SU997968A1 - Chill mould casting automated line - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to a foundry, in particular, to an automated chill casting line for producing castings with cavities and holes of steel and cast iron alloys, and can be used in any field of mechanical engineering.

The known automated line of the chill casting to produce castings with cavities and openings, containing interconnected by means of transfer and orienting of melting units, autoclaves for melt processing, chill machines with means of stripping chills and applying of protective coatings from them, sprue separation and removal devices rods, casting heat treatment units, equipment for stripping and cleaning castings and means of control and testing. The lines use rods made from core mixtures 1.

A disadvantage of the known line is the increased waste of castings on burnings and gulfs of cavities and holes due to thermal and chemical destruction of the rods used.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of castings by reducing the mechanical and thermal effects of the melt on the rods.

This goal is achieved by the fact that an automated chill casting line for producing castings with cavities, containing interconnected by means of transmission and orienting smelting units, autoclaves for processing the melt, chill molds with means for stripping chills and applying protective coatings on them, separating devices sprues and core removal, heat treatment units for castings, equipment for cleaning and cleaning castings and means for monitoring and testing are equipped with interconnected and with means of transferring and orienting an agragate for the manufacture of cores in metal shells and a device for heating them before being installed in a chill machine, the unit for manufacturing cores in metal shells contains a device for manufacturing the base of the rod, a chamber for degreasing the base of the rod and device for metal sheathing on it. In this case, the device for the manufacture of the base rod is made in the form of a machine for pouring a node with pressure. The chamber for degreasing the core stem is made in the form of a dipping bath. The device for deposition of a metal shell on the core is made in the form of a dipping electrolytic bath or in the form of a chamber of a jet napa. The device for removing the cores from the castings is made in the form of a heating furnace. FIG. 1 shows the line layout; in fig. 2 is a schematic of a machine for manufacturing a core stem; in fig. 3 is a diagram of a chamber for degreasing a rod base; in fig. 4 shows a variant of the device for applying a metal sheath to the base. The line contains a melting unit 1 of the type of cupola or electric furnace, an autoclave 2 for refining and modifying the melt, casting machines 3, rotary multi-position chill machines 4 and 5 with equipment for cleaning and coloring the metal molds, an assembly 6 for manufacturing cores 7 in metal shells, device 8 for heating the rod 7. the device 9 for installing the rod 7 into the chill molds of machines 4 and 5, the control panel 10, the manipulator 1I for extracting castings from the mold, the device 12 for separating sprues and removing the rods, the manipulator 13 for orientation casting units, unit 14, made in the form of annealing furnace for annealing, pallet return vehicle 15, mechanism 16 for feeding pallets into unit 17 for cooling castings, switchgear 18, mechanized emery grinding machines 19, machine 20 for mechanized cleaning of castings and its (their) cast channels, predominantly with metal shot and blowing with compressed air, means 21 for monitoring cast cavities and channels in castings, for example, a rigid end or flexible fiber optic tube, device 22 for mechanical testing tests of castings for hardness, impermeability, etc., switchgear 23 for separating rejected castings, vehicle 24 for returning rejected castings to remelting, chamber 25 for applying anti-corrosion protection to the surface of the casting, monorail 26 for supplying the melt to the casting machines 3 and conveyors 27-34 with reception tables 35-38. An assembly 6 for manufacturing cores 7 in metal shells comprises a device for manufacturing a base rod, made in the form of an injection molding machine 39, a chamber 40 for degreasing the base rod and a device 41 for applying a metal shell on the base rod. The injection molding machines 39 contain a plate 42 for fastening the punching mold, ejectors 43 and 44, a movable sleeve 45 of the mold, a cavity 46 for the rod 7, a fixed holder 47 of the mold, a pressing chamber 48, a pressing unit 49, a heating furnace 50 with a crucible 51 for the rod the mass 52 and the heated mouthpiece 53. As the core mass can be used highly plastic material such as a melt, for example, based on aluminum, copper or other material with a melting temperature below the melting point of the casting material or lightweight of material. The degreasing chamber 40 is made in the form of a bath filled with a degreasing solution 54. The device 41 for applying a metal sheath to the base is made either in the form of an electrolyte bath (Fig. 3), or in the form of a spray spray chamber (Fig. 4). The device 8 for heating the finished rod 7 before installation in the chill machines 4 and 5 is made in the form of a passable heating wire containing a discharge table 55 and a means 56 for returning the pallets. Lini works as follows. Manufactured rods 7 are fed to the conveyor 31, by which they are fed into the device 8. the number of heating. The heated rods 7 and the pallets are fed to the unloading table 55, from which the device 9 or manually installed in the opened chill molds. At the same time, the molten metal prepared in the smelting unit 1 and refined in the autoclave 2 is served in buckets through monorail 26 and casting machines 3, of which the metal is poured into chill molds in which the castings are cooled to a predetermined temperature. The cooled castings are removed from the metal mold by the manipulator 11 and fed into the device 12 for separating the sprues and removing the core mass from the metal shell of the core left in the casting, and further along the conveyor 27 they enter the receiving table 35, where they are placed using the manipulator 13 on pallets that .mechanism 16 served in unit 14 for annealing. After annealing, the released pallets of the vehicle 15 are returned for reloading by castings, and the annealed castings by conveyor 28 are loaded into the unit 17 for cooling the castings. The cooled castings enter the distribution device 18, from which they are conveyed by conveyor 30 to mechanized sanding of sanding and grinding machines 19 and mechanized shot blasting into the machine 20. The cleaned and cleaned castings enter the receiving tables 36 and 37 of the conveyor 32, which are fed to the control device surface quality of molded cavities and channels in castings. Controlled castings are fed to mechanical tests in the device 22, from which they are passed to the switchgear 23 to separate the rejected castings. The rejected castings are returned by the vehicle 24 to remelting, and suitable castings by the conveyor 33 are supplied to the chamber 25 for applying anti-corrosion protection to the surface with transfer by the conveyor 34 to the subsequent processing.

After production of castings of the same size in arperaiTe 6, the core tooling is replaced, and in the chill masks 4 and 5, the chill molds are replaced and the cycle is repeated.

The invention eliminates castings by the presence of foreign inclusions (burn, scale, bays, etc.) from cast channels and cavities of castings.

Claims (6)

1. Automated chill casting line for the production of castings with cavities, containing interconnected by means of transmission and orienting melting units, autoclaves for treating the melt, chill molds with means for stripping chills and applying protective coatings on them, devices for separating gates and removing rods, units for heat treatment of castings; equipment for cleaning and cleaning of castings; and means of control and testing. characterized in that, in order to increase the quality of the castings by reducing the mechanical and thermal effects of the cast material on the rods, it is provided with interconnected means and means of transmission and orientation with an apparatus for producing rods in metal shells and a device for heating them before installation in chill masks while the unit for the manufacture of rods in metal shells contains a device for the manufacture of the base of the rod, a chamber for degreasing the base of the rod and the device l deposited on it a metal shell. 2. The lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for the manufacture of the base of the rod is made in the form of a mold for injection molding. 3. Line by p. 1, characterized in that the chamber for degreasing the base of the rod is made in the form of a dipping bath. 4. Lines according to claim I, characterized in that the device for applying a metal sheath to the substrate is made in the form of an electrolytic dipping bath. 5. Lines according to claim, characterized in that the device for applying a metal sheath to the base is made in the form of a jet-spray chamber. 6. Lines according to claim I, characterized in that the device for removing the cores from the castings is made in the form of a heating furnace. Information sources, taken into account in the examination 1. Nikolaenko, E. G. and others. Mechanization and technology for the production of chill pour. Kiev, “Technique, 1969, p. 222-223. 35 JJ№ Ц П ИТ1 / Wi 36.