200301795 玖、發明說明二 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明，係關於將複數個混凝土模板排列配置而成之 混凝土模板連結構造，詳言之，係關於：混凝土模板連結 構造，能沿用使用於三夾板等所構成之膠合板製模板的匹 鎖、浮鎖（註冊商標）等模板用構件，而不須穿孔於模板；及 混凝土模板連結用隔件，能將使用於膠合板製模板之模板 用構件沿用於混凝土模板連結構造，而不須穿孔於模板。 【先前技術】 習知，混凝土灌設用模板（以下，稱爲「混凝土模板」 或簡稱「模板」），係以廉價，容易打釘等加工，輕量等理 由，使用在由三夾板等所構成之堰板背面釘上棧木而成的 膠合板製模板。 然而，此種膠合板製模板，具有下列缺點：⑴對棧木 之固定及模板之連結需要打釘作業，施工性不佳；（ii)由於 打釘及塗佈在堰板表面之混凝土剝離劑，使模板容易受損 ’轉用次數少（例如，約5次）；（iii)超過轉用次數之模板不 能當作木材回收再利用，只好解體燒毀。 爲解決這些問題，已提出一種輕量且施工性良好、又 能回收再利用之塑膠製模板。 圖31 ’係表示這種塑膠製混凝土模板之例子，此模板 10，係具有：中空堰板部12，其一面成爲混凝土灌設面ii ;中空側板部13，從堰板部12兩側緣向堰板部12之混凝 土灌設面11相反側直角彎曲；及2個中空補強板部15，設 200301795 於堰板部ί2之背面14，且平行於側板部13，堰板部12、 側板部13及補強板部15，係以將2片板16、16、與連結 該等板之間的複數個長形補助肋17成形爲一體而成的中空 板所構成。 參閱圖32，說明此模板10之蓋建（設置）如下。 首先，將複數個模板10以側板部13之外側表面18彼 此接觸之方式排成一列。其次，在穿設於模板10之堰板部 12的插穿孔20插穿圓棒狀分離件22，該分離件22兩端附 近設有匹鎖21，亦即將對向之模板10保持於既定間隔的 固定件。 其次，在該分離件22之端部以螺合安裝被稱爲浮鎖（ 註冊商標）之鎖緊具23，將堰板部12夾在分離件22之匹鎖 21與鎖緊具23基端部之皿板24之間來保持模板10。 同樣地，以混凝土灌設面11相對之方式將複數個模板 10再担,歹U 5並方令手甬穿孑li 20插穿分离隹件 22。接著，在此 分離件22端部以螺合安裝鎖緊具23，將堰板部12夾在分 離件22之匹鎖21與鎖緊具23基端部之皿板24之間來保 持模板10。 再者，在鎖緊具23上下配置一對由方形管所構成之橫 跨材25，利用支撐該等橫跨材25之墊片26及固定墊片26 之楔子27，將橫跨材25固定在抵接於側板部13及補強板 部15之側面的狀態。藉由配設該橫跨材25，使模板10不 會因混凝土灌設時之混凝土壓力向外側膨脹。. 【發明內容】 7 200301795 (一） 發明所欲解決之技術問題 然而，該模板10之堰板部12，係將2片薄板16(厚度 約2mm)、與連結該等板間之補強肋17成形爲一體而成的 中空板，故對於配置在該堰板部12兩側之匹鎖21及鎖緊 具23之皿板24的固定，板16之強度係不足夠。因此，若 仍使用習知膠合板製模板之匹鎖21、鎖緊具23等容易將 壓力集中在一點的模板用構件時，就容易產生模板10之破 損。基於上述理由得知塑膠製模板難以使用該等習知模板 用構件，而必須使用特殊形狀之專用構件。因此，要以如 圖32所示之形態設置塑膠製模板實際上困難。又，不能沿 用習知之模板用構件亦妨礙塑膠製模板之普及。 又，不限定於塑膠製模板，在金屬製模板及膠合板製 模板穿設插穿分離件之插穿孔或刻設槽，對於模板強度及 耐久性也是不利的。 因此，本發明之目的在於提供：混凝土模板連結構造 ，能沿用使用於由習知三夾板等所構成之膠合板製模板的 匹鎖、浮鎖（註冊商標）等模板用構件，不須設置模板用構件 所用之孔或槽於模板本體；及混凝土模板連結用隔件，能 將使用於膠合板製模板之模板用構件沿用於混凝土模板連 結構造。 (二） 解決問題之技術手段 本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件，係將複數個混凝土 模板排列配置時，配設於相鄰之混凝土模板側板部之間。 藉由使用此種隔件，能將使用於習知膠合板製模板的模板 200301795 用構件沿用在混凝土模板連結構造，而不須設置模板用構 件所用之孔或槽於模板本體。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件，較佳者爲在接 觸混凝土模板之面，具有卡止混凝土模板之卡止機構。此 種隔件，因能卡止混凝土模板，故能防止混凝土模板之配 設偏移。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件，較佳者爲在混 凝土接觸面相反側之面，形成能收容鎖緊構件之凹部。此 種隔件，因橫跨材不抵接於鎖緊構件，故能保持混凝土表 面爲平面。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件，較佳者爲塑膠 製。此種隔件，重量輕且施工性良好，耐久性高，並且能 回收再利用。又，能容易穿設分離件之插穿孔。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件，較佳者爲中空 。此種隔件，重量更輕，分離件插穿孔之穿設也變得容易 〇 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件，較佳者爲將2 片板、與連結該等板間之長形補強肋成形爲一體。此種隔 件，重量輕且具有足夠之機械強度。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，係將複數個混凝 土模板以混凝土模板之側板部相對之方式離一定間隔配置 ，將本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件以接觸混凝土模板之 側板部之方式配設於相鄰之混凝土模板側板部之間，於混 凝土模板連結用隔件之插穿孔插穿棒狀分離件。此種混凝 200301795 土模板連結構造，能沿用使用於習知膠合板製模板之模板 用構件，而不須設置模板用構件用之孔或槽於模板本體。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，較佳者爲側板部 及混凝土模板連結用隔件，係具有互相能卡合之卡止機構 。此種混凝土模板連結構造，能防止混凝土模板之配設偏 移，能將混凝土之灌設進行得良好。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，較佳者爲混凝土 模板及混凝土模板連結用隔件之垂直方向高度係相同，並 且，混凝土模板連結用隔件，係具有與其所鄰接之混凝土 模板混凝土灌設面成爲同一平面的面。此種混凝土模板連 結構造，能將混凝土之灌設進行得更良好。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，較佳者爲混凝土 模板連結用隔件，係被2個鎖緊構件夾住，混凝土模板連 結用隔件之接觸鎖緊構件之面的水平方向寬度，係比鎖緊 構件之接觸混凝土模板連結用隔件之接觸面之最大寬度還 大。此種混凝土模板連結構造，因模板不變形、不損傷， 故能增加模板之轉用次數。又，因能將模板容易嵌入隔件 ，故組裝作業性佳。 又，混凝土模板，較佳者爲塑膠製。此種模板，施工 性佳，耐久性高，且能回收再利用。 又，混凝土模板，較佳者爲中空。此種模板，重量輕 ，施工性更佳。 又，混凝土模板之堰板部及側板部，較佳者爲將2片 板、與連結該等板間之複數個長形補強肋成形爲一體而成 200301795 。此種模板，重量輕且具有足夠之機械強度。 又，本發明之混凝土模板之連結方法，係將塑膠製之 複數個具有堰板部及側板部之混凝土模板（該堰板部，其一 面成爲混凝土灌設面；該側板部，係從堰板部兩側緣向堰 板部之混凝土灌設面相反側直角彎曲）配置成：該等混凝土 灌設面成爲同一平面，且在該等側板部間配設有隔件，於 隔件插穿分離件。依據此種混凝土模板之連結方法，即使 將塑膠製中空模板使用作模板，亦能沿用使用於習知膠合 板製模板的模板用構件。 【實施方式】 [發明之較佳實施例] 圖1，係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之一例的全 體圖，圖2及圖3，係表示連結構造之主要部的圖。 此混凝土模板連結構造50，係將複數個模板30以模板 30側板部33相對之方式離一定間隔配置，將隔件40(混凝 土模板連結用隔件），以兩表面接觸模板3 0側板部3 3之外 側表面之方式配設於相鄰之模板30側板部33之間，將棒 狀分離件22插穿於隔件40之插穿孔44，將隔件40及模板 30側板部33，以安裝於分離件22之匹鎖21(鎖緊構件）及 鎖緊具23之皿板24(鎖緊構件）從該等兩側方夾住之方式鎖 緊，將配置於鎖緊具23上下之方形管所構成的一對橫跨材 25，以支撐該等橫跨材之墊片26及固定墊片26之楔子27 固定，而形成抵接於側板部33、補強板部35及隔件40之 側面的狀態。 11 200301795 在此，隔件40，如圖4所示，係中空之平板狀構件， 將2片板41、41與連結該等板間之長形補強肋42成形爲 一體而成，其穿設有從一側面43貫通至另一側面43的插 穿孔44。 又，模板30，如圖5所示，係具有：中空堰板部32， 其一面成爲混凝土灌設面31 ;中空側板部33，從堰板部32 兩側緣向堰板部32之混凝土灌設面31相反側直角彎曲； 及2個中空之補強板部35，設置於堰板部32之背面34， 且平行於側板部33。堰板部32、側板部33及補強板部35 ，係以中空狀之平板所構成，將2片之板36、36與連結該 等板間之複數個長形補強肋37成形爲一體。 隔件40之寬度A，係與側板部33之寬度C相同。若 隔件40之寬度A比側板部33之寬度C短，當隔件40之側 面43與混凝土灌設面31同一平面時，就在隔件40之另一 側面與鎖緊具23之皿板24之間會產生間隙。因此，在混 凝土灌設時，隔件40因混凝土壓力而容易往空隙側移動， 灌設完之混凝土表面在模板30之接縫處容易形成凸狀，有 不能保持混凝土表面爲平面之憂慮。另方面，若隔件40之 寬度A比側板部33之寬度C長，將橫跨材25以抵接於側 板部33、補強板部35及隔件40之側面的狀態固定時，隔 件40之另一側面就突出混凝土灌設面31。因此，灌設完之 混凝土表面在模板30之接縫處容易形成凹狀，有不能保持 混凝土表面爲平面之憂慮。 又，隔件40之高度B，係與側板部33之高度D相同 12 200301795 尺寸。若隔件40之高度B比側板部33之高度D低，灌設 混凝土至模板30之高度上限時，混凝土就從隔件40上方 向外部漏出。另方面，若隔件40之高度B比側板部33之 高度D高，就不能將其他模板重疊在混凝土模板連結構造 50上側來設置。又，若不灌設混凝土至模板30之高度上限 時，或在混凝土模板構造50上側不重疊其他混凝土模板構 造來設置時，未必要使隔件40之高度B與側板部33之高 度D相同。 隔件40，例如，藉由塑膠材料之擠壓成形等，將板41 、41及補強肋42成形爲一體來製造。 塑膠材料，例如，可舉：聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚氯乙 烯、聚乙烯、ABS樹脂、尼龍、聚乙烯對苯二甲酯（PET)等 。其中，因聚丙烯優於機械強度、混凝土離型性、耐鹼（耐 混凝土）性，故適合使用。又，從回收再利用之觀點，較佳 者爲與模板30相同塑膠材料。又，構成隔件40之2片板 41及補強肋42之厚度，雖亦未特別限定，但若考慮機械強 度及輕量化時，例如，1〜3mm爲適合。 模板30，例如，藉由塑膠材料之擠壓成形等，將堰板 部32、側板部33及補強板部35成形爲一體來製造。 塑膠材料，例如，可舉：聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚氯乙 烯、聚乙烯、ABS樹脂、尼龍、聚乙烯對苯二甲酯（PET)等 。其中，因聚丙烯優於機械強度、混凝土離型性、耐鹼（耐 混凝土）性，故適合使用。 堰板部32、側板部33及補強板部35之厚度、寬度、 13 200301795 高度等尺寸，未特別限定，例如，設定爲與習知膠合板製 模板之尺寸大致相同程度。 又，構成堰板部32、側板部33及補強板部35之2片 板36及補強肋37之厚度，雖亦未特別限定，但若考慮機 械強度及輕量化時，例如，1〜3mm爲適合。 其次，說明本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的組裝方法（ 模板之蓋建方法）之一例。 首先，在複數個隔件40之插穿孔44插穿，設有匹鎖 21之圓棒狀分離件22之一端。 接著，以模板30側板部33之外側表面38與隔件40 之表面45接觸之方式，且以混凝土灌設面31及隔件40之 側面43成爲同一平面之方式，將模板30與隔件40交替排 成一列。 並且，在分離件22之另一端，嵌入另外之隔件40，同 樣，以混凝土灌設面31相對之方式，將模板30與隔件40 交替再排成另一列。 接著，將鎖緊具23以螺合安裝於分離件22之兩端， 以在分離件22之匹鎖21與鎖緊具23基端部之皿板24之 間夾住側板部33及隔件40之寬度方向之方式，保持模板 30及隔件40。 再者，在鎖緊具23上下配置方形管所構成之一對橫跨 材25，以支撐橫跨材之墊片26及固定墊片26之楔子27， 將橫跨材25固定爲抵接於側板部33、補強板部35及隔件 40之側面的狀態。藉由配設此橫跨材25，模板30，就不會 14 200301795 因混凝土灌設時之混凝土壓力向外側膨脹。 又，其他組裝方法，可舉：預先將分離件22、匹鎖21 、鎖緊具23等模板用構件暫時固定於隔件40，邊將隔件 40夾在模板30間，邊蓋建模板30的方法等。 如以上所說明，混凝土模板連結構造50，因將隔件40 ，以兩表面45接觸於模板30側板部33之方式，配設於相 鄰之模板30側板部33間，並且，將分離件22插穿於此隔 件40之插穿孔44，故不須在模板30穿設分離件22之插穿 孔。又，混凝土模板連結構造50，因將分離件22之匹鎖 21與鎖緊具23基端部之皿板24所產生之鎖緊壓力，以隔 件40及側板部33之寬度方向承受，故具有抗壓力之足夠 強度。因此，即使沿用由習知三夾板等所構成之膠合板製 模板所使用之匹鎖21、鎖緊具23等容易集中壓力在一點 的模板用構件時，亦不會使模板30破損。 / 又，混凝土模板連結構造50，混凝土灌設後脫模時， 藉由首先脫拔隔件40，在模板30左右產生間隙，使模板 30之脫模容易。 又，混凝土模板連結構造50之模板30及隔件40，因 係塑膠製，故耐久性良好，超過轉用次數後能當作塑膠材 料回收再利用。又，模板30及隔件40，因係塑膠製，故混 凝土離型性良好，不需要混凝土剝離劑。 又，模板30，因係塑膠製，並具有：堰板部32，其一 面成爲混凝土灌設面31 ;及側板部33，從堰板部32之兩 側緣向堰板部32之混凝土灌設面31之相反側直角彎曲， 15 200301795 故不須用以固定棧木的打釘作業，施工性良好，亦沒有打 釘所帶來的耐久性之降低。 如上所述，混凝土模板連結構造50，因不須在模板30 穿設分離件22之插穿孔，即使使用習知膠合板製模板用構 件亦不會使模板30破損，不需要混凝土剝離劑，對棧木之 固定或模板30之連結不需要打釘作業，故使用於混凝土模 板連結構造50之模板30的轉用次數，就比習知膠合板製 模板能大幅增加，而降低成本。 又，此模板30，因係將堰板部32、側板部33及補強 板部35以2片板36與連結該等板之複數個長形補強肋37 成形爲一體的中空狀，故重量輕且具有足夠之機械強度。 又，此模板30，因在堰板部32之混凝土灌設面31之 背面34，設置平行於側板部33之補強板部35，故更提高 耐久性、耐壓性。 又，隔件40，因其寬度A係與側板部33之寬度C相 同，故隔件40之側面43與堰板部32之混凝土灌設面31 成爲同一平面，灌設完之混凝土表面不會在模板30之接縫 處形成凹凸，能保持混凝土表面爲平面。 又，隔件40，因係將2片板41及連結該等板間之長形 補強肋42成形爲一體，故重量輕且具有足夠的機械強度。 另外，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，並不限定於圖 示例，只要在模板之間配設本發明之隔件，任何形態均可 〇 又，隔件之材質，並不限定於塑膠，除此以外，亦可 16 200301795 使用木材或鋁等金屬材料等。又，隔件不限定於中空者， 除圖示例之塑膠中空材外，亦可使用發泡塑膠等純材。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，如圖6所示，亦 可將彎曲成截面Π字形之夾子55，從2個側板部33及被夾 住於該等側板部33之隔件40的側方嵌入，以夾持側板部 33及隔件40之方式，來連結（暫時固定）模板30。 夾子55之材質，能使用金屬、塑膠等。其中，從生銹 等觀點，較佳者係塑膠製。 又，使用夾子之連結機構（暫時固定機構）以外，亦可使 用將夾住隔件之側板部彼此，藉由打進釘、銷等來固定的 連結機構。 又，在隔件40，未必需要預先穿設插穿孔44。插穿孔 44，亦可在混凝土灌設現場，決定插入分離件22之位置後 ，在現場穿設。又，此時，因隔件40係中空，故插穿孔44 之穿設僅對側面43及補強肋42進行即可，能容易進行。 又，因隔件40係塑膠製，故插穿孔44之穿設容易。 又，若在現場穿設隔件之插穿孔時，爲使穿設用之鑽 頭前端位於隔件側面中央而不橫偏地容易設置插穿孔，亦 可在隔件側面沿長邊方向設置鑽頭引導用凹槽。 又，隔件40之補強肋數量，並不限定於如圖示例之2 個，1個亦可，或3個以上亦可。又，亦可不設置補強肋。 補強肋之數量，係因應隔件之寬度或所要求之強度等適當 設定。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的模板，不限定於 17 200301795 圖5所示者，例如，堰板部32之寬度狹窄時，如圖7所示 ，能省略補強板部。 又，模板，不限定於中空之塑膠製，例如，亦可使用 純FRP(纖維強化塑膠）製，中空狀或板狀之金屬製等。 又，亦可在模板之混凝土灌設面全面，形成凸條或槽 。此凸條或槽，例如，能舉如圖8所示延伸於垂直方向之 條狀細微凹凸。藉由使用此種模板，能在灌設完成之混凝 土表面形成凹凸。如此，在形成表面之凹凸的混凝土表面 塗佈泥獎（mortar)時，不容易產生泥獎之剝落。 凹凸之最大高度（Ry)，較佳者爲0.2〜2mm。若最大高度 (Ry)未滿0.2mm，就灌設完成之混凝土表面不容易顯現凹凸 ，對混凝土表面有泥漿之附著力不足之憂慮。另方面，若 最大高度（Ry)超過2mm，就灌設完成之混凝土表面與模板 30之混凝土灌設面31不容易脫離，有使混凝土離模性降低 之憂慮。最大高度（Ry)，更佳者爲0.3〜1imm。 在此，所謂最大高度（Ry)，係如圖9所示，在基準長度 L之山頂線及谷底線的間隔。最大高度（Ry)之測定，係準據 JIS B0601來進行。又，基準長度L，係由JIS B0601所規定 之 0.08、0.25、0.8、2.5、8、25(mm)中適宜選擇。 又，如圖10所示，不是凹凸，而是形成複數條槽或凸 條時，將槽之深度（d)定義爲最大高度（Ry)。 凹凸所鄰接之局部山頂間隔（S)，較佳者爲0.3〜5mm。 若局部山頂間隔（S)未滿0.3mm，就凹凸之紋理變成細微， 在灌設完成之混凝土表面不容易顯現凹凸，對混凝土表面 18 200301795 有泥漿之附著力不足之憂慮。另方面，若局部山頂間隔（s) 超過5 mm，就每單位面積之凹凸數量變成不足夠，對灌設 完成之混凝土表面有泥漿之附著力不足之憂慮。局部山頂 間隔（S)，更佳者爲0.5〜3mm。 在此，所謂局部山頂間隔（S)，係如圖9所示，係基準 長度L部分的所鄰接之局部山頂間的間隔S1、S2、S3、· ••之平均値S。局部山頂間隔（S)之測定，係準據JIS B0601來進行。又，基準長度L，係從；JIS B0601所規定之 0.08、0.25、0.8、2.5、8、25(mm)中適宜選擇。 又，如圖10所示，不是凹凸/而是形成複數條槽時， 以槽之相鄰局部谷底的間隔來規定，來替代局部山頂間隔 ⑸。 設置模板時所使用之分離件，並不限定於圖示例之圓 棒狀者，例如，能使用平板狀者等周知之分離件。 又，匹鎖、鎖緊構件，亦不限定於圖示例者，例如， 能使用帽型匹鎖等周知者。 (形態例2) 圖11，係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的全體圖，圖12及圖13，係表示連結構造之主要部的圖。 此混凝土模板連結構造80，係將複數個模板60，以模 板60側板部63相對之方式離一定間隔配置，將隔件70(混 凝土模板連結用隔件）配設於相鄰之模板60側板部63之間 ，將棒狀之分離件22插穿於隔件70之插穿孔74，將隔件 70及模板60側板部63，藉由安裝於分離件22之匹鎖21( 19 200301795 鎖緊構件）及鎖緊具23之皿板24(鎖緊構件）從該等兩側方夾 住之方式鎖緊，將配置於鎖緊具23上下之方形管所構成的 一對橫跨材25，以支撐該等橫跨材之墊片26及固定墊片 26之楔子27加以固定，而形成抵接於側板部63、補強板 部65及隔件70之側面的狀態。 在此，隔件70，如圖14所示，係中空之構件，將2 片板71、71與連接該等板間之長形補強肋72成形爲一體 ，其穿設有從一側面73貫通至另一側面73之插穿孔74。 又，模板60，如圖15所示，係具有：中空堰板部62 ，其一面成爲混凝土灌設面61 ;中空側板部63，從堰板部 62之兩側緣向堰板部62之混凝土灌設面61相反側直角彎 曲；及2個中空之補強板部65，設置於堰板部62之背面 64，且平行於側板部63。堰板部62、側板部63及補強板 部65，係以中空平板所構成，將2片之板66、66與連結該 等板66、66間之複數個長形補強肋67成形爲一體。 再者，在與側板部63接觸之隔件70的面，形成與隔 件70相同高度之嵌合用凸部76(卡止機構）。又，在與隔件 70接觸之側板部63的面，形成與模板60相同高度之矩形 狀嵌合用凹部69 (卡止機構）。再者隔件70之嵌合用凸部 76與模板60之嵌合用凹部69，係具有能互相嵌合之形狀 。並且，隔件70之嵌合用凸部76被嵌入於模板60之嵌合 用凹部69，來使相鄰之模板60、60彼此連結。又，在圖示 例，隔件70與嵌合用凸部76係一體狀。 、 隔件70之寬度A，係與側板部63之寬度C相同。藉 20 200301795 此，隔件70之一方側面73(混凝土接觸面）與模板60之混 凝土灌設面61就成爲同一平面，而且隔件70之另一側面 73與側板部63之側面77成爲同一平面。若隔件70之一側 面73(混凝土接觸面）與模板60之混凝土灌設面61係非同 一平面時，灌設完成之混凝土表面在模板60之接縫處形成 凹凸，不能保持混凝土表面爲平面。另方面，若隔件70之 一側面73(混凝土接觸面）突出，隔件70之另一方側面73 與側板部63之側面77係非同一平面時，因橫跨材25僅與 隔件70抵接，而不抵接於補強板部65，故由於灌設混凝土 時之壓力，模板60會膨脹橫跨材25與補強板部65之間隙 量。因此，有不能保持混凝土表面爲平面之憂慮。 又，隔件70之高度B，係與側板部63之高度D相同 尺寸。若隔件70之高度B比側板部63之高度D低，灌設 混凝土至模板60之高度上限時，混凝土就從隔件70之上 方向外部漏出。另方面，若隔件70之高度B比側板部63 之高度D高，就不能將其他模板重疊在混凝土模板連結構 造80上側來設置。又，若不灌設混凝土至模板60之高度 上限時，或在混凝土模板構造80上側不重疊其他模板來設 置時，未必要使隔件70之高度B與側板部63之高度D相 同。 又，隔件70之厚度E，係比鎖緊構件（匹鎖21及鎖緊 具23之皿板24)之接觸隔件70側面73之接觸面之最大寬 度還大。若隔件70之厚度E在鎖緊構件接觸面之最大寬度 以下時，亦將側板部63鎖緊，故鎖緊力會使側板部63變 21 200301795 形，或有時甚至會損傷側板部63。因此，會減少模板60之 轉用次數。另方面，若隔件70之厚度E，係比鎖緊構件之 接觸隔件70側面73之接觸面之最大寬度爲大時，雖隔件 70之轉用次數減少，然而因模板60不變形、不損傷，故能 增加模板之轉用次數。又，要組裝混凝土模板連結構造80 時，如圖16所示，有時會將模板60嵌入被鎖緊構件（匹鎖 21及鎖緊具23之皿板24)所鎖緊的隔件70內。此時，若隔 件70之厚度狹窄，因匹鎖21會傾斜，故模板60就碰到匹 鎖21。因此，模板60受損，不但減少轉用次數，亦降低 嵌入之作業性。 隔件70，例如，藉由塑膠材料之擠壓成形等，將板71 、71及補強肋72成形爲一體來製造。塑膠材料，可舉與形 態例1之隔件40相同者。又，構成隔件70之2片板71及 補強肋72之厚度，雖亦未特別限定，但若考慮機械強度及 輕量化時，例如，1〜3mm爲適合。 模板60，例如，藉由塑膠材料之擠壓成形等，將堰板 部62、側板部63及補強板部65成形爲一體來製造。塑膠 材料，可舉與形態例丨之模板60相同者。 堰板部62、側板部63及補強板部65之厚度、寬度、 高度等尺寸，未特別限定，例如，設定爲與習知膠合板製 模板之尺寸大致相同程度。又，構成堰板部62、側板部63 及補強板部65之2片板66及補強肋67之厚度，雖亦未特 別限定，但若考慮機械強度及輕量化時，例如，1〜3mm爲 適合。 22 200301795 其次，說明本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的連結方法（ 模板之蓋建方法）之一例。 首先，在複數個隔件70之插穿孔74插穿，設有匹鎖 21之圓棒狀分離件22之一端。 接著，將隔件70之嵌合用凸部76嵌合於模板60之嵌 合用凹部69，以混凝土灌設面61及隔件70之側面73(混凝 土接觸面）成爲同一平面之方式，將模板60與隔件70交替 排成一列。. 並且，在分離件22之另一端，嵌入另外之隔件70，同 樣，以混凝土灌設面61相對之方式，將模板60與隔件70 交替再排成另一列。 接著，將鎖緊具23以螺合安裝於分離件22之兩端， 以在分離件22之匹鎖21與鎖緊具23基端部之皿板24之 間夾住隔件70之方式，保持模板60及隔件70。 再者，在鎖緊具23上下配置方形管所構成之一對橫跨 材25，以支撐該等橫跨材之墊片26及固定墊片26之楔子 27，將橫跨材25固定爲抵接於側板部63、補強板部65及 隔件70之側面的狀態。藉由配設此橫跨材25，模板60就 不會因混凝土灌設時之混凝土壓力向外側膨脹。 又，其他組裝方法例如：預先將分離件22、匹鎖21、 鎖緊具23等模板用構件暫時固定於隔件70，邊將隔件70 夾在模板60、60間，邊蓋建模板60的方法。 如以上所說明之混凝土模板連結構造80,因將隔件70 配設於相鄰之模板60側板部63間，並且，將分離件22插 23 200301795 穿於此隔件70之插穿孔74，故不須在模板60穿設分離件 22之插穿孔。又，混凝土模板連結構造80，因將分離件22 之匹鎖21與鎖緊具23基端部之皿板24所產生之鎖緊壓力 ，以隔件70之正交於模板60混凝土灌設面61之方向的長 度方向來承受，故具有足以壓力之強度。 又，隔件70之厚度，係比鎖緊構件之接觸隔件70側 面73之接觸面之最大寬度爲大。藉此，因僅鎖緊隔件70 被鎖緊，故僅由隔件70即可承受鎖緊所產生之變形，或有 時發生之損傷。因此，即使沿用由習知三夾板等所構成之 膠合板製模板所使用之匹鎖21、鎖緊具23等容易集中壓 力在一點的模板用構件時，亦不會使模板60破損。因此， 模板不會變形、損傷，能增加模板60之轉用次數。 又，混凝土模板連結構造80之模板60及隔件70，因 係塑膠製，故耐久性良好，超過轉用次數後能當作塑膠材 料回收再利用。又，模板60及隔件70，因係塑膠製，故混 凝土離型性良好，不需要混凝土剝離劑。 又，模板60，因係塑膠製，具有：堰板部62，其一面 成爲混凝土灌設面61 ;及側板部63，從堰板部62之兩側 緣向堰板部62之混凝土灌設面61之相反側直角彎曲，故 不需要用以固定棧木的打釘作業，施工性良好，亦沒有打 釘所帶來的耐久性之降低。 如上所述，混凝土模板連結構造80，因不須在模板60 穿設分離件22之插穿孔，即使使用習知膠合板製模板用構 件亦不會使模板60破損，不需要混凝土剝離劑，對棧木之 24 200301795 固定或模板60之連結不需要打釘作業，故使用於混凝土模 板連結構造80之模板60的轉用次數，就比習知膠合板製 模板能大幅增加，而降低成本。 又，混凝土模板連結構造80，藉由將隔件70之嵌合用 凸部76嵌合於模板60之嵌合用凹部69，能防止模板60、 60彼此之偏移來組裝混凝土模板連結構造80。其結果，因 能容易使堰板部62之混凝土灌設面61彼此成爲同一平面 ’故能容易使灌設完成之混凝土表面爲同一平面。 又，隔件70之厚度，若比鎖緊構件之接觸隔件70側 面73之接觸面之最大寬度爲大，就如圖13所示，鎖緊構 件不會接觸側板部63。於是，在混凝土模板連結構造80組 裝時，首先，設置一方之模板60，將隔件70安裝於其模板 6〇，鎖上鎖緊構件後才將另外之模板60設置於隔件70。因 此，若鎖緊構件不接觸側板部63，將模板60嵌入於隔件 70時，因模板60不會碰到鎖緊構件，故組裝作業佳。 隔件70之寬度A，係與側板部63之寬度C相同’因 隔件70之側面73(混凝土接觸面）與模板60之混凝土灌設 面61爲同一平面，同時隔件70之另一側面73與側板部63 之側面77爲同一平面，故灌設完成之混凝土表面在模板60 之接縫處不會形成凹凸，並且能提高橫跨材25之補強效果 ，能防止灌設混凝土時之模板60膨脹，能保持混凝土表面 爲平面。 又，隔件70，因係將2片板71、71與連結該等板間之 長形補強肋72成形爲一體，故重量輕且具有足夠的機械強 25 200301795 度。 又，模板60，因堰板部62、側板部63及補強板部65 ，係以中空平板所構成，將2片之板66與連結該等板66 間之複數個長形補強肋67成形爲一體，故重量輕且具有足 夠的機械強度。 又，此模板60，因在堰板部62之混凝土灌設面61之 背面64，設置平行於側板部63之補強板部65，故更提高 耐久性、耐壓性。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，並不限定於圖示 例者，只要在模板之間配設本發明之隔件，側板部及隔件 能互相卡合，任何形態均可。 本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的其他例如下。 圖17所示之例，係將模板側板部91之隔件92側表面 93形成凹狀之曲面，將隔件92之兩表面94形成凸狀之曲 面，藉由取該等曲面之曲率大致相等，能使側板部91與隔 件92卡合。 圖18所示之例，係將模板側板部101之隔件102側表 面103形成凸狀之曲面，將隔件102之兩表面104形成凹 狀之曲面，藉由取該等曲面之曲率大致相等，能使側板部 101與隔件102卡合。 圖19所示之例，係將模板側板部111之隔件112側表 面103的中央部113形成凹狀之曲面，將隔件112之兩表 面的中央部114形成凸狀之曲面，藉由取該等曲面之曲率 大致相等，能使側板部111與隔件112卡合。 26 200301795 圖20所示之例，係在模板側板部121之隔件122側表 面具有突起部124，在隔件122之兩表面125、125，形成槽 126、126，用以嵌合側板部121之突起部124。 又，隔件，亦可形成其混凝土灌設側寬度比混凝土灌 設側相反側寬度窄小。圖21〜圖24係表示配設該等隔件之 混凝土模板連結構造例。 在圖21所示之例，在側板部131之混凝土灌設面136 附近形成突出部133(卡止機構），在隔件132之混凝土灌設 面135附近形成肩部134 (卡止機構）。再者，此突出部133 及肩部134，係在互相接觸時，形成混凝土灌設面135(隔件 側面）與混凝土灌設面136爲同一平面。 如上述，若在側板部131設置突出部133，在隔件132 設置肩部134，即使將隔件132向混凝土側塞入，隔件132 之肩部134就抵接模板之突出部133而能阻止隔件132之 移動。 圖22所示之例，係與圖21所示之例類似，在模板之 側板部141形成突出部143，在隔件142形成肩部144。但 是在此例，從混凝土灌設面146至混凝土灌設面146相反 側之面附近形成突出部143(卡止機構）於側板部141。再者 ，當隔件142之肩部144接觸此突出部143時，形成肩部 144，位於使混凝土接觸面145(隔件側面）與混凝土灌設面 146成爲同一平面之位置。 如上述，若在側板部141設置突出部143，在隔件142 設置肩部144，即使將隔件142向混凝土灌設側塞入，隔件 27 200301795 之肩部144就抵接模板之突出部143而能阻止隔件142之 移動。 圖23所示之例，係伴隨從混凝土灌設面156朝向混凝 土灌設面156相反側，使模板側板部151之厚度逐漸變薄 ，並且，伴隨從混凝土接觸面155側朝向混凝土接觸面155 相反側，使隔件152之厚度逐漸變厚。又，當以模板側板 部151夾住隔件152時，形成使側板部151之表面153與隔 件152之表面154互相密合。 如上述，若在混凝土灌設側使模板間爲狹窄，即使將 隔件152向混凝土灌設側塞入，隔件152之表面154就抵 接側板部151之表面153而能阻止移動。 在圖24所示之例，隔件165，在混凝土灌設側之一部 分係一定之厚度，在其他部分，伴隨朝向混凝土接觸面165 相反側，使厚度逐漸變厚。又，模板側板部161之厚度， 伴隨朝向混凝土灌設面156相反側5使厚度逐漸變薄。又 ，當以模板側板部161夾住隔件162時，形成使側板部161 之表面163與隔件162之表面164互相密合。因此，即使 將隔件162向混凝土灌設側塞入，隔件162之表面164就 抵接側板部161之表面163而能阻止移動。 如圖21〜圖24所示之連結構造，若係混凝土灌設側寬 度比混凝土灌設側相反側之寬度窄小的隔件，且在其隔件 表面接觸側板部表面’就能防止隔件從混凝土 t崔設面突出 ，因能使混凝土接觸面與混凝土灌設面爲同一平面，故能 使混凝土表面成爲平面。又，即使將模板保持於設置狀態 28 200301795 ，能從模板間容易拔取隔件。因此，要分解模板連結構造 時，隔件之撤除就容易，能提高作業效率。又，在圖21〜圖 24所示之連結構造，混凝土灌設後要脫模時，藉由先拔脫 隔件，使在模板左右產生間隙，使模板之脫模容易。 又，隔件70之材質，並不限定於塑膠，除此以外，亦 可使用木材或鋁等金屬材料等。又，隔件不限定於中空者 ，除圖示例之塑膠中空材外，亦可使用發泡塑膠等純材。 又，圖示例之嵌合用凸部76，雖係與隔件70成形爲一 體，然而亦可以後裝設於隔件70。又，圖示例之嵌合用凸 部76，雖非中空，但亦可中空。 又，混凝土模板，不限定於中空之塑膠製，例如，亦 可使用純FRP(纖維強化塑膠）製，中空狀或板狀之金屬製等 〇 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，亦可將彎曲成截 面门字形之夾子（dip)，從2個側板部63及被夾於該等側板 部之隔件70的側方嵌入，以夾持側板部63及隔件70之方 式連結（暫時固定）模板60。 又，利用夾子之連結機構（暫時固定機構）以外，亦可使 用將夾住隔件之側板部彼此，以打進釘、銷等方式加以固 定的連結機構。 又，在隔件70，未必要預先穿設插穿孔74。插穿孔74 ，亦可在混凝土灌設現場決定插入分離件22之位置後，在 現場穿設。又，此時，因隔件70係中空，故插穿孔74之 穿設僅對側面73及補強肋72進行即可，能容易進行。又 29 200301795 ，因隔件70係塑膠製，故插穿孔74之穿設容易。 又，若在現場穿設隔件之插穿孔時，爲使穿設用之鑽 頭前端位於隔件側面中央不橫向偏地容易鑽出插穿孔，亦 可在隔件側面沿長邊方向設置鑽頭引導用凹槽。 又，隔件70之補強肋數量，並不限定於如圖示例之2 個，1個亦可，或3個以上亦可。又，亦可不設置補強肋。 補強肋數量，係因應隔件之寬度或所要求之強度等適當設 定。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的模板，不限定於 圖15所示者，例如，在堰板部62之寬度狹窄時，亦能省 略補強板部。 又，設置模板時所使用之分離件，並不限定於圖示例 之圓棒狀者，例如，能使用平板狀者等周知之分離件。 又，匹鎖、鎖緊構件，亦不限定於圖示例者，例如， 能使用帽型匹鎖等周知者。 (形態例3) 圖25，係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的全體圖，圖26及圖27，係表示連結構造之主要部的圖。 此混凝土模板連結構造180，係將複數個模板30，以 模板30側板部33相對之方式離一定間隔配置，將隔件 170(混凝土模板連結用隔件），以與模板30側板部33之外 側表面接觸之方式，配設於相鄰之模板30側板部33之間 ，將棒狀之分離件22插穿於隔件170之插穿孔174，將隔 件170，藉由安裝於分離件22之匹鎖21(鎖緊構件）及鎖緊 30 200301795 具23之皿板24(鎖緊構件）夾住之方式鎖緊，將配置於鎖緊 具23上下之方形管所構成的一對橫跨材25，以支撐該等橫 跨材之墊片26及固定墊片26之楔子27加以固定，而形成 抵接於側板部33、補強板部35及隔件170之側面的狀態。 在此，模板30，係與形態例1之模板相同。 隔件170，如圖27及圖28所示，具有：中空連結板部 175b ;及中空側板部175a，從連結板部175b兩側緣彎曲直 角。連結板部175b及側板部175a，係以中空狀之平板所構 成，將2片之板171、171與連結該等板間之複數個長形補 強肋172成形爲一體。又，連結板部175b及側板部175a所 包圍之部分，形成能收容鎖緊具23之皿板24之凹部173。 又，在連結板部175b穿設從其一面貫通至另一面之插穿孔 174。 如上述，若在隔件170形成能收容鎖緊具23之皿板24 的凹部173，就能防止橫跨材25接觸皿板24。另方面，若 在隔件不形成能收容皿板24之凹部，如圖29及圖30所示 ，將橫跨材25順沿鎖緊具23上下配置，使抵接於隔件181 側，皿板24則被夾住於橫跨材25、隔件181及模板30側 板部33之間。因此，橫跨材25，與隔件181、模板30側 板部33、補強板部35之間產生間隙。產生間隙之結果，不 能確實固定模板30，灌設混凝土時，因混凝土會膨脹其間 隙量，故不能保持混凝土表面爲平面。 隔件Π0側板部175a之寬度A，係在模板30側板部 33之寬度C以下。若隔件170之寬度A，比模板30側板部 31 200301795 33之寬度C長，當以橫跨材25抵接於側板部33、補強板 部35及隔件170之側面176b的狀態固定時’隔件Π0之混 凝土接觸面177a，就比模板30之混凝土灌設面31突出。 因此，灌設完成之混凝土表面在模板30之接縫處容易形成 凹狀，而不能保持混凝土表面爲平面。 又，隔件170之高度B，係與模板30側板部33之高度 D相同尺寸。若隔件170之高度B比模板30側板部33之 高度D低，將混凝土灌設至模板30之高度上限時，混凝土 就從隔件170上方漏出外部。另方面，若隔件170之高度B 比模板30側板部33之高度D高，就不能將其他模板重疊 在混凝土模板構造180上側來設置。又，若不灌設混凝土 至模板30之高度上限時，或在混凝土模板構造180上側不 重疊其他模板來設置時，未必要使隔件170之高度B與模 板30側板部33之高度D相同。 又’隔件170之混凝土接觸面177a之水平方向的寬度 ’較佳者爲在能安裝鎖緊構件之範圍內盡量取短，具體而 言，較佳者爲100mm以下。若混凝土接觸面177a之水平方 向的寬度超過100mm，使用於隔件170之材料量就多。因 隔件170被鎖緊構件鎖緊而受損，轉用次數成爲比模板30 少，故若使用材料量多之隔件，就不經濟。 又’隔件170之連結板部n5b被鎖緊構件夾住之部分 的厚度Τ’較佳者最薄爲12mm，使分離件22更容易貫通 。被鎖緊構件夾住之部分的厚度T若係未滿12mm，連結板 部175b之強度有時會不足。 32 200301795 又，隔件170凹部173之寬度W，較佳者爲以能收容 鎖緊具23之皿板24的寬度爲下限，盡量取狹窄。若能使 隔件170凹部173之寬度W盡量狹窄，因配合它亦能使混 凝土接觸面177a之寬度狹窄，故能減少隔件170之材料量 ，而經濟。 又，在隔件170之連結板部175b，鎖緊構件所抵接之 部分的補強肋172間隔，較佳者爲比鎖緊構件所抵接之面 寬度狹窄。若鎖緊構件所抵接之部分的補強肋172間隔， 比鎖緊構件所抵接之面寬度狹窄，就能以補強肋172支撐 鎖緊構件之鎖緊所產生之壓力，故能防止模板30之破損。 具體而言，較佳者爲連結板部175b，在匹鎖21(鎖緊構件） 及皿板24(鎖緊構件）之間至少設置2個補強肋172。 隔件170，例如，藉由塑膠材料之擠壓成形等，將板 171、171及補強肋172成形爲一體來製造。塑膠材料，可 舉與形態例1之隔件40相同者。又，構成隔件170之板 171及補強肋172之厚度，雖亦未特別限定，但若考慮機械 強度及輕量化時，例如，1〜3mm爲適合。 其次，說明本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的組裝方法（ 模板之蓋建方法）之一例。 首先，在複數個隔件170之插穿孔174插穿，設有匹 鎖21之圓棒狀分離件22之一端。 接著，以模板30側板部33之外側表面38與隔件170 之表面176a接觸之方式，且以混凝土灌設面31及隔件170 之混凝土接觸面177a成爲同一平面之方式，將模板30與 33 200301795 隔件170交替排成一列。 並且，在分離件22之另一端，嵌入另外之隔件17〇， 同樣，以混凝土灌設面31相對之方式，將模板30與隔件 170交替再排成另一列。 接著，將鎖緊具23以螺合安裝於分離件22之兩端， 以在分離件22之匹鎖21與鎖緊具23基端部之皿板24之 間夾住隔件170之連結板部175b之方式，保持隔件170。 再者，在鎖緊具23上下配置方形管所構成之一對橫跨 材25，以支撐該等橫跨材之墊片26及固定墊片26之楔子 27，將橫跨材25固定爲抵接於模板30側板部33、補強板 部35及隔件170之側板部側面的狀態。藉由配設此橫跨材 25，模板30，就不會因混凝土灌設時之混凝土壓力向外側 膨脹。 又，圖示例之模板30及隔件Π0雖最後以橫跨材25 確實固定，然亦可將模板30及隔件Π0以後述之夾子等連 結機構暫時固定。 又’其他組裝方法例如：預先將分離件22、匹鎖21、 鎖緊具23等模板用構件暫時固定於隔件no,邊將隔件 170夾在模板30間，邊蓋建模板30的方法等。 如以上所說明之混凝土模板連結構造丨8〇,因將隔件 170，以其側板部表面176a接觸於模板30側板部33之方式 ，配設於所相鄰接之模板30側板部33間，並且，因將分 離件22插穿於此隔件Π0之插穿孔174，故不須在模板30 穿設分離件22之插穿孔。又，因以鎖緊構件僅鎖緊隔件 34 200301795 170，故僅由隔件170承受鎖緊所產生之變形、有時發生之 損傷。因此，即使沿用由習知三夾板等所構成之膠合板製 模板所使用之匹鎖21、鎖緊具23等容易集中壓力在一點 的模板用構件時，亦不會使模板30破損。因此，能增加模 板30之轉用次數。 又，混凝土模板連結構造180，混凝土灌設後脫模時， 藉由先脫拔隔件170，在模板30左右產生間隙，使模板30 之脫模容易。 又，混凝土模板連結構造180之模板30及隔件170， 因係塑膠製，故耐久性良好，超過轉用次數後能當作塑膠 材料回收再利用。又，模板30及隔件170，因係塑膠製， 故混凝土離型性良好，不需要混凝土剝離劑。 又，模板30，因係塑膠製，具有：堰板部32，其一面 成爲混凝土灌設面31 ;及側板部33，從堰板部32之兩側 緣向堰板部32之混凝土灌設面31之相反側直角彎曲，故 不需要用以固定棧木的打釘作業，施工性良好，亦沒有打 釘所帶來的耐久性之降低。 如上所述，混凝土模板連結構造180，因不須在模板 30穿設分離件22之插穿孔，即使使用習知之膠合板製模板 用構件亦不會使模板30破損，不需要混凝土剝離劑，對棧 木之固定或模板30之連結不需要打釘作業，故使用於混凝 土模板連結構造180之模板30的轉用次數，就比習知膠合 板製模板能大幅增加而降低成本。 又，在隔件170混凝土接觸面177a之相反側面，形成 35 200301795 凹部173，因在此凹部173收容鎖緊具23之皿板24，故不 會在橫跨材25，與隔件170及模板30側板部33之間夾住 皿板24。其結果，因橫跨材25會抵接於模板30側板部33 、補強板部35、隔件170，故能確實固定模板30，能保持 混凝土表面爲平面。 又，此模板30，因係將堰板部32、側板部33及補強 板部35以2片板36與連結該等板之複數個長形補強肋37 成形爲一體的中空狀，故重量輕且具有足夠的機械強度。 又，此模板30，因在堰板部32之混凝土灌設面31之 背面34，設置平行於側板部33之補強板部35，故更提高 耐久性、耐壓性。 又，隔件170之寬度A，因係模板30側板部33之寬度 B以下，故能使隔件170之混凝土接觸面177a與堰板部32 之混凝土灌設面31爲同一平面，灌設完成之混凝土表面不 會在模板30之接縫處形成凹凸，能保持混凝土表面爲平面 〇 又，隔件170之混凝土接觸面177a的水平方向寬度， 因比混凝土灌設面31之水平方向寬度短，故使用於隔件 170之材料量少，而經濟。 又，隔件170，因係將板171，與連結板171間之長形 補強肋172成形爲一體，故重量輕且具有足夠的機械強度 〇 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，並不限定於圖示 例者’只要在模板之間配設本發明之隔件，任何形態均可 36 200301795 又，隔件之材質，並不限定於塑膠，除此以外，亦可 使用木材或鋁等金屬材料等。又，隔件不限定於中空者， 除圖示例之塑膠中空材外，亦可使用發泡塑膠等純材。 又，模板，不限定於中空之塑膠製，例如，亦可使用 純FRP(纖維強化塑膠）製，中空狀或板狀之金屬製等。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造，亦可將彎曲成截 面门字形之夾子，嵌入模板30側板部33及隔件170側板 部175a，以夾持嵌入模板30側板部33及隔件170側板部 175a之方式，來連結（暫時固定）模板30。 又，使用夾子之連結手段（暫時固定機構）以外，亦可 使用將夾住隔件之側板部彼此，藉由打進釘、銷等來固定 的連結機構。 又，在隔件170，未必要預先穿設插穿孔174。插穿孔 174，亦可在混凝土灌設現場決定插入分離件22之位置後 ，在現場穿設。又，此時，因隔件Π0係中空，故插穿孔 174之穿設僅對板171進行即可，能容易進行。又，因隔件 170係塑膠製，故插穿孔174之穿設容易。 又，若在現場穿設隔件之插穿孔時，爲使穿設用之鑽 頭前端位於隔件側面中央而不橫偏地容易穿開插穿孔，亦 可在隔件側面沿長邊方向設置鑽頭引導用凹槽。 又，本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的模板，不限定於 圖5所示者，例如，在堰板部32之寬度狹窄時，能省略補 強板部。 37 200301795 又，設置模板時所使用之分離件，並不限定於圖示例 之圓棒狀者，例如，能使用平板狀者等周知之分離件。 又，匹鎖、鎖緊構件，亦不限定於圖示例者，例如， 能使用帽型匹鎖等周知者。 【產業上之利用可能性】 本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件，係將複數個混凝土 模板排列配置時配設於相鄰之混凝土模板側板部之間者， 故能將使用於習知膠合板製模板的模板構件沿用在混凝土 模板連結構造，而不須將模板構件用之孔或槽設於模板本 體。 藉由使用此種隔件，能將可回收再利用之塑膠製模板 作爲習知膠合板製模板的代替模板，使塑膠製模板普及。 【圖式簡單說明】 (一）圖式部分 圖1，係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之一例的立 體圖。 圖2 ’係表示圖1之模板連結部分的主要部立體圖。 圖3 ’係表示圖1之模板連結部分的主要部俯視圖。 圖4，係表示本發明之混凝土模板連、結用隔件之一例的 立體圖。 圖5 ’係表示使用於本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的混 凝土模板之一例的立體圖。 圖6，係表示模板連結部分之其他例的主要部立體圖。 圖7 ’係表示使用於本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的混 38 200301795 凝土模板之其他例的立體圖。 圖8，係混凝土模板之堰板部的放大俯視圖。 圖9，係圖8混凝土灌設面的放大截面圖。 圖10,係表示混凝土模板灌設面之其他例的放大截面 圖。 圖11，係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的立體圖。 圖12，係表示圖11之模板連結部分的主要部立體圖。 圖13，係表示圖11之模板連結部分的主要部俯視圖。 圖14’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件之其他 例的立體圖。 圖15’係表示使用於本發明之混凝土模板連結構造的 混凝土模板之其他例的立體圖。 匱I 16 ’係表不混凝土模板連結構造之組裝方法之一例 的俯視圖。 B 17’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的主要部俯視圖。 匱I 18’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的主要部俯視圖。 Μ 19’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的主要部俯視圖。 1« 20’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的主要部立體圖。 W 21’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 39 200301795 的主要部俯視圖。 ffl 22’彳系表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的主要部俯視圖。 圖23’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的主要部俯視圖。 匱I 24’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的主要部俯視圖。 圖25’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結構造之其他例 的立體圖。 圖26 ’係表示圖25之模板連結部分的主要部立體圖。 圖27 ’係表示圖25之模板連結部分的主要部俯視圖。 圖28’係表示本發明之混凝土模板連結用隔件之其他 例的立體圖。 圖29，係表示皿板接觸橫跨材之狀態的圖，係將隔件 於高度方向切斷時的截面圖。 圖30,係表示皿板接觸橫跨材之狀態的主要部俯視圖 〇 圖31，係表示習知混凝土模板之一例的立體圖。 圖32,係表示習知混凝土模板連結構造之一例的立體 圖。 (=)元件代表符號 、30、60 模板 U、31、61、135、136、 混凝土灌設面 M5、146、155、156 200301795 12、 32、62 堰板部 13、 33、63、91、101、 側板部 m、m、m、14 卜 151、16 卜 175a 14、 34、64 背面 15、 35、65 補強板部 16、 36、4卜 66、7：1、171 板 17、 37、42、67、72、172 補助肋200301795 (2) [Explanation of the Invention] [Technical Field to which the Invention belongs] The present invention relates to a concrete formwork connection structure in which a plurality of concrete formwork are arranged and arranged. Specifically, it relates to: a concrete formwork connection structure, which can be used in three ways. Plywood and other formwork components such as plywood formwork, such as plywood, do not need to be perforated into the formwork; and concrete formwork connection spacers can use the formwork components used in plywood formwork. The structure is connected to the concrete formwork without perforating the formwork. [Prior art] It is known that the formwork for concrete placement (hereinafter referred to as "concrete formwork" or simply "formwork") is used for reasons such as low cost, easy nailing, light weight, etc. A plywood template made by stacking wood on the back of the weir plate. However, this plywood formwork has the following disadvantages: (1) the fixing of the stack and the connection of the formwork require nailing operations, and the construction is not good; (ii) due to nailing and the concrete stripping agent coated on the surface of the weir, Make the template vulnerable to damage 'The number of reuses is small (for example, about 5 times); (iii) Templates that exceed the number of reuses cannot be recycled and reused as wood, but have to be disassembled and burned. To solve these problems, a lightweight plastic formwork has been proposed that can be recycled. FIG. 31 ′ shows an example of such a plastic concrete formwork. The formwork 10 has: a hollow weir plate portion 12, one side of which is a concrete pouring surface ii; and a hollow side plate portion 13, which extends from both sides of the weir plate portion 12 toward The concrete pouring surface 11 of the weir plate portion 12 is bent at a right angle on the opposite side; and two hollow reinforcing plate portions 15 are provided on the back surface 14 of the weir plate portion 2 and parallel to the side plate portion 13, the weir plate portion 12, and the side plate portion 13. The reinforcing plate portion 15 is a hollow plate formed by integrally forming two plates 16 and 16 and a plurality of long auxiliary ribs 17 connecting the plates. Referring to FIG. 32, the construction (setting) of this template 10 is explained as follows. First, a plurality of templates 10 are aligned in such a manner that the outer surface 18 of the side plate portion 13 contacts each other. Next, a circular rod-shaped separator 22 is inserted into the insertion hole 20 penetrating the weir plate portion 12 of the template 10, and locks 21 are provided near the two ends of the separator 22, that is, the opposite template 10 is maintained at a predetermined interval. Fixings. Next, a locking tool 23 called a floating lock (registered trademark) is screwed on the end of the separating member 22, and the weir plate portion 12 is clamped between the base 21 of the locking member 21 and the locking tool 23 of the separating member 22. The template 10 is held between the outer plate 24 of the outer plate. Similarly, the plurality of formwork plates 10 are reloaded in such a manner that the concrete pouring surface 11 faces each other, and U 5 is used to let the hand pierce through the li 20 and the piercing separation member 22. Next, a locking tool 23 is screwed on the end of the separating member 22, and the weir plate portion 12 is sandwiched between the lock 21 of the separating member 22 and the dish plate 24 at the base of the locking tool 23 to hold the template 10 . Furthermore, a pair of cross members 25 made of a square tube are arranged above and below the locking device 23, and the cross members 25 are fixed by the spacers 26 supporting the cross members 25 and the wedges 27 fixing the spacers 26. In a state of being in contact with the side surfaces of the side plate portion 13 and the reinforcing plate portion 15. By disposing the cross member 25, the formwork 10 is prevented from expanding outward due to the concrete pressure when the concrete is poured. . [Summary of the Invention] 7 200301795 (I) Technical problem to be solved by the invention However, the weir plate portion 12 of the template 10 is formed by forming two thin plates 16 (thickness about 2 mm) and reinforcing ribs 17 connecting the plates. As a one-piece hollow plate, the strength of the plate 16 is not sufficient for fixing the lock plate 21 and the plate 24 of the locking device 23 arranged on both sides of the weir plate portion 12. Therefore, if a template member 21, a locking tool 23 or the like that is conventionally used for plywood molds is still used, it is easy to cause the template 10 to be damaged if the pressure is concentrated on one point. Based on the above reasons, it is known that plastic formwork is difficult to use the components of such conventional formwork, and special shapes of special parts must be used. Therefore, it is actually difficult to install a plastic template in the form shown in Fig. 32. In addition, the inability to use the conventional template members also hinders the popularization of plastic template. In addition, it is not limited to plastic formwork. Inserting perforations or engraving grooves in the metal formwork and plywood formwork to insert and separate parts is also disadvantageous to the strength and durability of the formwork. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete formwork connection structure, which can be used for formwork components such as a lock and a floating lock (registered trademark) used in a conventional plywood formwork composed of a conventional triple plywood, without the need for a formwork. The holes or grooves used for the components are in the formwork body; and the concrete formwork connection spacers can be used for the formwork connection structure of the plywood formwork. (II) Technical means for solving the problem The spacer for connecting concrete formwork of the present invention is arranged between adjacent concrete formwork side plates when a plurality of concrete formwork are arranged and arranged. By using such a spacer, the template 200301795 used in the conventional plywood formwork can be used in the connection structure of the concrete formwork without the need to provide holes or grooves for the formwork member in the formwork body. In addition, the spacer for connecting the concrete formwork of the present invention preferably has a locking mechanism for locking the concrete formwork on the surface contacting the concrete formwork. This kind of spacer can prevent the concrete formwork from shifting because it can lock the concrete formwork. Further, in the spacer for connecting concrete formwork of the present invention, it is preferable that a concave portion capable of accommodating the locking member is formed on the surface opposite to the concrete contact surface. This type of spacer can keep the concrete surface flat because the spanning material does not abut the locking member. The spacer for connecting the concrete formwork of the present invention is preferably made of plastic. Such a spacer is lightweight, has good workability, has high durability, and can be recycled. In addition, it is possible to easily insert the perforation of the separating member. Moreover, the spacer for concrete formwork connection of the present invention is preferably hollow. This kind of spacer is lighter, and the installation of the perforation of the separation member is easy. Also, the spacer for connecting the concrete formwork of the present invention is preferably a two-piece board and a length connecting the boards. The shape-reinforcing ribs are formed into one body. This spacer is lightweight and has sufficient mechanical strength. In addition, the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention is configured by placing a plurality of concrete forms at a certain interval with the side plates of the concrete form facing each other, and matching the spacers for connecting the concrete formwork of the present invention so as to contact the side plates of the concrete formwork. It is arranged between the adjacent side plates of the concrete formwork, and the rod-shaped separator is inserted through the perforation of the spacer for connecting the concrete formwork. This type of concrete 200301795 soil template connection structure can be used in the template members used in conventional plywood templates, without the need to set holes or slots for template members in the template body. The concrete formwork connecting structure of the present invention is preferably a side plate portion and a spacer for connecting the concrete formwork, and has a locking mechanism capable of engaging with each other. This kind of concrete formwork connection structure can prevent the deviation of the arrangement of the concrete formwork, and can perform the pouring of the concrete well. In addition, the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention is preferably the same in the vertical height of the concrete formwork and the concrete formwork connection spacer, and the concrete formwork connection spacer has a concrete formwork adjacent to the concrete formwork. The faces become faces on the same plane. This kind of concrete formwork and structure construction can make concrete pouring better. In addition, the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention is preferably a concrete formwork connection spacer, which is sandwiched by two locking members, and the horizontal width of the surface of the concrete formwork connection spacer which contacts the locking member, is It is larger than the maximum width of the contact surface of the locking member contacting the concrete formwork spacer. This type of concrete formwork connection structure, because the formwork is not deformed or damaged, can increase the number of times the formwork is reused. In addition, since the template can be easily inserted into the spacer, the assembly workability is excellent. The concrete formwork is preferably made of plastic. This formwork has good workability, high durability, and can be recycled. The concrete formwork is preferably hollow. This formwork is light in weight and has better workability. In addition, it is preferable that the weir plate portion and the side plate portion of the concrete form are formed by integrally forming two plates and a plurality of long reinforcing ribs connecting the plates. This type of template is lightweight and has sufficient mechanical strength. In addition, the connection method of the concrete formwork of the present invention is a plastic concrete formwork having a weir plate portion and a side plate portion (the one side of the weir plate portion becomes a concrete pouring surface; the side plate portion is connected from the weir plate The two sides of the part are bent at right angles to the opposite side of the concrete pouring surface of the weir plate portion.) The configuration is such that the concrete pouring surfaces become the same plane, and spacers are arranged between the side plate portions, and the spacers are inserted and separated. Pieces. According to the connection method of such a concrete formwork, even if a plastic hollow formwork is used as a formwork, it can still be used as a formwork member for a conventional plywood formwork. [Embodiment] [A preferred embodiment of the invention] Fig. 1 is a general view showing an example of a concrete template connection structure of the present invention, and Figs. 2 and 3 are views showing a main part of the connection structure. This concrete formwork connection structure 50 is to arrange a plurality of formwork pieces 30 at a certain interval so that the side plates 33 of the formwork 30 face each other. The spacer 40 (partition for concrete formwork connection) is in contact with the formwork 30 on both surfaces. 3 The way of the outer side surface is arranged between the adjacent plate 30 side plate portions 33, the rod-shaped separator 22 is inserted through the insertion hole 44 of the spacer 40, and the spacer 40 and the plate 30 side plate portion 33 are installed. The lock 21 (locking member) of the separation piece 22 and the plate 24 (locking member) of the locker 23 are clamped from the two sides and locked, and the squares arranged above and below the locker 23 are locked. A pair of cross members 25 formed by the pipes are fixed by the spacers 26 supporting the cross members and the wedges 27 fixing the spacers 26 to form contact with the side plate portion 33, the reinforcing plate portion 35, and the spacer 40. State of the side. 11 200301795 Here, the partition member 40, as shown in FIG. 4, is a hollow flat plate-shaped member, and the two plates 41, 41 and the long reinforcing ribs 42 connecting these plates are formed into one body. There are insertion holes 44 penetrating from one side surface 43 to the other side surface 43. As shown in FIG. 5, the formwork 30 includes a hollow weir plate portion 32, one side of which is a concrete pouring surface 31, and a hollow side plate portion 33, which concrete fills the weir plate portion 32 from both sides of the weir plate portion 32. It is assumed that the opposite side of the surface 31 is bent at a right angle; and two hollow reinforcing plate portions 35 are provided on the back surface 34 of the weir plate portion 32 and are parallel to the side plate portion 33. The weir plate portion 32, the side plate portion 33, and the reinforcing plate portion 35 are formed of a hollow flat plate, and the two plates 36, 36 and a plurality of long reinforcing ribs 37 connecting the plates are formed as one body. The width A of the spacer 40 is the same as the width C of the side plate portion 33. If the width A of the spacer 40 is shorter than the width C of the side plate portion 33, when the side surface 43 of the spacer 40 is on the same plane as the concrete pouring surface 31, then the other side of the spacer 40 and the plate of the locking device 23 There will be a gap between 24. Therefore, when concrete is placed, the spacer 40 easily moves to the side of the gap due to the concrete pressure, and the concrete surface after the placement is prone to form a convex shape at the joints of the formwork 30, and there is a concern that the concrete surface cannot be kept flat. On the other hand, if the width A of the spacer 40 is longer than the width C of the side plate portion 33 and the cross member 25 is fixed in a state of contacting the side surfaces of the side plate portion 33, the reinforcing plate portion 35, and the spacer 40, the spacer 40 On the other side, the concrete pouring surface 31 protrudes. Therefore, the concrete surface after the pouring is easy to form a concave shape at the joints of the formwork 30, and there is a concern that the concrete surface cannot be kept flat. The height B of the spacer 40 is the same as the height D of the side plate portion 33. 12 200301795. If the height B of the partition 40 is lower than the height D of the side plate portion 33, when the concrete is poured to the upper limit of the formwork 30, the concrete leaks from above the partition 40 to the outside. On the other hand, if the height B of the partition member 40 is higher than the height D of the side plate portion 33, it is impossible to install another formwork on the upper side of the concrete formwork connection structure 50. In addition, when the concrete is not poured to the upper limit of the formwork 30, or when other concrete formwork structures are not superposed on the concrete formwork structure 50, it is not necessary to make the height B of the spacer 40 and the height D of the side plate portion 33 the same. The spacer 40 is manufactured by integrally forming the plates 41 and 41 and the reinforcing ribs 42 by, for example, extrusion molding of a plastic material. Examples of plastic materials include polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, ABS resin, nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Among them, polypropylene is suitable for use because it has better mechanical strength, concrete release properties, and alkali resistance (concrete resistance). From the viewpoint of recycling, the same plastic material as the template 30 is preferred. The thicknesses of the two plates 41 and the reinforcing ribs 42 constituting the spacer 40 are not particularly limited, but when considering the mechanical strength and weight reduction, for example, 1 to 3 mm is suitable. The template 30 is manufactured by integrally molding the weir plate portion 32, the side plate portion 33, and the reinforcing plate portion 35 by, for example, extrusion molding of a plastic material. Examples of plastic materials include polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, ABS resin, nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Among them, polypropylene is suitable for use because it has better mechanical strength, concrete release properties, and alkali resistance (concrete resistance). The dimensions such as the thickness, width, and height of the weir plate portion 32, the side plate portion 33, and the reinforcing plate portion 35 are not particularly limited. For example, they are set to approximately the same size as those of a conventional plywood template. The thicknesses of the two plates 36 and the reinforcing ribs 37 constituting the weir plate portion 32, the side plate portion 33, and the reinforcing plate portion 35 are not particularly limited, but when mechanical strength and weight reduction are considered, for example, 1 to 3 mm is Suitable for. Next, an example of a method of assembling a concrete formwork connection structure (formwork construction method) of the present invention will be described. First, a plurality of spacers 40 are inserted through the perforations 44 and one end of a round rod-shaped separator 22 of a lock 21 is provided. Next, the formwork 30 and the spacer 40 are formed so that the outer surface 38 of the side plate portion 33 of the formwork 30 is in contact with the surface 45 of the spacer 40 and the concrete pouring surface 31 and the side surface 43 of the spacer 40 become the same plane. Alternately lined up. In addition, another spacer 40 is embedded in the other end of the separating member 22, and the formwork 30 and the spacer 40 are alternately arranged in another row so that the concrete pouring surface 31 faces each other. Next, the locking tool 23 is screwed on both ends of the separating member 22 to sandwich the side plate portion 33 and the spacer between the lock 21 of the separating member 22 and the plate 24 at the base end of the locking tool 23. The width direction of 40 holds the template 30 and the spacer 40. Furthermore, a pair of cross members 25 composed of square pipes is arranged above and below the locking device 23 to support the spacers 26 of the cross members and the wedges 27 of the fixing members 26, and the cross members 25 are fixed to abut against State of the side surfaces of the side plate portion 33, the reinforcing plate portion 35, and the spacer 40. By arranging this cross member 25 and formwork 30, it will not expand outward due to the concrete pressure during concrete placement. In addition, other assembly methods may include: temporarily fixing the template members such as the separating member 22, the lock 21, and the locking tool 23 to the spacer 40 temporarily, sandwiching the spacer 40 between the templates 30, and constructing the template 30 Methods etc. As described above, the concrete formwork connection structure 50 is such that the spacer 40 is disposed between the adjacent formwork 30 side plate parts 33 so that both surfaces 45 contact the formwork 30 side plate parts 33, and the separator 22 The perforation 44 of the partitioning member 40 is inserted through the partitioning member 40, so it is not necessary to insert the perforation of the separating member 22 in the template 30. In addition, the concrete formwork connection structure 50 receives the locking pressure generated by the lock 21 of the separator 22 and the plate 24 at the base end of the locking tool 23 in the width direction of the spacer 40 and the side plate portion 33. With sufficient strength to resist pressure. Therefore, even if the template members 21, locks 23, and the like used in a plywood template composed of a conventional triple plywood are used, the template 30 will not be damaged. / In addition, when the concrete formwork connection structure 50 is demoulded after the concrete is poured, a gap is created around the formwork 30 by first removing the spacer 40 to make it easy to demould the formwork 30. In addition, the formwork 30 and the spacer 40 of the concrete formwork connection structure 50 are made of plastic, so they have good durability, and can be recycled and reused as plastic materials after the number of reuses. In addition, since the formwork 30 and the spacer 40 are made of plastic, the release property of the concrete is good, and a concrete peeling agent is not required. The formwork 30 is made of plastic and has a weir plate portion 32, one side of which is a concrete pouring surface 31, and a side plate portion 33 that concrete is poured from both sides of the weir plate portion 32 to the weir plate portion 32. The opposite side of the surface 31 is bent at right angles. 15 200301795 Therefore, it is not necessary to use nailing to fix the stack of wood, and the workability is good, and there is no reduction in durability caused by nailing. As mentioned above, the concrete formwork connection structure 50 does not need to insert a perforation of the separation member 22 in the formwork 30, and the formwork 30 will not be damaged even if a conventional plywood formwork member is used, and no concrete peeling agent is needed. The fixing of the wood or the connection of the formwork 30 does not require nailing operations, so the number of re-use of the formwork 30 used in the concrete formwork connection structure 50 can be greatly increased compared with the conventional plywood formwork, and the cost can be reduced. In addition, this template 30 is hollow because the weir plate portion 32, the side plate portion 33, and the reinforcing plate portion 35 are formed into a single hollow body with two plates 36 and a plurality of long reinforcing ribs 37 connecting the plates. And has sufficient mechanical strength. In addition, since the formwork 30 is provided with a reinforcing plate portion 35 parallel to the side plate portion 33 on the back surface 34 of the concrete pouring surface 31 of the weir plate portion 32, durability and pressure resistance are further improved. Moreover, since the width A of the spacer 40 is the same as the width C of the side plate portion 33, the side surface 43 of the spacer 40 and the concrete pouring surface 31 of the weir plate portion 32 become the same plane, and the finished concrete surface will not Concavities and convexities are formed at the joints of the formwork 30 to keep the concrete surface flat. The spacer 40 is formed by integrally forming two plates 41 and the long reinforcing ribs 42 connecting the plates, so that the spacer 40 is lightweight and has sufficient mechanical strength. In addition, the connection structure of the concrete formwork of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples. As long as the spacers of the present invention are arranged between the forms, any form is possible. The material of the spacers is not limited to plastic. In addition, 16 200301795 can also use metal materials such as wood or aluminum. In addition, the partition is not limited to those that are hollow. In addition to the plastic hollow materials shown in the figure, pure materials such as foamed plastic can also be used. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention can also be obtained by bending the clip 55 having a cross section Π shape from the two side plate portions 33 and the side of the spacer 40 sandwiched between the side plate portions 33. The square plate is inserted to connect (temporarily fix) the template 30 so as to sandwich the side plate portion 33 and the spacer 40. The clip 55 can be made of metal or plastic. Among them, plastics are preferred from the viewpoint of rusting and the like. Further, in addition to the coupling mechanism (temporary fixing mechanism) using a clip, a coupling mechanism that fixes the side plate portions that sandwich the spacer to each other by driving nails, pins, or the like may be used. In addition, it is not necessary to insert a perforation 44 in the spacer 40 in advance. The perforation 44 can also be inserted at the site of concrete placement, and after the position of the separation member 22 is determined, it can be installed at the site. At this time, since the spacer 40 is hollow, the insertion of the penetration hole 44 can be performed only on the side surface 43 and the reinforcing rib 42, and can be easily performed. In addition, since the spacer 40 is made of plastic, the insertion of the perforation 44 is easy. In addition, when inserting the perforation of the spacer on the site, in order to make the front end of the inserting drill located at the center of the side of the spacer without laterally inserting the perforation easily, a bit guide can also be provided on the side of the spacer along the long side. With grooves. In addition, the number of the reinforcing ribs of the spacer 40 is not limited to two as shown in the example, one may be, or three or more may be used. It is not necessary to provide a reinforcing rib. The number of reinforcing ribs is appropriately set according to the width of the spacer or the required strength. The formwork of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 5. For example, when the width of the weir plate portion 32 is narrow, as shown in FIG. 7, the reinforcing plate portion can be omitted. The template is not limited to a hollow plastic. For example, a pure FRP (fiber-reinforced plastic), a hollow or plate-shaped metal can also be used. In addition, the concrete pouring surface of the formwork can be comprehensive to form convex strips or grooves. The ridges or grooves can be, for example, fine stripe-shaped irregularities extending in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. By using such a template, unevenness can be formed on the surface of the concrete after the completion of the pouring. In this way, when a mortar is applied to a concrete surface having unevenness on the surface, it is not easy for the mud to peel off. The maximum height of the bump (Ry), preferably 0. 2 ~ 2mm. If the maximum height (Ry) is less than 0. 2mm, it is not easy to show unevenness on the finished concrete surface, and there is concern about the insufficient adhesion of mud on the concrete surface. On the other hand, if the maximum height (Ry) exceeds 2 mm, it is difficult for the completed concrete surface to be separated from the concrete pouring surface 31 of the formwork 30, and there is a concern that the mold release property may be reduced. Maximum height (Ry), more preferably 0. 3 ~ 1imm. Here, the maximum height (Ry) refers to the interval between the top line and the bottom line of the reference length L as shown in FIG. 9. The maximum height (Ry) is measured in accordance with JIS B0601. In addition, the reference length L is 0. specified by JIS B0601. 08, 0. 25, 0. 8, 2. It is suitable to choose from 5, 8, and 25 (mm). As shown in Fig. 10, when a plurality of grooves or ridges are formed instead of irregularities, the depth (d) of the grooves is defined as the maximum height (Ry). The local peak interval (S) adjacent to the bump is preferably 0. 3 ~ 5mm. If the local peak interval (S) is less than 0. At 3mm, the texture of the unevenness becomes fine, and it is not easy to show unevenness on the concrete surface after the placement, and there is concern about the lack of adhesion of the concrete on the concrete surface. 18 200301795 On the other hand, if the local peak interval (s) exceeds 5 mm, the number of irregularities per unit area becomes insufficient, and there is concern about the insufficient adhesion of the mud on the surface of the completed concrete. Local peak interval (S), more preferably 0. 5 ~ 3mm. Here, the local peak interval (S) is an average 如图 S of the intervals S1, S2, S3, · •• between adjacent local peaks of the reference length L portion as shown in Fig. 9. The measurement of the local peak interval (S) is based on JIS B0601. In addition, the reference length L is from 0; specified in JIS B0601. 08, 0. 25, 0. 8, 2. It is suitable to choose from 5, 8, and 25 (mm). In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, when a plurality of grooves are formed instead of asperities, the interval between the local valley bottoms adjacent to the grooves is prescribed instead of the local peak interval ⑸. The separator used when setting the template is not limited to those with round rods as shown in the figure. For example, well-known separators such as flat ones can be used. In addition, the lock and the locking member are not limited to those shown in the drawings. For example, a known person such as a hat-shaped lock can be used. (Form example 2) Fig. 11 is an overall view showing another example of the connection structure of the concrete formwork of the present invention, and Figs. 12 and 13 are views showing main parts of the connection structure. The concrete formwork connection structure 80 is a plurality of formwork pieces 60 arranged at a certain interval with the side plates 63 of the formwork 60 facing each other, and a partition 70 (partition for concrete formwork connection) is arranged on the side plate portion of the adjacent formwork 60 63, the rod-shaped separator 22 is inserted through the insertion hole 74 of the separator 70, and the separator 70 and the side plate portion 63 of the template 60 are installed by the lock 21 (19 200301795 locking member) installed on the separator 22. ) And the plate 24 (locking member) of the locking tool 23 are clamped from the two sides, and a pair of cross members 25 formed by square pipes arranged above and below the locking tool 23 are used. The spacers 26 supporting the spanning members and the wedges 27 fixing the spacers 26 are fixed to form a state of abutting the side surfaces of the side plate portion 63, the reinforcing plate portion 65, and the spacer 70. Here, as shown in FIG. 14, the spacer 70 is a hollow member, and the two plates 71, 71 and the long reinforcing ribs 72 connecting the plates are formed into one body. To the other side 73 of the insertion hole 74. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the formwork 60 has a hollow weir plate portion 62 with one side thereof serving as a concrete pouring surface 61 and a hollow side plate portion 63 that extends from both sides of the weir plate portion 62 to the concrete of the weir plate portion 62. The opposite side of the pouring surface 61 is bent at a right angle; and two hollow reinforcing plate portions 65 are provided on the back surface 64 of the weir plate portion 62 and are parallel to the side plate portion 63. The weir plate portion 62, the side plate portion 63, and the reinforcing plate portion 65 are formed of a hollow flat plate, and the two plates 66, 66 and a plurality of long reinforcing ribs 67 connecting the plates 66, 66 are integrally formed. Further, on the surface of the spacer 70 that is in contact with the side plate portion 63, a fitting projection 76 (locking mechanism) having the same height as the spacer 70 is formed. Further, a rectangular fitting recessed portion 69 (locking mechanism) is formed on the surface of the side plate portion 63 in contact with the spacer 70 at the same height as the template 60. Further, the fitting convex portion 76 of the spacer 70 and the fitting concave portion 69 of the template 60 have a shape capable of being fitted to each other. Further, the fitting convex portion 76 of the spacer 70 is fitted into the fitting concave portion 69 of the template 60 to connect the adjacent templates 60 and 60 to each other. In the example shown in the figure, the spacer 70 and the fitting convex portion 76 are integrated. The width A of the spacer 70 is the same as the width C of the side plate portion 63. By 20 200301795, one side 73 (concrete contact surface) of the partition 70 and the concrete pouring surface 61 of the formwork 60 become the same plane, and the other side 73 of the partition 70 and the side 77 of the side plate portion 63 become the same plane. . If one side 73 (concrete contact surface) of the spacer 70 and the concrete pouring surface 61 of the formwork 60 are not in the same plane, the concrete surface after the placement is uneven at the joints of the formwork 60, and the concrete surface cannot be kept flat. . On the other hand, if one side 73 (concrete contact surface) of the spacer 70 protrudes, and the other side 73 of the spacer 70 and the side 77 of the side plate portion 63 are not in the same plane, the spanner 25 only abuts the spacer 70 It does not contact the reinforcing plate portion 65, so the formwork 60 will expand the gap between the cross member 25 and the reinforcing plate portion 65 due to the pressure when the concrete is poured. Therefore, there is a concern that the concrete surface cannot be kept flat. The height B of the spacer 70 is the same as the height D of the side plate portion 63. If the height B of the spacer 70 is lower than the height D of the side plate portion 63, when the concrete is poured to the upper limit of the formwork 60, the concrete leaks out from above the spacer 70 to the outside. On the other hand, if the height B of the spacer 70 is higher than the height D of the side plate portion 63, other formwork cannot be placed on the upper side of the concrete formwork structure 80. In addition, if the height of the concrete to the upper limit of the formwork 60 is not poured, or when no other formwork is set on the upper side of the concrete formwork structure 80, it is not necessary to make the height B of the spacer 70 and the height D of the side plate portion 63 the same. In addition, the thickness E of the spacer 70 is larger than the maximum width of the contact surface of the locking member (the lock 21 and the plate 24 of the locking device 23) contacting the side surface 73 of the spacer 70. If the thickness E of the spacer 70 is below the maximum width of the contact surface of the locking member, the side plate portion 63 is also locked. Therefore, the locking force may cause the side plate portion 63 to become 21 200301795 shape, or sometimes even damage the side plate portion 63. . Therefore, the number of reuses of the template 60 is reduced. On the other hand, if the thickness E of the spacer 70 is larger than the maximum width of the contact surface of the locking member that contacts the side surface 73 of the spacer 70, although the number of re-use of the spacer 70 is reduced, but because the template 60 is not deformed, No damage, so it can increase the number of reuse of templates. When the concrete formwork connection structure 80 is to be assembled, as shown in FIG. 16, the formwork 60 may be inserted into the spacer 70 which is locked by the locking member (the lock 21 and the plate 24 of the locking tool 23). . At this time, if the thickness of the spacer 70 is narrow, the lock 21 will be inclined, so the template 60 will hit the lock 21. Therefore, the template 60 is damaged, which not only reduces the number of reuses, but also reduces the embedding workability. The spacer 70 is manufactured by integrally forming the plates 71 and 71 and the reinforcing rib 72 by, for example, extrusion molding of a plastic material. The plastic material may be the same as the spacer 40 of the first embodiment. The thicknesses of the two plates 71 and the reinforcing ribs 72 constituting the spacer 70 are not particularly limited, but when considering mechanical strength and weight reduction, for example, 1 to 3 mm is suitable. The template 60 is manufactured by integrally molding the weir plate portion 62, the side plate portion 63, and the reinforcing plate portion 65, for example, by extrusion molding of a plastic material. The plastic material may be the same as the template 60 in the example. The dimensions such as the thickness, width, and height of the weir plate portion 62, the side plate portion 63, and the reinforcing plate portion 65 are not particularly limited. For example, they are set to approximately the same size as those of a conventional plywood template. The thicknesses of the two plates 66 and the reinforcing ribs 67 constituting the weir plate portion 62, the side plate portion 63, and the reinforcing plate portion 65 are not particularly limited, but when mechanical strength and weight reduction are considered, for example, 1 to 3 mm is Suitable for. 22 200301795 Next, an example of a connection method of a concrete formwork connection structure (formwork construction method) of the present invention will be described. First, one end of a round rod-shaped separator 22 of a lock 21 is inserted through the insertion holes 74 of the plurality of spacers 70. Next, the fitting convex portion 76 of the spacer 70 is fitted into the fitting concave portion 69 of the template 60, and the template 60 is formed so that the concrete pouring surface 61 and the side surface 73 (concrete contact surface) of the spacer 70 become the same plane. Arranged alternately with the spacer 70. . In addition, another spacer 70 is embedded in the other end of the separating member 22, and the formwork 60 and the spacer 70 are alternately arranged in another row so that the concrete pouring surface 61 faces each other. Next, the locking tool 23 is screwed on both ends of the separating member 22 to sandwich the partition member 70 between the lock 21 of the separating member 22 and the plate 24 at the base end of the locking tool 23. Hold the template 60 and the spacer 70. Furthermore, a pair of spanners 25 formed by a square pipe is arranged above and below the locking device 23 to support the spacers 26 and the wedges 27 of the fixing spacers 26 to fix the spanners 25 against each other. The state of being connected to the side surfaces of the side plate portion 63, the reinforcing plate portion 65, and the spacer 70. By arranging this spanner 25, the formwork 60 will not expand outward due to the concrete pressure during concrete placement. In addition, for other assembly methods, for example, the template members such as the separator 22, the lock 21, and the locking tool 23 are temporarily fixed to the spacer 70 in advance, while the spacer 70 is sandwiched between the templates 60 and 60, and the template 60 is built. Methods. As described above for the concrete formwork connection structure 80, the spacer 70 is arranged between the side plates 63 of the adjacent formwork 60, and the separator 22 is inserted 23 200301795 through the insertion hole 74 of the spacer 70, so It is not necessary to insert a perforation of the separating member 22 in the template 60. In addition, the concrete formwork connection structure 80, because the locking pressure generated by the lock 21 of the separating member 22 and the plate 24 at the base end of the locking tool 23 is orthogonal to the formwork 60 concrete placing surface of the spacer 70 61 direction to bear in the length direction, so it has sufficient strength. In addition, the thickness of the spacer 70 is larger than the maximum width of the contact surface of the locking member which contacts the side surface 73 of the spacer 70. Therefore, since only the locking spacer 70 is locked, only the spacer 70 can withstand the deformation caused by the locking or the damage that sometimes occurs. Therefore, even if the template members 21, locks 23, and the like used in the plywood template made of conventional three-plywood plates are used, the template 60 will not be damaged. Therefore, the template will not be deformed or damaged, and the number of reuses of the template 60 can be increased. In addition, the formwork 60 and the spacer 70 of the concrete formwork connection structure 80 are made of plastic, so they have good durability, and can be recycled and reused as plastic materials after the number of reuses. Moreover, since the formwork 60 and the spacer 70 are made of plastic, the release property of the concrete is good, and no concrete peeling agent is required. In addition, the formwork 60 is made of plastic and has a weir plate portion 62, one side of which is a concrete pouring surface 61, and a side plate portion 63, which extends from both sides of the weir plate portion 62 to the concrete pouring surface of the weir plate portion 62. The opposite side of 61 is bent at right angles, so no nailing operation is needed to fix the stacking wood, the workability is good, and there is no reduction in durability brought by nailing. As mentioned above, the concrete formwork connection structure 80 does not need to insert a perforation of the separating member 22 in the formwork 60, and even if a conventional plywood formwork member is used, the formwork 60 will not be damaged, and no concrete peeling agent is needed. No. 24 200301795 The fixing or the connection of the formwork 60 does not require nailing, so the number of reuses of the formwork 60 used in the concrete formwork connection structure 80 can be greatly increased compared with the conventional plywood formwork, and the cost can be reduced. In addition, the concrete formwork connection structure 80 can be assembled by preventing the formwork 60 and 60 from shifting from each other by fitting the fitting projections 76 of the spacer 70 to the fitting recesses 69 of the formwork 60. As a result, the concrete pouring surfaces 61 of the weir plate portion 62 can be easily made the same plane with each other, so that the concrete surfaces after the pouring can be easily made into the same plane. Further, if the thickness of the spacer 70 is larger than the maximum width of the contact surface of the locking member contacting the side surface 73 of the spacer 70, as shown in Fig. 13, the locking member does not contact the side plate portion 63. Therefore, when the concrete formwork connection structure 80 is assembled, first, a formwork 60 is installed, and the spacer 70 is installed on the formwork 60. After the locking member is locked, the other formwork 60 is installed on the spacer 70. Therefore, if the locking member does not contact the side plate portion 63 and the template 60 is fitted into the spacer 70, the template 60 does not hit the locking member, so the assembly work is good. The width A of the spacer 70 is the same as the width C of the side plate portion 63 because the side 73 (concrete contact surface) of the spacer 70 is the same plane as the concrete pouring surface 61 of the formwork 60, and the other side of the spacer 70 73 and the side 77 of the side plate portion 63 are the same plane, so the concrete surface after the completion of the construction will not form unevenness at the joints of the formwork 60, and it can improve the reinforcement effect of the cross member 25, and can prevent the formwork when concrete is placed 60 expansion, can keep the concrete surface flat. In addition, the spacer 70 is formed by integrating the two plates 71, 71 and the long reinforcing ribs 72 connecting the plates, so that the spacer 70 is lightweight and has sufficient mechanical strength 25 200301795 degrees. The template 60 has a hollow plate portion 62, a side plate portion 63, and a reinforcing plate portion 65. The plate 60 is formed of two plates 66 and a plurality of long reinforcing ribs 67 connecting the plates 66. Integrated, so it is lightweight and has sufficient mechanical strength. In addition, since the formwork 60 is provided with a reinforcing plate portion 65 parallel to the side plate portion 63 on the back surface 64 of the concrete pouring surface 61 of the weir plate portion 62, durability and pressure resistance are further improved. In addition, the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention is not limited to those shown in the drawings. As long as the spacers of the present invention are arranged between the formwork, the side plate portion and the spacers can be engaged with each other in any form. Other examples of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention are as follows. In the example shown in FIG. 17, the side surface 93 of the spacer 92 of the template side plate portion 91 is formed into a concave curved surface, and the two surfaces 94 of the spacer 92 are formed into a convex curved surface. The curvatures of these curved surfaces are approximately equal. , The side plate portion 91 can be engaged with the spacer 92. The example shown in FIG. 18 is to form a convex curved surface on the side surface 103 of the spacer 102 of the template side plate portion 101, and form a concave curved surface on both surfaces 104 of the spacer 102. The curvatures of these curved surfaces are approximately equal. , The side plate portion 101 and the spacer 102 can be engaged with each other. In the example shown in FIG. 19, the central portion 113 of the side surface 103 of the spacer 112 of the template side plate portion 111 is formed into a concave curved surface, and the central portion 114 of both surfaces of the spacer 112 is formed into a convex curved surface. The curvatures of the curved surfaces are substantially equal, and the side plate portion 111 and the spacer 112 can be engaged with each other. 26 200301795 The example shown in FIG. 20 has a protruding portion 124 on the side surface of the spacer 122 of the template side plate portion 121, and grooves 126 and 126 are formed on both surfaces 125 and 125 of the spacer 122 to fit the side plate portion 121. The protruding portion 124. In addition, the partition may be formed such that the width of the concrete pouring side is narrower than the width of the concrete pouring side. Figures 21 to 24 show examples of concrete formwork connection structures provided with such spacers. In the example shown in FIG. 21, a protruding portion 133 (locking mechanism) is formed near the concrete pouring surface 136 of the side plate portion 131, and a shoulder portion 134 (locking mechanism) is formed near the concrete pouring surface 135 of the spacer 132. Furthermore, when the protruding portion 133 and the shoulder portion 134 are in contact with each other, the concrete pouring surface 135 (the side surface of the spacer) and the concrete pouring surface 136 are in the same plane. As described above, if the protruding portion 133 is provided on the side plate portion 131 and the shoulder portion 134 is provided on the spacer 132, even if the spacer 132 is inserted into the concrete side, the shoulder portion 134 of the spacer 132 can abut the protruding portion 133 of the template The movement of the spacer 132 is prevented. The example shown in Fig. 22 is similar to the example shown in Fig. 21, in which a protruding portion 143 is formed on the side plate portion 141 of the template, and a shoulder portion 144 is formed on the spacer 142. However, in this example, a protruding portion 143 (locking mechanism) is formed on the side plate portion 141 from the concrete pouring surface 146 to the surface on the opposite side of the concrete pouring surface 146. Furthermore, when the shoulder portion 144 of the partition member 142 contacts the protruding portion 143, a shoulder portion 144 is formed, which is located at a position where the concrete contact surface 145 (side surface of the partition) and the concrete pouring surface 146 become the same plane. As described above, if the protruding portion 143 is provided on the side plate portion 141, and the shoulder portion 144 is provided on the partition member 142, even if the partition member 142 is inserted into the concrete pouring side, the shoulder portion 144 of the partition member 27 200301795 abuts the protruding portion of the formwork. 143 can prevent the movement of the spacer 142. In the example shown in FIG. 23, the thickness of the formwork side plate portion 151 gradually decreases from the concrete pouring surface 156 toward the opposite side of the concrete pouring surface 156, and also increases from the concrete contact surface 155 side toward the concrete contact surface 155. Side, the thickness of the spacer 152 is gradually increased. In addition, when the spacer 152 is sandwiched by the template side plate portion 151, a surface 153 of the side plate portion 151 and a surface 154 of the spacer 152 are brought into close contact with each other. As described above, if the formwork is narrowed on the concrete pouring side, even if the spacer 152 is pushed toward the concrete pouring side, the surface 154 of the spacer 152 abuts the surface 153 of the side plate portion 151 and movement can be prevented. In the example shown in FIG. 24, the spacer 165 has a constant thickness at one portion of the concrete pouring side, and the other portions gradually increase in thickness as they face the opposite side of the concrete contact surface 165. In addition, the thickness of the formwork side plate portion 161 is gradually reduced as it goes toward the opposite side 5 of the concrete pouring surface 156. In addition, when the spacer 162 is sandwiched by the template side plate portion 161, a surface 163 of the side plate portion 161 and a surface 164 of the spacer 162 are brought into close contact with each other. Therefore, even if the spacer 162 is pushed toward the concrete pouring side, the surface 164 of the spacer 162 abuts against the surface 163 of the side plate portion 161 and can be prevented from moving. As shown in Figure 21 ~ 24, if the width of the concrete pouring side is narrower than the width of the opposite side of the concrete pouring side, and the surface of the spacer contacts the surface of the side plate, the spacer can be prevented. Protruding from the concrete surface, the concrete contact surface and the concrete pouring surface can be made the same plane, so the concrete surface can be made flat. In addition, even if the template is kept in the setting state 28 200301795, the spacer can be easily pulled out between the templates. Therefore, when the template connection structure is to be disassembled, the removal of the spacer is easy, and the work efficiency can be improved. In addition, in the connection structure shown in Figs. 21 to 24, when the concrete is to be demoulded after being poured, the spacers are first pulled out to create a gap between the left and right sides of the formwork, and the formwork is easily demoulded. In addition, the material of the spacer 70 is not limited to plastic, and other materials such as wood or aluminum may be used. In addition, the partition is not limited to those that are hollow. In addition to the plastic hollow materials shown in the figure, pure materials such as foamed plastic can also be used. In addition, although the fitting projection 76 shown in the figure is formed integrally with the spacer 70, it may be mounted on the spacer 70 later. The fitting projection 76 shown in the figure is not hollow, but may be hollow. The concrete formwork is not limited to hollow plastic. For example, pure FRP (fiber-reinforced plastic), hollow or plate-shaped metal can also be used. Furthermore, the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention can also be used A cross-shaped door-shaped clip (dip) is inserted from the sides of the two side plate portions 63 and the spacers 70 sandwiched between the side plate portions, and is connected by clamping the side plate portions 63 and the spacer 70 (temporarily fixed) ) Template 60. In addition to the coupling mechanism (temporary fixing mechanism) using a clip, a coupling mechanism that fixes the side plate portions that sandwich the spacer to each other by nails or pins can be used. In addition, it is not necessary to insert a through hole 74 in the spacer 70 in advance. The perforation 74 can also be inserted on the site after the location of the separation member 22 is determined at the site of concrete placement. At this time, since the spacer 70 is hollow, the penetration of the insertion hole 74 can be performed only on the side surface 73 and the reinforcing rib 72, and can be easily performed. 29 200301795, because the spacer 70 is made of plastic, it is easy to insert and insert the perforation 74. In addition, if the perforation of the spacer is inserted on the site, in order to make the front end of the drill bit located at the center of the side of the spacer not to be laterally inclined to easily insert the perforation, a drill guide can also be provided on the side of the spacer along the long side With grooves. In addition, the number of the reinforcing ribs of the spacer 70 is not limited to two as shown in the example, one may be, or three or more may be used. It is not necessary to provide a reinforcing rib. The number of reinforcing ribs is appropriately set according to the width of the spacer or the required strength. The formwork of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention is not limited to that shown in FIG. 15, and for example, when the width of the weir plate portion 62 is narrow, the reinforcing plate portion can be omitted. In addition, the separator used when setting the template is not limited to those with a round rod shape as shown in the figure. For example, a known separator such as a flat plate can be used. In addition, the lock and the locking member are not limited to those shown in the drawings. For example, a known person such as a hat-shaped lock can be used. (Form example 3) Fig. 25 is an overall view showing another example of the connection structure of the concrete formwork of the present invention, and Figs. 26 and 27 are views showing main parts of the connection structure. This concrete formwork connection structure 180 is a plurality of formwork pieces 30 arranged at a certain distance so that the side plate portions 33 of the formwork 30 face each other, and a spacer 170 (partition for concrete formwork connection) is placed outside the side plate portion 33 of the formwork 30 The surface contact method is arranged between the side plates 33 of the adjacent template 30, and the rod-shaped separator 22 is inserted into the insertion hole 174 of the spacer 170, and the spacer 170 is installed on the separator 22 The lock 21 (locking member) and the lock 30 200301795 are clamped by the plate 24 (locking member) of 23 and locked. A pair of cross members formed by square tubes arranged above and below the locker 23 25. The spacers 26 supporting the spanning material and the wedges 27 fixing the spacers 26 are fixed to form a state of abutting the side surfaces of the side plate portion 33, the reinforcing plate portion 35, and the spacer 170. Here, the template 30 is the same as the template of the first aspect. As shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, the spacer 170 includes a hollow connecting plate portion 175b and a hollow side plate portion 175a bent at right angles from both edges of the connecting plate portion 175b. The connection plate portion 175b and the side plate portion 175a are formed of a hollow flat plate, and two plates 171, 171 and a plurality of long reinforcing ribs 172 connecting the plates are integrally formed. Further, a portion surrounded by the connecting plate portion 175b and the side plate portion 175a is formed with a recessed portion 173 capable of receiving the plate 24 of the locker 23. An insertion hole 174 is formed in the connecting plate portion 175b and penetrates from the one side to the other side. As described above, if the recessed portion 173 capable of accommodating the plate 24 of the locker 23 is formed in the spacer 170, it is possible to prevent the cross member 25 from contacting the plate 24. On the other hand, if a recess capable of accommodating the dish plate 24 is not formed in the spacer, as shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, the cross member 25 is arranged up and down along the locking device 23 so as to abut the spacer 181 side, and the dish The plate 24 is sandwiched between the cross member 25, the spacer 181, and the side plate portion 33 of the template 30. Therefore, a gap is generated between the cross member 25 and the spacer 181, the side plate portion 33 of the template 30, and the reinforcing plate portion 35. As a result of the gap, the formwork 30 cannot be fixed securely. When the concrete is poured, the concrete will expand its gap, so the concrete surface cannot be kept flat. The width A of the side plate portion 175a of the spacer Π0 is equal to or smaller than the width C of the side plate portion 33 of the template 30. If the width A of the spacer 170 is longer than the width C of the side plate portion 31 200301795 33 of the template 30, when the cross member 25 abuts against the side plate portion 33, the reinforcing plate portion 35, and the side surface 176b of the spacer 170, it is fixed ' The concrete contact surface 177a of the spacer Π0 is more prominent than the concrete pouring surface 31 of the formwork 30. Therefore, the surface of the finished concrete is easily concaved at the joints of the formwork 30, and the concrete surface cannot be kept flat. The height B of the spacer 170 is the same as the height D of the side plate portion 33 of the template 30. If the height B of the spacer 170 is lower than the height D of the side plate portion 33 of the formwork 30, when the concrete is poured to the upper limit of the formwork 30, the concrete leaks out from above the spacer 170. On the other hand, if the height B of the spacer 170 is higher than the height D of the side plate portion 33 of the formwork 30, another formwork cannot be installed on the upper side of the concrete formwork structure 180. In addition, if the height of the concrete to the upper limit of the formwork 30 is not set, or when no other formwork is placed on the upper side of the concrete formwork structure 180, the height B of the spacer 170 and the height D of the side plate portion 33 of the formwork 30 need not be the same. The width of the concrete contact surface 177a of the spacer 170 in the horizontal direction is preferably as short as possible within the range in which the locking member can be installed. Specifically, the width is preferably 100 mm or less. If the width of the concrete contact surface 177a in the horizontal direction exceeds 100 mm, the amount of material used for the spacer 170 is large. The spacer 170 is damaged by being locked by the locking member, and the number of reuses is less than that of the template 30. Therefore, if a spacer with a large amount of material is used, it is not economical. Also, the thickness T 'of the portion where the linking plate portion n5b of the spacer 170 is sandwiched by the locking member is preferably 12 mm at the thinnest to make it easier for the separator 22 to penetrate. If the thickness T of the portion sandwiched by the locking member is less than 12 mm, the strength of the connecting plate portion 175b may be insufficient. 32 200301795 Furthermore, the width W of the recessed portion 173 of the spacer 170 is preferably set to be as narrow as possible with the width of the plate 24 capable of receiving the lock 23 as a lower limit. If the width W of the recessed portion 173 of the spacer 170 can be made as narrow as possible, the width of the concrete contact surface 177a can also be narrowed in cooperation with it, so that the amount of material of the spacer 170 can be reduced and economical. In addition, in the connecting plate portion 175b of the spacer 170, the reinforcing ribs 172 of the portion where the locking member abuts are spaced apart from each other by a width narrower than the width of the surface where the locking member abuts. If the reinforcing ribs 172 of the abutting portion of the locking member are spaced apart from each other by a width narrower than that of the abutting surface of the locking member, the pressure generated by the locking of the locking member can be supported by the reinforcing ribs 172, so that the template 30 can be prevented. Broken. Specifically, it is preferable that the connecting plate portion 175b be provided with at least two reinforcing ribs 172 between the lock 21 (locking member) and the plate 24 (locking member). The spacer 170 is manufactured by integrally forming the plates 171 and 171 and the reinforcing ribs 172 by, for example, extrusion molding of a plastic material. The plastic material may be the same as the spacer 40 of the first aspect. The thickness of the plate 171 and the reinforcing rib 172 constituting the spacer 170 is not particularly limited, but when considering mechanical strength and weight reduction, for example, 1 to 3 mm is suitable. Next, an example of a method of assembling a concrete formwork connection structure (formwork construction method) of the present invention will be described. First, a plurality of spacers 170 are inserted through the perforations 174, and one end of a round rod-shaped separator 22 of a lock 21 is provided. Next, the formwork 30 and 33 are formed such that the outer surface 38 of the side plate portion 33 of the formwork 30 is in contact with the surface 176a of the spacer 170, and the concrete pouring surface 31 and the concrete contact surface 177a of the spacer 170 are the same plane. 200301795 The spacers 170 are alternately arranged in a row. In addition, another spacer 17 is embedded in the other end of the separation member 22, and the formwork 30 and the spacer 170 are alternately arranged in another row in a manner that the concrete pouring surface 31 faces each other. Next, the locking tool 23 is screwed on both ends of the separating member 22 to sandwich the connecting plate of the spacer 170 between the lock 21 of the separating member 22 and the plate 24 of the base end of the locking tool 23. The part 175b holds the spacer 170. Furthermore, a pair of spanners 25 formed by a square pipe is arranged above and below the locking device 23 to support the spacers 26 and the wedges 27 of the fixing spacers 26 to fix the spanners 25 against each other. A state of being connected to the side plate portion 33 of the template 30, the reinforcing plate portion 35, and the side plate portion of the spacer 170. By arranging this cross member 25 and formwork 30, it will not expand outward due to the concrete pressure during concrete placement. In addition, although the template 30 and the spacer Π0 shown in the figure are finally fixed by the cross member 25, the template 30 and the spacer Π0 can be temporarily fixed by a coupling mechanism such as a clip described later. Another method of assembling, for example, a method of temporarily fixing the template members such as the separator 22, the lock 21, and the locking tool 23 to the spacer no in advance, sandwiching the spacer 170 between the templates 30, and covering the template 30 Wait. As described above, the concrete formwork connection structure 丨 80, because the spacer 170 is arranged between the side plate part 33 of the formwork 30 in such a way that the side plate part surface 176a thereof contacts the formwork part 30, In addition, since the separation member 22 is inserted through the insertion hole 174 of the spacer Π0, there is no need to insert the insertion hole of the separation member 22 in the template 30. In addition, since only the spacer 34 is locked by the locking member, 2003 2003 795 170, only the spacer 170 is subjected to deformation and sometimes damage caused by the locking. Therefore, even if the template members 21, locks 23, and the like used in a plywood template composed of a conventional triple plywood are used, the template 30 will not be damaged. Therefore, it is possible to increase the number of times the template 30 is reused. In addition, when the concrete formwork connection structure 180 is demoulded after the concrete is poured, by removing the spacer 170 first, a gap is created around the formwork 30, and the formwork 30 is easily demoulded. In addition, the formwork 30 and the spacer 170 of the concrete formwork connection structure 180 are made of plastic, so they have good durability, and can be recycled and reused as plastic materials after the number of reuses. In addition, since the formwork 30 and the spacer 170 are made of plastic, the release property of the concrete is good, and a concrete peeling agent is not required. In addition, the formwork 30 is made of plastic and has a weir plate portion 32, one side of which is a concrete pouring surface 31, and a side plate portion 33, which extends from both sides of the weir plate portion 32 to the concrete pouring surface of the weir plate portion 32. The opposite side of 31 is bent at right angles, so no nailing operation to fix the stack is needed, and the workability is good, and there is no reduction in durability caused by nailing. As mentioned above, the concrete formwork connection structure 180 does not need to insert the perforation of the separation member 22 in the formwork 30, and even if the conventional plywood formwork members are used, the formwork 30 will not be damaged, and no concrete peeling agent is required. The fixing of wood or the connection of formwork 30 does not require nailing operations, so the number of re-use of formwork 30 used in concrete formwork connection structure 180 can be significantly increased and the cost can be reduced compared to the conventional plywood formwork. Also, 35 200301795 recessed portion 173 is formed on the opposite side of the concrete contact surface 177a of the spacer 170. The recessed portion 173 accommodates the plate 24 of the locking tool 23, so it does not cross the material 25, the spacer 170, and the formwork. The plate 24 is sandwiched between the 30 side plate portions 33. As a result, since the spanner 25 abuts on the side plate portion 33, the reinforcing plate portion 35, and the spacer 170 of the formwork 30, the formwork 30 can be reliably fixed and the concrete surface can be kept flat. In addition, this template 30 is hollow because the weir plate portion 32, the side plate portion 33, and the reinforcing plate portion 35 are formed into a single hollow body with two plates 36 and a plurality of long reinforcing ribs 37 connecting the plates. And has sufficient mechanical strength. In addition, since the formwork 30 is provided with a reinforcing plate portion 35 parallel to the side plate portion 33 on the back surface 34 of the concrete pouring surface 31 of the weir plate portion 32, durability and pressure resistance are further improved. In addition, since the width A of the spacer 170 is less than the width B of the side plate portion 33 of the formwork 30, the concrete contact surface 177a of the spacer 170 and the concrete pouring surface 31 of the weir plate portion 32 can be made the same plane, and the pouring is completed The concrete surface does not form unevenness at the joints of the formwork 30, and can keep the concrete surface flat. The horizontal width of the concrete contact surface 177a of the spacer 170 is shorter than the horizontal width of the concrete pouring surface 31. Therefore, the amount of material used for the spacer 170 is small and economical. The spacer 170 is formed by integrally forming a long reinforcing rib 172 between the plate 171 and the connecting plate 171, so that it is light in weight and has sufficient mechanical strength. The concrete template connection structure of the present invention is not limited. As shown in the figure, as long as the spacers of the present invention are arranged between the templates, any form can be used. 20032003795 The material of the spacers is not limited to plastic. In addition, metals such as wood or aluminum can also be used. Materials, etc. In addition, the partition is not limited to those that are hollow. In addition to the plastic hollow materials shown in the figure, pure materials such as foamed plastic can also be used. The template is not limited to a hollow plastic. For example, a pure FRP (fiber-reinforced plastic), a hollow or plate-shaped metal can also be used. In addition, the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention can also be embedded into the cross-section gate-shaped clip and embedded in the formwork 30 side plate portion 33 and the spacer 170 side plate portion 175a to sandwich the formwork 30 side plate portion 33 and the spacer 170 side plate portion. 175a to connect (temporarily fix) the template 30. Further, instead of the coupling means (temporary fixing mechanism) using a clip, a coupling mechanism that fixes the side plate portions that sandwich the spacer to each other by driving nails, pins, or the like may be used. In addition, it is not necessary to insert a perforation 174 in the spacer 170 in advance. The perforation 174 can also be inserted at the site after the location of the separation member 22 is determined at the site of concrete placement. At this time, since the spacer Π0 is hollow, the insertion of the perforation 174 can be performed only on the plate 171, and can be easily performed. In addition, since the spacer 170 is made of plastic, it is easy to insert the insertion hole 174. In addition, if the perforation of the spacer is perforated in the field, in order to make the front end of the perforation drill bit located at the center of the side of the partition without being laterally inserted, the perforation can also be installed on the side of the partition along the long side Guide groove. The formwork of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention is not limited to that shown in Fig. 5, and for example, when the width of the weir plate portion 32 is narrow, the reinforcing plate portion can be omitted. 37 200301795 The separator used when setting the template is not limited to those with round rods as shown in the figure. For example, well-known separators such as flat ones can be used. In addition, the lock and the locking member are not limited to those shown in the drawings. For example, a known person such as a hat-shaped lock can be used. [Industrial application possibility] The spacer for connecting concrete formwork of the present invention is one in which a plurality of concrete formwork are arranged and arranged between side plates of adjacent concrete formwork, so it can be used in the conventional plywood system. The formwork members of the formwork are used in the concrete formwork connection structure, and it is not necessary to provide holes or slots for the formwork members in the formwork body. By using such a spacer, a recyclable plastic template can be used as a substitute template for the conventional plywood template, and the plastic template can be popularized. [Brief description of the drawings] (I) Schematic part Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. FIG. 2 'is a perspective view of a main part showing a connection portion of the template of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 3 'is a plan view of a main part showing a connection portion of the template of FIG. 1. FIG. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a spacer for connection and connection of a concrete formwork of the present invention. Fig. 5 'is a perspective view showing an example of a concrete formwork used in a concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a main part showing another example of a template connection portion. Fig. 7 'is a perspective view showing another example of a concrete formwork used in the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. Fig. 8 is an enlarged plan view of a weir plate portion of a concrete formwork. FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of the concrete pouring surface of FIG. 8. Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view showing another example of a concrete formwork surface. Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing another example of the connection structure of the concrete formwork of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a main part of the template connecting portion in FIG. 11. FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a main part of the template connecting portion of FIG. 11. Fig. 14 'is a perspective view showing another example of a spacer for connecting a concrete formwork of the present invention. Fig. 15 'is a perspective view showing another example of a concrete formwork used in the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. I 16 ′ is a plan view of an example of an assembly method of a concrete formwork connection structure. B 17 'is a plan view of main parts showing another example of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. I18 'is a plan view of a main part showing another example of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. M 19 'is a plan view of a main part showing another example of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. 1 «20 'is a perspective view of a main part showing another example of the connection structure of the concrete formwork of the present invention. W 21 'is a plan view of a main part showing another example of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. ffl 22 '彳 is a plan view of a main part showing another example of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. Fig. 23 'is a plan view of a main part showing another example of a concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. Kui I 24 'is a plan view of a main part showing another example of the concrete formwork connection structure of the present invention. Fig. 25 'is a perspective view showing another example of the connection structure of the concrete formwork of the present invention. Fig. 26 'is a perspective view of a main part showing a connection portion of the template of Fig. 25; Fig. 27 'is a plan view of a main part showing a connection portion of the template of Fig. 25; Fig. 28 'is a perspective view showing another example of a spacer for connecting a concrete formwork of the present invention. Fig. 29 is a view showing a state where a plate is in contact with a cross member, and is a cross-sectional view when a spacer is cut in a height direction. Fig. 30 is a plan view of a main part showing a state where a plate is in contact with a spanner. Fig. 31 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional concrete formwork. Fig. 32 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional concrete formwork connection structure. (=) Element representative symbol, 30, 60 template U, 31, 61, 135, 136, concrete pouring surface M5, 146, 155, 156 200301795 12, 32, 62 Weir plate section 13, 33, 63, 91, 101 Side plate sections m, m, m, 14 151, 16 175a 14, 34, 64 Back 15, 35, 65 Reinforcing plate sections 16, 36, 4 66, 7: 1, 171 Plates 17, 37, 42, 67, 72, 172 Support rib
18、 38 外側表面 2〇、44、74、174 插穿孔 21 匹鎖 22 分離件 23 鎖緊構件 24 皿板 25 橫跨材18, 38 Outer surface 20, 44, 74, 174 Insert perforation 21 Lock 22 Separator 23 Locking member 24 Plate 25 Crossing material
26 墊片 27 楔子 40、70、92、102、122、 隔件 132 、 142 、 152 、 162 、 165 、 170 、 181 43 、 73 、 77 、 176b 50 、 80 、 180 55 69 側面 混凝土連結構造 夾子 嵌合用凹部 41 200301795 76 嵌合用凸部 93 、 103 、 153 、 154 、 163 、 表面 164 94 、 104 、 125 兩表面 113 、 114 中央部 124 、 133 、 143 突起部 126 槽 134 、 144 肩部 173 凹部 175b 連結板部 177a 混凝土接觸面 4226 Gasket 27 Wedge 40, 70, 92, 102, 122, spacer 132, 142, 152, 162, 165, 170, 181 43, 73, 77, 176b 50, 80, 180 55 69 Common recessed part 41 200301795 76 Fitting convex part 93, 103, 153, 154, 163, surface 164 94, 104, 125 Both surfaces 113, 114 Central part 124, 133, 143 Protruded part 126 Groove 134, 144 Shoulder part 173 Recessed part 175b Connecting plate portion 177a Concrete contact surface 42