SU980980A1 - Safety arrangement for cipcular sawing m - Google Patents

Description

 SAFETY DEVICE FOR SHAFT MACHINE

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The invention relates to the woodworking industry and can be used in circular saws.

A device for a circular saw, including a protective cap, mounted on a movable frame with a rack mounted on guide rollers, a mechanism for lifting the cap, a frame position lock, and an electric circular saw 1, is known.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of automatic control of its operation.

It is also known a safety device for a circular saw, including a protective cap, which is mounted on a movable frame installed in the arms, a mechanism for lifting the motorized cap, placed under a spring-loaded springboard for interfacing with a limit switch connected

With an electric motor saw and pedal 2 installed in front of the plank outside the hood.

The disadvantage of this device is its small functionality, for example, the complexity of processing non-standard or oversized blanks.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with an additional limit switch and an electrically operated spring-loaded bar and pedal and a spring-loaded bar equipped with an additional bar mounted on its axis to interact with the additional limit switch and pedal, and the limit switches are included in the PIPA motor circuit, and the bar axis and axis the pedals are mounted perpendicular to the feed direction. 98 In addition, the electric drive under the spring-loaded strap can be either in the form of an electromagnet, the measles of which is kinematically connected to the pedal and the main strap, or in the form of two electromagnets, the measles of which are fixed on the main strap and pedals. FIG. 1 shows the device, a general view from the side; in fig. 2 - the same, front view; in fig. 3 - the view and section of the half-coupling are combined with an asterisk; in FIG, the arrangement of the pedals on the working vertical surface of the machine dimension bar in the second embodiment of their suspension (i.e., to the bar, and not to the removable panel of the machine); in fig. 5 shows section A-A in FIG. ; in fig. 6 is a view B in FIG. Fig. 7 is an electrical circuit diagram of the basic embodiment of the device. The safety device is located above the blade 1 (fig. 1) of the saw and contains a protective cap 2 mounted on the movable frame 3, which is mounted in the guide rollers 4. The latter are mounted in a fixed box-case 5, closing the doors. A limit bar 6 is attached to the upper ends of the frame 3, under which shock absorbers 7, for example springs, are installed on the body of box 5. In the other extreme position of the bar (upward along the frame above bar 6 on the box) there is a limit switch 8. On the axis fixedly fixed inside the box 9 a double-arm lever 10 is hung, the lower end of which is made in the form of a pawl facing the surface of frame 3 and which is spring-loaded in the direction of interaction of this end with resistant teeth 11 arranged in the form of a rod on the surface p pits 3 and tilted downwards in E. The upper end of the two shoulders of the chuck 10 is provided with a spring-loaded tooth 12, which interacts with the stop 13 fixedly mounted in the box. The spring of the lever 10 in the indicated direction can be performed, for example, by means of an extension spring 14 between the upper end of the lever and the stand 15, Stroke the lever 10 under the action of the spring is limited to the desired end position by means of the limiter 1b. On this same 04 side from the lever (but lower) on the box 5 an electromagnet 17 is installed, the measles of which is connected to the lower end of the lever 10. For a pair of pins 18, the upperwhich is attached to the box 5, and the bottom to the cap 2, is hung with its vertical slit with the possibility of sliding up and down movable flap 19. Against its middle part, the electromagnet 20 is fixed on the cap 2, the measles of which is made in the form of a latch 21, interacting with a stopper 22, which is located in the middle of the shield against this retainer. In the same place, a pedal 2k is hinged to the shield 19 on the axis 23, between which and the shield below the axis 23 are installed a spacer spring 25 and a forging switch 2b. If necessary, as an additional part, the cap axes (pins) 27 can be fixed on the cap 2 and the lower end of the shield 19, and on the pos. safety cheeks 28 are hung (round hole K to the shield and elongated in the form of a slot to the cap pin). A broken uniform tooth 10 of a continuous uniform rail 29 occupying the lower half of the side of the frame 3 is made separately on the same surface of the frame 3 above the rail 29 standing tooth 30. To the flap 19 by means of the chain 31, thrown over the sprockets or rollers 32 (freely rotated on their axes), a force is applied in the direction of lifting the flap created by the counterweight 33. To the top of the cap 2 is attached onets bush roller chain W, which is higher slung ch0rez mounted in the duct 5, an intermediate sprocket 35, and then outputted SBOIM second end through an opening in the box to the lifting mechanism of the cover. Two axes 37 are attached to the removable textolite panel 36 (Fig. 1 and 2) of the machine, on which pedal 38 is hung successively along the saw, and additional 39 and the main AO of the bar are attached to the rear of the axes 37. At the front end of the bar 39, a pin or protrusion is provided adjacent to the lower surface of the front pedal 36, whereby pressure on the first pedal is also transmitted to the additional bar 39. At the same time, the bars 39 and 0 operate mechanically independently of each other. Under each of them, supporting their lower surfaces with the rods, as well as under the pedal 38, one limit switch 1 is attached to the panel 36, in addition to that between the bars 39 and 40 there is an actuator for the bar and the pedal in the form of an electromagnet 42. The free ends of the pedal 38 and the strap 40 are suspended by their adjustable ends 3 of the rocker arms kk, which second (adjacent to each other) their ends are connected to the hard bar of the electromagnet 42. The middle parts of the rocker arms rest (when the electromagnet is triggered ) on the supports 45, which are conveniently performed on the middle and rear housings of the end switches 41. The described pedal mechanism is preferably provided behind a shield (not shown). The front part of the box 5 is separated from the rest of its volume internally by the panel 46 (Fig. 1), and its outer front wall (not shown) covers or replaces the front panel k7. On these panels are located the push-button device k8 Start-Stop of the electric drive of the saw, push-button 49 Start Stop of electromagnet AZ (Fig. 1), included in the pedal mechanism, switch 50 to two positions to switch the device operation from automatic mode to a luautomatic and vice versa, a relay 5 for switching on an electromagnet 42, a signal lamp 52, a connecting board 53 and a relay 5 in the case of using a three-phase electric motor in the mechanism for lifting the hood. The mechanism for lifting the cap is installed on the platform 55 (Fig. 2), made in box 5b, which is also a bracket for hanging the entire safety device to the rack 57 (bearing this box), mounted on the machine frame or the floor. the lifting mechanism includes a low-speed single-phase or three-phase electric motor 58, as well as a worm rotated from it to 59, which in turn interacts with the worm gear 60, and a disengagement coupling 61 installed at the output of the last, whose coupling half is made Building 62 (Fig. 3). The last section of chain 3 is hung, passed from the cap 2 through the wall of the duct 5. By the end of this section of the chain, i.e. after the asterisk B2, the counterweight 63 is attached (Fig. 2). In addition, an electromagnet 65 and a lever 66 for moving the movable coupling half of the clutch 61 are attached to the platform b of the described worm gearbox. In the case-bracket 56, there is also installed a common power supply device 67 (Fig. 2) and two remote-pulse switches 68 and b9 with extended time delay. The box 56 is provided with a side door 70, and for better access to the lifting mechanism, the upper wall of the jig is designed as a removable keypad 7, A rack 72 attached to the machine table is wedged with a wedge-brake device 73. The circuit diagram includes remote-impulse switches 69 and 68. A limit switch 41 (right in the diagram) located under the pedal 38 (FIG. 1) is turned on in the winding circuit of the switch 69. In the circuit of the winding of the remote-pulse switch 68, the other two end switches 41 (middle and left in the diagram) are connected in parallel, one of which is located under the bar 39 (Fig. 1) and the other is under the bar 40. The output contacts of the first of the remote-pulse switches B9 are located in the winding circuit of the control electromagnet 20 of the movable plate 19, and in the second remote-pulse switch 68b in the winding circuit of the electromagnet 17, control two shoulder arms 10, as well as in series with the operating mode switch 50 contactor drive lugs 74 incorporating (motor) 75 circular saws. The second possible embodiment of the design is characterized by the following features. These pedals and strips are mounted in the same order, but on the dimensional bar of the machine of FIG. 4.5 and b), for which, along the working vertical plane of this bar 7b (Fig. 3), three interconnected through slots for the pedal and the bars (Fig. K), which are on axes 77 and 78, are cut apart relative to each other, attached to the rail, pedal 79 is installed in a consistent manner along the plate, an additional rail 80 and the main rail 81, end switches 82, 83 and 8 are installed below them. At the ends of the pedal 79 and the main rail 81 are fixed measles (moving parts of magnetic circuits), and against them on the bottom shelf of the plank 76 are mounted electr magnets 85 and 86. In this case, the front end of strap 80 is formed a protrusion or pin 87, the lower surface of sustaining pedal 79. Said limit switches and electromagnets reserved us common housing 88. The safety device operates as follows. The lamb of the operation mode switch 50 is set to Automatic (Fig. 7). Then, by feeding the material to be cut, pedal 38 is pressed, which in turn presses against the end pin or protrusion of the additional bar 39. By simultaneously pressing them, the corresponding limit switches 41 (or similar switches 82, 83 and 8 according to the second design variant) energize the windings of both remote-pulse switches 68 and b9. In this case, a pair of contacts of the switch 68 through the right (in the diagram) closed contacts of the switch 50 and the coil of the contactor 7 switches on the electric motor 75 of the circular saw. Simultaneously with the pressure on the pedal 38 and the bar 39 of the table, the same vertical pedal 2 of the plate 19 is pressed with the end of the material. Lastly, pressing the spacer spring 25 acts on the limit switch 26, which as a result turns on the lifting motor 58 and the electromagnet B5. This electric motor starts to rotate through the worm GK 59 the worm gear 60, while the electromagnet B5 carries at the beginning of this rotation the supply (with the lever 66) of the movable coupling half at the coupling 61 to the working position, i.e. before coupling with the output sprocket. 62 lifting mechanism. Lastly, rewinding chain 3, raises the protective cap 2 together with the flap 19, in the process of which the frame 3 of the hood moves along the idler rollers C, and the rail 29 formed on it slips with its inclined teeth 11 along the lower end (dog) of the two-armed rachag 10. When this pedal flap 19 slides on the end of the sawn material up. When it comes to the upper edge of the material, the pedal 2 slides off from it under the action of the spring 25 to its original position, as a result of which the released limit switch 26 shuts off the electric motor 58 and the clutch locking electromagnet 65. The lifting of the cap 2 with the flap 19 is stopped, and these protective elements are fixed by means of the teeth of the rail 29 and the pawl on the lever 10 at a position 0, 8 cm above the height of the material being cut. Thus, a sufficiently limited clearance (not exceeding 0-5-0.8 cm) is always formed between the bases of the bell with the flap and the material being cut, thus preventing even fingers from reaching the saw disk, i.e. Both are completely safe. At the same time, the presence of this small gap also excludes (for the convenience of work on the machine and the reliability of the process) friction of the upper part of the material against the device. Then, the freely propelled material falls on the rotating blade of the saw and is sawn along the path of its advancement. When the rear end of the material comes off the front pedal 38, the latter, due to the force of the spring of the limit switch k, returns upwards. As a result, opening the contacts of this switch de-energizes the winding of the remote-pulse switch 69, and the pulse pair of contacts of the latter for a short period of time (preferably about 1 s) turns on the electromagnet 20 on the cap 2. Due to this, the latch 21 of this electromagnet goes out of engagement with the stopper 22, and the released flap 19, slipping its vertical slits along the pin m 18, lowers, closing the front part of the saw 1 with itself. At the same time, the fall of the flap 19 occurs rather slowly due to Ivanovo 33, as well as, if necessary, can be additionally damped with an appropriate shock absorber (spring),

installed, for example, between the cheeks of the shield on the box 5. When the material is completely removed from the additional 39 or main 0 bars or both, the springs of their switches 41 return upwards and their remote control switch 68 is turned off by their contacts. As a result, one pair contact, holding the saw motor 75 previously switched on, opens (i.e., stops the saw drive), and another pulse pair of contacts for the said time interval (about 1 s) turns on the electromagnet 17, which, on the lower shoulder of the two shoulders lever 10, removes its tooth-dog (at the end of this shoulder) from engagement with the teeth of the lath 29. At the end of this stroke, the spring-loaded tooth 12 of the upper shoulder of the lever 10 clicks over the stop 13, thereby fixing the double-arm in this the retracted position, thanks to which the rake 29 with the protective cap 2 released from adhesion to its lower dog, is lowered, and the latter completely closes the saw blade (still continuing to rotate by inertia). The said lowering of the collar 2 to the required extent is slowed down and damped by the counterweight 63 and the springs 7, respectively. In the final portion of the lowering of the cap, the tooth 30 of the frame 3, by impacting the bevel of the upper tooth 12, frees it from the stop 13, and the upper the lever arm 10 by force of the spring k returns to the initial state up to the limiter 16, while the lower tooth-dog of the lever 10 again engages with the teeth of the rail 29. Simultaneously with this, at the lowest lower point of the cap 2, the latch 21 of the electromagnet 20 is skewed It slips over the bevel of the stopper 22 on the panel 19 and behind (clicks with it. Thus, the device comes completely back to its original state, i.e., both electric motors, all electromagnets and switches off, latches, pedals, cap and shield take up their initial Position. The whole device is ready for a new sawing cycle.

In addition to the fully automatic mode, the device can also have a semi-automatic mode, to switch to which the lamb of the switch 50 is set to the position of the Semiautomatic device. In this mode, the start and stop of the motor of the circular saw is usually carried out by pressing the main pair of Start-stop buttons 48. Otherwise, the cycle of operation of the safety device will be kept as described, i.e. lifting the safety cap and shield using all the pedals and switches is the same as in automatic mode.

However, in necessary cases, for example, for serial processing of the same products fed to the saw blade continuously, other Start-Stop buttons 9 are used. When you press the Start button of this pair, the electromagnet “2, which interacts with tg 3 and the rocker arm tt with the pedal 38 and the bar 40, draws them flush with the surface of the machine plate (table), and the cap 2 with the shield 19, rising as a result of the initial pressure pedal 2 will remain in this position until the end of such processing of continuously moving articles. To then return the entire device to its original state, i.e. so that the flap and the cops are lowered, and the pedal and the strips are understood, it is enough to press the Stop button in any of the pairs of buttons 48 and "9

If necessary, sawing up oversized products or materials, i.e. when their height exceeds the normal operation of the device, proceed as follows. Having loosened the stopper 22 on the rack 57 (Fig. 2), the entire safety device is turned around the axis of the stand by more than 90 ° (for typical versions of the structure, it is enough within 90-120 °) in the direction of the front side of the machine, and the pedal 38 and the bar 39 and 40, if desired, is also flush flush with the surface level of the machine plate by pressing the Start button 49.

When changing saws, preventive inspection and repair, as well as at the end of work, the device is de-energized by a common automatic device 67, the performance of which is monitored using a control and warning lamp 52.

Claims (2)

The technical and economic advantages of the claimed invention are as follows. As regards the overall layout of the proposed device as compared with the one known to him due to the expanded composition of the means and controls (for example, buttons, switches 50, etc.), as well as concentrating them in the front part of the box and in the holder bracket greater ease of use is achieved. In this case, switching from an automatic cycle to a semi-automatic (and vice versa) significantly expands the functionality of material processing when using such a safety device. Replacing switches with just a pulsed pair of contacts with remote-pulse switches with an additionally increased (up to 1 s) duration of the pulse and of the closure ensures full guarantee of the operation of the panel fixtures and the protective cap. A more sophisticated set of pedals implemented and installed on the removable panel or on the size bar of the machine with the possibility of being pulled in to the level of the surface of the machine table or the working surface of the size bar to facilitate a wider set of functions triads, i.e. processing capabilities on a machine equipped with it; various products with different parameters in different modes. At the same time, the possibility of even quickly turning the entire safety device before its removal from the working area of the machine allows in necessary cases to use the same machine for processing oversized products (i.e. the presence of a safety device such as proposed this possibility does not interfere). In addition, shock and vibration effects on the machine during operation of the device are reduced due to counterweights and shock absorbers. and the implementation, instead of a cable lift, of a cap with a chain hoist guard, improves the reliability of working out the data of the main movements that are the task of the device. Claim 1. Safety device for circular saw, including protective cap, which is mounted on a movable frame installed in guides, mechanism for lifting the motorized cap, placed under a cap with a spring-loaded bar for interfacing with a limit switch connected to the saw motor, and installed in front a strap outside the cap pedal, characterized in that, in order to extend the functionality, the device is equipped with an additional limit switch and With a spring-loaded bar and pedal actuator, the spring-loaded bar is provided with an additional bar mounted on its axis to interact with an additional limit switch and pedal, and the limit switches are connected in parallel to the saw motor circuit, and the axis of the bars and pedal axis are perpendicular to the feed direction. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the electric drive of the spring-loaded strip and pedal is designed as an electromagnet, the measles of which is kinematically connected to the pedal and the main strip. 3. The device according to claim 1, that is, with the fact that the electric drive of the spring-loaded bar and the pedal is made in the form of two electromagnets, the measles of which are fixed to the main bar and the pedal. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 15309, cl. In 27 G 19/02, 1927. 2. USSR author's certificate №, cl. B 27 G 19/02, 197b (prototype). TO Figm 5 uz.s View b FIG. 6