SU970382A1 - Homogenious spectrum corellometer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to specialized measuring and computing equipment intended for studying the probabilistic characteristics of signals used in recognition devices, for example, in radio physics, oceanology and other fields. A homogeneous spectrocorrelometer is known, containing consistently connected identical processing units of the first type and two processing units of the second type connected at the processor input and at the output of the last processing unit of the first type, and the outputs of the second processing unit of the second type are connected to the inputs of the random access memory , the control input of which is connected to the polling unit, each processing unit contains an arithmetic unit and three registers 1. The lack of a processor is low speed in calculating the correlation functions and a large number of memory blocks of arithmetic devices. The closest to the present invention is a homogeneous spectro-correlometer of the discrete principle of operation, so that in the blocks it is possible to change the analysis modes for calculating either the spectrum or the correlation function. A homogeneous spectro-correlometer contains an input unit, the first output of which is connected to a basic function generator and serially connected amplitude-pulse} 1st converter N / 4 multiplying distribution cells of the first type and 3N / 4 multiplying distribution cells of the second type, the second inputs of which through the driver the sign is connected to the second output of the input unit, and the second outputs are connected to the corresponding N inputs of the accumulator, the third inputs are connected to the common distribution bus, between the second input and the second the output of multiplying distribution cells of the first type includes serially connected first and second keys. Between the output of the first key and the common distribution bus, a third key is included, the output of which is connected via the fourth key to the second output of the multiplying distribution cell of the first type, the first input of which is connected to the first input of the fifth and the control output to the first input the interrogation unit, to the second and third inputs of which are connected, respectively, the output of the sample counter and the circulation counter, the fourth input is connected to the control input of the amplitude-pulse, the converter and the corresponding The stroke of the clocking device, the second output of which is connected to the control input of the sign maker, the third output with the control inputs of the input unit and the sample counter, and the fourth output - with the first input of the polling unit and the input of the circulation counter. The polling unit contains a serially connected address driver, two address registers, two decoders and a switch, the common output of which is connected to the control input of the register of each multiplying distribution cell, and the other .N / 4 outputs of the switch are connected to the control input of the register in N / 4 multiplication distribution cells of the first type, and in each of the 3/4 N multiplying distribution cells of the second type, registers are included directly between the first input and output cells, the first key is included between the second input and output, the second key between the TOTAL output and the common distribution bus, and the control input of the first key is connected to the input (the main input of register 2 .. A significant disadvantage of the prototype is the need for a basic function generator with a highly stable amplitude of harmonics: the need for preliminary recording of harmonic orders in the registers of cells of the first type before calculating the spectrum, i.e., the complexity of the instrumental solution. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the apparatus by increasing the coherence of its homogeneity (due to the decrease in the number of auxiliary units). | This goal is achieved by the fact that in a homogeneous spectro-correlometer containing an OR element, a matching unit, the inputs of which are the first and second inputs of the correlator, respectively, the outputs of the matching unit are connected to informational inputs of the sign maker and the amplitude-pulse converter, control The inputs of which and the matching unit are assigned respectively to the first, second and third outputs of the synchronization unit, the first and second counters, the outputs of which are connected respectively. venno with first and second inputs of the address generating unit, whose output is connected kg. the input of the address register, the output of which through the decoder is connected to the control input of the first switch of the utator, the synchronized input of which is connected to the second input of the synchronization unit, the third and fourth outputs of which are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second counters, multiply-distribution cells of the first and second groups , the first inputs of the registers of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the first switch, the first inputs of the first keys of the cells of the first group are combined and connected to the output of the sign conditioner, the output of the first key is connected to the input of the second and third key, the output of the second key and the fourth key are combined and connected to the corresponding input of the accumulator, the output of the third and the input of the fourth key are combined and connected to the common distribution bus, the first input of the fifth key of the first multiply-distribution cell of the first the group is connected to the output of the pulse-amplitude converter, the first inputs of the fifth keys of each next cell of the first group are connected to the register output of the previous cell of the first group, the number which is N / 4, where N is the number of bits of the accumulator, the register input and the control input of the first key of the multiplication distribution cell of the second group are combined and connected to the register output of the previous cell, and the register input of the first cell of the second group is combined with the control input of the first key and connected to the output of the register of the last cell .. „„. the first group, the inputs of the first keys are combined and connected to the output of the sign maker, the outputs of the first and second keys of the cells of the second group are combined and connected to the drive inputs N / 4-1 to N, the inputs of the second keys of the cells of the second group are combined and connected to the common distribution bus , the synchronization outputs of the multiplier registers are connected to the last output of the first switch, the second switch, the delay element, the trigger, the differentiating link, and the multiply distribution cells of the first g are entered Uspy is the And element and the sixth key, the output of which is connected to the first input of the And element and to the control input of the first key, the second input of the And element is connected in the i-th multiplication-distribution cell of the first group with the register output, the outputs of all And elements are connected to the corresponding the inputs of the OR element, the output of which is combined with the output of the Synchronization unit and connected to the input of the second counter and the delay element, the output of which is connected to the input of the trigger, the output of which is connected to the input of the differentiating link, the output of which It is connected to the input of the delay element and is connected to the synchronization input of the second co-switch, the control input of which is connected to the output of the decoder, the outputs of the second switch are connected to the second inputs of the fifth keys corresponding to the first multiply distribution cells of the first switch, according to c. to the manager of the register house and with the first entry of the first key. At the same time, the number of elementary shift cells of the register to the output of the i-th elementary cell of the shift of this register is proportional to the i-th from N / 4 samples of the base function on the quarter period interval, its decomposition. FIG. 1 shows the structural 1 scheme of the proposed homogeneous spectro-correlometer; in fig. time diagrams are given illustrating the signal transformations in the calculation of the spectrum and the formation of i – x counts of harmonic functions by using the required i – ro output in the registers of the multiplier-distribution cells of the first group. The spectrocorrelometer contains an I-matching unit, an amplitude-pulse converter 2, a shaper of 3 characters, a synchronization unit 4, multiply distribution cells 5 of the first group, an OR element, multiply distribution cells 7 of the second group, a memory 8, counters 9 and 10, polling block 11, key 12, register 13, keys 14-18, element I l9, register 20 and keys 21 and 22. Question block II contains delay element 23, trigger 24, differentiating link 25, address forming unit 26, register 27 addresses, a decoder 28 and two switches 29 and 30. To the first output of the block 1 matching are connected in series the amplitude-pulse converter 2, N / 4 multiplying distribution cells 5 of the first group and 3N / 4 multiplying distribution cells 7 of the second group, the second inputs of which are connected to the second output of the matching unit 1, and the second outputs are connected to the corresponding N inputs of the accumulator 8, the third inputs are connected to the common distribution bus, between the second input and the second output of the multiplying distribution cells 5 of the first group are connected The connected keys 15 and 16. The key 17 is connected between the output of the key 15 and the common distribution bus. through the element OR 6 is connected to the input of the circulation counter 9 and the first input of the polling unit 11. The second and third inputs of the interrogation unit 11 are connected respectively to the outputs of the counter of 10 samples and the circulation counter 9, the fourth input is connected to the control input of the pulse-amplitude converter 2 and the corresponding output of the synchronization unit 4, the second output of which is connected to the control input house the driver 3 characters, the third output with the control inputs of block 1 and the counter of 10 samples, and the fourth output with the first input of the polling unit 11. Interrogation unit 11 contains serially connected address generation unit 26, address register 27, decoder 28 and switch 29, the common output of which is connected to the control input of registers 13 and 20 of each multiplying distribution cell of groups 5 and 7, and the other N / 4 outputs the switch 29 is connected to the control input of the register 14 in the N / 4 multiplication distribution cells 5 of the first type. In each of the 3/4 N multiplying distribution cells 7 of the second group, the registers 20 are connected directly between the first input and output cells, the key 21 is connected between the second input and the output, the key 22 between the second output and the common distribution bus, and the control input of the key 21 is connected to the information input of the register 20. The multiplying distribution cells 5 of the first group also contain an element 19 and a key 14, the first and second inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and control inputs of the cell 5, the output of the key 14 is connected to the control key input 15 and the first input element And 19, and the second input of the key 12 is connected to the fourth input of the cell 5, the output of the key 12 is connected to the input of the register 13. The polling unit 11 contains the delayed 23 connected in series, the trigger 24, the differential 25 and the second switch 30, the outputs of which are connected to the fourth inlet of the corresponding multiplying distribution cells 5 of the first type. The control input of the second switch 30 is connected to the control input of the first switch 29 of the polling unit 11, the first input of which is connected to the input of the delay element 23 and the output of the differentiating element 25. The output of the AND element 19 is connected to the control output of the multiplying distribution cell 5 of the first group. a second input element AND 19 in the i-th cell 5 of the first group is connected to the output of the corresponding i-th elementary register shift register 13. At the same time, the number of elementary shift cells from the input of register 13 to the output of the shift cell of this register 13 is proportional to the 1st of N / 4 counts of the basis function on the interval of four. during its decomposition. Homogeneous. Spectro correlometer works as follows. Before starting the calculation of the correlation function R (v), the command pulses from the synchronization unit 4 are received, setting the shaper of 3 characters to the state 4-1 (the sign-to signal transmission coefficient), the keys 12 and 14 are installed in the multiplication-distribution network 5 at . the first position, connecting the output of the pulse-amplitude transform-tel 2 to the input of the register 13 ECUs 5, and switching on in succession the registers 13 of the remaining cells 51 and the registers of the 20 cells 7. Keys 17, 18 and 22 are closed, and the control inputs of all registers 13 and 20 connected to the common output of the switch 29 of the polling unit 11.- The up: equalizing inputs of the keys 15 and 21 are connected to the information inputs of the corresponding registers 13 and 20. The keys 16 are open. The sequence of signal transformations is carried out by a spectro-correlometer in accordance with the Stieltjes algorithm (similar to 2J: the monitored signals x (t) and Y (t)) are fed to the inputs of the input block 1, from the first output of which the signal / (п л-) comes in discrete form the information input of the amplitude-pulse converter 2, ac of the second input through the shaper 3 characters in a continuous form is fed to the second input of all multiplier cells 5 and 7 simultaneously. In the amplitude-pulse converter 2 the amplitudes are counted in jia nia (), they are converted into bursts of 1: short pulses, with a number of hectares of pulses, proportional to the amplitude of the corresponding signal sample. Bursts of pulses 1 ,, are sent to the first input of the key 12 of the multiply distributed cell 5.0 and 12 and 13 registers served in the following fits 5.1, 5.2, ..., 5. (N / 4-1) and further to the serially connected registers of 20 cells 7.1 7.2, ..., 7 (3N / 4). As the pulse packets in the registers advance 13 and 20, they simultaneously arrive at the control inputs of the keys 15 and 21: -each short pulse from the pulse train to Short time opens with keys of keys 15 and 21, of which a sample of continuous ignition xft). Such delta modulation is carried out simultaneously in all the multiplying-distribution cells of the qneKTpo-correlometer, after which these selections enter the accumulating; cells of accumulator 8, forming in them the corresponding ordinates R (q dT) of the correlation function in real time. , In. The second mode of operation calculates the spectrum estimate. Preliminarily, keys 12 and 14 are set to the second position, having connected the information inputs of registers 13p to the corresponding nth outputs of switch 30, and the control inputs of these registers are connected to outputs of switch 29. Keys 16 are permanently closed. The analyzed signal x (t) is fed to the matching unit 1, in which the sampling and storing of the x (l4t) count is made, which is read through the shaper 3 characters to the second input of the multiplying-distribution cells 5.p. At the same time, the first clock pulse from the output of the clock device 4 sets in the counter of 10 samples the code q 1, and from the other output - the initial setting. A single pulse 1 (for example, a single discharge of the integrating RC chain) is delivered to the circulation counter 9 and the first input of the polling unit 11. In the circulation counter 9, a code pO is set, and in polling block 11, this pulse 1 passes through a delay element 23, triggers trigger 24, the level difference of which is differentiated by differentiating link 25, which forms a new pulse 1 for transmission to input cell 5.0. As at the same time, the q codes are fed to the inputs of the address maker 26; 1 and p O, a product code q X By 0 is generated at its output, which is sent to address register 27 and opens the same keys O in switches 29 and 30 via decryptor 28 and thereby clock control pulses arrive at the control input register 13 in cell 5.0, and unit pulse 1 through the fourth input of cell 5.0 and key 12 to the information input of the same register 13. Each clock pulse advances unit pulse 1 to the next elementary register shift register 13. As a result, after the M-th clock pulse momentum 1 enters the 11th Nth tap of the register 13, which is connected to the input of the element And 19. At the same time, the clock pulses through the key 14 arrive at the second

the input element And 19 and the control input of the key 15, from the output of which the delta-modulated short amplitude pulses equal to x (lAt), are then transmitted through the keys 17 and 18 to the first input of the accumulator 8. Upon receipt of the -gr clock pulse it simultaneously acts Both inputs of the element AND 19 f are fed to its output and through the element OR 6 to the input of the counter 9 of the circulation and the input of the circuit the delay element 23 is a trigger, 24 is the differentiating link 25. As a result, the output of the address generator 26 forms the code of the new product a, q x n 1, thanks to The keys 1 are hidden in the switches 20 and 30, and the keys O are closed. This ensures that the first circulation (n 0) of micro pulses is equivalent to multiplying the sample of the signal x (l4t) with the reference number O of the harmonic function.

During the second circulation (item 1), the control input of the register 13 of the multiplying distribution cell 5.1 is connected to the output 1 of the switch 29, and the output of the switch 1 is connected via the information key 12 (the new input of this register, to which a single impulse from the output of the differentiating link 25. The promotion of this pulse in the register 13 of the cell 5.1 is carried out using clock pulses, as in the previous case, but the delta-modulated pulses from the output of the key 15 of the cell 5.1 flow to the second input of the accumulator 8. The accumulation stops feed (M-1) -th clock pulse: it will go to both inputs of the element AND 19 of this cell, as a result of which it will pass to the output of the element AND 19 and through the input 1 of the element OR b to the blocks of forming the address and polling. readings x (1d1) by counting number 1 of the cos. I .. function. After N is circulating in the cells of accumulator 8, the product of counting x (l4t) is formed by counting the harmonic function cos on the decomposition period 2 J (Fig. 26). The results of the delta modulation in each of the N / 4 multiplying distribution cells 5 with the corresponding sign set by Shaper 3 are distributed to the N inputs of the accumulator 8 via the common distribution bus to which the inputs of all keys 18 and 22 are connected, alternately by the oTKpHBaeNBJX block 11 polls I (links are not shown as obvious.

Upon receipt in block 1 of the second reference signal

x (2 lt) it is remembered and through the 3 "shaper connected to

the second input of the multiplying-distribution cells 5. (N / 4-l) .B a code of q 2 is set to the counter of 10 samples, as a result of which the address will be formed in the address body 26

5 consecutive addresses

 cv / l 2; jri, i.e. The addresses of the switches' keys are 29 and 30 with numbers, change them in steps of 2n :. Due to this, delta-modulated samples

10 are formed at the outputs of the keys 15 cells 5.0-5.2-5.4 - and so on. and are distributed to the same inputs 1, 2, 3, ..., N of the accumulator 8, as a result, those of the previous 8 in the accumulator 8

15 counts are summed up with a new series of Counts proportional to the product of x (24t) at double frequency c6s (Fig. 2c).

Similar transformations are implemented for samples q 3, 4, ..., N. The processing procedure is carried out in the corresponding cells 5.1, where the number i changes with step yes q X n, with the result that after the end of the processing of the whole signal in accumulator 8 accumulates the sum of delta-modulated samples, described by the expression:

0 fej (-1) .X (“Vit)

where K is the scale factor

frequency scales;

jflt is the sampling step of the input 5 signal;

dT is the discretization step of the harmonic function and the result of calculations (Fig. 21,); K is the number of the transition of the harmonic function through the zero level, which determines the polarity of the signal from the output of the sign maker. The representation of the cos-function samples in the form of a sequence of time intervals specified by registers with taps connected to the elements I, allows us to exclude the harmonic function generator (non-uniform unit) from the homogeneous structure equipment, replacing it with the registers distributed in the cells . This greatly simplified the analyzer, eliminating the need to pre-record the ordinates of the harmonic function in the corresponding registers of cells of the first type before calculating the spectrum. Such a procedure for calculating and organizing the structure of the equipment not only reduced the time spent on installing the initial conditional calculations, but also led to a reduction in the laboriousness of making blocks, enforcing the polling unit, 5 eliminating a number of counters and decoders, which together are criteria for simplicity equipment and leads to a significant technical and economic effect.

Claims (2)

1. USSR author's certificate No. 742948, cl. G About F 15/336, 1978. 2. USSR author's certificate, according to application code 2916741 / 18-24, cl. G 06 F 15/332, 1980. i g