TR201904787A2 - A LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR MULTI-STOREY GREENHOUSES - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes at least one light collector (2) for positioning on the roof (D) of a multi-storey greenhouse (S) and collecting the sun (G) / daylight; a fiber optic array (3) in which the light collector (2) focuses the sun (G) / daylight; at least one optical multiplexer (5) for distributing solar (G) / daylight in the fiber optic array (3) to fiber optic cables (4) positioned on at least one layer (O) of the multi-layer greenhouse (S); A light-reflecting surface at the back to be positioned in a region above the end of at least one fiber optic cable (4) and to reflect the sun (G) / daylight coming from the end of the fiber optic cable (4) to the biomass (B) capable of photosynthesis in the layer (O) ( 6.1), a middle layer (6.3) containing fluorescent particles (6.2) that absorb light in the spectrum that the biomass (B) cannot use for photosynthesis and / or use with low efficiency, and that radiate at high efficiency (6.2), a reflective unit with a reflection-reducing coating (6.4) at the front. It relates to a lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) comprising (6).

Description

DESCRIPTION A LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR MULTI-STOREY GREENHOUSES Technical Area This invention relates to a lighting system for multi-storey greenhouses.

Before the Invention Agricultural production is done in open or closed areas. made in open field While the cost of agricultural production is relatively low, production efficiency is it is limited because it depends on the conditions. Greenhouses, their surroundings are closed, their roofs are irradiated made of permeable material, its plants are protected from climate-related restrictions and diseases. They are environments where indoor plant cultivation is done. With the increasing human population Despite the increasing food demand, agricultural areas are decreasing. Therefore, greenhouses its importance is increasing day by day. Accordingly, the efficiency of greenhouses Scientific studies are carried out to increase it. These studies show that the temperature inside control, densification on the outer coatings by controlling Reducing the light cut-off caused by the light passing through the outer surface coatings and scattering, making the light more suitable for photosynthesis with fluorescent particles (S. Pearson, A.E. Wheldon, P. Hadley, "Radiation transmission and Iluorescence In recent years, the cost and transportation costs experienced due to the distance of greenhouses from the cities. vertical farming practices in greenhouses in order to prevent difficulties has started. Systems defined as multi-storey or vertical greenhouses are increasingly is becoming widespread and important developments are being experienced regarding multi-storey greenhouses. This land costs of greenhouses thanks to the use of multiple floors in the same area in practice is lowered. Thus, it becomes possible for them to be established close to cities.

However, in multi-storey greenhouses, both light installation and electricity High lighting costs arise due to its consumption. This established on the roof of multi-storey greenhouses for the purpose of reducing costs and Systems that distribute the collected light into the building are used.

In addition, as a result of developing space research, the world's leading extraterrestrial colonization by incoming space exploration organizations It is stated that he has plans. A place where the atmosphere is absent or different. It is known that the radiation wavelength distribution will be different in the medium. of the world atmosphere will be harmful to plants, such as ultraviolet (UV) of the heat from the sun It filters the spectra of the plants that have evolved in our world and uses a different light such as UV. Exposure to the light wavelength is calming for the plant. Therefore, the world and It is clear that the agriculture that will be done outside the atmosphere will not be exposed to direct light. It is foreseen that it will be carried out in closed greenhouses. In the greenhouses mentioned The use of systems or artificial light sources that collect and distribute the light is not recommended. is seen.

Plants cannot absorb every spectrum of solar radiation with the same efficiency, for example Green plants reflect green light more. This situation has a natural effect on product yield. It brings nerves.

The fluorescent or light scattering on the standard single-storey greenhouses Coatings in which particles are used absorb more than half of the solar radiation. reflects to the outside of the greenhouse. Due to the rays reflected outside the greenhouse, the unit area name is significantly reduced. Plants according to the absence of coating it is exposed to less heat and the amount of usable light decreases. greenhouse yield also decreases. Installation costs of lighting systems used in multi-storey vertical agriculture is high. In greenhouses where lamps are used for lighting, electricity is high. with the cost of lamp replacement and the replacement cost of lamps at the end of their life. are compared.

As an alternative to lighting with lamps, it collects sunlight and uses fiber-optic There are greenhouses where the light is distributed inside the building with cables. In this type of greenhouse The light is dispersed with the help of lenses designed in accordance with the human eye.

Even distribution of light on the shelves with plants due to the lenses used cannot be provided. Increasing the rack height and/or the number of fiber cables Various solution trials, such as increases its costs.

In agricultural applications outside the Earth's atmosphere, UV wavelengths are used in the atmosphere. It cannot directly benefit from natural light as it is not absorbed by the environment. conversion of spectra to those that can be used with higher yields improves plant development. by accelerating, it increases efficiency. For example, filtering of IR rays inside the greenhouse By preventing the temperature increase, it both increases the efficiency and provides ventilation. lowers its expenditures. In addition to this, the name of the plant may be harmful to the plant. spectra, for example UV, will be prevented from accessing the plant, thereby protecting plant health.

Which plants cannot use for photosynthesis (especially UV and IR rays) and/or It absorbs the rays in the spectrum it uses in low efficiency and uses it in high efficiency. use in greenhouses of coatings containing fluorescent particles that radiate into the spectrum plant growth efficiency can be increased with (fluorescent particles/fluorescent additives) (S. Pearson, A.E. Wheldon, P. Hadley, "Radiation transmission and A device, method and lighting system are mentioned to grow it.

In publication U86603069Bl, a parabolic dish solar concentrator and solar A solar energy system with a tracking mechanism is mentioned.

The aim of this invention is to use day/solar rays in efficient spectra for photosynthesis. loss reflected outside the greenhouse, where it is filtered and transmitted to photosynthesizing biomass A lighting system for multi-storey greenhouses where heat is avoided is to perform.

Another aim of the invention is to ensure that the biomass in the multi-storey greenhouse is heated at an equal rate. A lighting system for multi-storey greenhouses where overall production is increased by exposure to realizing the system.

With this invention, there has been a significant increase in biomass production, especially depending on latitude. is provided. The increase rate is especially high where the light is relatively more limited. It can be expected to be more in latitudes. With filtering of day/sunlight It has been made possible to make agriculture outside of the earth's atmosphere and agricultural productivity has been increased. has been increased.

Detailed Description of the Invention To achieve the aim of this invention, a method for multi-storey greenhouses has been realized. An exemplary application of the lighting system for better understanding of the invention shown in the attached figures. Details of the invention in full consideration of the specification These figures should be evaluated by keeping in mind; Figure 1. A lighting for multi-storey greenhouses in an exemplary embodiment of the invention sematic view of the system.

Figure 2. Parabolic dish sun (G) in an exemplary embodiment of the invention is the schematic view of a heat collector with a condenser.

Figure 3. The schematic of the reflective unit in an exemplary embodiment of the invention. is the view.

The parts in the figures are numbered one by one and the corresponding numbers are given below.

. lighting system 2. Light collector 2.1 First parabolic reflector fiber optic array fiber optic cable optical multiplexer 95"?? reflective unit 6.1 Light reflective surface 6.2 Fluorescent particles 6.3 Middle layer 6.4 Anti-reflective coating 6.5 Light scattering particle Q. Multi-level greenhouse B. Biomass A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) for positioning the greenhouse (S) on the roof (C) and collecting the sun (S)/daylight at least one light collector (2); where the light collector (2) focuses the sun (G)/daylight a fiber optic array (3); multilayer solar (G)/daylight in the fiber optic array (3) fiber optic cables (4) positioned on at least one floor (O) of the greenhouse (S) at least one optical multiplexer (5) for distributing it; end of at least one fiber optic cable (4) positioning in a region above it and a photosynthesis in the fold (0) the sun (G)/day coming out of the fiber optic cable (4) end to the biomass (B) that can A light reflecting surface (6.1) on the back to reflect the light, biomass (B) light in the spectrum that it cannot use for photosynthesis and/or in my low place Fluorescent particles that absorb, radiate in the spectrum it uses with high efficiency (6.2) a middle layer (6.3) containing an anti-reflective coating (6.4). It contains the reflector unit (6).

Biomass capable of photosynthesis (B) is composed of plants, algae, plankton, bacteria, animals (eg Elysia chlorotica) are examples.

An application of the subject lighting system (1) uses light scattering particles. The middle layer (6.3) includes (6.5). Titanium to light scattering particles (6.5) dioxide particles, and the middle layer (6.3) material is polyethylene or polycarbonate is an example. Middle layer (6.3) polyethylene or polycarbonate without use; only light scattering particles (6.5) and fluorescent particles (6.2) It can also be formed by deposition on the light reflecting surface (6.1). Middle without the use of layer (6.3) polyethylene or polycarbonate; only fluorescent also through the deposition of particles (6.2) on the reflective surface (6.1). can be created.

It is an adaptable device for all applications of the subject lighting system (1). another application is a light collector (2) that makes it point towards the sun (G). It includes a sun (G) tracking mechanism.

It is an adaptable device for all applications of the subject lighting system (1). In another application, the light collector (2) is a parabolic dish solar (G) it is intensifying. An exemplary parabolic dish solar (G) condenser outside to a second parabolic reflector located opposite the incident day/sun (G) light. It comprises a first parabolic reflector (2.1) that directs (2.2). Second The parabolic reflector (2.2) reflects the day/sun (G) light on it to the first parabolic reflector. reflector (2.1) transmits it to the fiber optic array (3) located in its center.

It is an adaptable device for all applications of the subject lighting system (1). In another embodiment, the light collector (2) is a parabolic trough.

It is an adaptable device for all applications of the subject lighting system (1). In another embodiment, the light collector (2) is a fresnel lens.

It is an adaptable device for all applications of the subject lighting system (1). in its other implementation, the middle layer (6.3) is a translucent environment.

It is an adaptable device for all applications of the subject lighting system (1). in another embodiment, the middle layer (6.3) is a borosilicate glass or lens.

It is an adaptable device for all applications of the subject lighting system (1). In another application, fluorescent particles (6.2) are used as a polyethylene-based film. is located in.

An exemplary working principle of the application subject lighting system (1) is given below. Light collector(s) located on the roof (C) of the multi-storey greenhouse (S) (2) Through it, the sun (G)/daylight is dropped onto the fiber optic array (3). Fiber Iiber optics via the sun (G)/daylight optical multiplexer(s) (5) in the optical array distributed to the cables (4). Extending to (S) floor(s) (O) of the multi-storey greenhouse The sun (G)/daylight is transported to the floor/floors (O) via fiber optic cables (4).

Sun (G)/daylight fiber optic cable (4) ends coming out of fiber optic cables (4) It is directed to reflective units (6) located in a region opposite/over it.

The first anti-reflective coating (6.4) of the solar (G)/light reflective unit (6) falls on it. Thanks to the anti-reflective coating (6.4), the sun (G)/daylight most of them are included in the middle layer (6.3). The middle layer (6.3) contains Biomass was determined by filtering sunlight (G)/daylight through fluorescent particles (6.2). (B) light in the spectrum that it cannot use for photosynthesis and/or in my low place By being absorbed, it is ensured to radiate in the spectrum it uses with high efficiency.

In practice, if the middle layer contains light scattering particles (6.5) sun (G)/day light and/or light in said spectrum through light scattering particles (6.5) dispersed or scattered. Scattered or scattered by light scattering particles (6.5) sun (G)/daylight is also in the spectrum mentioned through fluorescent particles (6,2). It is cooled for heating. Thus, by using less fluorescent material unabsorbed sun (the CD/daylight ratio is reduced to the lowest level. The light reflecting surface (6.1) behind the light middle layer (6.3) in the spectrum by reflecting back onto the biomass (B) in the multi-storey greenhouse (S) chamber (O).

Claims (1)

REQUESTS 1. At least one light collector (2) for positioning on the roof (C) of a multi-level greenhouse (S) and collecting sun (S)/daylight; a fiber optic array (3) in which the light collector (2) focuses the sun (G)/daylight; at least one optical multiplexer (5) for distributing the sun (G)/daylight in the fiber optic array (3) to the fiber optic cables (4) located on at least one floor (O) of the multi-storey greenhouse (S); a light reflecting surface () on the back for positioning in a region above at least one fiber optic cable (4) end and reflecting the sun (G)/day light emanating from the fiber optic cable (4) end to a photosynthesizing biomass (B) within the layer (0). 6.1), a middle layer (6.3) containing fluorescent particles (6.2) that absorbs the light in the spectrum that the biomass (B) cannot use for photosynthesis and/or uses at low efficiency, radiating in the spectrum it uses at high location (6.3), a reflective unit in the front with a reflective coating (6.4) A lighting for multi-storey greenhouses (S) containing (6) . A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in claim 1, comprising a middle layer (6.3) containing light scattering particles (6.5). . A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in any one of the above claims, comprising a sun (G) tracking mechanism that enables the light collector (2) to be directed towards the sun (G). . A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in any one of the above claims, comprising a light collector (2) with a parabolic dish solar (G) concentrator. . A lighting system for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in any one of the above claims comprising a light collector (2) with a parabolic trough. A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in any one of the above claims comprising a middle layer (6.3) which is a translucent medium. A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in any one of the above claims comprising a middle layer (6.3) which is a borosilicate glass or lens. A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in any one of the above claims containing fluorescent particles (6.2) contained in a polyethylene-based film. A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in any one of the above claims containing fluorescent particles (6.2) applied on the reflective surface (6.1). A lighting system (1) for multi-storey greenhouses (S) as in any one of the above claims comprising fluorescent particles (6.2) and light scattering particles (6.5) applied on the reflective surface (6.1).