SU99962A1 - Multi-chamber cyclone firebox - Google Patents

Description

A disadvantage of the known cyclone furnaces intended for burning various solid fuels and equipped with a combined cyclone combustion chamber and a chamber for heat treatment of the fuel and its crushing combined into one furnace is that they do not effectively prepare the fuel for its complete combustion and are complex in design.

The described multi-chamber cyclone furnace with controlled pneumatic thermal grinding, consisting of a fine shot chamber, drying and thermal preparation of the fuel and a combustion chamber and removal of the hylak in liquid form, prepares the fuel more efficiently for its complete combustion and is simple in design.

A feature of the furnace is that the chamber for thermal preparation of fuel and its crushing is made of two adjacent cyclone chambers, one side of which for both chambers is an embossing and carries a shot plate.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of the furnace; in fig. 2 - its longitudinal section.

For thermal preparation of the fuel and crushing it in the furnace described here, there are two adjacent cyclone chambers / and 2, which are ONE-frequency casting. The upper chamber / is larger than the lower chamber 2.

The chamber for burning and slag removal in liquid form has an elongated cylindrical shape and a diameter somewhat smaller than the diameter of the upper large chamber. In order to ensure sufficiently rapid removal of liquid slag from chamber 3, all chambers are inclined 7 ° to the horizon.

The vertical axis of the lower cyclone chamber 2 is slightly shifted with respect to the same axis of the upper chamber / so that it is open, and side 4 (wall) of both chambers tangent to their cylindrical surfaces is inclined to the horizon at an angle of about 55.

The juxtaposition of chambers g, 2 opposite to the 4 sides of the sides is made in the form of a rounded cape 5. Some inside the furnace volume of chambers 1 and 2. On the short side of the section 6, the 1-sided side of Cape 5 is flat and coincides with the cylindrical surface 8 of the upper chamber}, and the upper side of the cape 5 at a small length of section 1 of section 9 coincides with the plane tangent to the cylindrical surface 10 of the lower chamber 2 and perpendicular to the side 4.

a part of the common side 4 KaiMCp / and 2 is equipped with a crushing plate //.

For tangential entry of frequent (5-7%) primary air together with finely chopped fuel into the upper part of chamber 1, in its wall, there is a slit 12, but the length is equal to the length of the chamber /.

From the side opposite to the cape 5, the rest of the primary (accelerating) air flowing to the pipe 13, the amount of which regulates the iron of the rotary valve 14, is tangentially introduced into the lower part of the chamber 2.

From the bottom, chamber 2 is equipped with a cooling water with a cast-iron shutter 15 m, which serves for accidents | south discharge from the extinguishing chamber of the jiacKenleny tonne and focal remnants.

The frontal quilting 16 of chambers 1 and 2 and the rear wall 17 of the lower chamber 2 are flat.

But the axes of the upper cyclone chamber / front wall 16 are provided with a right angle window for insertion of a slot burner 8 into the chamber, then bend them for combustion during the kindling of a light, gaseous or hot air burner in accordance with local

CONDITIONING ZIYAMI.

depending on the steienn humidity of the fuel burned, the walls of the chambers / n 5 are made cooled NLP supercooled.

For incineration of thin coals and anthracites in the walls, the walls of the chambers / and 2 are equipped with a cooling coil screen, and for burning moist coals, highly moist peat and slatty, they have inside the Keramalacium.

Between chambers 1 and 3, a threshold 19 is arranged in the form of an annular panel, behind which tangentially injected into the upper part of the cyclone chamber 3. All the secondary air through several openings 20 ave.: Rectangular section. The combustion chamber 3 is terminated by the annular panel 21 cooled with water, under which the inclined channel 22 is located, which serves to divert from the chamber-Lchndkogo donkey.

The wall of the chamber 3 is cooled with water; internally, it is covered with nlasmic chrome ore, which serves as the basis for the formation of a liquid slag film formed from burnt particles of thinning high-temperature furnaces.

The described thin is designed to efficiently and organically incinerate various tons of it without pretreatment, i.e. without using mine mills and the like, installed outside of thin.

Crushed fuel gets with a part of air heated to a temperature of 350-450 ° C in the upper part of a cyclone chamber /. Me Kiye fractions of the fuel, washed with a high speed moving at high speed, falling from the elevated pressure zone into the rarefaction zone, are broken and quickly dried and intensively burned in the pilot flame, maintaining the high temperature in the chamber /.

At first, the combustion process of the fuel tank in chamber 1 proceeds with a sufficient excess of air and high temperature. However, when a large amount of finely ground, dried and partially burning oil approaches the mouth of the pde.ti, you see a gas swirl from the crushing plate // in the upper chamber / will follow the so-called “n; ) lugazovuy mode.

A large fuel crumb with a nonsunked surface layer BELOW the camera / enters the “accelerating stream of hot air supplied by the tangent air but into the lower part of the cyclone cameo 2. This outflow is moving; /, 5Dry down, dried surface layer on pieces of fuel. The small fractions of fuel, removed from the stove, // with an air-gas flow, as indicated above, are carried to the mouth of the gap 12.

The smallest particles of fuel at the same time burn down, raising the temperature of the furnace, and the larger fuel melt circulates in the upper chamber / until it disappears

pyrogenetic decomposition of the fuel, as a result of which fine particles will be carried by the gas stream into chamber 5.

The non-grind on the slab 11 large fuel crumb rolls down the inclined side 4 into the lower cyclone chamber 2, is again picked up by the accelerating air and again with even greater force than before, is thrown onto the crushing slab /, repeat this circulation to the extent of grinding, ensuring their air-gas swirl into the camera.

Together with a large fuel crumb, small particles of fuel, repeatedly circulating in the central layer of a closed vortex until complete combustion, are introduced into chamber 2 in a small amount. Combustion products are carried out by “accelerating air into the upper one about the chamber /.

In the lower cyclone chamber 2, the process of acceleration is large: the final crumb is accompanied by its intensive drying, fresh weather, ignition and combustion of small fractions of fuel resulting from the process at a high pyrometric level.

Degree nzme. the fuel and the regulation over a wide range of the rate of its combustion is accomplished by varying the velocity of the accelerating air. The flow of “accelerating air in the bottom 2 is not closed, since it moves this chamber in the tangential direction, and the formation of a cyclone vortex in this chamber occurs from the ejecting action of the ocHoisiioro flow“ of accelerating air.

In the chamber / flow of the accelerating air, together with the otzsigen generators of fuel, the direction of the crushing plates // is deflected to the axis of the chamber / air-fuel flow from the slot 12 and the flow of the accelerating air coming from chamber 2. The air-gas vortex in the cyclone chamber 1 moves they are removed, twisting from the periphery to the chamber axis and acquiring the greatest twist on the axis of chamber 1 at the front wall 16. As the air-gas vortex in the chamber moves away from the wall / decreases under the influence of the cyclone vortex formed in the chamber 5 from the secondary air stream.

From chamber 1, the gas-fuel flow is directed to the cyclone chamber 3 in the form of a diverging conical vortex. As it moves along chamber 5, small pieces of fuel are thrown by centrifugal force onto the liquid slag film of the inner surface of chamber 3 and quickly burn, washed with high ekorosty secondary air.

Subject and title

Claims (3)

1.Multi-chamber cyclone furnace with controlled pneumatic thermal grinding, consisting of a crushing chamber, drying and thermal preparation of the fuel and a combustion chamber and removing P1l Ilaka in a liquid 15nd, o and t; but with that. that the chamber of thermal preparation of fuel and its crushing is made of two adjacent cyclone chambers, one side of which for both chambers is an extension and -: a crushing plate. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, of tl and h, a, y, and the fact that the crushing plate is made of a steppe plate or wavy. 3. Topka according to claim 1, of tl and h and y tts and so. in the case of burning coal and anthracite coal, it is provided over the entire surface of the crushing and heat treatment chamber with cooling screens outside, and, in the case of burning moist coal, the surface of the coal is ceramic.