SU937197A1 - Apparatus for continuous production of foamed material - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURING OF THE REPEATED MATERIAL

one

The invention relates to the processing of foamed polystyrene and can be used in many industries.

. A device for making foam materials is known, comprising a feed hopper, a forming chamber and a pushing mechanism.

The disadvantages of this device include the low productivity and quality of formable materials.

Closest to the present invention is a device for the continuous manufacture of foamed material, comprising a feed hopper, a molding chamber, means for supplying a cooling medium, a perforated working piston and means for supplying a coolant 2.

The disadvantages of this device are low productivity due to the inefficient loading of air pellets and insufficient cooling of the material.

The air loading is very light, suspended in the state of expanded polystyrene granules practically into the closed volume of the forming channel and where there are practically openings for air to escape at the moment of

granule loads can be partially or completely blocked by them, they cannot provide fast loading of granules and in their sufficient volume to carry out the work of pushing the material of the piston with a high frequency of cycles and, accordingly, an increase in the productivity of the installation.

The cooling of the finished product in a known device is also not effective, since it does not force the excess heat carrier in the forming channel. The material here is cooled through the jacket with liquid and the excess heat carrier remains for a long time inside the material, which is also a significant factor limiting the speed of the material and installation performance.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance of the device and the quality of the formable material.

This goal is achieved in that the device for continuous production of foam material comprising a hopper, a molding chamber, means for supplying a cooling medium, a perforated working piston and means for supplying a heat transfer fluid is equipped with

in the feed bin, an auxiliary piston connected to the working piston by a common drive with displacement of stroke relative to each other, and the forming chamber is provided with a vacuum chamber concentric with it, the wall of the forming chamber adjacent to the vacuum chamber being perforated.

FIG. 1 shows the device, a general view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 - kinematic connection between the working and auxiliary forces; in fig. 5 shows the interposition of the operation of the auxiliary and operational axes, where OV is the different positions of the analogs during the cycle.

The device includes a loading hopper 1 with auxiliary piston 2, a loading port 3, a molding chamber 4 with a perforated wall 5 and a loading zone 6, a heat transfer supply pipe 7 connected to an operating wall 8 with a perforated wall 9. The working actuator is driven from an electric motor 10 through V-belt transmission, drive shaft 12 and eccentric 13. A flywheel 14 is mounted on the drive shaft, serving simultaneously with a clinoreme gear.

The auxiliary drive is driven through a chain drive 15, cams 16 and pushers 17. A vacuum chamber 18 is located concentric with the molding chamber 4. The formed material is picked up by the rollers 19. The device is mounted on the frame 20.

The device works as follows

The maximally foamed granules are fed to the loading hopper 1, from which portions of the auxiliary powder 2 are moved through the loading window 3 to the loading zone 6 of the molding chamber 4. At the same time, a portion of the coolant, for example steam with a temperature of 110-150 ° C, depending on the type of raw material, is supplied through the perforated wall 9 of the working fluid 8 through the perforated wall 9 of the working fluid 8, simultaneously.

In this zone, a portion of the material is heated, softening the granules without foaming them.

Then this portion is moved by the working pistol through the forming chamber and is pressed under the pressure of 0.5-2 kg / cm (also, depending on the type of raw material) to the bulk of the previously formed material.

The kinematic interconnection of the working and auxiliary axes is carried out as follows (Fig. 5).

In the initial position, the auxiliary piston is in the V position, the working piston is in the 0 position. At this time, the granules fill the space under the auxiliary piston, which from the beginning

of its movement, it sends granules to the loading zone and closes the loading window.

The working piston begins to move simultaneously with the auxiliary pistol, moving backward a little at the beginning, position I, then forward, successively occupying positions II, III and IV, and during the reverse course the working piston takes position V and 0.

The loading window is covered by the auxiliary slider until the working slit III passes through, then the auxiliary slider quickly rises to position V. The cycle repeats. At the time of the return stroke, the working column from position IV to position O in the loading zone forms a rarefied space where the granules are sucked. The profile of the cams 16 is designed in such a way that the loading window remains blocked for 1 / 6-1 / 7 of the cycle, the rest of the time it is free to load.

The material moving through the molding chamber passes a vacuum chamber 18 connected to the shaping chamber by the perforated wall 5, where it is intensively cooled due to the removal of the coolant from the material by vacuum.

At the outlet of the forming chamber, the cooled material passes between the drive rollers 19, by adjusting the frequency of rotation of which (in the direction of decreasing their linear velocity relative to the speed of movement of the material), the desired density of the finished product is adjusted.

Then the material undergoes finishing operations (grinding, trimming, etc.).

The supply of maximally foamed starting material and heat carrier in small doses with a large frequency of cycles (250-500 per minute) makes it possible to adjust the ratio of the two, reduces the expansion forces in the forming chamber, and the movement of material with the same frequency of cycles ensures the uniformity of the finished product.

Due to the heating of the material in small portions, the absence of heat carrier imbalances and the evacuation process, improves the cooling mode, reduces the time required to reduce the temperature of the material in the forming chamber and, as a result, reduces the length of the cooling zone, as compared to the known, about 2-3 times. Production areas are released. The physical and mechanical properties of the finished material are also significantly improved.

Claims (2)

1.Patent of France No. 2328561, class B 29 D 27/00, published. 1977. 2. US patent number 3545042, cl. 425-4, pub. 1970 (prototype). Gs. / j