SU937703A1 - Apparatus for forming cavities in rock body - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR THE FORMATION OF CAVITIES IN THE GROUND MASSIVE

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The invention relates to the construction and can be used to form pyramidal cavities in the soil with compaction. walls in the construction of foundations.

A device for forming cavities in a soil mass is known, comprising a casing and a vibrating device for immersing and extracting the casing 1.

A disadvantage of this device is that a source of electrical energy is required at the construction site.

Closest to the invention, the technical solution is a device for the formation of cavities in the soil massif with sealing walls, including vertical ribs with cheeks, which are jointly jointly hinged in the lower part by means of a sliding anchor and in the upper part by means of hydraulic cylinders 2.

The disadvantages of the known invention are the lifting of the device in the process of expanding and removing soil to the surface during the expansion of the sectors, as well as the narrowing of the borehole walls when the sectors are reset to their original position, which does not allow to perform single foundations of large dimensions and large bearing capacity.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of the work.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for the formation of cavities in the soil mass with sealed walls, including vertical ribs with cheeks, connected

10 are jointly hinged in the lower part by means of a sliding anchor and in the upper part by means of hydraulic cylinders, provided with support plates with sockets and rigid traverses mounted on them by means of rotary eccentrics, and the sliding anchors are made of hingedly interconnected in the upper part of individual links, which they are connected to the ribs in their middle part and are provided with cheeks in their lower cantilever part, and on the side edges of the cheeks of the vertical edges there are grooves for moving along the cheeks rigid traces.

The drawing shows the device in its original position.

The device consists of sealing cheeks 1 with grooves 2. Cheeks 1 are rigidly attached to the ribs 3, interconnected at the bottom with the hinge 4, and at the top through the hydraulic cylinder 5. To the ribs 3 with the help of hinges 6 are attached anchors 7, connected by upper ends using a hinge 8. Anchor cheeks 9 are attached to the lower ends of the anchors 7. Crossbars 10 are inserted into the grooves 2, transmitting the vertical component load from cheeks 1 through the eccentric 11 to the support plates 12 with slots 13, laid directly behind the cheeks 1 on the ground ust on spine 14.

The device works as follows.

In the cavity, made in the ground with vertical walls, the device is lowered in the initial position, while the support plates 12 are not lying on the ground. Then the eccentrics 11 fix up with eccentricity upward and use the hydraulic cylinder 5 to move the cheeks 1 apart, forming the cavity 14. Redr 3, turning around the hinge 4, press the cheeks 1 to the walls of the cavity and compact them. At the same time, the hinges b are moved apart to the sides, and the anchors 7, turning around the hinge 8, anchor the cheeks 9, interact with the soil of the cavity walls, anchoring the device in the soil and preventing it from lifting. Spreading the hydraulic cylinder 5 somewhat reduces the overall height of the device, which allows pressing the support plates 12 to the ground, acting on them through the eccentrics 11 and the traverse 10, and to prevent the soil from getting out.

After the cavity 14 has been formed, the hydraulic cylinder 5 begins to return the cheeks 1 to its original position. In this case, the eccentrics 11 at the initial moment after removing the retainers rotate around the eccentric axis, relieving the tension from the base plates due to the formation of a gap between the cross member 10 and the plates 12. This measure prevents the cavity walls from narrowing and collapsing when the device is brought into

the initial position, since the plates, 12 remain in place. After the hydraulic cylinder 5 is brought back to its initial position, the device is removed from the cavity 14, if necessary, rotated by 90 ° and, again lowering into the cavity, the walls are compacted, giving the cavity a pyramidal shape.

To seal the walls of the cavities of different depths, the grooves 2 are located at different levels of the cross member 10, which can be rearranged in them.

The cavity is concreted in a conventional manner. The calculations of the foundations confirmed that their cost at loads of 200 ton-force was 40% cheaper than the columnar foundations, and the laboriousness of their construction was 4 times less due to the reduction of land and formwork works.

Claims (2)

1. Kosorukov I. I. Pile work. M., “Higher School, 1974, p. 280. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 670680, cl. E 02 D 17/14, 1978 (prototype).