SU95488A1 - Device for thermal processing of low-grade fine-grained fuels - Google Patents

Description

Devices for thermal processing of low-grade fine-grained solid fuels using solid heat transfer media are known.

The real disadvantage of the existing schemes and devices for thermal processing (mainly semi-coking) of fine-grained fuels is the complexity of the organization and instrumentation of the process.

The proposed device proposes to ensure the compactness of the installation and reliable regulation of the process by placing a fluidized bed furnace to heat the coolant in the hot coolant hopper and by using a special swivel head to deliver the hot coolant to the bunker, which is a distinctive feature of the device .

The proposed device allows for the continuous process of thermal processing of fine-grained fuels, including its pre-suspension and heat treatment.

The drawing shows the general scheme of the proposed device, including the fluid bed substance.

Fine-grained fuel from the feed hopper / feeder 2 is fed to a fluidized bed 3, in which the exudate and heat preparation of the fuel takes place due to the physical heat of the gases of the heating medium heating system.

The suschilka consists of two chambers — an upper cone, in which drying and heat preparation of the fuel takes place and the lower chamber is cylindrical with a pipe injected into it and a funnel 4, into which the largest pieces of separating fuel and rock are fed further to the receiving hopper 5. Hot gases enter the bottom from the cyclone dust separator 6. The mixture of gas and dry fuel particles through pipe 7 enters the feed tank of the substance 8, in which partial separation of fuel particles takes place. The gases from this bunker, after passing through the dust separator 9, are directed either to the atmosphere or for further use, and the dust collected in the dust separator 9 is returned to the bunker 8.

No. 95488

The dry and heated fuel from the bunker 8 is fed by the feeder 10 into the chamber 11, semi-coking, where simultaneously the heated coolant — coke or ash of the fuel being processed — is fed from the bunker 12 by the feeder 13.

In the semi-coking chamber, the process of thermal processing of fuel takes place due to the physical heat of the coolant. The mixture of newly formed coalmin and heat carrier is continuously discharged from chamber 11 by feeder 14 and fed to pneumatic tube J5, air blown into which flows through pipe 16. Aerosol flows into the heating chamber 17 of the heated fluid with a boiling bed, mounted in the hopper 12 of a hot coolant.

In this chamber, which is a cylinder with a lower conical part, in a fluidized bed, the combustion or partial gasification of the combustible components of the heat-transfer medium and the semi-coke occurs, and due to the heat released, the entire heat transfer mass is heated to the required temperature. The heating chamber of the heat transfer medium is also heated to the desired temperature. The heating chamber of the heat carrier is overlapped on top by a rotatable head 18, having a hole for the release of the air mixture into the hopper of the hot heat carrier.

Through this opening, the aerosol mixture enters the upper space of the bunker 12, in which the largest particles of coolant precipitate, gases with increased dust enter through the pipe 19 into the cyclone dust separator 6, in which dust precipitates and is removed from the system 3

The amount of solids removed from the plant is controlled by turning the head 18 and, consequently, by changing the direction of the air mixture exit from the heating medium heating chamber relative to the outlet from the hopper 12 to the pipe / 9. Physical heat deposited in the cyclone 6 solid phase (ash or coke), as shown in the drawing, can be used to heat the air blow fed into the pneumatic tube 15 by installing a heat exchanger 20.

The vaporous and gaseous products of semi-coking fuel leaving the semi-coking chamber 11 are passed through a dust separator device 21 and then sent to the condensation apparatus, and the deposited dust is returned back to the semi-coking chamber.

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. A device for thermal processing of low-grade fine-grained fuels using solid coolant, characterized in that, in order to increase plant capacity and control the amount of solid phase removed from the system, a fluidized bed furnace to heat the coolant is placed inside the hot material bunker and equipped with a head with a hole, the rotation of which achieves the regulation of the solid phase in the system. 2. The form of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation system includes a dryer for the fluid bed with a fluidized bed, made in the form of a conical container consisting of a drying chamber and an intermediate chamber, which serves to enter combustion products and to remove heavy particles from the cycle, and the heat of hot dust precipitated from the flue gases should be used to heat the blast air. 3. The form of the device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the supply of heat carrier from the semi-coking chamber to the furnace for heating is carried out by air blowing.