SU988925A1 - Method of producing laminated fibrous material - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR OBTAINING A MULTILAYERED FIBER.

one

The invention relates to textile industry, in particular to the production of nonwoven materials, and can be used as insulating, filtering or finishing materials for building buildings, building highways, laying railroad tracks, land reclamation works and others.

A method of producing a multilayer fibrous material is known, in which canvases are formed from stapled fiber, fastened with needling and impregnated with a binder, followed by drying and fixing the binder, and then calendered and cooled.

The disadvantage of this method is the use of scarce fibers with a relatively large staple length as a raw material, and the fact that the method does not allow for the use of shorter fibers, including own production waste (fluids when combing the fiber), as well as various textile and plastic waste. other productions.

MATERIAL

The purpose of the invention is to save raw materials and the use of waste.

This goal is achieved in that according to the method of producing a multilayer fibrous material, in which canvases are formed from stapled fibers, fastened with needles, impregnated with a binder, followed by drying and fixing the binder, and then calendered and cooled, additional canvases are formed. waste fibers that are distributed between stapled canvases with

15 of this additional canvases from the waste of fibers are taken in the amount of 1050% of the mass of the obtained multilayer material, and when bonding the canvases, needle-cropping is carried out with

20 frequency of punctures 60-220 by 1 cm.

For additional strengthening of the finishing canvases and leveling their surface, the formed canals undergo preliminary needling at a frequency of punctures of 30-50 per 1 cm, and after distributing neither additional canvases between canvases made of stapled fiber 30), the canvases are additionally calibrated at 5 20 kgf / cm. For intermediate layers, not only waste of the initial raw material can be used, for example, lamination when combining fiber of own production, but also waste from other industries, for example, fiber waste (shearing) when making artificial fur on a knitted basis (up to 25% by weight of the original fiber), having a linear density of 1-4.5 tex and a length in the mixture of 3-60 mm. Depending on the purpose and weight of the MULTILAYER fiber material, the waste parameters are chosen: linear density, amount and bonding density of canvases - cha tota igloprokalyvani The length of the waste. Fiber 3 mm is determined by the fact that during the process of needling the needles, shorter fibers are removed, thereby not providing the necessary connection between the fibers and the canvases. The mass of intermediate layers containing a mixture of fibers with a length of 3-60 mm should not exceed 50% of the mass of the final material, and the maximum amount of waste should be radially used in materials followed by impregnation with a binder; be pre-compacted with needling (up to 50 cm), and a fully formed multi-layer, it is advisable to subject the semi-finished product to calendering to level the surface before It is a needles needling. These operations contribute to obtaining high-quality material when using low-quality raw materials - industrial waste. Specific pressure Waste material in the total mass,% during calendering, kgf / cm P RIM e p 1. Pile floor coverings with a fiber mass of 1000 g / m with a preformed capron fiber with a linear density of 3.5 tex and a staple length of 90 mm The front and substrate layers, each of which is pre-strengthened by needling by punching at a frequency of 50 cm, contain an intermediate layer of a mixture of polyamide and polyacrylonitrile fibers with a linear density of 1.0-1.7 tex and a length of 3-25 mm calendered At a pressure of 18 kgf / cm, it is sealed by needling by punching at a frequency of 120 cm and soaked with styrene-butadiene rubber latex (SCS-65 TP) with a binder weight of 300 g / m (dry matter), previously dried with hot air to a moisture content of 25% at t, fixed by contact wet-heat treatment by passing through a drum dryer to a final moisture content of 7-8%, followed by stabilization of the binder by heat-setting on drums at t 120 ° C, calendered at a pressure of 80 kgf / cm and t, then the pile coating is cooled rapidly a two-way nozzle blowing an air stream at t 18c and speed of 15 m / s. Example. 2. Pile coating, for walls with a fiber mass of 400 g / m. with preformed outer layers of nylon fiber with a linear density of 1, O tex, cutting length of 60 mm, contains an intermediate layer of a mixture of polyamide and polyester fibers, 3-12 mm long, 1.0-1., 5 tex in the amount of 25% by weight of fiber (10.0 g / m), calendered at a pressure of 5 kgf / cm, held together by needling and 140 cm at a frequency of 15 cm, is permeated with a latex based on polychloroprene carboxylated rubber (MX-30-1) with a binder weight of 150 g / m ( dry matter) and undergoes further heat treatment in the same way as th century. Example 1, calendered at a pressure of 20 kgf / cm and t 170 ° C. Example 3, a 500 g / m nonwoven filter laminate with outer layers of nonshrinkable polyamide fibers with a cutting length of 90 mm, 1.0 tex (60% by weight of the fiber) and shrink (not expanded) polyester fibers with a cutting length of 80 mm, 1.0 tex (20%) holds the intermediate layer from a mixture of polyamide and polyester fibers with a length of 10-40 mm, 1.0 tex (20% by weight of the fiber - 100 g / m), sealed with double needle puncture with a frequency of 120-100 cm. Example 4, Non-woven filter broth MULTI-LAYER with

weighing 650 g / m, containing 3 preformed webs of non-shrinking polyamide fibers with a cutting length of 90 mm, 1.0 tex (45% by weight of the fiber) and shrinkable polyester fibers with a cutting length of 80 AM, 1.0 tex 25%) pre-strengthened by needling with a frequency of 50 2 intermediate layers of short fibers (waste) from a mixture of polyamide and polyester fibers with a length of: 1st layer - 25-40 mm, 1.0 tech 100 g / m; 2nd LAYER - 1025 mm long, 1.0 tex, 100 g / m, fastened with double needle punching with a frequency of 100 .70 cm

Replacing raw materials in the production of multilayer nonwoven materials with domestic waste and textile waste and other industries, such as abstinence of the production of artificial fur on a knitted basis, provides an economic effect of up to 550 thousand rubles per 1 million m of material.

Claims (2)

1. A method of producing a multilayer fibrous material, in which canvases are formed from stapled fiber, is bonded by their bending, impregnated with a binder, followed by drying and fixing the bonding agent, and then calendered and oh, lazydat, distinguishes us by the fact that , in order to save raw materials and 5 use of production wastes, form additional canvases from fiber wastes, which are distributed between stapled fiber canvases, while additional canvases from fiber wastes are taken in the amount of 10-50% by weight of the obtained multi-layer material, and when stitching the canvases, needle-punching is performed with the frequency of punctures 5 60-220 cm 1 2. A way to pop, 1 ,. it is also distinguished by the fact that, in order to further strengthen individual canvases and level their surface, the canvases are subjected to prior needing with a frequency of punctures 30-50 by 1 cm, and . after distributing additional canvases between canvases made from staples 25 of the black fiber provide additional calendering of the canvases at a pressure of 5–20 kgf / cm. Sources of info; 4ation taken into account in the examination thirty 1. USSR author's certificate 514926, cl. D 04 H 1/64, 1976.