SU945319A1 - Ferroconcrete roof - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to building structures and can be used as a coating for buildings and structures.

Coatings are known that contain orthogonal carrier metal trusses and fencing elements arranged thereon. one.

Metallic coatings are also known in the form of core structural systems made of pipes and rolled sections and the elements of the barrier 2 laid over them.

The disadvantages of these technical solutions are the increased metal content of the coating and a large number of complex nodal joints.

A reinforced concrete coating containing supporting structures located in mutually perpendicular directions and interconnected, and coating plates 3 attached thereto, is known.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the high material consumption and the increased labor intensity of the manufacture and installation of the coating.

Closest to the present invention is a reinforced concrete coating containing supporting structures in vi.

Separate frames, arranged in mutually perpendicular directions and interconnected to form square cells, and cover plates 4 attached to them.

The disadvantages of the coating are a large number of prefabricated elements and, therefore, both of the butt joints, the complexity of the joints of the extended lower frames located in two mutually perpendicular directions, the presence of four racks at each interface and the difficulty of ensuring the joint operation of the elec the frames, since the points of intersection of the braces with themselves do not coincide vertically, separate work of the supporting structures in the form of frames and slabs 20 of the coating. In addition, this structure, with the arrangement of braces in the same planes with the elements of the upper and lower arms, differs little from the system in the form of cross-shapes,. the spatial work of which is the same as structural structures, in which the inclined braces, together with the elements, form a set of spatial core figures with high intrinsic

Claims (4)

30 bending and torsional stiffness. The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability, reduce material consumption by improving the spatial work of the coating. This goal is achieved by the fact that a reinforced concrete coating, including supporting structures, made in the form of separate frames, arranged vertically in mutually perpendicular directions and interconnected to form square cells, and the floor slab, laid on top of the frames, is provided with additional square prestresses. The frames are vertical, and the vertical frames are triangular and are located downwards with the top of the square frame horizontally and are attached with their corners to the upper legs. rectangular frames with the formation of | 1 lowest cell. FIG. 1 shows an example of a constructive development of reinforced concrete pavement for a building, plan; 2, a fragment of reinforced concrete pavement (without paving slabs); in fig. 3 triangular frame; in fig. 4 - square pre-assembled frame. Reinforced concrete cover consists of interconnected triangular frames 1, arranged vertically in mutually perpendicular directions to which CEL plates 2 cover and arranged in a horizontal plane square prestressed same concrete bars 3, which are connected by their angles with downward vereins of adjacent triangular frames 1. The horizontal linear elements of the triangular frames 1 form cells of the upper scale, and their inclined linear elements form a system of spacings of the covering. The linear elements of the square prestressed frames 3 form the lower cells along the board. Interconnected by vertices, the triangular and square frames of the upper and lower cells of the reinforced concrete pavement, turned relative to each other at an angle of 45. The operation of the elements of the structure of reinforced concrete pavement under the action of vertical load is characterized as follows. The bottom of the structural coating is stretched. The upper one consists of horizontal linear elements of triangular frames 1 and coatings 2 fixed to them, which are included in the spatial work of the structure, reducing the OBDO of the horizontal linear elements of frames 1 and unloading them. The plates of the coating experience compression with bending, and the horizontal linear elements of triangular pciM undergo compression or eccentric compression, depending on the conditions of support of the plates of the coating. Diagonals work on alternating forces, and maximum forces occur in support diagonals. The advantage of the design is that the arrangement of the upper and lower cells at an angle of 45 to each other increases the spatial rigidity of the coating, since each square frame of the lower port 3 with the four oblique diameters adjacent to its corners forms a pyramid with its own high rigidity. for bending and torsion. The square frames of the lower part of the coating are made prestressed with wire, straight or high-strength core reinforcement. To fasten the reinforcement, each frame 3 is provided with internal anchors 4. These anchors serve for interconnection in the corners of square prestressed frames, butt joints of one direction, oriented along the diagonal of the square frame, are used, which greatly simplifies the design of the joint. Due to the fact that one of the main structures with prefabricated elements is a triangular frame, the length of which is much greater than its height, it is possible to significantly reduce the number of prefabricated elements and thereby reduce the number of butt joints. The inclusion of coating plates in the work of supporting structures leads to a significant increase in the rigidity of the coating as a whole, as well as to a reduction in the cross-sectional area of concrete and reinforcement of horizontal linear elements of triangular frames, and, consequently, to savings in materials. Reinforced concrete is characterized by a high degree of reliability. The failure of one or even several elements for any reason does not lead to the collapse of the structure, but only to the redistribution of efforts in it. The proposed construction of a reinforced concrete pavement can span both separately standing and multi-span buildings. In a multi-span building, the columns are usually located along the contour of the building in increments equal to the linear cell size of the upper belt, therefore the structural coverage along the contour of the building directly rests on the columns or solid supporting walls. The spacing between the columns inside the building is a multiple of the size of the upper cell. Thus, each block within the building, with dimensions equal to the distance between the columns, rests freely on the columns at the four corners. The free edges (or edge) of the structure of the block poCAylty are supported by a supporting structure composed of triangle frames 1, joined by an additional linear element of the lower band. The construction can have cantilever overhangs, while supporting the contour on columns or walls is carried out at the bottom level of the structure. The main method of mounting the proposed construction of the coating is to lift the entire entire coating, which can be carried out using either tower or floor cranes or jacks full of us. It is also possible to mount with the help of an enlargement of mounting blocks with a size of span or element-by-element mounting on scaffolding. The use of the proposed construction of a reinforced concrete coating instead of metallic structural coatings reduces the consumption of steel for the coating by 3-4 times and the cost by .35%. Claims of reinforced concrete coating comprising supporting structures made in the form of separate frames arranged vertically in mutually perpendicular directions and interconnected with the formation of square cells and cover plates laid on top of the frames, characterized in that , reducing the material consumption by improving the spatial work of the coating, the latter is equipped with additional square pre-stressed frames, and vertically positioned frames are made three nymi and arranged down apex while square frames arranged horizontally and are attached to their corners Verdin triangular frame to form a bottom cell. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Popov A.N. Constructions of industrial buildings. M., stroiizdat, 1972, p. 253, fig. Ix.7. 2. A catalog of recommended types of spatial structures for public buildings with large spans. L., StroyizdaT; 1 77, p. 36,118. 3. Sakhnovsky K.V. Reinforced concrete structures. M., stroiizdat, 1960, p. 628, fig. XVII, 30 b. 4. USSR author's certificate number 649803, cl. E 04 B 7/14, 1979. Fig.} Fiel