200421659 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種燃料電池系統。 【先前技術】 近來，石化燃料的不足以及環境的污染已經變成很嚴重 的問題，而且採用燃料電池來取代石化燃料給引擎或其它 交通工具用，也已經被如火如荼的研究過並經過開發，使 得燃料電池的實際應用已經迫近。 同時，一般用二次電池供電的馬達是以旋轉方式驅動輪 子，這種機構對於動力輔助腳踏車來說已變得彳艮普遍。如 果是動力辅助腳踏車，充電器是連接到家用充電插座上， 使得家用電源能對二次電池進行充電；沒有一種動力辅助 腳踏車是具有用以對腳踏車内二次電池本身進行充電的 燃料電池。 [專利文件 1] JP-A-Sho 64-017379 [專利文件 2] JP-A-Sho 64-071073 [本發明要解決的問題] 如果是動力輔助腳踏車，則車體的傾斜可以很大，而且 因為只有二個輪子，所以車體會翻覆。因此，對安置到動 力輔助腳踏車上的燃料電池進行開發時，在技 得很安全，即使車體有很大幅度的傾斜或是翻覆，:且即 時是在這些情形下也要能運作，進行連續的再次充電，以 反應二次電池的荷電量。 被安置在動力輔助腳踏車内用以對二次電池進行充電 87885.doc -6- 200421659 的燃料電池，以小尺寸、重量輕以及安全的觀點來看，很 需要一種直接改良燃料電池，該直接改良燃料電池具有當 作電解質用的固態聚合物薄膜。 圖4顯示出具有這種直接改良燃料電池產生電源之燃料 電池系統的建議實例組合圖。該燃料電池系統具有一直接 改良燃料電池1、一空氣幫浦2、一甲醇/水槽3以及一甲醇/ 水幫浦4，該燃料電池1具有當作電解質用的固態聚合物薄 膜’該空氣幫浦2供應空氣給燃料電池1的空氣電極1丨，該 甲醇/水槽3儲存當作燃料用的曱醇水溶液，該甲醇/水幫浦 4將當作燃料用的甲醇水溶液供應給燃料電池1的燃料電， 極12。用以監視燃料中甲醇濃度的甲醇感測器5被安置在 甲醇/水槽3内，使得甲醇感測器5是在液體中。排氣唧筒6 被安置在甲醇/水槽3内，以便將經燃料電池内反應所產生 的二氧化碳在氣體條件下排放出來。氣體/液體分離器7連 接到空氣電極11，以便接收從空氣電極丨丨排放出來的未反 應空氣以及因反應所產生的水，從液體中將氣體分離出 來，將未反應空氣經由排氣唧筒8排放出去，並且暫時的 將反應所產生的水儲存起來。燃料電池丨中的參考數號13 是指固態聚合物電解質。 這種直接改良燃料電池系統在當作小型且輕型的燃料 電池系統時很有用，而該燃料電池系統會對在機車、機器 腳踏車、動力辅助腳踏車、或類似交通工具内的二次電池 進行充電。 圖5顯示出安置在雙輪交通工具内之直接改良燃料電池 87885.doc 200421659 系統的組合圖。在圖5中’與圖4具相同參寺數號的單元是 代表相同的組件。固態聚合物燃料電池丨在考慮到底下所 提之液體循環下，會向前或向後固定傾斜某一角度。當作 燃料用的f醇藉由甲醇幫浦72而從甲醇槽71供應到甲醇/ 水槽3。該燃料電池系統包括一控制電路2〇，用以控制一 驅動裝置。該控制電路20包括一驅動電路21、一輸出控制 電路22以及-CPU(中央處理器）23，控制甲醇/水燃料水溶 液内的甲醇濃度，並控制所產生之電源的輸出。在組合圖 中，甲醇濃度信號當作是控制所必要的資訊，會從甲醇感 測器5輸入進來，而且電池溫度信號、產生之電流信號以 及電壓信號都會從燃料電池i的溫度感測器74輸入進來。 當使用直接改良燃料電池系統來對動力辅助腳踏車内 的二次電池進行充電時，而且當使用Ni_Cd電池當作二次 電池時，在該電池被重新充電以補充該二次電池之前，該 電池便會先自我放電。控制電路20監視二次電池的放電情 形，並且當完全放電時（自我放電監視模式（i)，低耗電模式 (Π))，開始讓燃料電池系統對該電池進行再次充電。當動 力輔助腳踏車在行進時，該模式會切換到驅動模式⑴丨）， 而且控制電路20會控制燃料電池系統的電源產生，以反應 二次電池的充電情形。 在這種直接改良燃料電池系統丨中，當用曱醇當作燃料 而且反應結果會產生水時，必須進行量測以防液體漏出。 既然二氧化碳氣體是因燃料電池内的反應而產生，而且二 氧化碳會在具有甲醇/水溶液的混合物中循環，同時未反應 87885.doc 200421659 的空氣也會在反應所產生的水之混合物中循環，所以需要 氣體/液體分離器來去除掉。因此，甲醇/水槽3與氣體/液體 分離器分別具有排氣唧筒6與8，以便將未反應的空氣、二 氧化碳或燃料電池所產生的類似物質，從燃料電池1的空 氣電極11排放出去。 屬 然而’具上述組合的建議燃料電池系統會有的問題是， 如果δ亥燃料電池糸統被安置在雙輪交通工具或小型遊艇 上’則在翻覆或傾覆時會造成液體外漏。而且，還有的問 題是’無法從液體中分離開氣體，或是無法在翻覆時進行 液體的循環。200421659 (1) Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a fuel cell system. [Previous Technology] Recently, the shortage of petrochemical fuels and environmental pollution have become very serious problems, and the use of fuel cells to replace petrochemical fuels for engines or other vehicles has also been studied and developed in full swing. The practical application of batteries is approaching. At the same time, motors powered by secondary batteries are generally used to drive wheels in a rotating manner. This mechanism has become commonplace for power-assisted bicycles. In the case of a power-assisted bicycle, the charger is connected to a domestic charging socket, so that the household power source can charge the secondary battery; no power-assisted bicycle has a fuel cell for charging the secondary battery itself in the bicycle. [Patent Document 1] JP-A-Sho 64-017379 [Patent Document 2] JP-A-Sho 64-071073 [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] If it is a power-assisted bicycle, the tilt of the vehicle body can be large, and Because there are only two wheels, the car body will overturn. Therefore, when developing a fuel cell mounted on a power-assisted bicycle, the technology is very safe, even if the vehicle body has a large tilt or overturn: and it must be able to operate in these situations, for continuous operation. Recharge to reflect the charge of the secondary battery. A fuel cell that is placed in a power-assisted bicycle to charge a secondary battery. 87885.doc -6- 200421659, from the standpoint of small size, light weight, and safety, there is a need for a direct improvement of the fuel cell. Fuel cells have solid polymer films used as electrolytes. Fig. 4 shows a combined example of a proposed fuel cell system having such a direct modification of a fuel cell generating power source. The fuel cell system has a directly improved fuel cell 1, an air pump 2, a methanol / water tank 3, and a methanol / water pump 4. The fuel cell 1 has a solid polymer film used as an electrolyte. The pump 2 supplies air to the air electrode 1 of the fuel cell 1. The methanol / water tank 3 stores an aqueous methanol solution used as a fuel. The methanol / water pump 4 supplies an aqueous methanol solution used as a fuel to the fuel cell 1. Fuel electricity, pole 12. A methanol sensor 5 for monitoring the methanol concentration in the fuel is placed in the methanol / water tank 3 so that the methanol sensor 5 is in a liquid. The exhaust gas cylinder 6 is placed in the methanol / water tank 3 to discharge the carbon dioxide generated by the reaction in the fuel cell under a gaseous condition. The gas / liquid separator 7 is connected to the air electrode 11 so as to receive unreacted air discharged from the air electrode and water generated by the reaction, separate the gas from the liquid, and pass the unreacted air through the exhaust cylinder 8 Drain and temporarily store the water produced by the reaction. Reference number 13 in a fuel cell refers to a solid polymer electrolyte. This direct improvement fuel cell system is useful as a small and lightweight fuel cell system that recharges a secondary battery in a locomotive, machine bike, power assisted bicycle, or similar vehicle. Fig. 5 shows a combined diagram of a directly improved fuel cell 87885.doc 200421659 system installed in a two-wheeled vehicle. In FIG. 5, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 represent the same components. The solid polymer fuel cell 丨 considers the liquid circulation mentioned below, it will be fixed at an angle forward or backward. The f-alcohol used as a fuel is supplied from the methanol tank 71 to the methanol / water tank 3 via a methanol pump 72. The fuel cell system includes a control circuit 20 for controlling a driving device. The control circuit 20 includes a driving circuit 21, an output control circuit 22, and a CPU (central processing unit) 23, which controls the methanol concentration in the methanol / water fuel water solution and controls the output of the generated power source. In the combination diagram, the methanol concentration signal is regarded as necessary information for control, and will be input from the methanol sensor 5, and the battery temperature signal, the generated current signal, and the voltage signal will all come from the temperature sensor 74 of the fuel cell i. Enter it. When a directly improved fuel cell system is used to charge a secondary battery in a power-assisted bicycle, and when a Ni_Cd battery is used as a secondary battery, the battery is recharged before the battery is recharged to replenish the secondary battery. Will self-discharge first. The control circuit 20 monitors the discharge condition of the secondary battery, and when it is completely discharged (self-discharge monitoring mode (i), low power consumption mode (Π)), the fuel cell system starts to recharge the battery. When the power-assisted bicycle is traveling, the mode is switched to the driving mode (⑴ 丨), and the control circuit 20 controls the power generation of the fuel cell system to reflect the charging situation of the secondary battery. In this directly improved fuel cell system, when methanol is used as the fuel and water is produced as a result of the reaction, measurements must be taken to prevent liquid leakage. Since carbon dioxide gas is generated by the reaction in a fuel cell, and carbon dioxide is circulated in a mixture of methanol / aqueous solution, and air that has not reacted 87885.doc 200421659 is also circulated in the mixture of water produced by the reaction, it is necessary to Gas / liquid separator. Therefore, the methanol / water tank 3 and the gas / liquid separator have exhaust pumps 6 and 8, respectively, to discharge unreacted air, carbon dioxide, or the like produced by the fuel cell from the air electrode 11 of the fuel cell 1. However, the problem with the proposed fuel cell system with the above combination is that if the delta-hail fuel cell system is installed on a two-wheeled vehicle or a small yacht, it will cause liquid leakage when it is overturned or capsized. Also, there is a problem that 'the gas cannot be separated from the liquid, or the liquid cannot be circulated during the overturning.
而且，在所建議的燃料電池系統中，該燃料電池1是被 安置在垂直於左邊或右邊的方向上，但是當被安置到雙輪 交通工具上時，如圖5所示，燃料電極12上所反應的水以 及空氣電極11上所產生的水，在考慮到該二者的流動之 下’會在前進或後退方向上有一點的傾斜。然而，既然沒 有考慮向左或向右傾斜，所以當雙輪交通工具大幅傾斜或 翻覆時，便無法避免掉會在液體通道内產生阻塞。 雙輪父通工具常常會大幅傾斜或是翻覆，而且解決這些 問題來讓燃料電池系統進入實際應用確實是個挑戰。 當作燃料電池系統的技術，在JP-A-Sho 64-017379的公開 文獻中已經說明過氣體分離，而且在jP-A-Sho 64-071073的 公開文獻中已經說明過氣體/液體分離器。然而，這些公開 的文獻並沒有說明對大幅傾斜以及翻覆的措施。 【發明内容】 87885.doc 200421659 本發明已經考慮到这些傳統的技術問題，而且本發明的 目的在於提供一種燃料電池系統，該燃料電池系統當作直 接改良燃料電池系統用而被安置在可以被大幅傾斜的交 通工具上，比如雙輪交通工具或船，該燃料電池系統使用 傾斜感測器能偵測到傾斜，並在翻覆時停止該系統，或控 制該系統的輸出。 而且本發明的目的在於，當腳踏車或機車立在側邊腳架 上時，能從傾斜中偵測出翻覆，並且只有在該交通工具翻 覆時才會完成上述的控制。 [解決問題的方式] 本發明申請專利範圍第1項的燃料電池系統包括一傾斜 感測器以及一控制裝置，該傾斜感測器是用以偵測出該系 統傾斜，而該控制裝置是在傾斜感測器偵測到該系統的傾 斜達到預設傾斜角度或更大角度時，用以停止該系統之燃 料电池的反應。可以在翻覆時藉控制而停止燃料電池的反 應’來避免燃料電池系統的誤動作。 本發明申請專利範圍第2項的燃料電池系統包括一傾斜 感測器以及一控制裝置，該傾斜感測器是用以偵測出該系 統傾斜’而該控制裝置是在傾斜感測器偵測到該系統的傾 斜達到預設傾斜角度或更大角度時，用以控制該系統之燃 料電池的輸出。可以藉控制該燃料電池的輸出，在電力輸 出達到最小量時’對連接到本系統的二次電池進行辅助充 包，讓該電池不會把電用完，以避免燃料電池系統的誤動 作〇 87885.doc -10· 200421659 申請專利範圍第3項中所說明的發明是申請專利範圍第 1或第2項所述的燃料電池系統，其中該控制裝置在傾斜感 測器輸出預設傾斜角度或更大角度之傾斜角偵測信號經 過一段預設的時間或更長的時間時，會停止該系統之燃料 電池的反應或控制該燃料電池的輸出。如果該系統被安置 在雙輪交通工具上，則該系統會判斷該交通工具是在傾斜 而立在側邊腳架上的非翻覆狀態，或該交通工具是在轉彎 時暫時大幅傾斜的狀態。該系統也會判斷出實際的翻覆狀 悲’確實的停止燃料電池的反應或是控制燃料電池的輸 出。 申請專利範圍第4項中所說明的發明是申請專利範圍第 1至第3項所述的燃料電池系統，其中一用以量測曱醇濃度 的甲醇感測器被安置在甲醇/水槽内的預設位置上，使得該 系統在傾斜到預設角度或更大角度而輸出該氣體濃度的 偵測信號時，甲醇感測器會從液體進入到氣體内；以及 其中該控制裝置在甲醇感測器的液體濃度偵測信號 後’會接收該氣體濃度的偵測信號，以決定該傾斜是預設 角度或是更大角度。因此，沒有特別安置額外的傾斜感測 器，以降低成本。 申請專利範圍第5項中所說明的發明是申請專利範圍第 1至第4項所述的燃料電池系統，其中該控制裝置在甲醇感 測器停止偵測到預設角度或更大角度的傾斜時，會進行該 系統的回復控制’而且在回復之前’會先進行系統功能的 檢查。所以，因翻覆之震動所引起的誤動作可以被檢查出 87885.doc -11 - 200421659 來。 申請專利範圍第6項中所說明的發明是申請專利範圍第 1至第5項所述的燃料電池系統，其中該系統是被安置在雙 輪父通工具或小型船上。當雙輪交通工具是立在侧邊腳架 上或是以大傾斜角前進時，實際的翻覆會從傾斜中被辨別 出來。因此，會停止燃料電池的反應或控制燃料電池的輸 出’以便讓雙輪交通工具或類似的交通工具能持續的平穩 前進。當確實產生最小輸出時，可以避免在實際翻覆或傾 覆時的誤動作，使得連接到該系統上的二次電池能被辅助 充電’並且可以避免該電池把電用完。 【實施方式】 現在將要參考相關圖示來說明本發明的實施例。圖1是 顯示出依據本發明直接改良燃料電池系統之組合的示意 圖。例如，燃料電池系統的實施例是被安置在動力輔助腳 踏車、機車、機器腳踏車或類似交通工具上的系統。 如圖1所示，直接改良燃料電池系統的實施例包括一固 恶聚合物燃料電池1、一空氣幫浦2、一甲醇/水槽3以及一 曱醇/水幫浦4，該空氣幫浦2供應空氣給燃料電池丨的空氣 電極，該甲醇/水槽3儲存當作燃料用的甲醇以及水的混合 液體，該甲醇/水幫浦4將當作燃料用的曱醇水溶液從甲醇/ 水槽3供應給燃料電池丨的燃料電極。當作燃料用的甲醇籍 甲醇幫浦72從甲醇槽71供應給甲醇/水槽3。參考數號7是指 連接到燃料電池1之空氣電極的氣體/液體分離器。 該燃料電池系統包括一用以控制驅動裝置的控制電路 87885.doc -12- 200421659 〇該控制電路20具有一驅動電路21、一輸出控制電路 22、一中央處理器23以及一記憶體裝置24，而且該控制電 路20控制甲醇/水燃料溶液中的甲醇濃度以及所產生的電 源輸出。為了進行控制，該系統被設計成讓甲醇濃度信號 由甲醇感測器5輸入，而且電池溫度與所產生的電流/電壓 k號是由燃料電池1輸入，同時從傾斜感測器丨5的信號會 輸入進來’以偵測出雙輪交通工具的傾斜角度，當作是必 要的資訊。此外，一顯示裝置連接到控制電路2〇上，使用 中央處理裔顯不出必要的資訊。 如果直接改良燃料電池系統使用Ni_cd電池當作二次電 池，則該系統可以在再次充電以補充二次電池之前便先自 我放電。控制電路20監視二次電池的放電情形，並且在完 全放電時（自我放電監視模式（i)，低耗電模式（ii))，開始讓 燃料電池系統對該電池進行再次充電。當動力辅助腳踏車 在行進時，該模式會切換到驅動模式（iH)，而且控制電路 20會控制燃料電池系統的電源產生，以反應二次電池的充 電情形。 接著，要說明具有上述組合之燃料電池系統的操作。燃 料電池系統所產生的電源類似於先前圖4與5中所提的燃 料電池系統。本發明燃料電池系統的操作特性是，控制電 路20會依據從傾斜感測器15的信號來控制燃料電池系統 中的電源產生。 在雙輪交通工具傾斜到某一特定角度或更大角度時，傾 斜感測器15會輸出一信號。傾斜感測器15可以偵測到傾斜 87885.doc -13 - 200421659 角^輸出一傾斜角信號。控制電路2時判斷該系統是否在 某位置耗圍内，可以依據由傾斜感測器15的信號來進行 正常的電源產生。 當雙輪交通工具停車時，使賴邊腳架並傾斜到某—傾 斜角。當（1)由傾斜感測器15而來的信號 該交通工具立在側邊腳架上的傾斜㈣大時，以及斜(2角)= 傾斜角的谓測信號持續數秒鐘時，控制電路20會判斷出翻 覆並控制該燃料電池。 雙輪交通工具可以在車體的傾斜角比該交通工且立在 侧邊腳架上的傾斜㈣大時前進，視其速度而定，作是在 該情形下，車时在數秒⑽幾料㈣斜肖下轉到某— 位置，因,卜當偵測到較大傾斜角時，如果該情形持續數 秒鐘，便會判斷出翻覆。 <翻覆時的控制> 以下是判斷出翻覆時燃料電池的控制。 (0當雙輪交通工具翻覆時 氣卡住不通或類似現象而無 系統。 ，該燃料電池很有可能會因空 法正常產生電力時，便停止該 的事件來當作經歷 該模式會切換到檢 (Π)在記憶體裝置中記錄下發生翻覆 記錄用，而且當該系統下次再起動時， 查模式。 在檢置棋式下，對傾斜感 的數值、甲醇感測器 的丨辰度數值、甲醇/水溶液量、驅動甲醇/水幫浦的電流f (檢查空氣被卡住）、空氣電極上所產生 87885.doc -14- 200421659 的甲醇量以及類似數值進行檢查。如果是在正常範圍下， 會再次起動。 而且，在檢查期間，顯示裝置25會將進行檢查的情形顯 示給使用者。 (iu)當該系統在停止後重新起動時，會判斷管路内的液 體是否穩定下來，如果傾斜感測器15的信號轉回到正常值 而且再儲存後經過一段特定時間，則燃料電池内的發電作 用會再次起動。 這會讓直接改良燃料電池系統能安置在常常會傾斜較 大角度或翻覆的交通工具上，比如雙輪交通工具上，使得 實際翻覆可以從暫時的較大傾斜中分辨開，並且藉停止翻 覆時燃料電池内的發電作用，來避免誤動作的發生，而在 該交通工具回復到正常位置時，燃料電池内的發電作用可 以很平順的再次起動。 在判斷出翻覆時，並不停止燃料電池的運作，而是控制 輸出以確保最小輸出、對連接到該系統上的二次電池進行 辅助充電、以及避免電池把電用完。 接著，現在將參考圖2說明依據本發明第二實施例的直 接改良燃料電池系統。在第一實施例中，使用搞測燃料電 池系統之傾斜角度的傾斜感測器15，但傾斜感測器！ 5並不 -定要精確的價測出傾斜角度，只要能摘測出比立在侧邊 腳架上之傾斜角度還大的傾斜角度即可。 在第貫％例中，甲醇感測器5不只债測出甲醇濃度而 已，還能藉其位置的設計來當作傾斜感測器，如圖2所示， 87885.doc • 15 - 200421659 、而不使用第一貝施例中的傾斜感測器i5。第二實施例的燃 料電池系統組合是與^的第_實施例之燃料電池系統組 合相同，除了去除掉傾斜感測器15以外。 在甲醇感測器5内使用晶體震盪器的黏度感測器來量測 甲醇/農度’巾液體中晶體震a器型感測器的感測信號是大 大的不同於氣體中的偵測信號。 因此在本實施例中，當像雙輪交通工具的交通工具以及 燃料電池系統都是在正常位置上時，甲醇感測器5是如圖2 所不的被安置在甲醇/液體溶液底下的位置，而且當傾斜到 被視為翻覆的較大角度時，甲醇感測器5會從液體進入到 乳體内’藉控制電路2〇監視濃度量測信號，使得該信號數 值從正常值變成不正常數值時較大的傾斜角度會被偵測 出來’並且在傾斜情形持續數秒鐘後，如同第一實施例的 情形，會判斷出翻覆。 所以’用第二實施例可以讓加上傾斜感測器的成本降 低’藉以在成本上與第一實施例比較起來能夠降低該系 統。 當作偵測到甲醇濃度之甲醇感測器5的超音波型感測 器’如圖3所示，可以用來當作晶體震盪器型感測器。因 為超音波在液體與氣體中的傳播速率有很大的不同，所以 當使用超音波型曱醇感測器5時，在正常濃度信號被偵測 到下’控制電路20便能偵測到翻覆。如果使用電氣電阻量 測型或光線折射率型濃度感測器來當作甲醇感測器5時， 可以用類似的方式判斷出翻覆。 87885.d〇( -16- 200421659 [本發明的影響j 如上所述’對於翻覆時直接改良燃料電池系統的影響可 以㈣本發明被極小化，而且還可能提供最佳的燃料電池 士統安置在可以傾斜或大幅翻滾的交通工具上，比如雙輪 交通工具或如小艇或遊艇的小型船。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1疋依據本發明第一實施例之系統結構的示意圖。 圖2疋依據本發明第一實施例之系統結構的示意圖，顯 示出也能當作傾斜感測器用之甲醇感測器的操作。 圖3疋上述第二實施例中所使用之甲醇感測器操作的另 一實例示意圖。 圖4是所建議之直接改良燃料電池系統的方塊圖。 圖5是當所建議之直接改良燃料電池系統被安置在雙輪 父通工具上時其配置實例的方塊圖。 圖6是顯示出當所建議之直接改良燃料電池系統被安置 在雙輪交通工具上時，燃料電池向左或向右沿著車體傾斜 移動的示意圖。 【圖式代表符號說明】 1 燃料電池 2 空氣幫浦 3 甲醇/水溶液幫浦 4 甲醇/水幫浦 5 甲醇感測器 6 排氣唧筒 87885.doc -17- 200421659 7 氣體/液體分離器 8 排氣唧筒 11 空氣電極 12 燃料電極 13 固態聚合物電解液薄膜 15 傾斜感測器 20 控制電路 21 驅動電路 22 輸出控制電路 23 中央處理器 24 記憶體裝置 25 顯示裝置 71 甲醇槽 72 甲醇幫浦 87885.doc -18-Moreover, in the proposed fuel cell system, the fuel cell 1 is placed in a direction perpendicular to the left or right, but when placed on a two-wheeled vehicle, as shown in FIG. 5, the fuel electrode 12 The reacted water and the water generated on the air electrode 11 will be slightly inclined in the forward or backward direction in consideration of the flow of the two. However, since no consideration is given to tilting to the left or right, when a two-wheeled vehicle is tilted or overturned significantly, it is impossible to avoid blocking in the liquid passage. Double-wheeled parent tools often tilt or overturn significantly, and solving these problems to get the fuel cell system into practical use is indeed a challenge. As a technology for a fuel cell system, gas separation has been described in the publication of JP-A-Sho 64-017379, and a gas / liquid separator has been described in the publication of jP-A-Sho 64-071073. However, these published documents do not describe measures for large tilts and overturns. [Summary of the Invention] 87885.doc 200421659 The present invention has taken these conventional technical issues into consideration, and the object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system, which is used as a direct improvement of a fuel cell system and can be installed in a large area. On a tilting vehicle, such as a two-wheeled vehicle or a boat, the fuel cell system uses a tilt sensor to detect the tilt and stop the system when it overturns, or control the output of the system. Moreover, the object of the present invention is to detect overturning from a tilt when a bicycle or a locomotive stands on a side stand, and to complete the above-mentioned control only when the vehicle is overturning. [Method for Solving the Problem] The fuel cell system according to the first patent application scope of the present invention includes a tilt sensor and a control device. The tilt sensor is used to detect the tilt of the system, and the control device is The tilt sensor is used to stop the reaction of the fuel cell of the system when the tilt of the system reaches a preset tilt angle or more. It is possible to stop the reaction of the fuel cell by controlling it during overturning 'to avoid malfunction of the fuel cell system. The fuel cell system according to the second patent application scope of the present invention includes a tilt sensor and a control device. The tilt sensor is used to detect the tilt of the system, and the control device is detected by the tilt sensor. When the tilt of the system reaches a preset tilt angle or greater, it is used to control the output of the fuel cell of the system. By controlling the output of the fuel cell, the secondary battery connected to the system can be supplemented when the power output reaches a minimum, so that the battery will not run out of power to avoid malfunction of the fuel cell system. .doc -10 · 200421659 The invention described in item 3 of the patent application scope is the fuel cell system described in item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the control device outputs a preset tilt angle or more at the tilt sensor output. When a large-angle inclination detection signal passes a preset time or longer, the reaction of the fuel cell of the system is stopped or the output of the fuel cell is controlled. If the system is installed on a two-wheeled vehicle, the system will determine whether the vehicle is leaning and standing on a side stand in a non-overturning state, or that the vehicle is temporarily tilting sharply during a turn. The system will also judge that the actual tumbled state actually stops the fuel cell response or controls the output of the fuel cell. The invention described in item 4 of the patent application is a fuel cell system described in item 1 to 3 of the patent application. One of the methanol sensors used to measure the alcohol concentration is placed in a methanol / water tank. The preset position allows the methanol sensor to enter the gas from the liquid when the system outputs the detection signal of the gas concentration when the system is tilted to a preset angle or more; and wherein the control device detects the methanol After receiving the liquid concentration detection signal from the sensor, it will receive the detection signal of the gas concentration to determine whether the tilt is a preset angle or a larger angle. Therefore, no additional tilt sensor is specifically placed to reduce costs. The invention described in claim 5 is the fuel cell system described in claims 1 to 4, wherein the control device detects a tilt at a preset angle or more when the methanol sensor stops detecting At that time, the system's response control will be performed 'and the system function will be checked before replying'. Therefore, malfunctions caused by overturning vibrations can be detected 87885.doc -11-200421659. The invention described in claim 6 is the fuel cell system described in claims 1 to 5 in which the system is installed on a two-wheeled parent tool or a small ship. When a two-wheeled vehicle is standing on a side stand or advancing at a large tilt angle, the actual overturn is discerned from the tilt. Therefore, the reaction of the fuel cell is stopped or the output of the fuel cell is controlled 'so that the two-wheeled vehicle or the like can continuously and smoothly progress. When the minimum output is indeed generated, it is possible to avoid misoperation during actual overturning or overturning, so that the secondary battery connected to the system can be assisted to be charged 'and the battery can be prevented from running out of power. [Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to related drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a combination of a directly improved fuel cell system according to the present invention. For example, an embodiment of a fuel cell system is a system that is placed on a power assisted bicycle, locomotive, machine bike, or similar vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1, an example of a directly improved fuel cell system includes a solid polymer fuel cell 1, an air pump 2, a methanol / water tank 3, and a methanol / water pump 4, the air pump 2 The air electrode for supplying fuel to the fuel cell. The methanol / water tank 3 stores a mixed liquid of methanol and water for fuel. The methanol / water pump 4 supplies an aqueous methanol solution for fuel from the methanol / water tank 3 Fuel electrode for the fuel cell. The methanol pump 72 as a fuel is supplied from the methanol tank 71 to the methanol / water tank 3. Reference numeral 7 refers to a gas / liquid separator connected to an air electrode of the fuel cell 1. The fuel cell system includes a control circuit 87885.doc -12-200421659 for controlling the driving device. The control circuit 20 includes a driving circuit 21, an output control circuit 22, a central processing unit 23, and a memory device 24. Moreover, the control circuit 20 controls the methanol concentration in the methanol / water fuel solution and the generated power output. In order to control, the system is designed so that the methanol concentration signal is input by the methanol sensor 5, and the battery temperature and the generated current / voltage k number are input by the fuel cell 1, while the signal from the tilt sensor 5 Will enter 'to detect the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle as necessary information. In addition, a display device is connected to the control circuit 20, and the necessary information cannot be displayed using the central processing unit. If the directly modified fuel cell system uses Ni_cd batteries as secondary batteries, the system can discharge itself before recharging to replenish the secondary batteries. The control circuit 20 monitors the discharge condition of the secondary battery, and when the battery is completely discharged (self-discharge monitoring mode (i), low power consumption mode (ii)), the fuel cell system starts to recharge the battery. When the power-assisted bicycle is traveling, the mode is switched to the driving mode (iH), and the control circuit 20 controls the power generation of the fuel cell system to reflect the charging situation of the secondary battery. Next, the operation of the fuel cell system having the above combination will be explained. The fuel cell system generates power similar to the fuel cell system previously described in Figures 4 and 5. The operating characteristic of the fuel cell system of the present invention is that the control circuit 20 controls the power generation in the fuel cell system based on the signal from the tilt sensor 15. When the two-wheeled vehicle is tilted to a certain angle or more, the tilt sensor 15 outputs a signal. The inclination sensor 15 can detect the inclination 87885.doc -13-200421659 The angle ^ outputs an inclination angle signal. When the control circuit 2 determines whether the system is within a certain range, it can generate normal power according to the signal from the tilt sensor 15. When the two-wheeled vehicle is stopped, lean the side stand and tilt it to a certain angle. (1) The control circuit when the signal from the tilt sensor 15 is large when the tilt of the vehicle on the side stand is large, and the predicate signal of tilt (2 angles) = tilt angle lasts for several seconds. 20 will determine to overturn and control the fuel cell. A two-wheeled vehicle can move forward when the inclination of the vehicle body is greater than the tilt angle of the traffic worker and standing on the side stand, depending on its speed. In this case, the vehicle will hover in a few seconds. ㈣Oblique shaw down to a certain position, because when a large tilt angle is detected, if the situation lasts for several seconds, it will be judged to be overturning. < Control during overturning > The following is the control of the fuel cell at the time of overturning. (0 When the two-wheeled vehicle is overturned, the gas is stuck or similar, and there is no system. When the fuel cell is likely to generate electricity due to airspace, it will stop the event as if the mode will switch to Check (Π) in the memory device to record the occurrence of overturning, and when the system restarts next time, check the mode. In the check mode, the value of the tilt sense, the degree of methanol sensor Check the value, the amount of methanol / water solution, the current driving the methanol / water pump f (check that the air is stuck), the amount of methanol produced on the air electrode 87878.doc -14- 200421659, and similar values. Check if it is within the normal range It will start again. Also, during the inspection, the display device 25 will display the situation of the inspection to the user. (Iu) When the system restarts after stopping, it will determine whether the liquid in the pipeline has stabilized. If the signal from the tilt sensor 15 returns to a normal value and a certain period of time elapses after re-storage, the power generation function in the fuel cell will start again. This will directly improve the fuel power The system can be placed on a vehicle that often tilts at a large angle or overturns, such as a two-wheeled vehicle, so that the actual overturn can be distinguished from the temporary large tilt, and by stopping the power generation effect in the fuel cell during the overturn, In order to avoid malfunction, when the vehicle returns to the normal position, the power generation function in the fuel cell can be restarted smoothly. When the overturn is judged, the operation of the fuel cell is not stopped, but the output is controlled to ensure The minimum output, auxiliary charging of the secondary battery connected to the system, and avoiding the battery from running out of electricity. Next, a directly improved fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 2. In the first In the embodiment, the inclination sensor 15 for measuring the inclination angle of the fuel cell system is used, but the inclination sensor! 5 It is not necessary to accurately measure the inclination angle, as long as the ratio can be measured on the side The angle of inclination on the tripod can be as large as possible. In the first example, the methanol sensor 5 not only measures the methanol concentration, Can be used as a tilt sensor by its position design, as shown in Figure 2, 87885.doc • 15-200421659, instead of using the tilt sensor i5 in the first embodiment. Fuel of the second embodiment The battery system combination is the same as the fuel cell system combination of the first embodiment, except that the tilt sensor 15 is removed. In the methanol sensor 5, a viscosity sensor of a crystal oscillator is used to measure methanol / agriculture. The sensing signal of the crystal shock sensor in the liquid is greatly different from the detection signal in the gas. Therefore, in this embodiment, when a vehicle such as a two-wheeled vehicle and a fuel cell system are used, When it is in the normal position, the methanol sensor 5 is placed under the methanol / liquid solution as shown in Fig. 2, and when it is tilted to a large angle which is regarded as a flip, the methanol sensor 5 will From the liquid into the milk, 'the control circuit 20 monitors the concentration measurement signal, so that when the signal value changes from a normal value to an abnormal value, a large tilt angle will be detected', and after the tilt condition continues for a few seconds As first In the case of the embodiment, it will be judged that the turn is over. Therefore, "the second embodiment can reduce the cost of adding the tilt sensor", and the system can be reduced in cost compared with the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 3, the ultrasonic sensor of the methanol sensor 5 which detects the methanol concentration can be used as a crystal oscillator sensor. Because the propagation rate of ultrasonic waves in liquid and gas is very different, when the ultrasonic type alcohol sensor 5 is used, the control circuit 20 can detect the overturn when the normal concentration signal is detected. . If an electrical resistance measurement type or a light-refractive-index-type concentration sensor is used as the methanol sensor 5, the flip can be judged in a similar manner. 87885.d〇 (-16- 200421659 [Influence of the present invention as described above 'The impact on directly improving the fuel cell system at the time of overturn can minimize the present invention, and may also provide the best fuel cell control system On a vehicle that can be tilted or rolled significantly, such as a two-wheeled vehicle or a small boat such as a small boat or yacht. [Brief Description of the Drawings] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 疋The schematic diagram of the system structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention shows the operation of a methanol sensor that can also be used as a tilt sensor. Figure 3 疋 Another operation of the methanol sensor used in the second embodiment described above An example diagram. Figure 4 is a block diagram of the proposed direct improvement fuel cell system. Figure 5 is a block diagram of an example of the configuration of the proposed direct improvement fuel cell system when it is placed on a two-wheeled parent tool. Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram showing that the fuel cell is tilted to the left or right along the vehicle body when the proposed directly improved fuel cell system is installed on a two-wheeled vehicle. Description of Symbols in the Drawings] 1 Fuel cell 2 Air pump 3 Methanol / aqueous pump 4 Methanol / water pump 5 Methanol sensor 6 Exhaust pump 87885.doc -17- 200421659 7 Gas / liquid separator 8 Exhaust Cartridge 11 Air electrode 12 Fuel electrode 13 Solid polymer electrolyte film 15 Tilt sensor 20 Control circuit 21 Drive circuit 22 Output control circuit 23 CPU 24 Memory device 25 Display device 71 Methanol tank 72 Methanol pump 87885.doc -18-