SU993167A1

SU993167A1 - Device for testing switches for switching-off unloaded line charge current

Info

Publication number: SU993167A1
Application number: SU813323609A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Михайлович Рудный; Вячеслав Николаевич Сметанин; Рудольф Мизхатович Шагеев
Original assignee: Уральский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени политехнический институт им.С.М.Кирова
Priority date: 1981-07-23
Filing date: 1981-07-23
Publication date: 1983-01-30

Description

Изобретение относится к электротехнике, а именно к испытаниям высоковольтного выключателя в режиме отключения зарядных токов ненагруженных линий.The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to testing a high-voltage circuit breaker in the mode of disconnecting the charging currents of unloaded lines.

Известно устройство для испытания выключателей на отключение заряд ного тока, содержащее колебательный контур и конденсатор.A device is known for testing circuit breakers for switching off the charging current, comprising an oscillating circuit and a capacitor.

В указанном устройстве, являющемся эквивалентной схемой, отключаемый выключателем опережающий ток и вое-¹станавливающее на контактах на- , пряжение получают от колебательного контура промышленной частоты высокого напряжения £ 1].In the indicated device, which is an equivalent circuit, the leading current switched off by the circuit breaker and warping ^{on the} voltage contacts are obtained from the oscillation circuit of the industrial high-frequency frequency £ 1].

Недостатком его является низкая точность испытаний .·Its disadvantage is the low accuracy of the tests.

Наиболее близким техническим решением к предлагаемому является устройство для испытания выключателей на отключение зарядного тока, содержащее первый реактор,. компенсирующий реактор, элемент включения, конденсаторную батарею, первый конденсатор, второй конденсатор и резистор, источник постоянного напряжения £2/].The closest technical solution to the proposed is a device for testing circuit breakers to turn off the charging current, containing the first reactor. compensating reactor, switching element, capacitor bank, first capacitor, second capacitor and resistor, constant voltage source £ 2 /].

Недостатком известного устройства является неточное воспроизведение формы и амплитуда восстанавливающегося напряжения на линейном кон- .A disadvantage of the known device is the inaccurate reproduction of the form and the amplitude of the recovering voltage on the linear con.

такте испытуемого выключателя при испытании в режиме отключения зае рядных токов ненагруженных трехфаз^э ных линий электропередач.cycle test switch in the test mode off zae row currents unloaded trehfaz ^e GOVERNMENTAL power lines.

Цель изобретения - повышение достоверности результатов испытаний.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of test results.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в устройство для испытания выключателей на отключение зарядного тока ненагруженных линий, содержащее первый источник напряжения, соединенный первым выходом через первый элемент коммутации с первым выводом первого конденсатора и через испытуемый выключатель с первым выводом первого реактора, второй вывод которого соединен через второй конденсатор и первый резистор с первым выводом, через второй реактор и конденсаторную батарею с вторым выходом первого источника питания, соединенным через третий реактор и второй элемент коммутации с вторьвл выводом 25 первого реактора, введены второй источник .питания, третий элемент коммутации, третий и четвертый конденсаторы, второй резистор, четвертый и пятый реакторы и искровой разряд30 ник, соединенный первым выводом с первым выводом третьего конденсатора , первым и вторым выходами второго и первого источников питания соответственно, вторым выводом через четвертый реактор с первым выводом пятого реактора, соединенного вторым 5 выводом через второй резисторы четвертый конденсатор с первым выводом, непосредственно с вторыми выводами третьего и первого конденсаторов, соединенными через третий эле- 10 мент коммутации с вторым выходом второго источника питания.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for testing circuit breakers for disconnecting the charging current of unloaded lines, containing a first voltage source connected to the first output through the first switching element with the first output of the first capacitor and through the test switch to the first output of the first reactor, the second output of which is connected through a second capacitor and a first resistor with a first output, through a second reactor and a capacitor bank with a second output of the first power source connected through a third a reactor and a second switching element with a second output 25 of the first reactor, a second power supply, a third switching element, a third and fourth capacitors, a second resistor, a fourth and fifth reactor and a spark discharge30 nickel connected to the first terminal with the first terminal of the third capacitor, the first and the second outputs of the second and first power supplies, respectively, the second terminal through the fourth reactor with the first terminal of the fifth reactor, connected by the second 5 terminal through the second resistors, the fourth capacitor with the first water, directly with the second terminals of the third and first capacitors, connected through the third switching element to the second output of the second power source.

мый выключатель начинает протекать ток ’ My switch starts to flow ’

величина которого при заданном напряжении предварительного заряда U_o конденсаторов 1 и 10, равном сумме напряжения (Л на конденсаторе 1 и напряжения и_ио на конденсаторе 10, определяется емкостью последовательно включенных конденсаторов 1 и 10, которая соответствует емкости ненагруженной фазы линии.the value of which at a given pre-charge voltage U _{o of the} capacitors 1 and 10, equal to the sum of the voltage (L on the capacitor 1 and the voltage and _io on the capacitor 10, is determined by the capacity of the series-connected capacitors 1 and 10, which corresponds to the capacitance of the unloaded phase of the line.

На фиг. 1 приведена электрическая схема устройства; на фиг. 2 временная диаграмма процессов при отключении ненагруженной трехфазной линии в устройстве; на фиг. 3 - временная диаграмма изменения напряже4 наиспы15 кониспы25 ния на конденсаторах,’ на фиг. расчетная временная диаграмма пряжения на линейном контакте туемого выключателя.In FIG. 1 shows the electrical circuit of the device; in FIG. 2 is a time diagram of processes when disconnecting an unloaded three-phase line in a device; in FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of a change in voltage 4 of a test 15 of condensation 25 across capacitors, ’in FIG. calculated time diagram of the voltage across the linear contact of the circuit breaker.

Устройство содержит·первый денсатор 1, первый реактор 2, туемый выключатель 3, второй элемент 4 коммутации, конденсаторную батарею 5, второй 6 и третий 7 реакторы, первый резистор 8, второй 9 и третий 10 конденсаторы, пятый 11 и четвертый 12 реакторы, управляемый искроЗО вой разрядник 13,_w второй резистор 14, четвертый конденсатор 15, первый 16 и второй 17 источники питания, первый 18 'и второй 19 элементы коммутации. Кроме того, обозначены фиг.2 35₍напряжение (J^ на полюсе выключателя по отношению к земле перед отключением; величина Δϋ^ снижения напряжения на шинах подстанции после гашения дуги в выключателе;· величина ДО·) повышения напряжения на отключенной фазе трехфазной линии, отключаемый ток -i ; момент £4 гашения тока в выключателе; амплитуда восстанавли.вающего напряжения U +Мд на выключателе.The device comprises a first denser 1, a first reactor 2, a mute switch 3, a second switching element 4, a capacitor bank 5, a second 6 and a third 7 reactors, a first resistor 8, a second 9 and a third 10 capacitors, a fifth 11 and a fourth 12 reactors, controlled spark spark gap 13, _w second resistor 14, fourth capacitor 15, first 16 and second 17 power supplies, the first 18 'and second 19 switching elements. In addition, Fig. 35 is indicated ₍ voltage (J ^ at the pole of the circuit breaker with respect to the ground before tripping; value Δϋ ^ of voltage reduction on the substation buses after arc extinction in the circuit breaker; · DO value)) voltage increase on the disconnected phase of the three-phase line, switchable current -i; moment of quenching current £ 4 in the switch; amplitude of the recovering voltage U + Md on the switch.

Устройство работает следующим образом. .The device operates as follows. .

Перед опытом испытуемый выключатель 3 включен, элемент 4 коммута-» ции отключен, конденсаторная батарея 5 и последовательно включенные конденсаторы 1 и 10 заряжаются от источника 16 через элемент 18 коммутации. Требуемая величина напряжения на конденсаторе 10 корректируется источником 17 через элемент 19 коммутации. После достижения на конденсаторах 5 и 10 заданных условием опыта напряжений источники 16 и 17 отключаются. Для проведения испытанийбО подаются согласованные между собой команды на отключение испытуемого выключателя 3 и включение элемента 4. В момент включения элемента 4 _гвключения (А_о, фиг. 3) через испытуе'вBefore the experiment, the test switch 3 is turned on, the switching element 4 is turned off, the capacitor bank 5 and the series-connected capacitors 1 and 10 are charged from the source 16 through the switching element 18. The required voltage across the capacitor 10 is adjusted by the source 17 through the switching element 19. After reaching the voltage specified by the test condition on the capacitors 5 and 10, the sources 16 and 17 are turned off. To conduct the test, coordinated commands are sent to turn off the test switch 3 and turn on the element 4. At the time of switching on the 4 _g switch (A _o , Fig. 3) through the test

Синусоидальность отключаемого тока обеспечивается выбором величины индуктивности компенсирующего реактора 6. Суммарное напряжение на последовательно включенных конденсаторах 1 и 10 определяется из выраженияThe sinusoidality of the switched-off current is provided by the choice of the inductance of the compensating reactor 6. The total voltage at the series-connected capacitors 1 and 10 is determined from the expression

UoQt) = U<(6) + и_г (4) г - (J_o со6 цуЬ.UoQt) = U <(6) + and _r (4) r - (J _o ω6 u.

В связи с тем, что напряжение заряда конденсаторов 1 и 10 не пропорционально их проводимости(— i , C_iQpC^) конденсатор 10 при про9&кании тока 4(t) не меняет полярности своего зарядного напряжения.Due to the fact that the charge voltage of capacitors 1 and 10 is not proportional to their conductivity (- i, C _iQ pC ^), the capacitor 10 does not change the polarity of its charging voltage when current 4 (t) passes.

На временной диаграмме (Лиг. 3) показан характер изменения напряжений на конденсаторах 1,5 и 10 до нуля отключаемого тока (момент -Ц)и после нуля отключаемого тока до амплитуды восстанавливающего напряжения на испытуемом выключателе (момент £_й1 Кривые 1,5 и 10 соответствуют форме изменения напряжений на конденсаторах 1,5 и 10.In the timing chart (Lig. 3) shows a voltage change of the character on the capacitors 1,5, and 10 to zero current to be interrupted (torque TJ) and zero after the interrupted current to reducing the voltage amplitude on the test switch (£ _th moment curves 1 and 1.5 10 correspond to the form of voltage variation across capacitors 1.5 and 10.

Соотношения емкостей конденсаторов 1 и 10 и их зарядных напряжений . выбираются таким образом, чтобы напряжение на конденсаторе 10 через полупериод снизилось до величины (7 2 (фиг. 3), равной величине 4/2 Δϋ д , т. е. соответствовало бы ожидаемому суммарному повышению напряжения на отключаемой трехфазной линии (AU*) вследствие электростатического влияния и косоугольного распределения напряжения вдоль линии.Ratio of capacitance of capacitors 1 and 10 and their charging voltages. are selected in such a way that the voltage across the capacitor 10 decreases after half a time to a value (7 2 (Fig. 3) equal to 4/2 Δϋ d, i.e., would correspond to the expected total voltage increase on the disconnected three-phase line (AU *) due to electrostatic effect and oblique distribution of voltage along the line.

Вблизи нулевого значения отключаемого тока ( момент ) включается искровой разрядник 13 и. конденсатор 10 начинает перезаряжаться через последовательно включенные реакторы 11 и 12. Скорость изменения напряжения на конденсаторе 10 и переходный затухающий колебательный процесс определяются соответствием величин элементов 11, 12, 14 и 15. Через полупериод промьв:1ленной частоты (т. е. к моменту £3) конденсатор 10 перезарядится и напряжение на линейном •контакте испытуемого включателя 3 по отношению к земле увеличится на величину ZUi’AUd соответственно реальным условиям работы выключателя в трехФазной сети.Near the zero value of the disconnected current (moment), the spark gap 13 and turns on. the capacitor 10 begins to recharge through reactors 11 and 12 connected in series ) the capacitor 10 will recharge and the voltage at the linear • contact of the tested switch 3 with respect to earth will increase by the value ZUi'AUd according to the actual operating conditions of the switch in a three-phase network.

’Параметры элементов 11 - 15 должны быть выбраны таким образом, чтобы кривая U_A (фиг. 3/, являющаяся суммой кривой 1 и кривой 10 на участ ке с достаточной точностью / воспроизводила процессы на линейном контакте выключателя. Это· обеспечивается правильным выбором элементов 10, 1, 15, 11 и 12 устройства.'The parameters of the elements 11 - 15 should be selected so that the curve U _A (Fig. 3 /, which is the sum of curve 1 and curve 10 in the section with sufficient accuracy / reproduces the processes at the linear contact of the switch. This · is ensured by the correct choice of elements 10 , 1, 15, 11, and 12 devices.

Величина сопротивления резистора 14 определяет время затухания высокочастотной составляющей колебательного процесса, В реальной ненагруженной линии продолжительность вырав-15 нивающего переходного дроцесса с многократными отражениями волн от разомкнутых концов фазы составляет не более полупериода промышленной частотыThe resistance value of the resistor 14 determines the decay time of the high-frequency component of the oscillation process. In a real unloaded line, the duration of the equalizing transient drafts with multiple wave reflections from the open ends of the phase is no more than a half-period of the industrial frequency

II

Расчетная кривая ”1 (фиг. 4) ‘ соответствует изменению напряжения на линейном контакте выключателя при отключении первой фазы ненагруженной линии 500 кВ в реальной сети. Расчетная кривая 2 - изменению напряжения на линейном контакте испытуемого выключателя Зв предлагаемом устрой Стве. Расчет параметров элементов устройства и кривых 1, 2 произведен для условий испытания четверти полюса выключателя 500 кВ. Из сопоставления кривых 1 и 2 следует что предлагаемое устройство обеспе- . чивает достаточно точное воспроизведение процессов при испытании выклю- ’ чателя на отключение токов ненагружен ных линий.The calculated curve ”1 (Fig. 4)‘ corresponds to the change in voltage at the linear contact of the circuit breaker when the first phase of an unloaded 500 kV line is disconnected in a real network. Computed curve 2 - voltage change on the linear contact of the tested switch Sv of the proposed device Stwe. The calculation of the parameters of the device elements and curves 1, 2 was made for the test conditions of the quarter pole of the switch 500 kV. From a comparison of curves 1 and 2 it follows that the proposed device is provided. switches on a fairly accurate reproduction of processes when testing a switch for disconnecting the currents of unloaded lines.

Таким образом, введение элементов .10 - 14, 17 и 19 обеспечивает приближение условий испытаний выключателя 3 к условиям их реальной работы, что повышает достоверность результатов испытаний.Thus, the introduction of elements .10 - 14, 17 and 19 ensures that the test conditions of switch 3 are closer to the conditions of their actual operation, which increases the reliability of the test results.

третий элемент ком25third element com25

Claims

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to tests of a high-voltage switch in the disconnection mode of charging currents of unloaded lines. A device for testing circuit breakers for disconnecting a charging current containing an oscillating circuit and a capacitor is known. In the indicated device, which is equivalent to a circuit, a leading current that is switched off by a switch and installed at the contacts, a voltage is obtained from the oscillating circuit of the high-frequency industrial frequency frequency | one . Its disadvantage is the low accuracy of the tests. The closest technical solution to the present invention is a device for testing switches and switching off the charging current containing the first reactor. compensating reactor, switch-on element, capacitor battery, first capacitor, second capacitor and resistor, constant voltage source G, A disadvantage of the known device is inaccurate reproduction of the shape and amplitude of the restoring voltage at the linear conti- nus, the stroke of the switch under test when tested in the mode disconnection of charge currents of unloaded three-phase power lines. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the test results. This goal is achieved in that the device for testing switches for switching off the charging current of unloaded lines, contains the first voltage source connected to the first output through the first switching element with the first output of the first capacitor and through the test switch to the first output. the first reactor, the second terminal of which is connected through the second capacitor and the first resistor to the first output, through the second reactor and a capacitor bank to the second output of the first power source connected through the third reactor and the second switching element to the second 4 terminal of the first reactor, a second power supply is introduced , the third switching element, the third and fourth capacitors, the second resistor, the fourth; and the fifth reactors and the spark discharge connected by the first output with the first output of the third capacitor, the first and the volt second outputs and the first power supply, respectively, the second output through the fourth reactor with the first output of the fifth reactor connected to the second output via the second resistors, the fourth capacitor with the first output, directly to the second outputs of the third and first capacitors connected via the third element switching with the second output of the second power source. FIG. 1 shows the electrical circuit of the device; in fig. 2 time diagram of processes when disconnecting an unloaded three-phase line in the device; in fig. 3 is a time diagram of voltage variation across capacitors; in fig. 4, the calculated voltage timing diagram for the line contact of the test switch. The device contains: the first capacitor 1, the first reactor 2, the test switch 3, the second switching element 4, the capacitor battery 5, the second 6 and the third 7 reactors, the first resistor 8, the second 9 and the third 10 capacitors, Fifth 11 and Fourth 12 reactors, controlled spark gap 13, second resistor 14, fourth capacitor 15, first 16 and second 17 power sources, first 18 and second 19 switching elements. In addition, FIG. the voltage U at the pole of the switch relative to the Zellgl before disconnecting; the voltage decrease value DU on the substation buses after the city without an arc in the switch, is the value BEFORE the voltage increase on the three-phase line disconnected phase / switchable current -i; moment b of current in the switch; the amplitude of the restored voltage and, y-2C-dial + dOd on the switch. The device works as follows. Before the experience, the test switch 3 is on, the switching element 4 is disconnected, the capacitor battery 5 and the series-connected capacitors 1 and 10 are charged from the source 16 through the switching element 18. The required voltage on the capacitor 10 is corrected by the source 17 through the switching element 19. After reaching the capacitors 5 and 10 given by the condition of the experience voltage sources 16 and 17 are disabled. For this purpose, coordinated commands are issued to disconnect the tested switch 3 and turn on the element 4. At the moment when the element 4 is turned on, the C-toi switch of FIG. 3 the capacitor 1 and 10, which is equal to the sum of the charge on both the capacitor 1 and the capacitor 10 and the capacitor 10, determine the capacitance of successively connected capacitors 1 This corresponds to the capacity of the unloaded phase of the line. The sine wave of the switchable eye is ensured by the selection of the inductance value of the compensating reactor 6. The total voltage on the sequentially connected condensates 1 and 10 is determined from the expression UoC-t) - U, ttHUaa; -UoC06ujt. Due to the fact that the charging voltage of capacitors 1 and 10 is not proportional to their conductivity - -, C) capacitor 10 when current i flows (t7 does not change the polarity of its charging voltage. On the time diagram (Lig. 3 ) shows the nature of the voltage change on the capacitors 1.5 and 10 to the zero current to be switched off (time t) and after the zero current to turn off to the amplitude of the restoring voltage they are on the test breaker (time Curves 1.5 and 10 correspond to the form of the voltage change on capacitors 1 , 5 and 10. Capacitor ratios 1 and 10 their charge voltages are chosen in such a way that the voltage on the capacitor 10 after half a period decreases to a value of 2 (Fig. 3), equal to the value -f / 2 dl, i.e. would correspond to the expected total increase of the voltage disconnected a three-phase line due to electrostatic influence and an oblique distribution of voltage along the LINE. Near the zero value of the current to be switched off (time t), the spark gap 13 and turns on. the capacitor 10 begins to recharge through successively connected reactors 11 and 12. The rate of change of voltage on the capacitor 10 and the transient damped oscillatory process are determined by matching the values of elements 11, 12, 14 and 15. Through the half-period of the frequency range (i.e. By the time -tji), the capacitor 10 recharges and the voltage at the line contact of the test switch 3 in relation to the negative will increase by KJiAUi according to the actual operating conditions of the switch in the three-phase network. The parameters of elements 11-15 should be chosen so that the curve UA (Fig. 3}, which is the sum of curve 1 and curve 10 on ke (, -iy} reproduces processes on the line contact of the switch with sufficient accuracy. This is ensured by the correct choice of elements 10, 1, 15, 11 and 12 devices. The magnitude of the resistor 14 determines the decay time of the high-frequency component of the oscillatory process. In a real unloaded line, the duration of the balancing transition process with multiple reflective waves from the gap the end of the phase is not more than half a period of the power frequency. Calculated curve 1 (Fig. 4; corresponds to the change in voltage on the line contact of the switch when the first phase of the unloaded 500 kV line in the real network is disconnected. Calculated curve 2 is the change in voltage on the linear contact of the subject switch 3 in the proposed device. The parameters of the device elements and curves 1, 2 were calculated for the test conditions of a quarter pole switch of 500 kV. From comparison of curves 1 and 2 it follows that the proposed device is provided. It provides a fairly accurate reproduction of processes when a switch is tested for disconnecting currents from non-load lines. Thus, the introduction of elements LO - 14, 17 and 19 provides an approximation of the test conditions of switch 3 to the conditions of their actual operation, which increases the reliability of the test results. -HzS-l -AWX- ff Claim device for testing switches for switching off the charging current of unloaded lines, containing a first voltage source connected by a first output through a first switching element to a first terminal of a first capacitor and through a test switch to a first terminal of a first reactor, The second terminal of which is connected through the second capacitor and the first resistor to the first terminal, through the second reactor and the capacitor battery to the second output of the first power source connected through the third reactor Op and the second switching element with the second output of the first reactor, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the test results, a second power supply, a third switching element, third and fourth capacitors, a second resistor, fourth and fifth reactors and a spark the arrester connected by the first output to the first output of the third capacitor, the first and second outputs of the second and first power sources, respectively, the second output through the fourth reactor to the first output of the fifth peaKTOpa J connected The second output through the second resistor and the quarter capacitor with the first output, directly with the second outputs of the third and first capacitors, connected through the third element kc "mutation with the second output of the second power source Information sources taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 699453, cl. G 01 R 31/02, 1979.

2. USSR author's certificate for application number 2912531/21, cl. G 01 R 31/02, 23.04.80 (prototype type). / g W ..

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