SU994614A1 - Arrangement for constructing drainage system - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR DRAINAGE CONSTRUCTION The invention relates to land reclamation and can be used in the construction of drainage in mineral soils of forestry and in the preparation of developed peats for agricultural use. A device for cutting water-absorbing slots with simultaneous introduction of an organic filler, including slits in the form of a wedge-shaped knife, a hopper with an organic filler system in the form of conveyors, and multi-blade firewood, is known. he has to overcome considerable friction force between the walls of the thorn and the slit during the cutting of mineral soils having a high coefficient of friction for a hundred and. This is due to the fact that the organic aggregate is fed into the already cut slot through the opening in the rear end wall of the chink, therefore its cheeks are in contact directly with the cut soil. At the same time, the aggregate, assuming, after deformation of the walls of the slit, the appearance of a narrow vertical layer, exerts a very weak pressure on the side walls of the slit, not filling the pores and cracks of the soil arising during the cutting process. In addition, loose aggregate settles at the bottom of the trench and does not always ensure the contact of the drain with the upper permeable layer of the soil. Both of the latter circumstances reduce the efficiency of drainage functioning in low permeable soils. A device for the construction of drainage is also known, which includes a vertical knife with transverse channels and a longitudinal channel connected with them connected to the organic filler supply system 2. However, the known device has high energy consumption, since in order to prevent the soil from clogging directly below in the area of contact of the edge with the soil being destroyed, it is necessary to ensure the supply of water under a pressure of 50-100 kg / cm2. In addition to Voro, the supply to the surface of the knife as a lubricant provides only smart There is no friction between the knife and the walls of the drain, but it does not increase the water permeability of the walls of the cut drain and does not isolate the drainage tubes if they are laid, which reduces the efficiency of the drainage function.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the energy intensity of the workflow and increase the efficiency of drainage.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device, in the side walls of the knife, directly behind its cutting part there are grooves communicating with transverse channels, while the rear edges of the grooves are located with respect to the walls of the drain at an angle of 0-70 °, and the cutting part of the knife is made in the form of a two-stage wedge surface, the second step of which is wider than the first in the cutting zone.

The goal is also achieved by the fact that the cutting part of the knife is provided with additional knives installed in a horizontal plane within the side walls of the knife, and a locking tab is mounted on the upper end of the knife with the ability to move in a vertical plane.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, side view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. I; in fig. 4 - working body, side view; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. four; in fig. 6 - section G-Y in FIG. four.

The drainage construction device comprises a base machine 1 with a hinged frame 2, a working member in the form of a knife 3, a pump 4, a pipeline 5 and a hopper 6 for an organic aggregate. In the side walls of the knife, directly behind its cutting part, grooves 7 and associated transverse channels 8 are made, communicating with a longitudinal channel 9 connected to the organic filler supply system.

The cutting part of the knife can be made in the form of a two-stage wedge-surface, the second stage 10 of which is extended to the first 11 in the cutting zone. In this case, the cutting part of the knife can be equipped with additional knives 12 installed in a horizontal plane within the side walls of the knife.

A locking washer 13 is installed at the upper end of the wedge-shaped knife with the ability to move in a vertical plane.

The device works as follows.

The working body in the form of a knife 3 when moving the device cuts the drain. In the process of cutting the drainage to the grooves 7 of the knife from the hopper 6, the pipeline 5 transports an organic aggregate under pressure through a pump 4, for example, peat hydromass. The torfo mass enters the longitudinal channel 9., the transverse channels 8 connected with it, the grooves 7 and then applied with the side walls of the knife 3 onto the walls of the cut drain. When performing the cutting part of the knife 3 in the form of a two-step surface, the second stage 10 of which

In the first 10 in the cutting zone, cutting the soil with the second blade of the knife due to the presence of lubricant is carried out under more favorable conditions. When installed in a horizontal plane on either side of the cutting edge of the knife 3 additional knives 12, forming additional cracks in the walls, the hydromass is applied to the cutting edges of these knives and fills the additional cracks in the walls of the drain.

When the transverse channels 8 are made in the body of the knife 3, their diameter increases as they approach the bottom of the knife, which allows for a uniform flow of peat mass over the depth of the drain.

When the depth of immersion of the knife 3 is changed, the washer 13, installed on its upper end face with the possibility of reciprocating movement in a vertical plane, overlaps the drain cavity in the feed zone of the organic filler.

Applying a layer of organic aggregate to the walls of the drain allows for more reliable contact between the upper permeable layer of the soil and the drain, which increases the drainage efficiency.

Technical and economic efficiency in the use of the claimed device consists in reducing the energy intensity of the working process and increasing the efficiency of drainage in mineral soils.

Claims (5)

1. A device for the construction of drainage, including a vertical knife with transverse channels and an associated longitudinal channel connected to the organic filler supply system, characterized in that, in order to reduce the energy intensity of the working process and increase the efficiency of drainage, the side walls of the knife grooves communicating with transverse channels are made behind its cutting part. 2. A device according to claim I, characterized in that the rear edges of the grooves are located with respect to the walls of the drain at an angle of 0-70 °. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting part of the knife is made in the form of a two-step wedge surface, the second step of which is wider than the first in the cutting zone. 4. Device on PP. 1 and 3, characterized in that the cutting part of the knife is provided with additional knives mounted in a horizontal plane within the side walls of the knife. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure overlap The drain cavity in the feed zone of the organic filler, when the depth of the device is changed, the lock washer is installed in the upper end of the knife with the possibility of movement in the vertical plane. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 360908, cl. A 01 B 13/16, 1971. 2. USSR author's certificate number 234770, cl. A 01 B 13/00, 1974. Fg / g // Fg / g at s-e ) / k 0yf.ff