SU997035A2 - Controllable random event flow generator - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to computing and can be used in the probability modeling.

According to the main auth. About 344431 a generator is known that contains a series-connected input block, a block of elements And, a memory register and a counter, the input of which is connected to. the output of the pulse generator, j a. output, is connected to the control input of the memory register, the outputs of which through the blocking device are connected to the input of the block of elements I, the other input of which is connected to the output 0k. tasks for test f 1.

However, the control of all elements of the Non-output block of the test duration setting is carried out simultaneously, which reduces the accuracy of the generator control.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the generator.

To achieve this goal, the test duration unit contains a pulse generator, a counter, a group of memory registers and a group of comparison circuits whose outputs are the output of the block and the output of the pulse generator is connected to the counting

the input of the counter, whose inputs are connected to the first groups of inputs of the group comparison circuits, respectively, the second groups of inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the respective memory registers of the group whose inputs form the information input of the block.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a generator; in fig. 2 - the work of the generator.

The generator contains a block of 1 input of streams of random pulses, a block 2 for downloading test durations, a block of 3 elements AND, an encoder 4, a register 5 of memory, a counter 6, a block 7 of blocking, a generator in pulses. The unit 1 for inputting random currents of pulses contains a sensor 9 streams of random pulses and a block of 10 delay elements. Vlok 2

The 20 set test durations include a pulse generator 11, a counter 12, memory registers 13, and comparison circuits 14.

The essence of the proposed invention is that the adjustment to a given probability distribution function is carried out by changing the ratio of durations-enabling signals for each of the coincidence circuits included in the flea coincidence circuits, and not by changing the intensities of the sensor 9 in contrast to prototype. Obviously, it is easier to programmatically control the duration of the resolving signals than to control the intensities of the streams of random pulses generated by sensors of the streams of random pulses. Intensities of all streams of random impulses arriving at ele- The AND elements included in block 3 are constant for all AND elements included in block 3 and do not change in. The process of reconfiguring to reproduce another distribution function is: ro tNOST. This allows you to use one quality sensor for the flow of random pulses and to carry out for it the stabilization of the intensity formed; Let us consider the assignment of —individual blocks of the proposed generator of non-stationary streams of random events with digital control. Block 1 of introducing streams of random pulses is designed to form n independent streams of random pulses with the required intensities. Unit 2 for specifying test durations is intended to form n permitting signals (by the number of elements AND in block 3, the number of which corresponds to the number of quantization intervals of the reproduced probability distribution function) the duration of these signals correspond to codes from an external source of control codes (for example, ZVM) and determine the probability of the random variable being formed in the corresponding quantization interval. So using this. The control of the type of the reproduced probability distribution function and its numerical characteristics is controlled. Unit 3 of the And elements, containing n 3 input elements And, is designed to implement a random test and form a unitary code in which the unit corresponds to the element And of the block 3, the output of which is a signal in this diesel, test. The encoder 4 is designed to convert the n-bit unitary code of the number of the element AND of the block 3, through which the first signal passes when conducting the next random test into a positional code-corresponding bit. Memory register 5 is designed to memorize the number of that element of AND block 3, through which the pulse from random pulse pulses first after the start of the random test passes. The pulse counter b and the pulse generator 8 are designed to convert the code coming from register 5 of the number of elements AND into a time interval. The blocking block 7 is intended to prohibit the conduct of a random test by blocking the elements of block 3, if in register 5 the numbers of the elements AND are stored a code other than zero. The sensor 9 of the streams of random pulses is designed to form a primary stream of random pulses, for example Poisson, with an intensity D /. Block 10 of delay elements is designed to receive from one random pulsed stream, for example a Poisson one, with intensity Xn independent streams with the same intensity. For this, for example, the property of a Poisson stream can be used, which consists in the fact that the duration of the intervals between adjacent signals in the Poisson stream are independent of each other. For a Poisson flow, the input and output of the delay line are practically independent of each other, if during the delay time ty, with a probability close to unity, another impulse of the input flow comes. The required value t, is determined by the formula Vi f / L - the intensity of the Poisson flow; 1 - P, P - probability of a pulse appearing at the output of sensor 9 of streams of random pulses during time t., This probability is chosen close enough to unity. Delay elements can be performed, for example, on Schmidt triggers included in integral complexes of elements (series 155, for example). A pulse generator 11 and a pulse counter 12 are intended to form a current time code. A random test to be carried out is required for the operation of the converters. The code is a time interval. The generated code is fed to the comparison circuits of all converters: the code is a time interval, even though their operation is synchronized. The block 13 of memory registers is intended for storing control codes from an external source, for example from a control computer, and determining the type of reproduction of the distribution function and its numerical characteristics.

Comparison circuits 14 are designed to produce, in conjunction with a register n, of permitting signals arriving at the elements AND of the block 3 of the elements I. The resolving signal is formed at the output of the Comparative Circuit c. the time interval when the value of the code stored in the corresponding register 13 is greater than the value of the code of the current time of the random test at the output of the pulse counter 12. .

Consider the operation of the proposed device in the stationary mode, which is characterized by the fact that a stream of random events (random time intervals by adjacent signals) is formed on the generator's generator, and the type of reproducible probability distribution function and its numerical characteristics remain unchanged. Since the nature of the reproducible distribution function and its numerical characteristics are determined by the control codes stored in the registers 13, consequently, in the stationary mode, these codes remain unchanged.

A reproducible distribution function is approximated by a set of probabilities, each of which is taken equal to the average value of the distribution function in the quantization interval. Therefore, the larger the number of quantization intervals used for the approximation, the higher the reproduction accuracy of the given distribution function. The number of quantization intervals is equal to the number of streams of random pulses coming from block 1 for inputting streams of random pulses, the number of elements AND of block 3, the number of registers 13 and comparison circuits 14. This number is indicated by the symbol p.

Consider the operation of the generator from the moment when the overflow signal appears at the output of the pulse counter 6, which sets to zero all register bits 5 the numbers of elements I. If the register numbers 5 of the elements in all register bits 5 and zero are written, then blocking 7 is triggered and opens, on the blocking input, elements AND of block 3. Block 2, specifying test durations periodically produces n permitting signals, which arrive at n elements AND block 3. Duration of the permitting signal -b, incoming, to i-th element, And Lock 3, is determined by a code in the iM register 13 and varies from the value of T - the period of the signals from the pulse generator 11 to the value T (), where m is the counter size of the pulse 12; Resolution signals are generated at the outputs of the comparison circuits 14 during the interval the time when the code value of the current time in the counter 12 pulses is less than or equal to the value of the code in the corresponding register of the 13 memory. Thus, each of elements AND of block 3 is open for the time interval defined by the code stored in its corresponding register 13. The first pulse received from block 1 of the input of streams of random pulses during the time of random testing, when element AND of block 3 is open the control (from the comparison schemes 14) and the blocking (from the blocking block 7) inputs go through one of the elements AND of the block 3 and the encoder 4 writes into the register 5 the number of the element And through which the pulse passed. After this, the contents of memory register 5 is no longer zero, therefore blocking block 7 is triggered, which prohibits the blocking input from operating the elements AND block 3, and until the next random test, the state of register 5 of the element number And does not change.

The credibility of the fact that the first 1 passes the pulse; through i - element and block 3, depends on the duration of the enable (control) signal, which is allowed to this element AND on the corresponding comparison circuit 14 and, consequently, on the value of the control code in the iM register 13. Change of control code values in the registers 13, it is possible to control the likelihood that the register number 5 of the element AND records the number of one or another element AND of block 3, i.e. form the required probability distribution function.

On counter overflow signal

6 and Ivshilkov, the new contents of register 5 of the number of elements are rewritten into the counter of 6 pulses and the register 5 is reset to memory and, as a result, the block

7 blocking enables operation of block 3, after which a new random test begins.

Claims (1)

The pulse generator 8 and the pulse counter 6 jointly convert the number recorded in the pulse counter 6 into the time interval between adjacent "signals generated by the random pulse stream proposed by the generator; at the same time, a new random test is conducted, as a result of which a new random number is formed (element number AND of block 3 through which the pulse passed), which is recorded in register 5. The intensity of the output stream of random signals generated by the proposed generator is adjusted. by changing the frequency of the signals coming from the pulse generator 8; changing the frequency of the reHefiator and the pulses does not affect the appearance of the reproducible function of respiratory probability. Consider the work of the proposed generator in non-stationary mode, i.e. a generator reconfiguration procedure to reproduce another probability distribution function. The reconfiguration is carried out by writing to the registers 13. the control codes corresponding to the new distribution function. The quick reconfiguration of the proposed generator from the reproduction of one distribution function to the reproduction of another (the reconfiguration time is equal to the recording time in the registers 13 of the new control codes) using a control computer or other means of generating control codes allows generating non-stationary streams of random pulses. Below are the mathematical relationships that allow you to determine the values of the control codes, if the probability distribution function is specified. FIG. Figure 2 shows the timing diagram of the operation of elements AND of block 3. This diagram shows n random impulse streams coming from block 1 for inputting streams — random pulses, and n control signals coming from block 2, setting durations of random tests for control inputs of elements And blocks 3. In the presence of a permissive signal from blocking scheme 7, an occasional test is performed, consisting in giving permissive signals to the elements AND of block 3 and determining the number of that element AND through which the first pulse passed in this case the test. When constructing the proposed generator of non-stationary flows of random events with digital control, the fact is used that the probability of the first signal of the i-th stream of random pulses arriving at the corresponding element AND of block 3 when conducting random tests depends on the ratio of the duration of control signals arriving from block 2, the assignment of durations of random tests to the control inputs of the element AND of block 3. A random test can be interpreted as a process of throwing at a random moment in Yemeni tg points simultaneously on independent random pulse flows, intervals between adjacent impulsapi which have densities switchgear laziness probabilities f (V) /, f (V), ... for V The moment to to corresponds to the beginning of the joint action on the block of 3 elements AND of the permissive signal, the signal from block 7 of blocking and control signals from the block 2, specifying the duration of random tests. The appearance of the occurrence is first after the moment t. the impulse of the K-th stream is determined by the expression f where Tj |, is the duration of the K-th resolution signal; & the duration of the time interval between the time t and the time of arrival of the first pulse; Hcssb) probability density of the interval O for the stream with the number K) Pk (c)) a9 function of the probability distribution of the interval ddl of the stream with the number K, WY. (V) dV is the mathematical O. waiting for the duration of the interval q between adjacent signals in the stream number K. Using expression (1), it is possible for Poisson flows with intensity X to obtain a recurrent formula for calculating TV, starting from the probability vector {P, P ordered by ascending v "and) -CwnXPufp and That O; P Calculation of LC; is carried out consistently, starting with the TT., and ending with the T ,. This calculation, together with the calculation of the probabilities for a given distribution function, is advisable to carry out with the help of EYU1, which also assigns the recalculation of the intervals T to the control codes according to the formula T T de K - the value of the control code in the decimal number J T is the period of the signal following. 11 pulse generator. Thus, in the proposed geerator, it is possible to programmatically control the type of reusable density function and its numerical characteristics, as well as the formation of non-ionic streams of random events. The proposed device implements a digital method for controlling the type of reproducible distribution function with frequency and its numerical characteristics (new characteristics). It allows to increase the reproducing rate of the required probability distribution function, carry out an operational restructuring from one distribution function to another, use this device in a complex with a computer. The proposed device contains only one sensor of primary flows of random raeiyjibcoB (DPSI), and its intensity can be constant; The accuracy of reproducing the given probability distribution function of the grain by increasing the number of quantization intervals does not entail an increase in the number of DPSs. streams of random pulses. Formula of the invention. A controlled generator of random streams according to aut. St. P 344431, distinguished by the fact that, in order to increase the accuracy, the test time setting block contains a pulse generator, a counter, a group of memory registers and a group of comparison circuits whose outputs are the output of the block the outputs of which are connected to the first groups of inputs of the comparison circuits of the group, respectively, the second groups of inputs of which are connected to the output of the corresponding memory registers of the group, the inputs of which form the information input of the block. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 344431, cl. G About F 7/58, 1970 (prototype). blod From ffH, eiffffeeo uct ffa t / npao / r foiff / x / fi ITi Qt