狄、發明說明： C 明所屬技領^^】 本發明係有關一種在機械式可再充電的金屬氣體電池 中用於方便引入及移除電解液（特別是鹽水電解液）的系統 I：先前技術3 背景 機械式可再充電的金屬空氣電池係已知。典型上，陽 極被嵌入陰極結構用，放電，移除及以新的陽極結構替代。 但是，經常地，被移除之陽極卡仍含有大量之位於其内 (即，未轉化之金屬）之電化學能量。因此，欲提供一種能 更大地消耗金屬燃料陽極(特別是金屬燃料陽極板，諸如， 鎂板）内之電化學能量。 C發明内容3 概要 習知技藝之如上所探討及其它之問題及缺失可藉由本 發明之數種方法及裝置克服或減緩，其能於未移除金屬燃 料下補充電解質。可再供以燃料之金屬空氣電化學電池系 統被提供’其一般係包含一或多個用以容納電解質之電 池。注意於其中複數個電池被使用之較佳實施例，電解質 係維持於相同水平。水平通道被提供，其係於所欲電解質 高度或高於此高度處自複數個擋板產生 。當此系統係呈直 立結構時’入口亦於所欲電多質高度或高於此高度處被提 供，其中，入口包含一接合之可移除式栓塞。 本發明之如上所探討及其它之特徵及優點由下列詳細 200417072 描述及圖式可被熟習此項技藝者認知及瞭解。 圖式簡單說明 第1圖係一種金屬空氣電池系統之一般示意圖，其顯 示被支撐於陽極支架之一組陽極及一相對應之基部單元； 5 第2圖係金屬空氣電池系統之-般示意圖，其顯示被 肷入相對應陰極基部單元之陽極； 第3圖係示意顯示電池傾斜及電解質填充於其内之動 作； 第4圖顯示十字形通道如何均勻分佈電解質； 鲁 10 第5圖顯示自系統傾倒液體；及 第6A及6B圖顯示用以使釋出氣體（例如，鎂空氣系統 内之氫氣)脫離之氫氣通氣管。 【實施方式j 詳細說明 15 第1-2圖顯示一種具有自行校平特徵之金屬空氣電化 學電池之一實施例，其中，電連接係藉由關閉上蓋而建立， 其係更詳細地描述於PCT申請序號第118/03以}〇〇^案，發明 · 名稱係’’液體密封及電連接結構”，2003年1〇月23日申請(其 請求美國臨時專利申請序號第60/420,542案，其係於2〇〇2 20年1〇月23日申請)及PCt申請序號第US/〇2/3〇5585案，發明 名稱”可再充電及可再供以燃料之電化學電池”，2002年9 月26日申請’二者在此皆被併入以供參考之用。再者，組 裝複數個電池以形成一複數個電池之系統的技術被描述於 PCT申請序號第US03/00473案，發明名稱，，儲存電池，’，2003 6 /υ/2 年1月8日申請，及PCT申請序號第仍〇3/17356案，發明名 %製造金屬空氣電池系統之方法”，2〇03年6月2日申請， 〜者在此皆被併入以供參考之用。 s 雖然上述參考圖式及此間描述内容係有關於一種具有 4嶺電/機械式連接上蓋之系統，如於上述申請案中所描 述’但需瞭解此等自行校平特徵可被同等地用於傳統可再 供以燃料之電化學電池系統之結構内。自行校平系統之特 徵對於各種型式之電池係普遍，且其不限於陽極係如何被 肷入’陽極及陽極容納結構間之機械式連接如何被建立， 1〇或陽極與陰極間之電連接如何被建立。 參考第1-3圖，液體電解質（其於鎂空氣電化學電池之 障況可包含鹽水）被添加至具有入口 15〇之電池系統1〇〇。 入口 150係一與複數個供每一陽極容納結構之次入口結合 之單一共有入口。入口 150被置於基部單元或結構110 一側 之頂部處’其高度係高於每一陽極容納結構内之電解質預 期高度。每一陽極容納結構係藉由擋板152而與相鄰之陽 極谷納結構呈部份分隔。播板152包含一凹口或電解質十 字形通道154，其係與電解質呈直接連通以作為，，自行校 平’’，其使相鄰陽極容納結構間能呈流體連通。所示之凹 20 口 154係接近基部110之相對於入口 15〇之一側，但是，需 瞭解凹口 154可被置放於些微偏離此端緣，但較佳係維持 儘可能接近相對於入口之側邊内部。當液體被引入共有入 口 150，且電池被傾斜使入口如第3圖所示般呈面向上，當 電池如第4圖所示般被直立置放時，凹口 154之存在使電解 7 200417072 質能被均勻分佈於複數個陽極容納結構。凹口 i54 一般係 被置於高於電解質之預期高度。於電解質被填充後，即使 過量電解質（即，高於預期解度水平）已被引入，當系統· 以直立位置《時(如第4圖所示），任何過量之電解質會自 5入口 150流出。然後’人α 15何於排放操作期間以检塞156 覆蓋。 於系統_以電解質填充後，且系統之輸出降至低於 某-水平，其-般係由於電解f耗盡（相對於陽極本身之 電化學電容耗盡），電解質可被使用（第5圖）且以新的電解 · H)質替換。為移除電解質’使用者僅需移除检塞156，傾倒 電解質，及以新的電解質再次填充此系統_未自此系統移 除陽極。此對於自陽極獲得最大能量係特別所欲的。 於某些型式之金屬空氣電化學電池（諸如，鎂空氣電 化學電池），經排放陽極之部份將反應產物棄置，其—般 15係呈固體材料型式之氧化鎂。所欲者係於持續排放此系統 前儘可能洗掉此固體材料’因為此材料會阻斷新陽極材料 之進入。因此，藉由本發明之入口系統，使用者可經由此 · 入口以新鮮的水填充此電池，或於使用鹽水之電池時，以 鹽水填充，並使此系統100搖動以移除鬆的顆粒，然後， 20 如第5圖所示般將材料倒出。 此系統提供以手操作之電解質及反應產物的管理。選 擇性地，且現參考第6A及紐圖，一系統可被提供以管理 於鎂空氣電池反應期間會產生電化學反應之氣體，諸如， 氫氣。此一系統較佳係使電解質自此系統1〇〇漏出之可能 8 性達最小或去除。如第6A0B圖所見，1更多之管件⑽ 破包含於基部110之頂部。此等管件係與此基部之相對於 具有入Π150的侧邊之側的翻呈連通，且管件延伸過基 部110之寬度至開π端部162，其係接近基部之具有入 口 150之壁。注意此端部162需高於預期之電解質料。另 外’端部162被浸於電解質内，但是，電解質會自氫逸出 端部163漏出，如此，電解質之水平會低於端部π]之言产。 於此結構中，管件⑽能使產生之 免液體脫離（當管件係被置於高於預期電解質水平），戋使 液體脫離以使電解質水平降至所欲水平，而不管電、、也之物 理位向（例如，於栓塞被嵌入後，電池可被傾斜以使入口 150 面向下或向上且液體不會脫離）。 各種材料可被用於此間所述之金屬空氣電化學電池之 電池框架組件、隔離物，及其它支撐結構，其等較佳係被 肷至系統化學物。此等材料不受限地包含熱固性、熱塑性 及橡膠材料，諸如，聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯、聚醚醯亞胺、聚 磺酸鹽、聚醚磺酸鹽、聚芳基醚酮、Viton(g)(可購自EI DuPo泔 de Nemours & CO” Wilmington Delaware)、Delrin(可購自 EiD. Description of the invention: The technical expertise of C Ming ^^ The present invention relates to a system for facilitating the introduction and removal of electrolytes (especially brine electrolytes) in mechanical rechargeable metal gas batteries. I: Previous Technology 3 Background Mechanical rechargeable metal-air batteries are known. Typically, the anode is embedded in the cathode structure, discharged, removed, and replaced with a new anode structure. However, often, the removed anode card still contains a large amount of electrochemical energy within it (ie, unconverted metal). Therefore, it is desirable to provide an electrochemical energy that can consume more of a metal fuel anode (especially a metal fuel anode plate such as a magnesium plate). C Summary of the Invention 3 Summary As discussed above and other problems and deficiencies in the conventional art, the methods and devices of the present invention can be used to overcome or alleviate these problems, which can replenish the electrolyte without removing the metal fuel. A refuelable metal-air electrochemical cell system is provided ' which generally includes one or more batteries to hold an electrolyte. Note that in the preferred embodiment in which a plurality of batteries are used, the electrolyte system is maintained at the same level. Horizontal channels are provided which are generated from a plurality of baffles at or above the desired electrolyte height. When the system is in an upright configuration, the 'entrance' is also provided at or above the desired electrical quality level, where the entry contains an engaged removable plug. The above-discussed and other features and advantages of the present invention are described and illustrated by the following detailed 200417072 drawings and can be recognized and understood by those skilled in the art. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a general schematic diagram of a metal air battery system, which shows a group of anodes and a corresponding base unit supported on an anode support; 5 Figure 2 is a general schematic of a metal air battery system, It shows the anode inserted into the corresponding cathode base unit. Figure 3 shows the battery tilting and electrolyte filling in it. Figure 4 shows how the electrolyte is evenly distributed in a cross-shaped channel. Lu 10 Figure 5 shows the system The liquid is poured; and Figures 6A and 6B show a hydrogen vent tube used to release the released gas (eg, hydrogen in a magnesium air system). [Embodiment j detailed description 15] Figures 1-2 show an example of a metal-air electrochemical cell with a self-leveling feature, in which the electrical connection is established by closing the upper cover, which is described in more detail in the PCT Application No. 118/03 is filed in the case of} 〇〇 ^. The invention and name are "liquid sealing and electrical connection structure", which was filed on October 23, 2003. (Applied on October 23, 2002) and PCt Application Serial No. US / 〇2 / 3005585, the invention name is "rechargeable and refuelable electrochemical cell", 2002 The application of September 26 'both are incorporated herein for reference. Furthermore, the technology for assembling a plurality of batteries to form a plurality of batteries is described in PCT Application Serial No. US03 / 00473, Invention Name ,, Storage Battery, ', 2003 6 / υ / 2 Application on January 8, 2003, and PCT Application Serial No. 03/17356, Invention Name% Method for Manufacturing Metal Air Battery System ", June 2003 Apply on the 2nd, ~ ~ are incorporated here for reference. s Although the above reference drawings and the description here are about a system with a 4-ridge electrical / mechanical connection cover, as described in the above application, it should be understood that these self-leveling features can be used equally The structure of a conventional electrochemical cell system that can be refueled. The characteristics of the self-leveling system are common to various types of battery systems, and it is not limited to how the anode system is inserted into the 'anode and anode accommodation structure. How is the mechanical connection established, or how is the anode and cathode electrical connection It is established. Referring to Figures 1-3, a liquid electrolyte (which may include saline in the case of magnesium air electrochemical cells) is added to a battery system 100 having an inlet of 150. The inlet 150 is a single common inlet combined with a plurality of secondary inlets for each anode receiving structure. The inlet 150 is placed at the top of one side of the base unit or structure 110 'and its height is higher than the expected height of the electrolyte in each anode containing structure. Each anode receiving structure is partially separated from the adjacent anode valley nanostructure by a baffle plate 152. The seeding plate 152 includes a notch or an electrolyte zigzag channel 154, which is in direct communication with the electrolyte to act as a self-leveling ' ' which enables fluid communication between adjacent anode containing structures. The 20 recess 154 shown is close to the side of the base 110 opposite to the entrance 15. However, it should be understood that the recess 154 can be placed slightly off this edge, but it is preferred to maintain it as close to the entrance as possible. Side of the interior. When the liquid is introduced into the common inlet 150, and the battery is inclined so that the inlet faces upward as shown in Fig. 3, when the battery is placed upright as shown in Fig. 4, the existence of the notch 154 makes the electrolysis 7 200417072 quality Can be evenly distributed among multiple anode containment structures. The notch i54 is generally placed above the expected height of the electrolyte. After the electrolyte is filled, even if excess electrolyte (ie, higher than expected resolution level) has been introduced, when the system is in the upright position "(as shown in Figure 4), any excess electrolyte will flow out of the 5 inlet 150 . The 'human α 15 is then covered with a plug 156 during the discharge operation. After the system is filled with electrolyte, and the output of the system falls below a certain level, the electrolyte is generally used because the electrolytic f is depleted (relative to the electrochemical capacity of the anode itself) (Figure 5) ) And replaced with new electrolytic · H) quality. To remove the electrolyte ' the user simply removes the plug 156, pours the electrolyte, and refills the system with new electrolyte. The anode is not removed from the system. This is particularly desirable for obtaining the maximum energy from the anode. In some types of metal air electrochemical cells (such as magnesium air electrochemical cells), the reaction products are discarded after discharging the anode, which is generally 15 series of magnesium oxide in the form of solid materials. The desire is to wash away this solid material as much as possible before the system is continuously discharged because this material will block the entry of new anode materials. Therefore, with the inlet system of the present invention, the user can fill the battery with fresh water through the inlet, or when using a salt water battery, fill the battery with salt water, and shake the system 100 to remove loose particles, and then , 20 Pour out the material as shown in Figure 5. This system provides manual management of electrolytes and reaction products. Alternatively, and referring now to Section 6A and Newtuit, a system can be provided to manage gases, such as hydrogen, that will generate an electrochemical reaction during a magnesium air battery reaction. This system preferably minimizes or removes the possibility of electrolyte leakage from the system. As can be seen in FIG. 6A0B, 1 more of the pipe ruptures are included on the top of the base 110. These pipe fittings are in communication with the base with respect to the side of the side with the entrance 150, and the pipe extends across the width of the base 110 to the open end 162, which is close to the wall of the base with the entrance 150. Note that this end 162 needs to be higher than expected electrolyte material. In addition, the end portion 162 is immersed in the electrolyte, but the electrolyte escapes from the hydrogen and the end portion 163 leaks out, so that the level of the electrolyte is lower than the end portion π]. In this structure, the pipe fittings can make the generated liquid free from detachment (when the pipe fittings are placed higher than the expected electrolyte level), and the liquid can be detached to reduce the electrolyte level to the desired level, regardless of electricity, physical Orientation (for example, after the plug is inserted, the battery can be tilted so that the inlet 150 faces downward or upward and the liquid does not escape). Various materials can be used for the battery frame components, separators, and other supporting structures of the metal-air electrochemical cells described herein, and they are preferably bonded to system chemicals. These materials include, without limitation, thermosetting, thermoplastic, and rubber materials such as polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyetherimide, polysulfonate, polyethersulfonate, polyaryletherketone, Viton (g ) (Available from EI DuPo 泔 de Nemours & CO ”Wilmington Delaware), Delrin (available from Ei
DuPont de Nemours & CO” Wilmington Delaware)、乙烯丙 稀一浠單體、乙晞丙稀橡膠，及包含前述材料至少_者之 混合物。 雖然較佳實施例已被顯不及描述，但各種改良及替代 可於未偏離本發明之精神及範圍下對於為之。因此，需晴 解本發明係藉由例示說明而非限制地被描述。 200417072 L圖式簡單說明3 第1圖係一種金屬空氣電池系統之一般示意圖，其顯 示被支撐於陽極支架之一組陽極及一相對應之基部單元； 第2圖係金屬空氣電池系統之一般示意圖，其顯示被 5 嵌入相對應陰極基部單元之陽極； 第3圖係示意顯示電池傾斜及電解質填充於其内之動 作； 第4圖顯示十字形通道如何均勻分佈電解質； 第5圖顯示自系統傾倒液體；及 10 第6A及6B圖顯示用以使釋出氣體（例如，鎂空氣系統 内之氫氣)脫離之氫氣通氣管。 【囷式之主要元件代表符號表】 100" ....電池系統 110", ....基部 150·· …入口 154·· ····凹口 156" ....栓塞 160" ...管件 162.. ....端部 163·· 10DuPont de Nemours & CO "Wilmington Delaware), ethylene propylene monomer, ethylene propylene rubber, and mixtures containing at least one of the foregoing materials. Although the preferred embodiment has been less clearly described, various improvements and Substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention needs to be explained by way of illustration and not limitation. 200417072 L scheme brief description 3 Figure 1 is a metal air battery The general schematic diagram of the system shows a set of anodes and a corresponding base unit supported on the anode support; Figure 2 is a general schematic diagram of a metal-air battery system, which shows the anode embedded in the corresponding cathode base unit by 5; Figure 3 shows the battery tilting and electrolyte filling in it; Figure 4 shows how the electrolyte is evenly distributed in the cross-shaped channel; Figure 5 shows the pouring of liquid from the system; and Figures 6A and 6B show the release Hydrogen vent pipe from which gas (for example, hydrogen in a magnesium air system) is disengaged. [Symbol table of main components of the 囷 -type] 100 " ... battery System 110 ", .... ... inlet 154 of the base 150 ·· ·· ···· recess 156 " .... plug 160 " ... .. .... 162 pipe end 163 · 10