SU941719A1 - Device for axial fixation of shaft mounted part - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR AXIAL FIXATION OF A DETAIL MOUNTED ON A WALL

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in all parts of the national economy for axial fixation of a part mounted on a drive shaft. A device for axial fixation of the part is known; mounted on the shaft, containing clamps placed in the diametrical hole of the shaft and the recesses of the part, as well as an elastic element mounted between them, expanding the clamps in opposite directions 1. The device has limited application, because the elastic element bursting the clamps passes through the shaft, which weakens the cross section of the latter and eliminates the possibility of its constructive use. Closest to the proposed technical essence is a device for axial fixation of a part mounted on a shaft, containing a fixture placed in a radial hole of the part and shaft recess and an elastic element associated with it. The device has a simple design, provides the possibility of design. The use of the shaft of the mechanism 2 is a disadvantage. A disadvantage of the device is the low reliability of fixing parts on shafts rotating at high speed, for example, in multi-spindle automatic machines for fixing the drive spindle of the tool spindle on the transmission drive sleeve. This is due to the fact that when the shaft rotates at high speed, the latch under the action of centrifugal forces tends to exit the shaft recess. At the same time, in order to compensate for inertial forces, which increase with an increase in the speed of rotation of the parts, it is necessary to increase the force holding the lock in fixed positions. This is due to an increase in the size of the spring, which is not always possible. . The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of fixation by eliminating spontaneous unlocking under the action of centrifugal forces. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for axial fixation of a part mounted on a shaft containing a retainer placed in a radial hole of the workpiece and a shaft recess and a resilient element associated with it, a retainer and resilient element are installed diametrically opposite to each other in the female part of the shaft. The connection between the retainer and the elastic element is made rigid in the form of a closing element, the center of gravity of which is offset relative to the axis of the shaft towards the elastic element.

In addition, the device is provided with a cup in which an elastic element is installed, while on the outer ends of the retainer and the cup there are guide grooves for accommodating the closing element.

FIG. 1 shows a device for axial fixation of a part mounted on a shaft, a section; in fig. 2 is the same, view A in FIG. 1The device for axial fixation of the part 1 mounted on the shaft 2 consists of a latch 3, an elastic element 4, and also a closing element 5 which rigidly connects them to each other. The latch 3, made for example in the form of a ball, is placed in the radial hole 6 of the part 1 and enters one of the recesses 7 of the shaft 2, made by the number of fixed positions of the part on the shaft.

To prevent the ball from falling out of the hole 6, the sleeve 8 serves. The elastic element 4 is installed in the hole 9 of part 1, which is diametrically opposite to the hole 6 under the retainer, and with its other end interacts with the shaft, and the other with the glass 10. Closing element 5, made for example, in the form of a rigid ring, installed in guide grooves 11 and 12, made respectively on the outer end surfaces of the sleeve 8 and cup 10, thus connecting the retainer with the elastic element, thereby closing the center of gravity its element is offset from the axis of the shaft in the direction of the elastic element 4.

The device works as follows.

In the fixed position of the part 1 on the shaft 2, the retainer 3 is installed in the shaft recess 7 and is held therein by the action of the elastic element 4 through the locking element 5.

When the shaft 2 rotates, the clamp 3 and the elastic element 4 are affected by centrifugal forces. At the same time, the center of rotation of the closing element 5 is shifted towards the latter by the action of the elastic element. The said displacement and increase of inertial forces due to an increase in the speed of rotation of the parts provides for a reliable pressing of the retainer to the shaft and, therefore, a reliable axial fixation of the part on the shaft.

The use of the proposed device for axial fixation of a part mounted on a shaft, having small dimensions and simple design, ensures reliable fixation of the part during rotation with greater speed, i.e., ensures their use in high-speed units, for example, in gearboxes of multi-spindle turning machines.

Claims (2)

1. A device for axial fixation of a part mounted on a shaft, comprising a retainer placed in a radial hole of the part and a shaft recess, and an elastic element associated with it, characterized in that, in order to increase the retention reliability by eliminating spontaneous unlocking by centrifugal forces, the retainer and the elastic element is installed diametrically opposed to each other in the female part of the shaft, while the connection between the retainer and the elastic element is rigid in the form of a closing element and, the center of gravity kotorrgo displaced relative to the shaft axis in the direction of the elastic member. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a cup in which an elastic element is installed, while the guide grooves are made on the outer ends of the fixture and the cup to accommodate the closing element. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Orlov P.I. Basics of construction. M., “Mechanical Engineering, 1977, v. 3, p. 273, fig. 539. 2. Orl P. I. Fundamentals of Design M., “Mechanical Engineering, 1977, v. 3, p. 269, fig. 534 (II) (prototype). 8 G (rig. 1 Fig. Z