SU932344A1

SU932344A1 - Testing stand for transmissions with flexible link

Info

Publication number: SU932344A1
Application number: SU792804168A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Рубен Саакович Галаджев; Сергей Иванович Мещеряков; Евгений Дмитриевич Ровеньков; Михаил Васильевич Савенков; Эдгар Павлович Флик; Владимир Алексеевич Чаков; Петр Михайлович Шляков
Original assignee: Ростовский-На-Дону Институт Сельскохозяйственного Машиностроения
Priority date: 1979-07-30
Filing date: 1979-07-30
Publication date: 1982-05-30

Description

Изобретение относится к стендовым испита ниям деталей, узлов и агрегатов машин.The invention relates to bench tests of parts, components and assemblies of machines.

При проведении большинства стендовых ресурсных и функциональных испытаний деталей, узлов и агрегатов машин необходимо бывает измерять и непрерывно контролировать ® заданную программой испытаний нагрузку.When carrying out the majority of bench life and functional tests of parts, components and assemblies of machines, it is necessary to measure and continuously monitor the load specified by the test program.

Известен испытательный стенд для передач с гибкой связью, содержащий станину,' установленный на ней электродвигатель, натяжной, ведущйй и ведомый шкиВ.A well-known test bench for transmissions with a flexible connection, containing a frame, an electric motor mounted on it, a tension, drive and driven pulley.

В стенде при числе’ шкивов и контуре, равном трем, усилие в ветвях клинового ремня определяют с помощью тензометрического динамометра. По данным измерений расчитывают передаваемую нагрузку с учетом углов наклона ветвей ремня [1).In the stand with the number ’of pulleys and a contour equal to three, the force in the branches of the V-belt is determined using a strain gauge dynamometer. According to the measurement data, the transferred load is calculated taking into account the angle of inclination of the belt branches [1).

Однако по мере вытяжки ремня углы наклона ветвей меняются, что вносит некоторые искажения в первоначально проведенные расчеты и требует соответствующей корректировки. В известном стенде невозможно выполнять непрерывный контроль передаваемой на2 .грузки, а для периодического измерения нагрузки необходимо проведение сравнительно сложных тензоизмерений.However, as the belt is drawn, the angles of inclination of the branches change, which introduces some distortions in the initial calculations and requires appropriate adjustment. In the well-known stand it is impossible to carry out continuous monitoring of the load transmitted over 2. And for the periodic measurement of the load, it is necessary to carry out relatively complex strain gauging.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности и достигаемому результату является испытательный стенд для передач с гибкой связью, содержащий станину, установленные на ней электродвигатель, ведущий, ведомый, натяжной и обводные шкивы [2].Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a test bench for transmissions with a flexible connection, containing a frame, an electric motor mounted on it, a driving, driven, idler and bypass pulleys [2].

Известное устройство не может быть использовано для длительных ресурсных испытаний в связи со следующими признаками и особенностями: знакопеременный изгиб на ведущей ветви контура. Это существенно снижает усталостную прочность гибкой связи и особенно для клиновых ремней, у которых, как известно, смещена нейтральная линия поперечного сечения; установка на ведущей наиболее нагруженной ветви контура динамометрической каретки для контроля передаваемой нагрузки не может без излишних усложнений обеспечить долговременной работы со стабильными показателями (например, могут быть наводки погрешностей от вибрации, искажение показаний во времени и др.); применение измерительных приборов для долговременного контроля передаваемой нагрузки при проведении длительных ресурсных испытаний усложняет проведение испытаний, требует высокой надежности этих прйборов и нуждается в квалифицированном обслуживании; крепление натяжного шкива в виде подвески на гибком тросе ненадежно при длительной эксплуатации и может привести к дополнительным погрешностям при измерениях вследствие колебательных явлений.The known device cannot be used for lengthy life tests in connection with the following signs and features: alternating bending on the leading branch of the circuit. This significantly reduces the fatigue strength of the flexible connection, and especially for V-belts, in which, as you know, the neutral cross-section line is offset; the installation of a dynamometer carriage on the leading most loaded branch of the contour to control the transmitted load cannot ensure long-term operation with stable performance without undue complications (for example, there may be interference errors from vibration, time distortion of readings, etc.); the use of measuring instruments for long-term monitoring of the transmitted load during long-term life tests complicates the testing, requires high reliability of these devices and requires qualified service; The mounting of a tension pulley in the form of a suspension bracket on a flexible cable is unreliable during long-term operation and may lead to additional measurement errors due to vibrational phenomena.

j Цель изобретения - упрощение измерений и осуществление непрерывного долговременного контроля.передаваемого крутящего момента.j The purpose of the invention is the simplification of measurements and the implementation of continuous long-term control of the transmitted torque.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что испы- . тательный стенд для передач с гибкой связью, содержащий станину, установленные на ней электродвигатель, ведущий, ведомый, натяжной и обводные шкивы, снабжен силоизмерительным четырехзвенным механизмом с тарированной пружиной и силоизмерительным рычагом с тарированным грузом на одном конце, ведомый шкив установлен на шарнире, соединяющем два звена четырехзвенного механизма, а натяжной - на рычаге.This goal is achieved by the fact that the test. A flexible stand for gears with flexible coupling, containing a bed, an electric motor mounted on it, a driving, driven, idler and by-pass pulleys, is equipped with a force measuring four-link mechanism with a calibrated spring and a force measuring lever with a calibrated load at one end, the driven pulley is mounted on a hinge connecting two link of the four-link mechanism, and the tension - on the lever.

Стенд снабжен ограничительными упорами, между которыми размещен другой конец рычага.The stand is equipped with limit stops, between which the other end of the lever is placed.

Рычаг с тарированным грузом выполнен в .виде передачи винт-гайка.The lever with a calibrated load is made in the form of a screw-nut transmission.

••

На чертеже представлена схема стенда.The drawing shows a diagram of the stand.

Испытательный стенд содержит станину 1. Контур .2 передачи гибкой связью включает ведущий шкив 3, обводные шкивы 4, натяжной шкив 5 и ведомый шкив 6. Натяжной шкив 5 вращается на оси, закрепленной на силоизмерйтельном рычаге 7, контролирующего с помощью тарированного груза 8 усилие натяжения соответствующей ветви гибкой связи. На рычаге 7 установлен также дополнительный груз 9, уравновешивающий массу натяжного шкива 5 и рычага 7 при снятом грузе 8. Ведомый шкив 6 установлен на (шарнире 10, соединяющем два звена 11 и 12 четырехзвенного механизма 13, позволяющего осуществлять натяжение контура с помощью тарированной пружины 14 винтовой стяжкой 15, а также компенсировать вытяжку гибкой связи. Сверху и снизу рычага 7 установлены регулируемые упоры 16 и 17, которые ограничивают его поворот при отклонении нагрузки от. заданной настройки.The test bench contains a bed 1. The flexible transmission link .2 includes a drive pulley 3, bypass pulleys 4, a tension pulley 5 and a driven pulley 6. The tension pulley 5 rotates on an axis fixed to the load-measuring lever 7, which controls the tension force with a calibrated load 8 the corresponding branch of flexible communication. An additional load 9 is also installed on the lever 7, balancing the mass of the tensioning pulley 5 and the lever 7 with the load 8 removed. The driven pulley 6 is mounted on (a hinge 10 connecting two links 11 and 12 of the four-link mechanism 13, which allows the circuit to be tensioned using a calibrated spring 14 screw tie 15, as well as compensate for the flexible connection hood.Above and below the lever 7, adjustable stops 16 and 17 are installed, which limit its rotation when the load deviates from the specified setting.

Настройка стенда на заданный режим осуществляется путем создания соответствующего натяжения Q на ведомом шкиве 6 с помощью пружины 14 и усилия F на натяжном шкиве 5 путем установки груза 8 на рычаге 7. ПружиSetting the stand to the specified mode is carried out by creating the appropriate tension Q on the driven pulley 6 using the spring 14 and the force F on the tensioning pulley 5 by installing the load 8 on the lever 7. Springs

932344 .4 на 14 и положение груза 8 на рычаге 7 должны быть предварительно протарированы.932344 .4 by 14 and the position of the load 8 on the lever 7 should be pre-calibrated.

При работе с предлагаемым устройством может быть поставлено два вида задач: настрой5 ка работы стенда на заданную нагрузку (крутящий момент М); определение нагрузки, потребляемой стендом при выбранном режиме работы.When working with the proposed device, two types of tasks can be posed: setting up the stand to work for a given load (torque M); determination of the load consumed by the stand at the selected operating mode.

В случае передачи гибкой связью за счет 10 зацепления (цепная передача, передача с зубчатым ремнем) для повышения точности замеров обводные и натяжной шкивы (звездочки) 4 и 5. рекомендуется устанавливать на • ведущей ветви.In the case of transmission by flexible coupling due to 10 gears (chain transmission, transmission with a toothed belt), to increase the accuracy of measurements, the by-pass and idler pulleys (sprockets) 4 and 5. It is recommended to install on the • leading branch.

В случае передачи, гибкой связью за счет 'сил трения (ременные передачи) рекомендуется для увеличения долговечности ремня обводные и натяжной шкивы 4 и 5 устанавливать на ведомой ветви. Ведомый шкив 6 натя₂₀ гивают с помощью пружины 14 до усилия Q, соответствующего нормам предварительного натяжения ремней.In the case of transmission, flexible coupling due to friction forces (belt drives) is recommended to increase the bypass and idler pulleys 4 and 5 to increase the belt durability on the driven branch. The driven pulley 6 is tensioned ₂₀ by means of a spring 14 to a force Q corresponding to the norms of pre-tensioning the belts.

Зная усилия Q и F, просто определяется передаваемый крутящий момент на ведомом 2₅ валуKnowing the forces Q and F, the transmitted torque on the driven shaft 2 _{5 is} simply determined

М = I Q — F 1 R, где R - радиус ведомого шкива. Технико-экономический анализ предлагаемого изобретения показывает; что экономический эффект от внедрения может складываться из следующих разделов:M = I Q - F 1 R, where R is the radius of the driven pulley. The technical and economic analysis of the invention shows; that the economic effect of implementation can consist of the following sections:

устранение необходимости применения тензометрической и другой специальной дорогостоящей измерительной аппаратуры, предназначенной для измерения и постоянного контро³⁵ ля величины передаваемого стендом крутящего момента;eliminating the need for strain gauge and other special expensive measuring apparatus intended for measuring and the constant cont ³⁵ A magnitude of the transmitted torque stand;

упрощение операции обслуживания стенда, что снижает расходы по стенду в процессе его эксплуатации;simplification of the operation of the stand maintenance, which reduces the costs of the stand during its operation;

повышение достоверности результатов испытаний за счет возможности проведения непрерывного контроля нагрузки в процессе испытаний, что дает экономию за счет снижения числа повторностей и повышения эффективности проводимых испытаний.increasing the reliability of test results due to the possibility of continuous monitoring of the load during the test, which gives savings by reducing the number of replicates and increasing the efficiency of the tests.

Claims

(54) FLEXIBLE TRANSFER TEST BENCH The invention relates to bench testing of machine parts, assemblies and assemblies. When carrying out the majority of bench resource n functional tests of parts, assemblies and assemblies of machines, it is necessary to measure and continuously monitor the load specified by the test program. A test bench for gears with a flexible coupling is known, which contains a frame, an electric motor mounted on it, and a tensioning, driving and driven pulley. In the stand, with the number of pulleys and a contour equal to three, the force in the branches of the V-belt is determined using a tensometric dynamometer. According to the measurement data, the transmitted load is calculated taking into account the angles of inclination of the branches of the belt 1. However, as the belt is pulled, the angles of inclination of the branches change, which introduces some distortions in the originally performed calculations and requires an appropriate adjustment. In the famous stand impossible to-. Continuous monitoring of the transmitted COMMUNICATION. loads, and for periodic measurement of the load it is necessary to conduct relatively complex strain measurements. The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a test bench for gears with a flexible connection, containing a frame, mounted on it an electric motor, driving, driven, tensioning and bypass pins 2. The weight device cannot be used. 1 long life test in connection with the following signs and features: Alternating bending on the leading contour branch. This significantly reduces the fatigue strength of the flexible connection and especially for V-belts, in which, as is well known, the neutral cross-section line is shifted; Installing on the leading most loaded branch of the dynamometer carriage contour, the control of the transmitted load cannot ensure long-term work with stable indicators (for example, there may be interference errors from vibration, distortion of 31 readings in time, etc.); the use of measuring instruments for long-term control of the transmitted load during long-term life tests complicates testing, requires high reliability of these instruments, and requires qualified service; Fastening the tension pulley in the form of a suspension on a flexible cable is unreliable during long-term operation and may lead to additional errors in measurements due to oscillatory effects. j The purpose of the invention is to simplify measurements and implement continuous long-term monitoring of the transmitted torque. This goal is achieved by the fact that a test bench for gears with a flexible coupling containing a frame, an electric motor mounted on it, driving, driven, tensioning and bypass pulleys, is equipped with a four-link load-bearing mechanism with a tare rod and a load-bearing lever. At the end, the driven tongue is mounted on a hinge connecting the two links of the four-link mechanism, and the tension knuckle is mounted on the lever. The stand is equipped with restrictive stops, between which is placed the other end of the lever. The lever with tared load is made in the form of the transfer screw-nut. The drawing shows the scheme of the stand. The test bench contains frame 1. The flexible link transmission circuit .2 includes a drive pulley 3, bypass pulleys 4, a tension shchik 5 and a driven pulley 6. The tension shchik 5 rotates on an axis fixed on the force-measuring lever 7, controlling with a tared load 8 tensioning force of the corresponding branch of the flexible coupling. An additional load 9 is also installed on the lever 7, balancing the weight of the tension pulley 5 and the lever 7 when the load is removed 8. The driven pulley b is mounted on the hinge 10 connecting the two links 11 and 12 of the four-link mechanism 13, allowed Tension the contour using a calibrated spring 14 with a screw 15, and also compensate for the stretch of the flexible coupling. Adjustable stops 16 and 17 are mounted on the top and bottom of the lever 7, which limit its rotation when the load deviates from. preset setting. The stand is set to a predetermined mode by creating an appropriate tension Q on the driven side 6 with the help of spring 14 and force F on the tension pulley 5 by placing the load 8 on the lever 7. The spring 14 and the position of the load 8 on the lever 7 must be are tracked. When working with the proposed device, two types of tasks can be set: setting up the stand operation for a given load (torque M); determination of the load consumed by the bench during the selected operation mode. In the case of transmission by flexible coupling due to the engagement (chain transmission, transmission with a toothed belt), it is recommended to install the bypass and tension pulleys (sprockets) 4 and 5 to increase the accuracy of the coupling. In the case of transmission, a flexible connection due to friction forces (belt transmissions) is recommended to increase the bypass and tension pulleys 4 and 5 on the driven branch to increase the durability of the belt. The driven ipsiv 6 is tensioned with a spring 14 to a force Q corresponding to the norms of pre-tensioning the belts. Knowing the forces Q and F, simply determine the torque transmitted on the driven shaft M IQ-F IR, where R is the radius of the driven pulley. The technical and economic analysis of the proposed invention shows that the economic effect of the implementation can consist of the following sections: eliminating the need to use tensometric and other special expensive measuring equipment designed to measure and continuously monitor the magnitude of the torque transmitted by the stand; simplification of the operation of the stand maintenance, which reduces the cost of the stand during its operation; increase the reliability of test results due to the possibility of carrying out continuous monitoring of the load during the test process, which provides savings by reducing the number of replicates and increasing the efficiency of the tests performed. Claim 1. A test rig for flexible-coupling gears comprising a stand mounted on it an electric motor, driven, driven, tensioned and bypass pulleys, characterized in that, in order to simplify the measurements and perform continuous long-term monitoring of the transmitted torque, it is equipped with a four-link load mechanism with a calibrated spring and a force-measuring lever

With a tared load at one end, the driven pulley is mounted on a hinge, which connects two links of the Four-tier mechanism, and the tension pulley - on the lever.

2. The test bench according to claim 1, stating that it is equipped with restrictive stops, between which the other end of the lever is placed.

3. Test stand on PP. 1 and 2, indicated by the fact that the lever with a calibrated load is made in the form of a screw-nut transmission.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. D. Reshetov. Machines and stands for testing details. M., Mechanical Engineering, 1979, p. 112, fig. 54.

2. To produce universities - Forest Journal, No. 6, 1965, p. 83, fig. 3 (prototype).

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