SU981610A1

SU981610A1 - Water gun

Info

Publication number: SU981610A1
Application number: SU813244510A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Лев Аншелевич Резник; Юрий Николаевич Ефремов; Геннадий Алексеевич Атанов; Александр Николаевич Семко
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я Р-6767; Донецкий государственный университет
Priority date: 1981-02-03
Filing date: 1981-02-03
Publication date: 1982-12-15

Description

Изобретение относится к горной промышленности и предназначено для разрушения горных пород импульсными струями воды.The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended for the destruction of rocks by pulsed jets of water.

Известен импульсный водомет, включающий ствол, питатель, ресивер, поршни, взводной и рабочий цилиндры и захватное устройство [1].Known pulsed water jet, including the barrel, feeder, receiver, pistons, cocking and working cylinders and a gripping device [1].

Недостатком устройства является то, что величина водяного заряда, заполняющего ствол, постоянна и не регулируется в зависимости от категории пород.The disadvantage of this device is that the magnitude of the water charge filling the barrel is constant and is not regulated depending on the category of rocks.

Наиболее близким техническим решением к изобретению является гидро- 15 пушка, включающая ствол с соплом, ударным поршнем, силовым приводом и зарядным механизмом в виде цилиндра с поршнем и обратными клапанами [2].The closest technical solution to the invention is a hydro-gun, including a barrel with a nozzle, an impact piston, a power drive and a charging mechanism in the form of a cylinder with a piston and check valves [2].

Недостатком устройства является невозможность регулирования объема водяного заряда в зависимости от прочности пород, что приводит к затрате излишней энергии и снижению эффективности гидроразлива. 25The disadvantage of this device is the inability to control the volume of water charge depending on the strength of the rocks, which leads to the expenditure of excess energy and reduce the efficiency of hydraulic spill. 25

Цель изобретения — повышение эффективности разрушения горных пород путем регулирования объема водяного заряда. 30The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of rock destruction by regulating the volume of water charge. thirty

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в устройстве, включающем ствол с соплом й ударным поршнем, силовой привод ударного поршня и зарядный механизм в виде цилиндра с поршнем и обратными клапанами, зарядный механизм снабжен дозирующим клапаном со штоком, установленным с возможностью взаимодействия с поршнем зарядного механизма.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device, including the barrel with the nozzle and the shock piston, the power drive of the shock piston and the charging mechanism in the form of a cylinder with a piston and check valves, the charging mechanism is equipped with a metering valve with a rod mounted to interact with the piston of the charging mechanism.

На чертеже схематически изображено устройство.The drawing schematically shows a device.

Гидропушка включает ствол 1 с соплом 2, ударным поршнем 3, силовым приводом 4 для его разгона и зарядным устройством 5 для подачи водяного заряда 6 в ствол через канал 7. Зарядное устройство 5 выполнено в виде корпуса 8 с установленными на нем приводным гидроцилиндром 9 и водяным цилиндром 10, поршни которых соответственно 11 и 12 соединены общим штоком 13, имеющим клапанный поясок 14, взаимодействующий с седлом клапанаThe water gun includes a barrel 1 with a nozzle 2, an impact piston 3, a power drive 4 for accelerating it and a charger 5 for supplying a water charge 6 to the barrel through a channel 7. The charging device 5 is made in the form of a housing 8 with a driving hydraulic cylinder 9 and a water cylinder installed on it cylinder 10, the pistons of which are respectively 11 and 12 connected by a common rod 13 having a valve belt 14 interacting with the valve seat

15.fifteen.

В корпусе выполнены также каналыChannels are also made in the housing.

16, 17 и 18, сливная полость 19, седло клапана 20 и установлены обратные клапаны 21 и 22 и подпружиненный шток 23 дозирующего клапана 24. На выходе сопла 2 установлен трехпозиционный золотник 25.16, 17 and 18, a drain cavity 19, a valve seat 20, and non-return valves 21 and 22 and a spring-loaded rod 23 of the metering valve 24.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

После завершения очередного выстрела, поршень гидроцилиндра 11, пор- 5 шень 12, ударный поршень 3 и подпружиненный шток 23 находятся в крайней правом положении. При этом канал 16 сообщается со сливной полостью 19. Для подготовки выстрела, производят 10 переключение трехпозиционного золотника 25 в позицию, при которой в сопло 2 подается сжатый воздух, отводящий ударный поршень 3 влево в исходное положение. Одновременно начинает-15 ся подача масла в штоковую полость гидроцилиндра 9 и воды к зарядному устройству 5. В результате синхронного перемещения поршня 12 влево, вода через полость 19, обратный клапан 22 20 и- канал 16 поступает в правую полость водяного цилиндра 10, образуя водяной заряд 6. При этом обратный клапан 31 препятствует втеканию воды в ствол 1. Водяной цилиндр 10 представляет С060Й25 всасывающую воду плунжерный насос, производительность которого определяется скоростью хода гидроцилиндра 9. Поскольку водяной насос, подающий воду в зарядное устройство 5, имеет про иэводительность, большую чем водяной · цилиндр 10, избыток воды сбрасывается через полость 19, дренируя при этом выделяющийся из воды в цилиндре 10 воздух. После того, как поршень 12 совершит часть хода влево, дозирующий клапан 24 штока 23 садится на седло клапана 20 и запирает выход из водяного цилиндра 10. В конце хода поршня 12 зарядное устройство 5 запасает максимальный объем водяного заряда 40 6, одновременно с чем клапанный поясок 14 садится на седло клапана 15, полностью запирая водяной заряд 6 в водяном цилиндре 10.After the completion of the next shot, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 11, the piston 12, the shock piston 3 and the spring-loaded rod 23 are in the extreme right position. In this case, the channel 16 communicates with the drain cavity 19. To prepare the shot, 10 switch the three-position spool 25 to the position at which compressed air is supplied to the nozzle 2, which takes the shock piston 3 to the left to its original position. At the same time, the supply of oil to the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 9 and water to the charger 5 begins. As a result of the synchronous movement of the piston 12 to the left, water through the cavity 19, the check valve 22 20 and channel 16 enters the right cavity of the water cylinder 10, forming a water charge 6. At the same time, the check valve 31 prevents the flow of water into the barrel 1. The water cylinder 10 represents a water suction plunger pump C060J25, the performance of which is determined by the speed of the hydraulic cylinder 9. Since the water pump that supplies water to the charging 5, has a performance greater than the water cylinder 10, the excess water is discharged through the cavity 19, draining the air released from the water in the cylinder 10. After the piston 12 has made a part of the stroke to the left, the metering valve 24 of the rod 23 sits on the seat of the valve 20 and closes the outlet from the water cylinder 10. At the end of the stroke of the piston 12, the charger 5 stores the maximum amount of water charge 40 6, at the same time the valve belt 14 sits on the valve seat 15, completely locking the water charge 6 in the water cylinder 10.

Кинематическая связь гидроцилинд- 45 ра 9 через шток 13 с поршнем водяного цилиндра 5 и силовым приводом 4 гидропушки позволяет в конце хода фиксировать ударный поршень 3 в крайнем заднем (исходном) положении. 5QThe kinematic connection of the hydraulic cylinder 45 ra 9 through the rod 13 with the piston of the water cylinder 5 and the power drive 4 of the hydraulic gun allows the shock piston 3 to be fixed at the end of the stroke in the extreme rear (initial) position. 5Q

Для произведения выстрела золотник^;25 устанавливается в положение, соединяющее сопло 2 с атмосферой. Вслед за тем подается масло в штоковую полость гидроцилиндра 9. При ходе порш ня 12 в водяном цилиндре 10 создается избыточное-давление, под воздействием которого водяной заряд 6 отжима-¹ет обратный клапан 21 и через каналы 17 и 7 впрыскивает в ствол 1.For firing a spool ^; 25 is set to the position connecting the nozzle 2 to the atmosphere. Subsequently, oil is supplied to the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 9. During the course of the piston 12, an excess pressure is created in the water cylinder 10, under the influence of which the water charge 6 wring out ¹ presses the check valve 21 and injects it into the barrel 1 through channels 17 and 7.

Упомянутый процесс продолжается до тех пор, пока поршень 12 не начинает воздействовать на шток 23, который перемещаясь вправо, соединяет цилиндр 10 со сливом. В этот момент давление в цилиндре падает, обратный клапан 21 закрывается, отсекая подачу водяного заряда 6 в ствол, и вода при дальнейшем движении поршня 12 через канал 16 и сливную полость 19 поступает в дренажную систему или водосборник. Таким образом, регулировка величины водяного заряда'”6, подаваемого в ствол при постоянном ходе гидроцилиндра 9 осуществляется за счет изменения длины взаимодействуюgeft с поршнем 12 левой части штокаThe mentioned process continues until the piston 12 begins to act on the rod 23, which, moving to the right, connects the cylinder 10 to the drain. At this point, the pressure in the cylinder drops, the check valve 21 closes, cutting off the supply of water charge 6 to the barrel, and water with a further movement of the piston 12 through the channel 16 and the drain cavity 19 enters the drainage system or water collector. Thus, the adjustment of the amount of water charge '”6 supplied to the barrel with a constant stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is carried out by changing the length of the interacting geft with the piston 12 of the left side of the rod

3.3.

В конце хода гидроцилиндра 9 происходит спуск ударного поршня 3, который, разгоняясь под воздействием силового привода 4 вытесняет в конце пути водяной заряд, истекающий из сопла 2 в виде мощной сверхзвуковой импульсной струи.At the end of the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 9, the shock piston 3 is descent, which, accelerating under the influence of the power drive 4, displaces at the end of the path the water charge flowing out of the nozzle 2 in the form of a powerful supersonic pulse jet.

Предложенное устройство позволяет повысить эффективность разрушения гор-ных пород за счет регулирования объема водяного заряда.The proposed device allows to increase the efficiency of destruction of rocks by regulating the volume of water charge.

Claims

The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended for the destruction of rocks by pulsed jets of water. A pulsed water jet including a barrel, a feeder, a receiver, pores, a plunger and working cylinders, and a gripping device 1 is known. A disadvantage of the device is that the magnitude of the water charge, which is completely short, is constant and does not depend on breed categories. The closest technical solution to the invention is a hydrogun, including an barrel with a nozzle, a shock piston, a power drive and a charging mechanism in the form of a cylinder with a piston and non-return valves 2. A drawback of the device is the inability to control the volume of water charge the strength of rocks, which leads to the expenditure of excess energy and the decrease in the efficiency of hydrofracturing. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of rock destruction by controlling the amount of water charge. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device, which includes a barrel with a nozzle and a shock piston, a power drive of the shock piston and a charging mechanism in the form of a cylinder with a piston and return valves, the charging mechanism is equipped with a metering valve with a rod installed with the possibility of interaction with the piston charge mechanism. The drawing schematically shows the device. The hydraulic gun includes a barrel 1 with a nozzle 2, a shock piston 3, a power drive 4 for its acceleration and a charging device 5 for supplying a water charge to the barrel through the channel 7. Charging device 5 is made in the form of a housing 8 with drive a hydraulic cylinder 9 and a water cylinder 10, the pistons of which 11 and 12 respectively are connected by a common rod 13 having a valve 14, which cooperates with the valve seat 15. The channels 16, 17 and 18, the drain cavity 19, the valve seat 20 and check valves 21 and 22 are installed and spring loaded 2 nd stem of the metering valve 24. At the outlet nozzle 2 is a three-position zoloANIk 25. The apparatus operates as follows. After the completion of the next shot, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 11, the piston 12, the shock piston 3 and the spring-loaded rod 23 are in the extreme right position. At the same time, the channel 16 communicates with the drain cavity 19. To prepare the shot, the three-position spool 25 is switched to the position at which compressed air is supplied to the nozzle 2, which diverts the shock piston 3 to the left in the initial position. At the same time, the oil supply to the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 and water to the charging device 5 begins. As a result of the synchronous movement of the piston 12 to the left, water passes through the cavity 19, the check valve 22 and the channel 16 enters the right cavity of the water cylinder 10. d b. In this case, the check valve 31 prevents water from flowing into the barrel 1 The water cylinder 10 is a plunger pump sucking water, whose performance is determined by the stroke of the Hydraulic cylinder 9. Since the pump that supplies water to the charger 5 has a capacity greater than the water cylinder 10, the excess water is discharged through the cavity 19, while draining the air released from the water in the cylinder 10. After the piston 12 completes part of the stroke to the left, the metering valve 24 of the rod 23 sits on the valve seat 20 and locks the outlet from the water cylinder 10. At the end of the stroke of the piston 12, the charging device 5 stores the maximum amount of water charge 6, simultaneously with than the valve juice 14 sits on the valve seat 15, completely locking the water charge 6 in the water cylinder 10. The kinematic connection of the hydraulic cylinder 9 through the rod 13 with the piston of the water cylinder 5 and the power drive 4 of the hydraulic gun allows fixing at the end of the stroke shock piston 3 in the rearmost (ref down) position. To fire a shot, the spool 25 is set to a position connecting the nozzle 2 to the atmosphere. Thereafter, oil is supplied to the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 9. During the course of the piston 12 in the water cylinder 10, an excess-pressure is created, under the influence of which the water charge 6 pushes the check valve 21 and through the channels 17 and 7 injects into the barrel 1. The mentioned the process continues until the piston 12 begins to act on the rod 23, which, moving to the right, connects the cylinder 10 to the drain. At this moment, the pressure in the cylinder drops, the check valve 21 closes, the water supply section 6 of the barrel into the barrel, and the water during further movement of the piston 12 through the channel 16 and the drain cavity 19 enters the drainage system or sump. Thus, the adjustment of the amount of water charge 6 supplied to the barrel at a constant stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is accomplished by changing the length of the left-hand side of the relay stem that interacts with the piston 12. At the end of the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 9, the shock piston 3 descends, which, accelerated by the action of the actuator 4, displaces at the end of the path a water charge flowing from the nozzle 2 in the form of a powerful supersonic pulse jet. The proposed device allows increasing the efficiency of rock destruction by controlling the amount of water charge. Claims of the invention A hydraulic cannon including a barrel with a nozzle and a shock piston, a power drive of the shock piston and a charging mechanism in the form of a cylinder with a piston and non-return valves, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of rock destruction by The charging mechanism is equipped with a metering valve with a rod installed so that it can interact with the charging piston. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The author's certificate of the USSR 208611, cl. E 21 C 25/60, 1966.

2. Certificate of CCCJ according to the application 2766294/03, cl. E 21 C 25/60, 1979 (prototype).