous optical broadcasts has a fixed fiber shape on the key of the γ-size sister. In the thin towel disclosed in the present invention, the extension direction of these one-dimensional optical element arrays is referred to as the array's extension pointing curve. In this way, the extension pointing curve 251 of the array 26 is a straight line, and the extension pointing curve ⑴ of the array 120 is a curve. The multi-wei light-guiding element of the present invention has a structure in which two-dimensional optical element arrays such as those shown in FIGS. 丨 and 2 are formed on both sides of the light-guiding element. The thickness of the light-guiding element is a design parameter. The optical properties of the multifunctional light guide element are determined as shown in the thickness 390 of the light guide element 300 of FIG. 3. Arrays of one-dimensional optical elements such as those shown in Figures 1 and 2 can be used to construct light-guiding elements with desired optical properties. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of a multifunctional light guide element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 includes a pair of two similar to those shown in FIG. 1.

200426408 The light guide element 3 () () ^ two arrays 32〇1 ^ ί has a curved extended pointing curve. For example, the curved extension pointing curve 311 of the top-level array 32 ° shows the fact that each one-dimensional optical το piece 32, 322, ..., and 333, which expands approximately in the left and right directions in the figure, has a cross-sectional shape on the right side (Figure) 11 of the middle) is larger than its left. Similarly, in the underlying array 36q, the cross-sectional shape and dimensions of the distal ends of the optical elements 36b, 362, ..., and 371 are larger than those of the proximal end. In the figure, one of the two arrays (32) is superimposed on the other-array (360) at an acute twist angle. This can be seen from the relative intersection between the extended pointing curves 331 and 351. This acute angle twist angle varies with the position of the multifunctional light guide element over the entire area. For example, the twist angle% at the intersection between the optical elements 327 and 328 of the top array 32 and the elements 364 and 365 of the bottom array will be slightly different from the twist angle φ2 ·. Fig. 4 shows the position of the heterobasic nuclear unit of the present invention, the multi-guide light element species, in the matrix. The arrangement of the positions in this matrix is a direct result of the array of two or more one-dimensional optical elements 歹 J overlapping at a twist angle. The overlap of two one-dimensional optical element arrays such as those shown in Fig. 2 and 2 will form a unit optical microlens at the intersection of any two elements (each from an opposite array). The overall arrangement of the stitching units of the overall material saki forms a pattern commonly referred to as moire pattern. For example, referring to Fig. 4, the one-dimensional optical element 324 in the top layer array 320 and the three elements 367, 368, and 369 in the column 360 of the bottom array page 16 200426408 intersect at a twist angle φ and form a three-unit lens. The three lens units 447, 445, and 442 are indicated by circles in the figure. In particular, any two-element milk from the arrays 32 and 36 respectively, like, 325, 327, 328, and 369, and each intersection between them is 44, 442, ..., and 448, which essentially represents a factor. The optical center point of the optical unit formed by crossing. The group of lens units in the matrix becomes organized lines for the human eye, and the combination of all these lines becomes the overall moire pattern. For example, the center points of the lens units represented by circles 444, 445, and 446 in FIG. 4 are arranged to form the conspicuous lines 401 in the entire moire pattern. In contrast, the other line 402 formed by the lens center points 442 and 4 is almost invisible to the human eye. Fig. 5 shows a multifunctional light guide element formed by two overlapping structures of two one-dimensional optical element arrays 520 and 560 each having a straight pointing curve and a fixed pitch. Since the two arrays 520 and 560 both have linear extending pointing curves 511 and 551, and the si-definition of the optical element, the moire pattern appearing on the large matrix of the pro-cells 541 that overlap and overlap is a relatively relatively Regular moire. For example, obvious lines such as 50m are more prominent than 502 and 503. Similarly, FIG. 6 shows another multi-functional light guide element formed by the overlapping structure of two one-dimensional optical element arrays ⑽ and _, each having a linear and curved pointing curve 6 ι and 651, respectively, and having fixed and variable pitches, respectively. 600. However, one of them

200426408 array, 611, with variable component pitch. As shown in the figure, the space between the elements in the top layer array 62 is closer than that in the bottom layer. The overlap forms a moire with curved lines such as 601. In this optical system, as shown in the figure, the line 601 is more conspicuous than the straight lines such as 602 and 603 in the entire moire pattern.

Thus, in the "overlapping structure of a one-dimensional optical element array such as shown in Figs. 5 and 6," all of the two constituent arrays (arrays 520 and 560 in Fig. 5 and arrays 620 and 660 in Fig. 6) The intersection of the components (54, 641) constitutes a moire pattern. Such moire may have graphic properties suitable for the required optical application, whether it is a need for blurring or imaging. Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing a basic optical unit of one of the multifunctional light guide elements of the present invention, and the twist angle between the two constituent arrays thereof is a small angle. This perspective view shows in detail the one-dimensional nature of each of the top and bottom half structures of a basic optical unit of the multifunctional light guide element of the present invention. Specifically, the basic light element unit 709 in the figure includes a top half structure 725 and a bottom half structure 765. FIG. 8 shows the projected shape of the optical unit 709 in FIG. 7 along the light path. The projected shape 780 has a basic configuration of a parallelogram. This can be seen by the sharp angle φ of the contour of the projected shape 780 and its complementary obtuse angle θ turn. FIG. 8 'shows the base layer 79 of the optical unit 709 in FIG. 7 similarly. This base layer is a thin layer of lens medium sandwiched between one-dimensional elements 725 of the top array and 765 of the bottom array. The base layer 790 may be made of an optical medium different from the material of the top and bottom array elements. True Page 18 200426408

Page 19 200426408

Element radius R2 is drunk. The flat bottoms 1117 and 1157 of the two mosquito discriminating structures are joined and overlapped with each other, and the long axes 2 and 1152 of the two are relatively twisted at an angle φ. Consider system 709 in a coordinate system whose long axis is perpendicular to the X axis and aligned with the γ axis. The bottom 717 of the half structure 725 is perpendicular to the Z axis. In addition, the base array half-structure 765 is also aligned in a similar manner in one of its own coordinate systems, as shown in FIG. 7. In this way, the top and bottom half structures 725 and 765 can be expressed in the respective χ-ζ and X, -Z planes as follows: x2 + z2 = Rx2 + z2 = R2 in Fourier optics theory The paraxial and thin lens model allows the system's optical transfer function to be approximated in the following ways:

.x2 .a2x2 l- —l-, b2y2 .labxy .x2, y2 l-γ -l-1 ^ fx ry ^ fy

Page 20 200426408 where "" Ά and Ω are the focal lengths of the top and bottom half structures 1125 and 1165, respectively, and A is the wavelength of the incident light. The parameters "and /" are the equivalent focal lengths of the lens unit in the χ_ζ and Υ-Z planes. According to the _alignment of the element's coordinates, there will be β = cos jealousy and 厶 = sinp. , Parameter / x, y; and people, that is, the focal length of the lens in the coordinate system after the transfer, which is the optical property of the optical system and the straight line, can be used in the following ways to compare with the original tree characteristics Correlation: And Λ / ι / 2 Λ + / i cos2 φ ⑷ fy A sin2 φ ⑶ fm Λ sin2 ^ > ⑹ Notice a measured value of the parameter person. The lens unit 709 formed by the result is 45. If you look at the direction, if you compare the optical system described by the formula (3) in Figure 11 with the following traditional spherical lens with a focal point ..., 200421408 on page 21, X2 + Υ2 ⑺ ff, then XZ The fractional formula of the focal length in the Y_Z plane is especially allowable for the lens unit 1109 to be considered analytically as an ellipsoidal iens. Theoretical analysis of optical aberrations based on the Zemike polynomial , You can allow ff to view items and `` and make it "Astigmatism @ 0. And focal length ”aberrations are defined. In this way, the degree of 9 f of the effective tilt aberration existing in the lens unit 1109 in FIG. 11 can be determined by using the difference between especially Λ. The above formula (7 The phase term of the term to the right of the last equal sign in), after being transformed from the Cartesian coordinate system to the polar coordinate system (χ々 卩 small), becomes the sin2, where 0-smM / A / 2). According to the theory of polynomials, this is the aberration corresponding to "astigmatism @ 0." And the focal length ". According to the above, two basic types of optical aberrations can be found in the lens unit 1109 in Figure 11. Use the appropriate By adjusting the lens parameters including the top and bottom half structures 1125 and 1165, and the twist angle φ, these two basic types of optical aberrations can be manipulated to give the lens unit 1109 the required optical properties. For example, If the twist angle φ is set to 90 °, and ordered, the lens unit blue becomes an approximate spherical lens' suitable for imaging purposes. On the other hand, if the twist angle weight is set to 45., and the bottom half structure of 1165 Focal length β If the ground is relatively small, the overall aberration of the mirror unit becomes serious, and the system can be applied to the blurring test. Page 22 Here you can see the relative twist angle between two or more arrays, It constitutes a useful and interesting parameter for operating the optical system of the present invention without timing. As mentioned above, the twist angle of 90 ° can be used to construct the _set_ lens element, each of which can exhibit optical properties very similar to spherical lenses On the other hand, in the extreme case of zero-degree torsion angle, the result is a special system. This kind of secret should also be considered as an exception of the present invention. In particular, consider-a kind of optical System, the elements in its two complete-like-dimensional optics-niu arrays have a semi-circular lens mirror shape. Let the two arrays overlap at a zero twist angle and the lens mirror shapes of the individual elements of the two arrays Align each other along the light path of the system. In this way, a light system can show a special and useful property that can collimate the light source. Figure 10 shows the pointing curves with straight lines 1011 and 1051, respectively. , And The twist angle between the two extending pointing curves is the overlapping structure of the other two groups of one-dimensional optical element arrays that are approximately orthogonal to each other. Twisting angle, as shown in the figure, where the two extension pointing curves 1011 and 1051 intersect. Figure 11 shows another overlapping structure of two one-dimensional optical element arrays suitable for compensating the lateral light source of the LCD to make the light uniform. The overlapping pattern of the lens unit formed by the overlapping structure 1100 in FIG. N forms a pattern similar to that in FIG. 10. However, the overlapping pattern of the overlapping structure 1100 'has a horizontal density of the lens unit that decreases from top to bottom, which reduces The degree of smallness is higher than the overlapping HGGG in Figure 10 on page 23 200426408. The speed of its reduction can be set to compensate for the brightness distance relationship such as the length of a CCFL that is woven on the edge of the weaving section of the "structure." This can establish the average wrinkle of the long section of the car. Viewing characteristics suitable for the human eye's just need to adjust the aforementioned reduction speed from top to bottom. Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing a basic optical unit integrated into a multifunctional light guide element with a curved extended pointing curve array of the present invention The embodiment shown in its main flat body # / 状, ', Tianjie ® 12 is a one-dimensional optical element composed of two arrays and a moving curve with a curved extension pointing curve 311 and such as A part of the optical system 300. As in the case of the device in FIG. 3, the part shown in the figure is a multi-element that is usually made into a flat or curved thin layer, and its Wei plate structure A roughly rectangular part in the picture. In the figure, a single lens unit _ 疋, which is marked as unit 3009, has a 7L boundary showing a fibrous structure with a lens mirror shape. Figure 3 shows Figure 1 2 The projection shape of the light unit 309 along the light path. The figure shows the corresponding position of the lens unit 309's ㈣381 in the projection 380 of the entire multifunctional light guide element portion 300. In the embodiment of FIG. 12, two The one-dimensional optical elements that make up the array all have variable and wide lens mirror surfaces, and the result is a relatively complex lens unit with a 200424408 pattern on the 24th page. In this type of arrangement, the two offices The relative twist angle measured between the intersection angles of the two long axes 3U and 352 of the top and bottom elements between the rows is the unique angle of the multifunctional light guide element. This can be installed in the figure The two torsion angles at different positions within 300 can still be heard. As with the above-mentioned 'optical system design parameters'-a specific combination of group selection, it can be used to construct backlight modules such as LCD monitors, and diffusers required by the group. Multi-function light guide 7G with specific light blurring function. Similar structure to those of the previous i4, can be suitable for the construction of light guide elements with light blurring Wei. However, this light blurring Ability to easily It can still be further strengthened. Heading 18 is a perspective view, which shows that the multifunctional light-guiding element shown in FIG. 3 has a rough seam area on the surface of the scattered part which can be used to enhance the silky property. The coarseness of each local area Roundness can have any suitable and convenient surface properties. It can be a two-dimensional random roughness through the entire local area, as shown in 1485, 1486, and 1487. Alternatively, it can also be a thick chain area such as 1488 One-dimensional surface roughness. In fact, this one-dimensional surface roughness can be regarded as formed by extending the shape of the lens surface of the optical element 1422, wherein the shape of the lens is in the entire extension range of the lens mirror shape. One-dimensional rough seam area with random properties within a part. The size and shape of each local surface rough area can be adjusted as needed. Note that page 25 200426408 Figure 14 is just used to explain how these local surface roughness areas can be spread on the surface of a light guide element. Unlike what is shown in the figure, more rough areas with different sized shapes and scattered patterns are possible. In addition, the location of these local surface rough areas is not limited to a single surface of the system, as shown in FIG. 14. Opposite areas of coarse sugar on the surface are also tolerable. The appearance of these local surface roughness areas on the surface of a multifunctional light guide element according to the present invention can help to improve the blurring ability of a system designed to provide only the light blurring ability system. This enhancement is particularly advantageous for applications such as high-brightness LED-based lighting and video display devices where the LED light source is blurred. In summary, when used as an averaging diffuser that can blur an illuminating light source with local bright spots, the multifunctional light guide element of the present invention belongs to a device containing a two-dimensional matrix of basic optical units. . Each unit in the overall matrix system of the micro-optical lens is produced by the combination of two sets of one-dimensional optical element arrays on the upper and lower sides. Each one-dimensional optical element is a one-dimensionally extended cylinder. The lens has a specific cross-sectional shape, and the cross-sectional shape extends in the direction of the long axis of the single-dimension to form a columnar body. The twists of the twists of the multi-lobed filaments are overlapped with each other in the shape of a preform, and as a result, an arrangement pattern of the optical lens unit is generated, that is, a generally known pattern. The overall pattern formed by all the lens units can be separated and averaged from the original non-averaged irradiation vehicle. Local highlights on the training surface of the light source

Page 26 200426408

Therefore, it is blurred to the extent that it cannot be perceived by the human eye ^ 'I In addition, since all lens units formed by the overlap of the two-dimensional optical element arrays each have a 100% aperture ratio', the light loss is in the present invention. The lowest optical system can be constructed. Except for the factors of making the material itself, the optical device of the present invention is essentially a zero light loss system. However, in addition, the -plane element also directly contributes to the achievement of the optimal optical efficiency of the optical system of the present invention. That is, the optical device according to the present invention is a special type of phase moir6 optical devices. The optical system of the present invention is said to have a phase moire property, which is based on the fact that the light within the system involves only a phase shift when light passes through the light-transmitting medium of the system. When passing through the optical unit of the system of the present invention, fine conduction involves only simple reflection and refraction-that is, only phase. There is no loss in amplitude that can cause grayscale phenomena. On the other hand, "moire" refers here to its association with the common moire. According to the present invention, at least two or more one-dimensional optical elements are twisted and overlapped with each other so as to "form" an optical system, and the two-dimensional matrix in which the formed lens units are arranged, exhibits itself generally called Mottled graphics. When compared with amplitude moire optical devices, the gray scale phenomenon does not occur in the optical system of the present invention to cause the loss of light energy that would cause the overall optical efficiency to decrease. According to the present invention, the construction of a hybrid phase amplitude moire optical system can be made to page 27, 200426408. Fig. 15 is a perspective view showing a phase amplitude mixed moire optical system according to the present invention. In the figure, a system 1500 according to the present invention has two arrays of one-dimensionally extended cylindrical optical elements having similar cross-sectional shapes. The cross-sectional shape of the optical elements in the array is characterized by a random or predetermined rough shape. From an optical point of view, the cross-sectional shape of the arc portion is mainly used to adjust the phase of the incident beam, which is a necessary characteristic of a phase element. On the other hand, a section with a random or predetermined roughness can shape the amplitude of the incident beam. Therefore, as shown in the figure, each of the elements 1522, 1523, and 1534 of the top array each has a stretch of elongated strips, which have a rough surface 1586 'on the substantially planar surface, although not directly shown in the figure. The strips of the rough surface are similar to those described in FIG. 14 and are used to provide the effect of light blurring. These rough surface areas on the surface of the optical system 150 are compared with the phase-only section of the circular cross-sectional shape, and are the sections for amplitude adjustment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing an application example of the present invention in an LCD backlight module. As shown in the figure, the backlight module 1600 includes a multi-functional light guide element, a reflective layer 1603 ', and a light source 1602. The light source 1602 may be the entire length of the brain edge of the multifunctional light guide element, and a section of CCFL immediately adjacent to the edge. The 1601 series is a multi-functional light-guiding element, and the upper and lower sides each contain two of the aforementioned one-dimensional optical element arrays. For example, an optical system that uses the overlapping structure of the sister figure as shown in Fig. U may be used. This kind of multi-weiwei light guide element band, its top page 28 200426408 one-dimensional optical element 1620 of the array is superimposed on the other array ι66〇, with a base layer 1690 in between. The base layer 1690 may be made to have a substantial thickness as a light spreading layer of the light source 1602. The illumination light leaving the bottom surface of the array 1660 is reflected back to the plate 1601 by the reflective layer 1603, and leaves the plate 1601 through the top array 1620. With a moire that exhibits similar optical characteristics to the moire in FIG. 11, the multifunctional light guide element 1601 can evenly distribute the irradiation light generated by the light source 1602. The lens shape of each lenslet in the entire plate 1601 can be adjusted to achieve light collimation and improve backlight efficiency. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another application example of the present invention compared to an LCD backlight module. The difference between the two systems is the provision of back reflections. In the system of FIG. 16, the reflection is achieved by using a layer of reflective coating 1703 formed directly on the surface of the bottom array 1760. Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an Lcd homogenization 'blurring and collimation layer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The system 1800 shown in the figure uses a flat plate type, and a piece of separated light guide 1804 with a back reflecting layer 1803. The main function of the optical system 1801 is to provide uniformity and collimation during light dispersion. In this way, the systems 1600 and 1700 in FIGS. 16 and 17 can be used as an integrated backlight module, which includes a single optical structure that can provide the multiple functions required by the LCD backlight module. The system 1800 in FIG. 18 also has its uses. Its optical structure 1801 can be used to eliminate the need for reflective spot-like spreading or other similar methods to achieve uniform illumination. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing another application example of the present invention to an LED display. The system 1900 uses a multifunctional light guide plate 1901 similar to the one in FIG. 18 to provide the main function of blurring the high-brightness illumination generated by the LED pixel elements 1911, 1912, and 1913 in the display 910. . In order to satisfy this application, an array of two groups of one-dimensional optical elements that can form a more average moire pattern should be better, for example, similar to that shown in FIG. This is because LED display pixels of the same brightness evenly distributed throughout the display range are used in the device 1910. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in this art can make such changes and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the scope of the attached patents. Page 30 200426408 [Brief description of the drawings] Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings using preferred but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention. Among the drawings: Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an optical element array having a substantially curved extended pointing curve; Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a one-dimensional optical element array having a linear extended pointing curve; Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of a light guide element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 shows a part of the multi-wei light guide element of the present invention-part of the basic optical units are in a matrix Position; Figure 5 shows the overlapping structure of two one-dimensional optical element arrays with two linear scaled directing curves and fixed distances on two scales; Figure 6 shows Overlapping structure of two-dimensional optical element arrays; Figure 7 is a-perspective view 'which shows this-the light guide element-the basic optical unit' of the two component arrays-the twist angle is an acute angle; The projection shape of the optical unit along the light beam; Figure 9 is a perspective view showing the basic wire unit integrated in the light 7L piece of the multifunctional guide according to the present invention, its main planar body shape Details, and the projection shape of its specific optical unit along the light path; Figure 10 shows two sets of _dimensional optical element arrays each with straight and curved pointing curves that overlap at approximately orthogonal angles; Figure 11 shows suitable compensation The special light-transmitting element structure formed by the two-dimensional one-dimensional optical element array of the LCD sister silk uniform light is difficult to stack; Curve _-details of the shape of the main planar model of the light guide element; Figure I3 shows the projected shape of the specific optical unit along the light path in Figure I2; Figure 14 is a perspective view showing the guide in Figure 3 The light element further has a scattered coarse sugar region on the surface; FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a phase-amplitude mixed moire optical system according to the present invention; FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. Structure of an LCD backlight module; FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a backlight module according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a backlight module according to the present invention; One embodiment of an LCD are good sentences page 32200426408, Obscured structure and the alignment layer; fuzzy structure of one layer of the LED display of the present invention according to a preferred embodiment of the cross-sectional view of the display 19.

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Claims (1)

200426408 VI. Scope of patent application The concept of the multifunctional light-guiding element of the invention mentioned in this case has been stated as above, but no matter how it is changed or modified, it does not depart from the essence and spirit of the scope of patent application below. The L-Duowei light-guiding element has an array of first- and second-dimensional optical elements on each of the upper and lower sides thereof: the first-dimensional optical element of the first array, the first array including a plurality of extended cylindrical optical elements. Optical elements: A first extension of the long axis of the Xianlin Pingjian Straight Miscellaneous Optical Element is directed in a curved direction; a second array of one-dimensional optical elements, the second array includes a plurality of extended cylindrical optics Element, the silk element is parallel to each other and is spread along the direction of the second extension of the long axis of the chirped and healthy optical element; the second array is overlapped with the first array, and the two arrays are extended to point The approximate direction of the curve is deflected by the hearing twist; and the overlap of the two arrays expands out a two-dimensional matrix optical effect of a layer with a plurality of lens units. 2. The multifunctional light-guiding element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein at least one of the one-dimensional optical mask array towels has a distribution of a regional surface_part. 3. Apply for the multi-functional light-guiding element described in _2, in which the design of the distribution of these regional surface rough inspection parts is designed to meet a predetermined light distribution pattern when the material system is illuminated by a light source. state. 4. Many of the light guide elements described in item i of the patent application scope, wherein these The cross-sectional shape of the one-dimensionally extended 枉 -shaped optical elements of at least one array of 200426408 is convex. 5. The multifunctional light-guiding element according to claim 1 in the patent application scope, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the one-dimensionally extended 枉 -shaped optical elements of at least one of the arrays is concave. 6. The multifunctional light-guiding element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the twist angle between the first array and the second array is an acute angle. 7. The multifunctional light-guiding element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the twist angle between the first array and the second P train is substantially a right angle. 8. The multifunctional light guide element described in the scope of patent application item 1 can be used in a backlight module. 9. The multi-functional light guide element described in the patent application item 丨 can be used in LCD screens, light modules, and a, as a light guide plate to guide the light source into a uniform flat backlight. 10. The multi-functional light-guiding element described in the scope of patent application No. 1 is a towel that can be used in LCD TV backlight modules as a light-guide plate to guide the light source into a uniform backlight. 10. The multi-functional light-guiding element described in Shen Jing's patent scope item 1 can be used in a light-emitting diode backlight, and the light source is a uniform planar backlight. ---- page 35