SU983177A1 - Earth-fill dam on undermined territory - Google Patents

Description

(54) GROUND DUTS FOR WORKABLE The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used in the construction of dams of soil materials in areas undermined by underground workings. Dams from soil materials are known in which, in order to prevent the formation of cracks during deformations of the base, the cavities are filled, filled with non-joints with soil Cl. The disadvantage of these dams is the low reliability of operation during their construction in the undermined territories, i.e. with the possibility of significant base deformations. Closest to the invention is a groundwater dam in the underworked area, including heat plots and antifilter-gradient placed in C 2 rails. The disadvantages of the known dam are the relatively low reliability and durability of work in; TERRITORIES of the possibility of further developed cracks and the occurrence of new developments with continued underworking. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and durability of the dam under conditions of continuing base deformation, ensuring the filtration Vtponity of the progivofiltration element in the dam rafts. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the cracks of a dam made of soil materials the impervious elements are placed along the axis of the rails and made in the form of piles, for example, rammed. In order to prevent the occurrence of sharp cracks in the intervals between the pile rows, the halves of the piles in the neighborhood of the EE: Rows are connected by anchors with preliminary tension. In addition, rammed piles of soil with grain size, increasing in the direction from the roof to the lower slope, and in the driving 98 pile piles of the pile from the bottom of the tower, are made of porous concrete. The dam is above the raised pile from the bottom of the hill. The cavity between the cylinder P1 is equipped with an elas. a fluid chamber filled with pressurized fluid exceeding the water pressure at the bottom of the dam. To exclude the request of the material of the pile packing into the cavity of the hail, the gasket is enclosed in a mesh sheath with an elliptical cross section, the length of the ocbjKoToporo is located along the crack axis. Fig. „I shows a dam made of soil materials, in plan; in fig. 2 section Aw in FIG. I; in fig. 3 - section BB in FIG. I; in fig. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. one; in FIG. 5, a wedge-shaped driving pile, a transverse and a longitudinal section; in fig. 6 is a printed sandstone, cross and longitudinal section; .on FIG. 7 - pile, made in the form of g} of the shtravl dtsrat, transverse and longitudinal section. A dam of soil materials includes ridge I, upper 2 and lower 3 slopes and a workout base 4. Along the 9SI transverse cracks 5 are placed. Which increases in the direction from the upstream slope2 to the lower 3. The stuffed piles can be provided with strains in the upper part. In driven piles, which may be made intermittently along the length of the tratsina, svb. from the side of the slope, made of porous concrete. When the piles are immersed in the body of the dam, the soil in the volume of the piles is displaced to the sides, creating additional pressure and pressure along the axis of the pile and thus preventing the formation of cracks from the impact of the base working; dam mining operations. With this deformation, the elongated dams are compensated for by introducing new volumes of material into the dam body into the dam body. In the case of continued long-term deformations, new intermediate rows of piles are submerged into the dam (Fig. I and 2). Rows can be taken less than or equal to two heights of the dam (the need to introduce additional rows and their sizes 7 are determined by calculation). Svam m in rows can be tilted in the direction of the lower slope, which can increase the effectiveness of the filter screen & shears .- The gasket 10 for the injection of cement mortar with 11 holes along the axis of the wedge driving pile 6 is designed for additional soil reduction of the dam body can in some cases replace the driving of additional intermediate piles; 1st series. To increase the filtration resistance of the pile row on the surface of the sun-well pile, longitudinal ribs 12. If not to use injections and outlets, cover with drainage nets, pile 6 can be used as an Sfj drain. Piles made of porous concrete can be used as piles, as well as filtered parts of pipes from water intake and water wells. If necessary, the pile piles continue in the plan with access to the upper and lower slopes of the dam. FIG. Figure 6 shows the sand padding 8. In the process of the continuing lengthening of the dam, the sand pack is gradually loosened. However, the pile packing can be periodically compacted, for example, by vibro-processing with the help of dib rods. The metal pipe 13 vibro piles can be left inside the gasket and, if necessary, up-. To enter the tube 13 into the cavity of the vibrating rod 14 with vibrating elements 15, which facilitates and accelerates the process of vibro-processing of the stuffing. In order to increase the reliability of the protection of the dam, a part of the stuffed piles can be equipped with permanent low-frequency vibration installations that are remotely controlled. The cavity for packing can also be filled with prismatic and wedge-shaped ones. FIG. 7 shows the pile 6, completed in the form of a .Hydraulic jack. It consists of two halves 16 and 17, the cavity between which is provided with an elastic chamber 18 filled with pressurized fluid through pipe 19. The fluid can be either constant, such as water, or solidifying and expanding. The walls of the pile, equipped with ribs 2O, create a strong pressure on the mount of the dams, reliably compensating for the deformation of the extensions and ensuring the anti-filtration protection of the dam. Longitudinal stitch 21 piles performed

.jHTsaroodpaaifbiM (in the groove and the comb), which provides a monolithic pile when it is piled into the ground and free disclosure during the operational period. To avoid bulging; the chamber, from the inner side, the joint of the shutters is covered with overlays 22.

Sv) a jack may be vnolne and in reinforced concrete. The device of piles (Figs. 5-7) can alternate in a pile p-10, in the necessary combinations in acc. with the construction of the dam and the specific conditions of its protection. In addition, zabivny. For example, wedge piles, MofyT piles are first submerged

only for a part of its length, and then as the deformation of the elongation “1 and

dam clog completely. Periodic accuracy is also effective.

building up piles length, 20

If ramming piles are used in the first stage of the dam protection, in the second stage, driving piles can be submerged along the axes of previously packed ramming piles. Piling can be successfully applied in the elimination of various types of concentrated filtration paths in the dam and in its basement (crucibles, griffins, etc.). When making stuffed piles of drains (such as piles 9 of zos in Figs. I and 4) with the aim of excluding the request for stuffing material into the cavity of the opening cracks, the stuffing is enclosed in a mesh shell that has a long section along the axis and is traditional.

Swa-jack (Fig. 7) can also be performed in the form of drains. To do this, porous plates are stitched onto its walls or a drainage hole system is completed. Hydraulic jacking is also easy to perform with the device of the stuffed piles of FIG. 6 ,. in this case, the pipe 13 is replaced by the chamber 18, which is placed under a constant internal pressure of the fluid. It is also possible to fill the shell with a heavier fluid, ch1Go creates an additional spreading of the shell and provides thawing in the dam. As a fluid, drilling mud based on bentch clay or other heavy components can be used.

F

Formula Shade

Claims (5)

1. A ground dam in the area being worked up, the contribution of the body is pleot and antifiltration elements placed in the cracks, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability and durability of the dam in the conditions of the underlying base deformation and are made in pile management, for example stuffed piles. 2.Plotina- under item I, about tl and h and y y. And with the fact that, in order to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the areas between the pile rows, the halves of the pile in the adjacent rows are connected by anchor rods with pretension, for example, by means of couplings. 3. A dam according to claim I, characterized in that, in order to increase the filtration strength of the pile range, the ramming piles are made of a material with grain size increasing in the direction from the upstream side of the dam to the bottom, and in the driving pile piles, a pile of porous material is installed on the downstream side of the dam. 4. The dam of claim I, characterized in that, in order to increase the level of the trap, the dams of the pile are made of two elements, the cavity between which is provided with an elastic chamber filled with fluid under pressure exceeding the water pressure at the bottom of the dam. 5. A dam according to claim I, characterized in that, in order to exclude the request of the material of the pile packing in the crack strip, the gasket is enclosed in a mesh sheath with an elastic transverse c band, whose long axis is located along the crack axis. Information sources, accepted in the examination.  I. Copyright certificate № 641026, cl. E 02 B 7/06, 1975. 2. Hydraulic structures. Part and. Edited by M. M. Grischina M., Higher School, 1979, p. 289. Lll ± A