SU949049A2

SU949049A2 - Snow melting apparatus

Info

Publication number: SU949049A2
Application number: SU802913207A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Евгений Тарасович Бартош; Лазарь Моисеевич Майзель; Юрий Константинович Сосенко; Валерий Анатольевич Кобзев; Николай Андреевич Волков
Priority date: 1980-04-17
Filing date: 1980-04-17
Publication date: 1982-08-07

Description

(54) СНЕГОТАЯТЕЛЬНАЯ УСТАНОВКА(54) PILOT PLANT

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Изобретение относитс , к машиностроению , в частности к машинам, предназначенным дл плавлени снега, собираемого с железнодорожных станций и узлов, а также с других территорий.The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to machines designed to melt snow collected from railway stations and nodes, as well as from other territories.

По основному авт. св. № 878984 известна снегота тельна установка, содержаща плавильную ванну, размещенный в ней водонагреватель и соединенный с последним гри помощи трубопровода паровой котел с топкой, паросборником и газовыт жным устройством, снабженна сифоном, смонтированным в смесительной камере, и св занным трубопроводом с паровым котлом, краном подачи пара, установленным на трубопроводе, при этом в стенке трубопровода , расположенного над диффузором, выполнено отверстие, перекрываемое клапаном (1 .According to the main author. St. No. 878984 is a well-known snow installation, containing a melting bath, a water heater placed in it and a steam boiler with a furnace, a steam tank and a gas extraction device, equipped with a siphon mounted in the mixing chamber and connected to a steam boiler, tap, steam supply installed on the pipeline, while in the wall of the pipeline located above the diffuser, a hole is made, blocked by a valve (1.

Недостатком известного устройства вл етс незначительный диапазон регулировани теплопроизводительности котла, из-за чего снижаетс эффективность работы установки на режимах, отличных от номинального . Это происходит из-за недостаточной длины парогазового эжектора, ограниченного железнодорожным габаритом. В относительно коротком эжекторе процесс смешени высоконапорного пара и низконапорных продуктов сгорани топлива не успевает завершитьс полностью, в результате чего в выпускном сечении эжектора полеA disadvantage of the known device is the insignificant range of adjustment of the boiler heat output, which reduces the efficiency of the installation in modes other than nominal. This is due to the insufficient length of the combined-cycle ejector, limited by railway gauge. In a relatively short ejector, the process of mixing high-pressure steam and low-pressure fuel combustion products does not have time to complete, resulting in a field in the outlet section of the ejector

5 скоростей неравномерно, а избыточное давление парогазового потока существенно ниже максимального.5 speeds are uneven, and the excess pressure of the vapor-gas flow is significantly lower than the maximum.

Кроме того, вданном устройстве невозможно обеспечить эффективной работы кот ,Q ла на холостом режиме (режиме прогрева) во врем перерывов в подаче снега в ванну. Цель изобретени - повышение эффективности установки.In addition, in this device it is impossible to ensure effective operation of the cat, Q la at idle mode (warm-up mode) during breaks in the supply of snow into the bath. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the installation.

Указанна цель достигаетс тем, что установка снабжена дополнительным диффузором, подключенным к трубопроводу между дросселем и клапаном, а смесительна камера закреплена между входом дополнительного диффузора и трубопроводом.This goal is achieved by the fact that the installation is equipped with an additional diffuser connected to the pipeline between the throttle and the valve, and the mixing chamber is fixed between the entrance of the additional diffuser and the pipeline.

На чертеже приведена схематическа The drawing shows a schematic

20 схема снегота тельной установки.20 scheme snow installation.

Claims

The installation contains a melting bath 1, a water heater placed in it and connected to it by means of pipe 2 steam boiler 3 with furnace 4, steam collector 5 and steam-gas ejector 6. The latter is installed horizontally outside the boiler and contains a mixing chamber 7 communicated by nozzles 8 and 9 respectively with the outlet openings of the furnace 4 and the steam collector 5, and an additional diffuser 10, to the outlet of which the pipeline is connected

2. The water heater is made, for example, in the form of a bubbling air-lift heat exchanger containing a cylindrical body 11 and a working nozzle 12 immersed in water at a certain depth, and a cover 13. The steam boiler 4 is equipped with a gas-extracting device consisting of a diffuser 14 and synchronously controlled the siphon 15 and the atmospheric valve 16, placed downstream, respectively, before and after the diffuser 14 coaxially with it. A siphon 15, made, for example, in the form of a toroidal ring with nozzles for supplying steam to the diffuser 14 from a steam tank 17 or from a steam collector 6 through a valve 18, is installed and the smoke box 19 of the boiler

3. The valve 16 and the siphon 15 are controlled by means of an actuator comprising a spring 20 and a flexible cable 21 connected to a flap of the valve 16, a link 22 connected to a steam supply valve 18 to the siphon 15, and a lead screw 23 with a flywheel 24 The installation works as follows. When the valve 16 and valve 18 are closed, the steam flow control valve is opened and superheated steam from the steam collector 5 is fed to the steam nozzle 9 of the ejector 6. The steam jet leaves the nozzle 9 at high speed and creates a vacuum in the inlet section of the mixing chamber 7, under the action of which the furnace 4 the boiler 3 is drawn in, the atmospheric air required for the combustion of the fuel. The products of combustion, after giving away some of their heat to the water in the boiler, flow through the nozzle 8 into the mixing chamber 7 of the ejector, where they are displaced with high-pressure superheated steam, forming a vapor-gas mixture of elevated pressure and temperature in the outlet section of the ejector. This mixture through pipeline 2 and further through the nozzle 12 enters the water heater located in the melting bath 1. In the working space of the water heater (between the nozzle 12 and the housing 11) heat is exchanged between the steam gas and water, as a result of which the steam condenses, the combustion products are cooled and removed Into the atmosphere, and the water is heated and poured through the upper edge of the housing 11 to the snow fed to the bath, melting it. After the end of smelting, the installation is switched to idle mode, for which the steam access to the ejector nozzle 9 of the ejector 6 is blocked and the atmospheric valve 16 and the valve 18 are opened by rotating the spindle 23. At the same time, through the valve 18, the steam enters the siphon nozzle 15 and further 14, creating a small discharge in the smoke box 19 of the boiler and in the inlet section of the diffuser 14. Under the action of this discharge, sufficient air is drawn into the furnace 14 to burn a portion of the fuel corresponding to the idle mode. The mixture of steam and combustion products is removed from the diffuser 14 to the atmosphere through the open valve 16. The proposed installation allows to increase the relative length of the combined-cycle ejector to the optimum value without violating the railway gauge requirements, increases the overpressure in the outlet section of the ejector, expands due to this range of economical control of boiler heat output, and also allows the unit to operate in idle mode. Formula of the invention St. No. 878984, characterized in that, in order to increase its efficiency, it is provided with an additional diffuser connected to the pipeline between the throttle and the valve, and the mixing chamber is fixed between the entrance of the said additional diffuser and the pipeline. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Copyright certificate of the USSR № 878984, cl. E 01 H 8/08, 04/17/80.

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