SU968581A1

SU968581A1 - Forest measuring gauge

Info

Publication number: SU968581A1
Application number: SU813280241A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Борис Поликарпович Полехин; Николай Антонович Серока; Лев Александрович Лесников
Original assignee: Центральный научно-исследовательский институт лесосплава
Priority date: 1981-04-09
Filing date: 1981-04-09
Publication date: 1982-10-23

Description

Изобретение относится к техническим измерениям и применяется для измерения диаметров бревен при подготовке их к лесосплаву.The invention relates to technical measurements and is used to measure the diameters of the logs in preparing them for timber rafting.

Известна скоба лесйая мерная, содержащая измерительную штангу со шкалой и упор, установленный на штанге у нулевой отметки шкалы [1 ].Known forest measuring bracket containing a measuring rod with a scale and an emphasis mounted on the rod at the zero point of the scale [1].

Недостатком известной скобы является малая производительность при замере диаметров ядра или спелой древесины при подготовке брёвен к сплаву.A disadvantage of the known staples is low productivity when measuring the diameters of the core or ripe wood in the preparation of logs for the alloy.

Целью изобретения является повышение производительности измерения геометрических параметров бревен при выявлении хвойных тонкомерных сортиментов с недостаточной плавучестью.The aim of the invention is to increase the measurement performance of the geometric parameters of the logs in the identification of thin-sized coniferous assortments with insufficient buoyancy.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что скоба лесная мерная снабжена установленной на штанге и выполненной из прозрачного материала равносторонней треугольной пластиной с на2 правляющими упорами вдоль двух ее ; сторон, на которой нанесены метрическая шкала, расположенная вдоль биссектрисы, исходящей из вершины угла, ограниченного упорами, и криволиней⁵ ные риски с обеих сторон биссектрисы, ограничивающие допустимые размеры ядровой и спелой древесины для различных толщин тонкомерных сортимен— ₁₀ тов и для заданной продолжительности лесосплава.This goal is achieved in that the forest measuring bracket is equipped with an equilateral triangular plate mounted on a rod and made of transparent material with 2 guiding stops along its two; parties, where the metric scale is applied is located along the bisector starting from an apex angle, limited by stops, and a curvilinear ⁵ nye risks of both sides of the bisector restricting allowable size sound and mature wood from small diameter for various thicknesses and comrade sortimen- ₁₀ for a predetermined duration floating timber .

На фиг.1 приведена конструктивная схема скобы лесной мерной; на фиг.2 сечение А-А на фиг.1; на фиг.З ^_ ¹⁵ схема, поясняющая принцип измерения геометрических параметров бревен; на фиг.4 - измерение при помощи скобы геометрических параметров бревен и оценка плавучести.Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of a staple forest measuring; figure 2 section aa in figure 1; on figs. ^_ ^{15 a} diagram explaining the principle of measuring the geometric parameters of the logs; figure 4 - measurement using a bracket geometric parameters of the logs and the assessment of buoyancy.

²⁰ Скоба лесная мерная содержит измерительную штангу 1 со шкалой 2 и упором 3· На штанге 1 жестко закреплена равносторонняя треугольная плас3 968581 тина 4, выполненная из прозрачного материала. Вдоль двух сторон пластины 4 установлены направляющие упоры 5. На пластине 4 нанесены шкала 6, расположенная вдоль биссектрисы,, исходящей из вершины угла, ограниченного направляющими упорами 5, и криволинейные риски 7 с обеих сто^юн биссектрисы, ограничивающие допустимые размеры ядровой и спелой древесины для различных толщин тонкомерных ' сортиментов и для заданной продолжительности лесосплава. ^{20 The} forest measuring bracket contains a measuring rod 1 with a scale 2 and a stop 3 · An equilateral triangular square 3 968581 tina 4 made of transparent material is rigidly fixed to the rod 1. Guide stops 5 are installed along the two sides of plate 4. A scale 6 is placed on plate 4 along the bisector, starting from the top of the angle bounded by guide stops 5, and curved risks 7 on both one hundred and two bisectors that limit the allowable sizes of sound and ripe wood for various thicknesses of thin-gauge 'assortments and for a given duration of rafting.

Принцип работы со скобой лесной мерной (фиг.З) заключается в следующем.The principle of work with the forest measuring bracket (Fig.Z) is as follows.

Если установить треугольную пластину на вершинный торец бревна так, чтобы ее две стороны являлись касательными к окружности бревна, то отрезок ОВ, являющийся гипотенузой прямоугольного треугольника ЕОВ с углом при вершине В, равным 30°,. будет равен диаметру измеряемого бревна.Точка 0 будет находиться в центре окружности, описывающий торец бревна по кривым D, симметрично нанесенным относительно ОВ, которые ограничивают диаметры ядровой (для сосны) и спелой (для ели) древесины. Легко определить пригодность измеряемых бревен к сплаву, поскольку эти кривые нанесены по заранее расчитанным данным. .If you install a triangular plate on the vertex end of the log so that its two sides are tangent to the circumference of the log, then the segment OB is the hypotenuse of the right triangle EOB with an angle at the vertex B equal to 30 °. will be equal to the diameter of the measured log. Point 0 will be in the center of the circle, describing the end face of the log according to curves D symmetrically plotted relative to the OM, which limit the diameters of sound (for pine) and ripe (for spruce) wood. It is easy to determine the suitability of the measured logs for the alloy, since these curves are plotted using pre-calculated data. .

Работа при помощи скобы производится следующим образом.Work using the staples is as follows.

У всех сортиментов, кроме хвойных тонкомерных, диаметр в вершинном торце измеряют, пользуясь обычным приемом. Для этого измерительную штангу 1 прикладывают· к торцу бревна так, чтобы грань со шкалой проходила через диаметр торца, а упор 2 упирался в боковую поверхность сортиментами производит отсчет диаметра по шкале.In all assortments, except thin-coniferous, the diameter at the apical end is measured using the usual method. To do this, the measuring rod 1 is applied · to the end of the log so that the face with the scale passed through the diameter of the end, and the emphasis 2 rested against the side surface with assortments, the diameter is counted on the scale.

При обмере хвойных тонкомерных сортиментов сосны и ели и для оцен(ки их плавучести скобу лесную мерную fприкладывают к торцу8 сортимента так, чтобы плоскость торца 8 соприкасалась с плоскостью треугольной пластины 4, а направляющие упоры 5 касались боковых поверхностей сортимента. По шкале 6 определяют расстояние для центра торца 8,равное диаметру вершинного торца сортимента, а по криволинейным рискам 7 оценивают плавучесть сортимента. Сортименты, у которых ядро (или спелая древесина) 9 находится внутри криволинейных рисок 7, относятся к сортиментам с недостаточной плавучестью. Измерение при помощи скобы лесной мерной позволяет повысить производительность измерения геометрических параметров бревен при выявлении тонкомерных сортиментов с недостаточной плавучестью.When measuring coniferous thin-sized assortments of pine and spruce and to evaluate (for their buoyancy, a forest measuring bracket is applied to the end face 8 of the assortment so that the end face plane 8 is in contact with the plane of the triangular plate 4 and the guide stops 5 touch the side surfaces of the assortment. On a scale of 6, determine the distance for the center of the end face 8, equal to the diameter of the top end face of the assortment, and the buoyancy of the assortment is assessed by curvilinear risks 7. Assortments in which the core (or ripe wood) 9 is inside the curvilinear figs 7 belong to the sort Measures with the help of a forest measuring bracket can improve the performance of measuring the geometric parameters of logs when revealing thin-graded assortments with insufficient buoyancy.

Claims

The invention relates to technical measurements and is used to measure the diameters of logs when preparing them for timber timber. The famous lebyra bracket contains a measuring rod with a scale and an emphasis mounted on the rod at the zero mark of scale 1. A disadvantage of the known bracket is low productivity when measuring core diameters or ripe wood when preparing logs for the alloy. The aim of the invention is to improve the performance of measuring the geometrical parameters of logs when detecting coniferous thin logs with insufficient buoyancy. The goal is achieved by the fact that the forest brace is equipped with an equilateral triangular plate mounted on a rod and made of transparent material along its two sides, on the metric scale is located along the bisector starting from the top of the angle limited by the stops and the curvilinear risk on both sides of the bisector, s ogranichivayui allowable dimensions wood and mature wood from small diameter for various thicknesses sortimen-; Comrade and for a given length of timber rafting. Figure 1 shows the constructive scheme of the bracket forest dimensional; in Fig.2, section A-A in Fig.1; in FIG. 3, a schematic diagram explaining the principle of measuring the geometrical parameters of logs; in fig. - measurement with the help of the bracket geometric parameters of the logs and the assessment of buoyancy. The forest mercury bracket contains a measuring rod 1 with a scale of 2 and an emphasis 3. On the rod 1 there is a rigidly fixed equilateral triangular plate i made of a transparent material. Along two ctopOH plates, a stop is installed on the 1 st of 5 points. On the plate k there is a scale 6, located along the bisector starting from the top of the corner limited by the guide stops 5 and the curve of linear risks 7 on both sides of the bisectrix, limiting the allowable dimensions of wood and ripe wood for different thicknesses of thin logs and for a given length of timber rafting. The principle of working with a forestry bracket (Fig. 3) is as follows. If the triangular plate is installed on the vertex end of the log so that its two sides are tangent to the circumference of the log, then the segment OB, which is the hypotenuse of the right angled triangle EOB with an angle of vertex B of 30 ° ,. The diameter O will be at the center of the circle, describing the end of the log along the D curves symmetrically applied to the OB, which limit the diameters of wood (for pine) and ripe (for spruce) wood. It is easy to determine the suitability of the measured logs to the alloy, since these curves are plotted according to pre-calculated data. . Work with a staple is made by the following sample. , For all assortments, except for coniferous fine grains, the diameter at the tip end is measured using a common technique. For this, the measuring rod 1 is applied to the end of the log so that the face with the scale passes through the diameter of the end, and the stop 2 abuts against the side 6. noeepxhoctb is sortable, and it reads the diameter on a scale. When measuring pine needles of pine and spruce assortments and to assess their buoyancy, a forestry measuring f-bracket is applied to the end of the assortment so that the plane of the end 8 comes into contact with the plane of the triangular plastina, and the guide stops 5 touch the side surfaces of the assortment. On a scale of 6, the distance for the center of end 8 is equal to the diameter of the vertex end of the assortment, and the curvilinear risks 7 estimate the buoyancy of the assortment. Assortments in which the core (or wood that has burnt) 9 is inside the curvilinear scratches 7, belong to assortments with insufficient buoyancy. Measuring with the help of a forest-sized clevis makes it possible to increase the productivity of measuring the geometrical parameters of logs when identifying fine-grained assortments with insufficient buoyancy. Claims A forest gauge containing a measuring rod with a scale and an emphasis mounted on the rod near the zero point is scaled, characterized in that, in order to improve the performance of measuring the geometrical parameters of logs when detecting; softwood varieties with insufficient buoyancy are provided with on the bar and an equilateral triangular plate made of transparent material with guide stops along its two sides, on which a metric scale is applied along the bisectors, emanating from the top of an angle limited by stops, and curvilinear risks on both sides of the bisector, limiting the allowable dimensions of wood and ripe wood for different thicknesses of thin logs and for a given length of timber floating. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. P. Kalashnikov. Acceptance and accounting of wood. M, Lesna industry 1968, p. 133-137, fig., (Prototype) ...