SU942009A1 - Device for simulating set of random events - Google Patents

Description

(5) DEVICE FOR MODELING A COLLECTION OF RANDOM EVENTS

 The invention relates to computing technology, in particular, to specialized computing devices for modeling a set of random events, and can be used in studies of various automated systems, for example, to analyze the performance of the system under investigation when a failure occurs in individual blocks. A device for static modeling of a complex system of operations is known, which contains random pulse generators, blocks for selecting a given pulse, logic element. This device allows you to create a set of random events with distribution in time and space, due to predetermined logical connections D However, this device allowed et to generate uniformly distributed events, since the order of occurrence of events is clearly defined by the logical connections of the device. The closest to the present invention is a device for simulating a set of random events, comprising a random generator and a generator of regular pulses, the meter and the first element AND, the known device generates a stream of random pulses (events) with a given probability of occurrence. When modeling the operation of the systems under study, it is necessary that on the time interval T, n different events from the N possible evenly distributed on this time interval occur. Such events may be, for example, block failures in the simulated system. In this case, when investigating the performance of a system of system failures during model T’s operation, it should fail n blocks of N POSSIBLE, while the failure moments are independent of each other and evenly distributed over the interval T. This problem can be solved in various ways, for example, by combining N devices similar to the well-known 12 J. However, in this case, the accuracy of the simulation is not high enough, which is caused by two requirements: a) it is necessary that exactly n events occur over the interval T; b) the events that have occurred must be non-coinciding, which in known devices do not execute, since among the events that have occurred there may be recurring events, and the likelihood that during time T there will occur a number of events different from n is sufficiently large. Thus, the probability of occurrence of K events (K # n) is equal to, 712 R., 77b. 825 .875 The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of modeling by forming evenly distributed events in time and space of events. This circuit is achieved by the fact that in a known device for simulating a set of random events containing a random pulse generator and a regular pulse generator, two counters and an AND element, two decoders, two AND elements, two HE elements, two single vibrators, a comparison unit codes, a multi-input element OR, n time-setting blocks, n keys, n triggers, and a control unit containing four AND elements, a one-shot, frequency divider, a constant-voltage source, a switch, and a lock button with a self-return, the first input of the switch being the first input of the device, the input of the first one-shot is the second input of the device the first input of the first element I is connected to the output of the generator of regular pulses, the output of the first element I is connected to the input of the first counter the input of the second element I is connected to the output of the random pulse generator, the output of the third element I is connected to the first inputs of the time reference blocks and to the input of the second one-bi. RATOR, direct output of the first one-shot is connected to the first inputs of the trigger, the output of the fourth element I is connected to the second inputs of the time setting blocks, the output of the second element I is connected to the first inputs of the fifth and sixth elements I, the output of the constant voltage source through the closing button self-returning is connected to the input of the first one-shot, the input of the frequency divider is connected to the first input of the first element I, and the output is connected to the second input of the switch, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third element And, the first input of the second element And is connected to the first input of the fourth element And the direct output of the first one-shot is connected to the second inputs of the first and fourth elements And ,. and the inverse output to the inputs of the second and third elements And, respectively, the bit outputs of the first counter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first decoder, the outputs of which are respectively connected to the third inputs of the taskTimes time elements, the output of each of which through the corresponding key is connected to the corresponding input of the MULTIBODE080GO element OR the output of which is connected to the first input of the seventh element And, the output of the second one-shot is connected to the second input of the seventh element And through the first element H E and to the second input of the sixth element I, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second counter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fifth element I, and the bit outputs connected to the corresponding inputs of the second decoder and the corresponding inputs of the first group of the code comparison block, outputs of the second decoder connected to the second inputs of the corresponding triggers, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second group of the code comparison unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the third one-oscillator, whose output th is connected to the second input of the fifth AND gate and via a second NOT member to the third input of the seventh AND gate, whose output is connected to the control input of the second decoder, the outputs of flip-flops are the device outputs. The time setting block can contain an electronic key, a counter and a multi-input element AND, when

This first input of the master unit is the first input of the counter, the second and third respectively the information and control inputs of the electronic key, and the output the output of the multi-input element. And, the output of the electronic key is connected to the second input of the counter, the bit outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs multi-input element I.,

Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the proposed device; Fig. 2 is a block diagram of setting the points in time.

The device contains a generator of 1 random pulses, a generator of 2 regular pulses, a control unit 3, the first counter to 1, the first decoder 5, the second counter 6, the second decoder 7 the seventh 8, the sixth 9 and the fifth 10 elements And, the second 11 and the third, 12 one-shot, triggers 13, block 14 comparing the codes first 15 and second 16 elements NOT, multi-input element OR 17, keys 18, blocks 19 of setting time points. The time setting unit 19 contains a multi-input element AND 20 calculator 21, electronic key 22, Control unit 3 contains first 23, third 2k, fourth 25 and second 2b elements AND, constant voltage source 27, first one-oscillator 28, percclator 29, divisor 30 frequencies and a self-return closure button 31, wherein the first and second inputs of control unit 3 are the corresponding inputs of the device, and the third and fourth inputs are connected respectively to the outputs of generator 2 of regular pulses and generator 1 of random pulses, The first output of control unit 3 is connected to the input of the first counter 4, the second piping to the first inputs of the blocks 19 and to the input of the second one-shot 11, the third output to the first inputs of the flip-flops 13, the fourth output to the second inputs of the blocks 19, and the fifth output to the first the inputs of the sixth 9 and fifth 10 elements And, the bit outputs of the first counter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first decoder 5 whose outputs are respectively connected to the third inputs of blocks 19, the output of each of which is connected to the corresponding input 18 through the corresponding key 18 dy multi-input OR gate 17, whose output is connected to the first input of the seventh AND gate 8, the output of the second monostable multivibrator 11 is connected to

the second input of the seventh element I 8 through the first element NOT 15 and to the second input of the sixth element I 9, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second counter 6, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fifth 10 element I and the bit outputs connected to the corresponding the inputs of the second decoder 7 and the corresponding inputs of the first group of the block AND comparison of codes, the outputs of the second decoder 7 are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding triggers 13, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second group of the block AND comparison of the code The output of which is connected to the input of the third single vibrator 12, the output of which is connected to the second input of the fifth element I 10 and through the second, the element NOT 16 with the third input of the seventh element And 8 whose output is connected to the Control input of the second decoder 7, the outputs of the trigger 13 are device outlets.

In block 19, the first input is the first input of the counter 21, the second and third, respectively, the information and control inputs of the electronic key 22, and the output is the output of the multi-input element 20, the output of the electronic key 22 is connected to the second input of the counter 21, the bit 1e outputs which is connected to the corresponding inputs of the multi-input element And 20.

Claims (2)

In the control unit 3, the first input is the first input of the switch 29, the second is the input of the one-shot 28, the third and fourth are the first inputs of the first 23 and second 2b And elements, the first output is the output of the first Element And 23, the second is the output of the third And 24 element the third one is the output of the first one-shot 28, the fourth-fifth — the outputs of the fourth 25 and the second 26 elements And respectively, the output of the constant voltage source 27 is connected to the first input via the closing button with self-return to the input of the first single-shot 28 The first element is And 23, and the output is with the second input of the switch 9, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third 24 element And, the first input of the second element And 26 is connected to the first input of the fourth element And 25, the direct output of the first 7 single-oscillation 28 is connected to the second inputs of the first 23 and fourth 25 elements And, and inverse, the output to the second inputs of the second 26 and third 2 elements And, respectively. The proposed device has two modes of operation - Preparation and Operation. These are specified by control unit 3. In the Prepare mode, in blocks 19, codes are generated corresponding to the points in time at which the simulated events are to occur. Upon completion of the preparation, unit 3 of the control transfers the device to the work mode. At the times corresponding to the codes formed at the preparation stage, random events are generated. One event is generated at a time. If this event coincides with an event that occurred earlier, a new event is generated that is different from the one that has already occurred. The number of possible events is determined by the number of output triggers 13, and the number of events that must occur during time T is the number of blocks 19 connected via keys 18 to the multiple input element OR 17. In Preparation mode, control unit 3 connects the output of the regular generator pulses 2 with the first output of control unit 3, the output of the generator 1. random pulses with the fourth output, a single signal is formed at the third output, and a zero signal at the second and fifth outputs. In this position, a single signal from the third output of the control unit 3 is fed to the first inputs of the flip-flops 13 and sets them to their initial state: the left position. Regular pulses from the generator 2 through the block 3 control penip enter the input of the first account. chica. The connection of the bit outputs of the first counter k with the corresponding inputs of the first decoder 5 provides the outputs of the last running unit, which, when it enters the third input of the corresponding block 19, opens it, and the signals of the random pulse generator 1 are sent from the fourth output of the control block 3 to the second inputs of the blocks 79. If there is an opening unit at the third input of the block 19, counting 9 еТc the number of pulses arriving at its second input, whereby in the block 19 a random value is formed, corresponding to uyuscha time the event occurred. The frequency of the regular pulses and the intensity of the random generator pulses are chosen such that during the time between two regular pulses a sufficient number of random pulses are formed for the time interval T. After a predetermined time has elapsed for that, so that random values are formed in all blocks 19, the control unit 3 transfers the device to the Operation mode. In this mode, on the first, third and fourth outputs of multiplication unit 3, O is set, the second output is connected to the second input of the device (with the corresponding position of the switch 29) fifth - to the output of the random pulse generator. To the second input of the device, clock time pulses come from the model of the system under study and, through control block 3, arrive at the first input of blocks 19. At a time equal to that set in the Prepare mode in any of blocks 19, a single signal appears at the output of this block which through the key 18 and the multi-input element OR 17 goes to the first input of the seventh element AND 8. The same clock time pulses that go to the first input of the blocks 19 are fed to the input of the second one-shot (standby multivibrator) 11, forms pulsing pulse with a duration equal to half the period of the following clock pulses. This generated pulse arrives through the first element NOT 15, to the second input of the seventh element AND: 8 And prohibits for the time of the first half of the period a single signal from the output of the multi-input element OR 17, while entering the input of the sixth element And 9, allows the passing of random pulses from the output control unit 3 and to the first input of the second counter 6. As counters in the proposed device, binary counters can be used in a microcircuit version of type 133 IE5. After the second one-shot 11 goes to the initial state, random pulses no longer arrive at the first input of the second counter 6, and the codes located in this counter are compared with the state of the output buses of the device in block 14 of the code comparison. As a block l4 of comparison of codes, the selector-multiplexer 155 KP1 can be used (И63.088.042 ТУ 30). In this case, if the code in the second counter 6 corresponds to the state of the output buses, the output of the code comparison block H increases the signal that triggers the third single vibrator 12. The pulse duration of this single vibrator is 0.01-0.001 of the control follow-up period. rny impulses. The signal from the output of the third one-shot 12 through the second element NOT 16, entering the seventh element 8, prohibits the passage of the signal from the output of the multi-input element OR 17 and simultaneously allows the passage of random pulses to the second input of the second counter 6, which ensures the change of its contents. If, after the third one-shot 12 returns to its original state, the code in the second counter 6 again corresponds to the state of the output buses, the code comparison unit Il again generates a single signal, as a result of which the code contained in the second counter 6 changes again as described above in a way. If the code in the second counter 6 does not correspond to the state of the output buses, then the output of the code comparison block 1 will be a zero signal. As a result, “and the output of the second element NOT 16 will be a single signal, and the signal from the output of the multi-input element OR 17 will pass through the seventh element AND 8 to the control input of the second decoder 7. At the same time, a single signal corresponding to code located in the second counter 6. This single signal, received at the second input of the corresponding trigger 13, n splits it into a single state, as a result of which the output buses of the device change. As a decoder in the proposed device, an ID 3 chip in the boiler 910 can be used for decoding when a single signal is applied to the control input. Depending on the required number of events (failures), the corresponding number of blocks 19 is connected to the inputs of the input element OR 17 by means of keys. In Preparation mode, the first input of block 19 receives a zero signal. From the corresponding output bus of the first decoder 5, a single opening signal arrives, and to the second input - random pulses. Under the action of the opening signal, an electronic key 22 is opened, and random pulses arrive at the first input of the counter, 21. The intensity of the stream of random pulses is such that during one the number of pulses opening on average is greater than the capacity of counter 21, which ensures the uniformity of the generated code. As a result, in the Preparation mode, in the counter 21 of the master block, some random code is generated. In the Operation mode, the first input of block 19 receives clock time pulses with the following period At. The capacity of the counter 21 is chosen to be equal to the value. In this case, any code recorded in this counter corresponds to the time, and due to the uniformity of the time code T formed in the counter 21, the distribution time T is uniform over the interval O, tj. In accordance with the uniform distribution of the magnitude, the same distribution has the value, therefore, in block 19 in the Operation mode, the clock pulses are fed to the second input of the counter 21, which counts the clock pulses, starting from the state in which it was set in the Preparing mode and through time Starting from the moment the device starts operating, there will be units in all bits of the counter. At this moment, at the output of the multi-input element AND 20, a single signal is received. The control unit 3 serves to set the operating mode of the proposed device. When applying to its second input pulse one-shot. 28 starts and delivers a single signal to the first 23 and fourth 25 11.9 elements AND, which ensures the supply of a single signal to the third output of the block, regular pulses to the first output and random pulses to the fourth output, which provides the Prepare mode, At If necessary, the transition to this mode can be accomplished by pressing the button 31, as a result of which the voltage from the constant voltage source 27 takes the input of the one-oscillator 28 and starts it. When the one-shot 28 is reset, the single signal is fed to the corresponding inputs of the second 26, third 2k elements And, which ensures that the device goes to the Operation, Operation mode can occur from an external master oscillator, which supplies clock pulses to the first input, control unit 3, or from an internal source of 2 regular pulses. In the latter case, regular pulses pass through frequency divider 30. The mode of operation from the internal or external source is set by the switch 29. The device allows to increase the accuracy of the results of the static simulation of the functioning of complex systems under the conditions of occurrence of failures. This is achieved by the formation of events uniformly distributed in time and space. In this case, during the simulation, a specified number of failures occur on the time interval T, while the known device ensures the occurrence of K failures, the number of which is not necessarily equal to the specified parameter. For example, as mentioned above, with the likelihood that. equals 0.776. In this case, during the simulation, in 22, k% of the implementation, the requirement is fulfilled and thus the volume of results is reduced, on the basis of which a statistical analysis is performed of the functioning of the system in the event of a given number of failures. The proposed device allows the occurrence of a specified number of different failures x, which ensures a higher accuracy of the statistical data obtained during the simulation. Thus, the use of the proposed device allows an increase in the it accuracy of statistical simulation and reduce the amount of work done (at given accuracy) than determined by technical and economic effect of the invention. Claim 1. A device for simulating a set of random events, comprising a random pulse generator and a generator of regular pulses, two counters, and an AND element, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of the simulation, two decoders are introduced into it, two And two elements NOT element, two one-shot, code comparison unit, multi-input element OR, n time reference blocks, l keys, n triggers and a control block containing four AND elements, one-shot, frequency divider, constant source the first input of the switch is the first input of the device, the input of the first one-oscillator is the second input of the device, the first input of the first element I is connected to the output of the generator of regular pulses, the first input of the second element I is connected to the output of the random pulse generator, the output of the first element I is connected to the input of the first counter, you, the stroke of the third element I is connected to the first inputs of the control unit of the time points and to the input of the second one-shot a, the direct output of the first one, the Novibrator is connected to the first inputs of the flip-flops, the output of the fourth element I is connected to the second inputs of the blocks of time, the output of the second element I is connected to the first inputs of the fifth and sixth elements And the output of the constant source voltage through the self-resetting closing button is connected to the input of the first one-shot, the input of the frequency divider is connected to the first input of the first And element, and the output from the second input of the switch, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third element And The first input of the second element I is connected to the first input of the fourth element I, and the direct output of the first one-vibrator is connected to the second inputs of the first speaker. and the fourth elements And, and the inverse output .- to the second inputs of the air and the third elements And, respectively, the bit outputs of the First counter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first decoder, the outputs of which are respectively connected to the third inputs of the time reference blocks, the output of each of which the corresponding key is connected to the corresponding input of the multi-input element OR, the output of which is connected to the first input of the seventh element AND, the output of the second one-vibrator is connected to the second input of the seventh element I through the first element NOT and to the second input of the sixth element I, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second counter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fifth element I, and the bit outputs connected to the corresponding inputs of the second decoder and the corresponding inputs of the first group of the block code equalization, the outputs of the second deimplerator are connected to the second inputs of the corresponding triggers, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second group of the code comparison block whose output is connected to the input of the third The other one-shot, the output of which is connected to the second input of the fifth element AND, and through the second element NOT to the third input of the seventh element AND, the output of which is connected to the control input of the second phase of the torch, is the output of the device. 2. The device according to claim 1, 1.0 tons of liter and so on. That the task block, the moments of time, holds the key, the counter, and the multiple element AND, with the first input of the specifying block ow. The first input of the counter, the second and third, respectively, the information and control inputs of the electronic key, and the output of the block. is the output of the multi-input element, And, the output of the electronic key is connected to the second input of the counter, the bit outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the multi-input element I. Hcto4HMKH information taken into account during the examination t. USSR Author's Certificate No. 45883t, cl. in 06 F 15/36, 1975. 2. Authorship certificate of the USSR № it25l83, cl. B 06 F 15/36, 1972 (prototype).