SU941760A1 - Hydrodynamic transmission - Google Patents

Description

(54) HYDRODINE / PICTURE TRANSMISSION

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the hydrodynamic transmissions of machine transmissions.

A hydrodynamic transmission is known, comprising a pump and a turbine wheel, interconnected by a friction with a pushing piston and a governing body, a reactor and a casing rigidly connected with the pumping wheel and filled with oil 1.

The disadvantages of this transmission are the complexity of the design, which consists in the large number of parts, the need for special means of controlling the friction clutch and the large dimensions.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a hydrodynamic transmission comprising a reactor, a pumping wheel with a casing and a turbine wheel with an outer torus, forming a cavity with the casing in which the friction clutch 2 is located.

The disadvantages of the known hydrodynamic transmission are the large size and low efficiency.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the size and increase efficiency.

This goal is achieved by the fact that

the friction clutch is made in the form of blades mounted on the periphery of the outer

 torus with the formation of interscapular canals, and globes located in them.

The drawing shows a hydrodynamic transmission.

The hydrodynamic transmission contains a reactor 1, a pumping wheel 2 with a casing 3 and a turbine wheel 4 with an external torus 5,

10 forming with cavity 3 a cavity 6 in which a friction clutch is located, made in the form of blades 7 fixed on the periphery of the outer torus 5 with the formation of interscapular channels 8, and 15 balls 9 located in them.

Reactor 1, pumping 2 and turbine 4 wheels form a torque converter. The turbine wheel 4 is associated with a shaft 10.

Hydrodynamic transmission works as follows.

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Claims (2)

As the number of revolutions of the turbine wheel 4 increases, the balls 9 under the action of centrifugal force are pressed against the casing 3 and also due to the free transfer of pressure in all directions to the blades 7. Since the casing 3 with the pump wheel 2 has a rotation speed greater than the rotation speed of the turbine wheels 4, the friction force between the balls 9 and the casing 3 is directed in the direction of rotation of these wheels and creates additional torque on the turbine wheel 4. The sum of torques received from the turbine wheel 4 of the blades 7 is transmitted to the driven shaft 10 from the turbine wheel 4. As the speed of the turbine wheel 4 increases, the magnitude of the torque converted by the torque converter formed by the reactor 1 and the wheels 2 and 4 decreases. the torque transmitted by the friction clutch, made in the form of blades 7, mounted on the periphery of the torus 5, increases. Hydrodynamic transmission in the main operating mode (in the fluid clutch mode) has a higher efficiency than usual due to the lower slip of the wheels 2 and 4 due to the action of the friction clutch. At a certain mass of the balls 9 and at the maximum rotation of the turbine wheel, the steep torque can be fully transmitted only by a friction clutch, i.e. the pumping 2 and the turbine 4 wheels are blocked, and the transfer efficiency approaches 100%. Blocking occurs smoothly, without jerking in the transmission. But in order to preserve the smoothing properties of dynamic loads and reduce torsional vibrations in the transmission during the main operating mode, it is desirable to have a slight slip of the torque converter wheels, at which the efficiency of the hydraulic coupling is 98--99%, the overall efficiency of the torque converter and the friction clutch is close to this value. - due to the insignificant work of the friction clutch friction. In operation, the balls 9 are in a semi-weighted state, well o.cooled and lubricated. The coefficient of friction between balls 9 and casing 3 at the beginning of rotation of the turbine wheel 4 is minimal, due to good hydrodynamic lubrication conditions, with an increase in revolutions of the turbine wheel 4, the coefficient of friction increases 94 due to a decrease in the relative speed between the pump 2 and turbine 4 wheels, and also due to for an increase in the centrifugal force acting on the balls 9. Therefore, at high revolutions of the turbine wheel, the 4 friction clutch is capable of transmitting a larger amount of torque than the complex torque converter and with greater efficiency. What is especially important, as usually the torque converter in transmissions of vehicles operates on the fluid coupling mode. Taking this into account, in the proposed device it is possible to use a torque converter with a higher conversion ratio than usual in vehicles, which will favorably affect their dynamic qualities and a reduction in the number of gears in mechanical gearboxes of vehicles, as well as apply a torque converter with a smaller active diameter. Thus, the described improvements reduce the size and increase the efficiency of hydrodynamic transmission. Claims of the invention: Hydrodynamic transfer, comprising a reactor, a pumping wheel with a casing and a turbine wheel with an outer torus, forming a cavity with the casing in which a friction clutch is located, characterized in that, in order to reduce overall dimensions and increase efficiency, the friction clutch is designed as blades, fixed on the periphery of the outer torus with the formation of interscapular canals, and balls located in them. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Lapidus V. I. et al. Hydromechanical transmissions of automobiles. M., “Mechanical Engineering, 1961, p. 203-212. 2. Mazalov N. D. Trusov S. M. Hydromechanical gearboxes. M., “Mechanical Engineering, 1971, p. 110, FIG. 50.