TR2023000726A2 - Fresh Stale Spoiled Egg Detection Device - Google Patents

Abstract

Eggs are an important source of nutrients in food consumption. For various reasons, in egg production enterprises, in addition to the production of quality eggs, a large number of poor quality eggs are produced, and many of these eggs are marketed among the quality eggs. Or, it is not possible to prevent the sale of expired eggs by mixing them into boxes. Analysis is more difficult for eggs purchased as village eggs. The salmonella bacteria found in eggs causes poisoning. People then experience vomiting, diarrhea, severe abdominal pain and fever, with consequences that can even lead to death. Nobody has a device at home that can test the quality of eggs, know whether they are stale or spoiled, or tell how weeks old an egg is. Egg quality testing devices are very expensive and are only available in large enterprises and some universities, and consumers cannot use these devices. 'Fresh Stale and Bad Egg Detection Device' developed for the first time? It can be used to determine how fresh, stale or spoiled the eggs are, and even how old they are. Thanks to this device, which everyone can easily use at home, the quality of the egg can be measured most accurately.

Description

DESCRIPTION Fresh Stale and Spoiled Egg Detection Device Technical Field In recent years, poultry farming has become one of the most important employment areas of our country among today's food sectors. Hundreds of facilities are added to the world-class production facilities every year. It maintains its position as the locomotive product in the foreign exports of the Turkish economy. It has reached record production numbers with its latest average of 11,157,265 Thousand. Türkiye ranks 8th in world egg production and 3rd in Europe. These figures are an indication that the sector is in a good condition in terms of production potential. According to data on egg consumption per capita in Turkey, it is 294 pieces. In short, Türkiye is on the way to have an important role in world egg production. A balanced and adequate diet is essential for a person to be healthy. This type of nutrition is divided into two: animal and vegetable. However, foods of animal origin have a very important place in the development and health of children and adults. Although there are many options for classifying and identifying eggs according to their quality, knowing the air space alone is sufficient to determine whether the egg is fresh, stale or spoiled. According to the egg standards prepared by the Turkish Standards Institute (TSE), the amount of air space inside the egg has been determined. Although these standards were known, the freshness, staleness and spoilage times of the eggs were calculated from scratch in order to reach objective scientific values on 120 eggs, 60 village eggs and 60 market eggs, within a 10-week period. At the same time, it was determined whether the Fresh Stale and Bad Egg Detection Device was working correctly, how old the egg was, by examining how old it was and how old it was, and by calculating the standard error averages. Prior Art Animal sources such as meat, milk and eggs take the first place because they contain the relevant nutrients in a more abundant, balanced and more usable form compared to plant sources (Özkan, 1986). Egg, which is an important animal food source in this regard, maintains its place as a valuable animal protein source in human nutrition from past to present all over the world, and it seems inevitable that it will maintain this feature in the future (Uluocak et al., 1996; Hasipek and Aktaş, 1997). Eggs, which are important for human nutrition, have a shelf life, just like every other product. Shelf life varies depending on the type of product and storage conditions. Egg is a perishable product (Eke et al., 2013). Egg quality is affected by environmental factors such as storage temperature and humidity, storage time and environmental gases. Storage of eggs can reduce egg weight loss and the subsequent increase in albumen pH (Decuypere et al., 2001). The high nutritional value of eggs can cause food poisoning in humans under inappropriate storage conditions (Figueiredo et al., 2013). Since it was designed and implemented for the first time in the world, there is no device that can detect eggs as fresh, stale or spoiled, so there is no previous technique. Purposes of the Invention: Among animal foods, no one has a device at home to measure the quality of eggs, which have the best vitamins, minerals and amino acids in terms of protein quality. Only the laboratories of large universities and poultry farms have expensive devices that test many quality characteristics of eggs. It is not possible for consumers to access these devices. Even if it were to arrive, it would not make any sense in the kitchen because it is large and those who are not proficient in the language of these devices will not understand them. The consumer buys eggs only by looking at the usage period and does not know how old or fresh the egg is. It is also unknown what happened to the eggs sold unpackaged under the name of village eggs. By taking advantage of this loophole in the system, the producer aims to increase the awareness of stale eggs by deceiving the consumer very easily, to scientifically reveal the fact that the eggs sold by the producer can be easily inspected at home, to eat healthy, high-quality eggs and to prevent people from being deceived in this regard. Description of the Pictures Figure 1: Visual with the LED flashing and the measurement being made at the same time Figure 2: Visual with the measurement result "0-6 mm" written on the LCD screen after the measurement is completed Figure 3: The measurement result is displayed while the LED corresponding to the result is on (0-6 mm (green)). At the same time, the answer to the measurement result is displayed on the LCD screen, that is, "Egg is fresh". Figure 4: After the measurement is completed, the measurement result is displayed on the LCD screen as "7-12 mm". Figure 5: The measurement result is displayed while the LED corresponding to the result is on (7-12 mm (yellow)). ) At the same time, the visual on the LCD screen shows the answer to the measurement result, that is, "The egg is stale". Figure 6: After the measurement is completed, the visual on the LCD screen shows the measurement result "13 mm and above". Figure 7: The measurement result is displayed while the LED corresponding to the result is on (13 mm and above ( red)) At the same time, the answer to the measurement result is displayed on the LCD screen, that is, the text "Egg is Bad". Figure 8: The image to be published on the patent bulletin registry page. Description of References 1: LCD screen 2: Measurement start button 6: Egg 7: "0-6 mm" on the LCD screen. " text 8: "Egg is fresh." on the LCD screen. Text 9: Green LED reflected on the egg: "7 -12 mm" text on the LCD screen. 11: Yellow LED reflected on the egg. 12: "The egg is stale." 13: Yellow reflected on the egg 14: "13 mm and above" written on the LCD screen: Red reflected on the egg 16: "Egg is defective." written on the LCD screen 17: Red reflected on the egg Detailed Description of the Invention Project; 60 village eggs taken from hens that laid eggs on the same day; By procuring 60 market eggs from four different companies on the same day, with exactly 21 days left until the expiry date. Project activities were carried out with a total of 120 eggs. At the same time, it has been tested whether the "Fresh Stale Bad Egg Detection Device" works correctly. -30 eggs, half of the village eggs (average 22°C - 58% relative humidity); The other half (average 4°C - 53% relative humidity) was preserved by numbering. -Half of the market eggs are 30 pieces, just like village eggs (average 22°C - 58% relative humidity); The other half (average 4°C - 53% relative humidity) was preserved by numbering. The maximum shelf life of the egg was calculated as 10 weeks and all of them were tested one by one and the statistics were kept. Additionally, during the measurements, 12 more old eggs mixed with the market eggs were removed from the experimental group and new eggs were included in the first measurement. On the Egg Air Gap; The average values and standard errors and statistical evaluation results of the effect of storage temperature on market eggs and village eggs were arranged according to the data of the Turkish Standard Institute. With the 'Fresh Stale and Bad Egg Detection Device', it can be determined how fresh, how stale or spoiled the eggs are, and even how old they are. It has also been observed that it exactly coincides with the natural egg classification values of the Turkish Standards Institute. The device is started by pressing the on/off button on the back right side. Instructions are displayed on the LCD screen respectively. Hopper error 2 warning is the warning error sent by the system when something is forgotten in the hopper. In this way, an error warning is displayed when the measurement cannot be started. Immediately afterwards, the system automatically aligns the chamber to the desired position, thanks to the written software, and the information message "Chamber has been adjusted" appears on the screen. Afterwards, it gives the message "The chamber is clean". Then, it performs the checks of the opening tests respectively. When the "Lighting on" message appears on the screen, the lighting LED turns on and off once. Immediately afterwards, the message "Laser on" appears on the screen and the laser is turned on once. Finally, when the "Laser off" message appears on the screen, the laser is turned off. After this, the device, which is prepared by anticipating the possibility of forgetting an object in the chamber, checks whether there is an object in the chamber. When the message "Press start for measurement" is displayed on the LCD screen, the green button on the top of the device must be pressed once and the box automatically aligns itself with the forward key so that the egg can be placed easily. After the egg is placed in the box, the box automatically touches the rearmost switch, aligns itself and becomes ready for measurement. At the same time, it is placed right above the egg and the LED and laser light up. Since eggs are unique, each egg is different in size from the other. For this reason, the LED is not placed in a fixed place, but is mounted on a manually adjustable apparatus, so that the LED can be adjusted according to the size of the egg. After the LED adjustment is made, a laser reflection falling on the egg in an ellipse shape is seen, and the egg must be removed to its extreme point by pressing forward with the help of the joystick on the left side of the device, and then the yellow button at the top of the joystick button must be pressed once so that the system can record the length of the egg. Then, the information message "Object length ...... mm" appears on the screen. After this process, it is necessary to align the laser to the filling level of the egg by using the joystick button again, then the yellow button must be pressed once again and the information message "Empty distance mm" is displayed on the screen. The results are evaluated in 3 ways: As a result, the green LED in the upper left corner of the device turns on, indicating that the egg has died. 2-Result: Between 6 and 12 mm, the text "2nd Category" appears on the screen. The yellow LED in the upper left corner of the device lights up, indicating that the egg [MM] has died. 3-Result: If the value is over 2 mm, "3rd Category" appears on the screen. The red LED in the upper left corner of the device lights up, indicating that the egg is defective. Finally, when the measurement process is completed, the message "Measurement completed" appears on the screen and the joystick automatically lowers itself to its starting position. In order to understand the precise measurement result more easily, 3 green-yellow-red LEDs are placed on the upper left surface of the device. Green LED means the egg is fresh; yellow LED The egg is stale; A red LED indicates that the egg is defective. Immediately afterwards, the chamber automatically aligns itself to the forward level and the screen automatically aligns itself to the backward level. In order to make a new measurement, the device must be connected to the adapter while the screen is being processed. The DC motor used in the prototype was used for the egg chamber, and the stepper motor was used for the laser. There is a motor driver that controls the DC motor, which moves it to the forward position and backward position on the horizontal axis. Its function is to enable the motor to move forward or backward via the digital pins. The switches used were used to align the moving engine to the rearward or furthest position and control its holding. As soon as the mechanism touches the switches, logic 1 (5 volts) is sent to the Arduino pins to which they are connected. Since a 10k pull-up connection is made to the switches, they keep themselves at zero unless pressed. When the mechanism touches the switch forward or behind, Arduino reaches 1. When it reaches 1, Arduino understands that the distance is completed and keeps the chamber constant. After making the measurement, he takes the box out again according to the code. When it comes out, the outermost key touches the box and it is understood that it has reached the last level. In the stepper motor, the motor used is not autonomous but manual. The first reason why it is not autonomous is because it is a joystick, and the other reason is that the control is provided by observing (manually adjusting the liquid by seeing it). First of all, the 3 amp step down module reduces the 12 volt voltage to 3.7 volts. Then, the current of 3.7 volts is limited and kept constant by a 0.1 ohm 5 watt resistor. The reason for this is to prevent the LED from drawing too much current and burning out during operation. The way to extend the life of LEDs is to keep the current constant at the incoming operating voltage. The LED lights up sequentially, then it hits the egg and a line appears depending on the amount of egg inside the egg. This line gives the occupancy rate. If the device is expected to make measurements, it finds the filled part and then calculates the gap, and a laser is used to calculate it. By manually moving the stepper CNC module up and down with the Arduino joystick module, the horizontal axis line given by the laser is brought to the filled part of the egg, and then the length is measured using the distance sensor. Then, the data coming from the laser's step up module to Arduino is calculated using the addition and subtraction process and the result is obtained. After this process, the remaining space is calculated by subtracting both the egg length and the occupancy rate from the length of that egg. Step CNC module is used when finding egg size. Very precise measurements are made to find the exact line level. The number of steps from the distance of the laser to the highest level can be determined with the software written in Arduino. By adding the initial distance at which the object is detected to the object detection sensor, it is included in the height calculation. The device performs this process in two stages. The first step is to raise the laser to its highest point using the joystick to find the size of the egg and press the yellow push button on the left side of the device. Thus, its length is calculated, and in the second stage, the laser is lowered downwards until the fullness level and the yellow push button is pressed again, and then the result is calculated. There are 3 keys in the device. The other two are used to determine the most forward and backward positions of the chamber, and the other one is used to see the starting limit of the stepper motor CNC module. That's why it is placed at the bottom of the CNC module. When the laser is lowered to the bottom, it touches the switch and the system identifies that this is the first starting step of the stepper motor. A motor driver is used for the DC motor, and a stepper motor driver is used for the stepper motor. The purpose of using the distance sensor is to detect the object. Stepper motors can draw high current, they work with low and high voltages. The current they draw can be increased or decreased with the potentiometer on the stepper motor driver. Since they use locking current, the locking current can be adjusted with this potentiometer. This setting is used to keep the current point constant. The locking current in stepper motors is achieved by double polarization given to the control terminals. Arduinoa is not powerful enough for this. A step down module that can reduce from 12 volts to 5 volts was used. For the DC motor, the 3 ampere one was used. The 5 amp down module provides the 5 volts required for the stepper motor and the stepper motor operates with 5 volts. As for the start buttons used, the first button is used to start measuring, while the second button is used to save the result of the first process, egg size definition, when we move the CNC module up and down. It is also used to record the result of the occupancy rate when we adjust the laser according to the occupancy rate. In the joystick, it is used only for the y axis, that is, the up and down command, and the x axis is not used. The module we use to move the box back and forth is the DC motor sled system found in DVD or CD ROMs, which are very common in the market. The reason why it is called CNC module is that it acts as an axis. While the DC motor module moves autonomously, the stepper motor module is used manually. The LED light is triggered via 12 volts. For this, approximately 10 ampere transistors were used. This transistor is fed from the pin of Arduino. After the voltage is sent to the step down module of the LED, since the stepper module also operates with 3.7 volts, the incoming 12 volts are reduced to 3.7 and used and the operating voltage of the LED is obtained. A plastic cylindrical object is placed right under the LED. The reason for this is that the fullness of the egg is not clearly visible because the light spreads too much. This plastic apparatus was used to spread the light directly inside the egg without scattering and to provide a more intense light. Thus, the line of the laser could be displayed very clearly. The line of the laser is normally in the form of a point, but a 120-degree lens is carved into it in various directions and turned into an ellipse, and the ellipse is drawn at half wavelength. Since it was drawn at half wavelength and the egg was in the shape of an ellipse, a horizontal line was obtained around the egg, which provides an advantage when finding the fullness line of the egg. When the laser hits the egg directly, the laser line hits the egg with a thickness of approximately 1 mm, which prevents a precise measurement. Therefore, thanks to the lens made, a sensitivity of 0.1 mm was achieved. In order to understand the precise measurement result more easily, 3 LEDs have been added to the upper left surface of the device. In order to better reflect the LEDs from a distance, 3 specially designed LED reflective pieces with a thickness of 5 mm were used. To control the voltage of the LEDs, a 620 ohmi resistor was added to the positive end of each LED and the negative ends were connected to the GND pin module of the Arduino. How the Invention is Applied to Industry: As a result of these studies, egg quality tests performed with the 'Fresh Stale and Bad Egg Detection Device' have a 99% success rate. In this study, which is carried out until the air space in the egg is found to its finest setting, it can be determined very quickly whether the egg is fresh, stale or spoiled. In addition, the market aspect of the project is very strong in the world, and there are restaurants and pastry shops. There will be 1000s of companies that will want to market this device. There are many potential customers and businesses in this area. Our invention called 'Fresh Stale and Bad Egg Detection Device' can be produced and used in any branch of industry.TR TR TR TR

Claims (1)

1.CLAIMS. It is a Fresh and Stale Spoiled Egg Detection Device and its features are; Choosing the plexi material for its ease of use, durability and transportation, adding a special groove that will allow the egg to stand upright without falling over after being placed, adding the rail system under the chamber to the device, which is used to facilitate placing the egg into the chamber before measurement, to illuminate the egg and observe the space inside it better. The use of LED for the egg, the LED on the egg should be adjustable according to the egg size as there will be a change in the size of the egg, the use of plastic support so that the LED used does not damage the egg when it comes into contact with the egg and can touch it completely, adding the start button on the device, recording the measurement and moving on to the next step. using a button, using a laser reflected on the egg to determine the egg cavity level, using a special lens to reflect the reflected laser as a line on the egg, using a Joystick button to move the laser up and down (to adjust it to the egg cavity level), LCD screen to transfer the results of the measurements to the person. The use of 3 LEDs that show the measurement result for illiterate individuals and the use of a specially designed reflector to make the LEDs appear more clearly. . It is a Fresh and Stale Spoiled Egg Detection Device and its features are; Using the on/off button on the device to start the system, displaying the name of the device on the LCD screen after starting the device, giving an information message saying measurement is being made after the device name is seen on the LCD screen, performing startup tests to test whether the device is ready for measurement, if the device is ready for measurement. When it is turned on, if the chamber where the egg will be placed is inside, the LCD screen will display a "Chamber Error" information message and at the same time the error warning buzzer will sound. After the "Chamber Error" warning, the device automatically moves the chamber to a position where the egg can be placed easily. While the chamber is being fully adjusted, the LCD screen will display "Chamber Error". "It is being adjusted" and when it is fully adjusted, the "Chamber is set" information message is displayed on the LCD screen, the "Chamber is clean" notification message included in the startup tests is displayed on the LCD screen, the system does not start if an object is forgotten inside the chamber of the device, the operation of the LED is checked (led is flashing) and Simultaneously displaying the "Lighting on" information message on the LCD screen, starting the laser control after the LED control, displaying the "Laser on" notification message on the screen when the laser is on and "Laser off" notification message when it is turned off, displaying the "Place object in the chamber" information message on the LCD screen, When an object is placed inside, the system detects the object and simultaneously gives the information message "Object detected" on the LCD screen. When the object is placed while the hopper is in the open position, the system gives a warning as there is a possibility that the object has been forgotten and this warning message is displayed on the LCD screen. "Clean the hopper" is followed by this warning message. As can be understood, the object detection sensor has also been tested and the "Sensor is healthy" notification message is written on the screen, after the object is taken back from the chamber, the chamber returns to its initial position and the "System ready" message is displayed on the LCD screen, after all the opening tests of the device are completed, "Measurement" is displayed on the screen. When the start button on the device is pressed, the chamber is brought to the appropriate position to put the egg and the buzzer works at the same time. If the chamber in the device is in the appropriate position and there is no object in it, the message "There is no object" is written on the LCD screen. As soon as it is placed, the message "Object detected" is displayed on the LCD screen and the system automatically takes the chamber inside for measurement, and at the same time, the buzzer works while the chamber is positioned inside. 3. It is a Fresh and Stale Spoiled Egg Detection Device and its features are; - While there is an egg in the device and all the opening tests are ready, the "Ready for measurement" notification message appears on the screen and at the same time, while the LED is on, the laser reflects from the specially prepared lens and reflects on the egg as a line, - Adjusting the LED according to the size of the egg, - On the egg Removing the laser reflected in the form of a line to the top of the egg using the Joystick, - Using this process to determine the size of the egg by counting with the written code, - Aligning the laser to the top point of the egg using the Joystick, then giving the answer to us on the device and recording the data. pressing the button used once, - displaying the information message on the LCD screen as "Object length ..... mm" after pressing the button, - aligning the laser to the filled part of the egg using the Joystick again after measuring the object length, - data while the laser is aligned on the filled part of the egg Pressing the button on the device to record and detect the air gap inside the egg, - the device turns off the LED and laser lights that are on during the measurement, - writes the measurement result as "empty distance mm" on the LCD screen, - the gap distance according to the data determined by TSE Eggs between 0-6 mm are fresh eggs and after the device makes the measurement, if the measurement result is between 0-6 mm, the message "Fresh egg" is written on the screen as a result of the measurement. - According to the data determined by TSE, eggs with a gap distance between 7-12 mm are stale eggs and after the device makes the measurement, if the measurement result is between 7-12 mm, the message "Stale" will appear on the screen as a result of the measurement. writing the "egg" notification message, - In this device, which was designed considering individuals who cannot read, the message "Egg is stale" is displayed on the screen while simultaneously lighting the yellow LED on the device, - According to the data determined by TSE, eggs with a gap distance between 13 mm and above are spoiled. If there is an egg and the device makes the measurement and the measurement result is 13 mm or more, the "Bad Egg" notification message is written on the screen as a result of the measurement. - In this device, which was designed considering individuals who cannot read, the "Bad Egg" message is displayed on the screen and at the same time the red LED on the device is displayed. burn 4. It is a Fresh and Stale Spoiled Egg Detection Device and its features are; - After the device completes the measurement process, it automatically takes out the chamber to take the egg back, - The Joystick used when measuring egg length and fullness automatically lowers itself to the starting level, - The device prepares itself for the next measurement and at the same time, "Ready for measurement" appears on the LCD screen. ” displaying the notification message. TR TR TR TR