SU927435A1

SU927435A1 - Apparatus for measuring electric slag welding process rate

Info

Publication number: SU927435A1
Application number: SU802966148A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Олег Петрович Бондаренко; Николай Васильевич Подола; Игорь Иванович Сущук-Слюсаренко; Василий Юрьевич Поповский; Иван Иванович Лычко; Михаил Васильевич Крицкий; Сергей Михайлович Звездин
Original assignee: Ордена Ленина И Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт Электросварки Им.Е.О.Патона
Priority date: 1980-07-30
Filing date: 1980-07-30
Publication date: 1982-05-15

Description

Изобретение относится к сварочно 7 му производству, в частности, к уст· ройствам для измерения скорости процесса электрошлаковой сварки и может найти применение, преимущественно, при сварке крупногабаритных изделий, ^:поковок и заготовок штамповой оснастки.The invention relates to welding 7th production, in particular, to devices for measuring the speed of the electroslag welding process and can find application, mainly, when welding large-sized products ^: forgings and blanks of die tooling.

Известно устройство для измерения скорости процесса электрошлаковой Сварки изделий плавящимся мундштуком, содержащее формирующую сварной шов охлаждаемую накладку, по всей длине которой выполнены равномерно расположенные ^сквозные отверстия, токопОдводящие щупы, электрически изолированные от накладки и установленные в ее отверстиях и узел контрольной индикации, электрически соединенный с токоподводящими щупами. Работа иэвест- ₂ного устройства основана на образовании электрической цепи между плавящимся электродом и токоподводящими щупами по мере образования шлаковой ванны. Электрическое соединение пла· вящегося мундштука с определенным щупом регистрируется узлом контрольной индикации, на основании чего судят о скорости процесса электрошлаковой сварки [1).A device for measuring the speed of the process of electroslag welding of products by a consumable mouthpiece containing a cooled pad forming a weld, along the entire length of which there are uniformly distributed through holes, current-conducting probes, electrically isolated from the plate and installed in its holes and a control indication unit, electrically connected to lead probes. The operation of the real-life ₂ device is based on the formation of an electric circuit between the consumable electrode and current-carrying probes as a slag bath forms. The electrical connection of the floating mouthpiece with a certain probe is registered by the control indication unit, on the basis of which the speed of the electroslag welding process is judged [1).

Недостатком известного устройства является низкая точность его работы, обусловленная возможными колебаниями глубины сварочной ванны в процессе сварки, которые создают своего рода погрешности в потенциальном характере измерения узла контрольной индикации.A disadvantage of the known device is the low accuracy of its operation, due to possible fluctuations in the depth of the weld pool during the welding process, which create a kind of error in the potential nature of the measurement of the control indication unit.

Известно устройство для измерения скорости процесса электрошлаковой сварки, за счет введения в него подключенных к узлу контрольной индикации , последовательно соединенных генератора импульсов калиброванной частоты и преобразователя, управляющие входы которых, при помощи предусмотренного в устройстве управляемого коммутатора, электрически соединены .927435 с токоподводящими щупами, В результате наличия указанных выше элементов дискретный характер управления узлом контрольной индикации в данном устройстве позволил повысить точность измерения скорости процесса электрошлаковой сварки [2].A device is known for measuring the speed of the electroslag welding process by introducing into it a control indication connected to the node, serially connected pulse generator of a calibrated frequency and a converter, the control inputs of which, using the controllable switch provided in the device, are electrically connected .927435 with current-carrying probes, V as a result of the presence of the above elements, the discrete nature of the control of the control indication unit in this device allowed to increase the accuracy measuring the speed of electroslag welding process [2].

Недостатком данного устройства является большое количество элементов и связен, входящих в управляемый 1 коммутатор, что снижает надежность работы устройства.The disadvantage of this device is the large number of elements and connected included in the managed 1 switch, which reduces the reliability of the device.

Цель изобретения - повышение надежности работы устройства для измерения скорости процесса электрошлако- ι вой сварки, путем уменьшения числа элементов и связей, входящих в управляемый коммутатор.The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device for measuring the speed of the process of electroslag ι welding, by reducing the number of elements and links included in the managed switch.

Это достигается тем, что в ус+ройстео для управления процессом элект- 2 рошлаковой сварки плавящимся мундштуком, содержащем формирующую сварной шов охлаждаемую накладку, по всей длине которой выполнены равномерно расположенные сквозные отверстия,- 2. токоподводящие щупы, электрически изолированные от накладки и установленные в ее отверстиях, узел контрольной индикации, подключенные к узлу контрольной индикации, последователь- зThis is achieved by the fact that in us + roisteo, for controlling the process of electroslag welding, a consumable mouthpiece containing a cooled overlay forming a weld, along the entire length of which uniformly located through holes are made, are 2. current-conducting probes, electrically isolated from the overlay and installed in its openings, the control indication unit connected to the control indication unit, sequentially

Схема включает в себя формирующую сварной шов охлаждаемую накладку 1, ¹в которой выполнено равномерно расположенных и сквозных отверстий 2. В отверстие 2 вставлены η токопроводящих щупов ^3, изолированных от накладки 1 и дизъюнктивно подключенных через неподвижные контакты 4 ламели. Подвижный контакт 5 шагового искате‘ля 6 подключен: ко входу выпрямитель-, ного моста 7,подключенного также к токопроводящему контакту свариваемого изделия 8. К выходу моста инверсно включена катушка 9 шагового искателя 5 6 через свой нормально закрытый контакт 10. Параллельно катушке 9 шагового искателя 6 подключен конденсатор 11 и катушка 12 промежуточного реле, две пары нормально открытых контактов-13 и 14 которого подключены соответственно, ко входам цифроаналогового преобразователя 15 и счетчика 16 импульсов.The circuit includes a cooled pad forming a weld seam 1, ¹ in which uniformly spaced and through holes are made 2. Into hole 2 are inserted η conductive probes ^ 3, isolated from the plate 1 and disjunctively connected through the fixed contacts 4 of the lamella. The movable contact 5 of the step finder 6 is connected: to the input of the rectifier bridge 7, also connected to the conductive contact of the welded product 8. To the output of the bridge, the coil 9 of the step finder 5 6 is inverted through its normally closed contact 10. Parallel to the coil of the 9 step of the searcher 6, a capacitor 11 and an intermediate relay coil 12 are connected, two pairs of normally open contacts 13 and 14 of which are connected respectively to the inputs of the digital-to-analog converter 15 and the pulse counter 16.

Генератор импульсов 17 калиброванной частоты подключен к счетчику импульсов 16, выход которого через цифроаналоговый преобразователь 15 соединен с узлом контрольной индикации линейной скорости наплавления сварного шва.A pulse generator 17 of calibrated frequency is connected to a pulse counter 16, the output of which through a digital-to-analog converter 15 is connected to a control indication node of the linear weld deposition rate.

но соединенные генератор импульсов калиброванной частоты, счетчик импульсов и цифроаналоговый преобразователь, а также управляемый коммутатор, вход которого соединен с токоподводящими щупами, а выход - с управляющими входами счетчика импульсов и цифроаналогового преобразователя, указанный выше управляемый коммутатор выполнен из шагового искателя, выпрямительного моста, .конденсатора и промежуточного реле, при этом токоподводящие щупы через ламели и подвижной контакт искателя дизъюнктивно подключены ко входу выпрямительного моста, к выходу выпрямительного моста инверсно подключена катушка шагового искателя через его нормально закрытый контакт, а параллельно катушке шагового искателя подключены конденсатор и катушка промежуточного реле, контакты которого включены-на выходе управляемого' коммутатора.but the connected pulse generator of a calibrated frequency, a pulse counter and a digital-to-analog converter, as well as a controlled switch, the input of which is connected to current-carrying probes, and the output to the control inputs of a pulse counter and digital-to-analog converter, the above managed switch is made of a step finder, rectifier bridge,. a capacitor and an intermediate relay, while the conductive probes through the lamellas and the movable contact of the finder are disjunctively connected to the input of the rectifier bridge, output of the rectifier bridge is connected inversely coil the stepping through its normally closed contact, and parallel to the stepping coil and a capacitor connected intermediate coil relay contacts are included on the output-managed "switch.

На чертеже представлена структур- -⁵⁵мая схема предлагаемого устройства для измерения линейной скорости наплавления сварного шва.The drawing shows the structure - - May ⁵⁵ , the scheme of the proposed device for measuring the linear velocity of the weld deposition.

Устройство осуществляет свои функции следующим образом.The device performs its functions as follows.

После наведения шлаковой ванны 19 любым из известных способов начинает 35 плавиться мундштук 20 и образовываться сварной шов, формируемый охлаждаемой накладкой 1. Как только уровень шлаковой ванны коснется конца шупа 3, подключенного к начальному контакту , ламели 4 шагового искателя 6, замкнется электрическая цепь между плавящимся мундштуком 20, через шлаковую ванну 19, контакт S , подвижный контакт 5, установленный в началь ’^J ное положение, выпрямительный мост 7 с изделием 8. Λ в диагонали выпрямительного моста 7, в которую включена катушка 9 шагового искателя 6, через свой нормально закрытый контакт 10 появится ток, Шаговый искатель срабатывает и переведет подвижный контакт 5 в следующее положение, разорвав цепь электрической связи между щупом 3, начальным контактом S₁, плавящимся мундштуком 20 и изделием 8. Конденсатор 11 служит для задержки отпускания якоря шагового искателя с целью более четкого его срабатыва ния. Промежуточное реле 12 при этом кратковременно срабатывает и через свои нормально открытые контакты 13 и 14 откроет выход цифроаналогового преобразователя 15 для записй информации о скорости сварки в самопишущий прибор узла контрольной индикации 18 и осуществляет сброс накопленной информации в счетчике 16 для последующего измерения. 1After pointing the slag bath 19 by any of the known methods, the mouthpiece 20 melts and a weld is formed, formed by the cooled pad 1. As soon as the level of the slag bath touches the end of the probe 3 connected to the initial contact of the lamella 4 of the step finder 6, an electric circuit is closed between the melting mouthpiece 20 through the slag bath 19, the contact S, the movable contact 5 mounted at the initial ^'J unfettered, a rectifier bridge 7 with the workpiece 8. Λ in the diagonal of the rectifier bridge 7, which is included in the coil 9 steps of the current seeker 6, a current will appear through its normally closed contact 10, the step finder activates and moves the movable contact 5 to the next position, breaking the electrical connection between the probe 3, the initial contact S ₁ , the melting mouthpiece 20 and the product 8. The capacitor 11 serves to delay releasing the anchor of the step finder in order to trigger it more clearly. In this case, the intermediate relay 12 is momentarily activated and through its normally open contacts 13 and 14 will open the output of the digital-to-analog converter 15 for recording information about the welding speed in the recording device of the control indication unit 18 and dumps the accumulated information in the counter 16 for subsequent measurement. one

Счетчиком импульсов 16 управляет генератор 17. который непрерывно генерирует импульсы тока с калиброванной частотой, например, 1 Гц и подает их на счетные декады. Таким обра- 1 зом, после каждого очередного касания шлаковой ванны 19 соответствующего щупа 3, происходит срабатывание шагового искателя 6, который перебрасывает. свой подвижный контакт 5 2 в следующее положение, разорвав электрическую цепь, связывающую расплав 19 с изделием 8, запись информации о скорости сварки в самопишущий прибор узла контрольной индикации 10 и сброс 2 накопленной информации, в счетчике импульсов 16 для последующих измерений .The pulse counter 16 is controlled by a generator 17. which continuously generates current pulses with a calibrated frequency, for example, 1 Hz and delivers them to the counting decades. Thus, after each subsequent touch of the slag bath 19 of the corresponding probe 3, the step finder 6 is triggered, which throws. his movable contact 5 2 to the next position, breaking the electric circuit connecting the melt 19 with the product 8, recording information about the welding speed in the recording device of the control display unit 10 and resetting 2 accumulated information in the pulse counter 16 for subsequent measurements.

Количество импульсов, накопленное счетчиком 16 между каждыми двумя со- з седними срабатываниями шагового искателя 6 и преобразованное в блоке 15 из цифрового кода в напряжение, пропорционально времени прохождения дТ шлакометаллическим расплавом извест- ₃ного расстояния X между двумя соседним^ отвертсиями в формирующей накладке, что, в конечном итоге является мерой линейной скорости XI _п = ~г~ напл'авления сварного шва, которая фик- ₄₍сируется самопишущим прибором узла контрольной индикации.The number of pulses accumulated by the counter 16 between each two adjacent operations of the step finder 6 and converted in block 15 from a digital code into a voltage is proportional to the time dT travels with a slag metal melt of a known ₃ distance X between two adjacent ^ openings in the forming plate, which , in the end, is a measure of the linear velocity XI _n = ~ r ~ of the weld seam pressure, which is fixed _{4 (} fixed by a recording device of the control indication unit.

Предлагаемое устройство для измерения .скорости процесса электрошлаковой сварки выгодно отличается от дру-₄, гих известных устройств тем, что при сохранении всех функциональных возможностей позволяет уменьшить общее число элементов управляемого коммутатора объединяемых электрическими связями ,, соответственно повысить надежность работы устройства.The proposed device for measuring the speed of the electroslag welding process compares favorably with other ₄ well-known devices in that, while maintaining all the functionality, it allows to reduce the total number of elements of a controlled switch connected by electrical connections, respectively, to increase the reliability of the device.

Claims

(54) DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE SPEEDS The invention relates to welding production, in particular, to devices for measuring the speed of an electroslag welding process and can be used mainly in welding large-sized products, forgings and die tooling. A device is known for measuring the speed of an electroslag process. Welding products with a melting die is a cooling pad forming a weld seam, the length of which is made evenly spaced; krafnye holes, current-carrying probes electrically isolated from the plate and installed in its holes and the control display assembly electrically connected to current leads. The operation of the known device is based on the formation of an electrical circuit between the melting electrode and the current-carrying probes as the slag ELECTROSHLAK WELDING bath is formed. The electrical connection.the platen mouthpiece with a certain probe is registered by the control indication unit, on the basis of which the speed of the electroslag welding process is judged 11. A disadvantage of the known device is the low accuracy of its operation, due to possible variations in the weld pool depth during the welding process, which create a kind of error in the potential nature of the measurement of the control display node. A device for measuring the speed of an electroslag welding process is known, by introducing into it a test indication unit connected in series by a calibrated frequency pulse generator and a converter whose control inputs are electrically connected with a controlled switch provided for in the device 3.9 Probes. As a result of the presence of the above-mentioned elements, the discrete nature of control of the control display unit in this device has improved the accuracy of measuring the speed of the G2 electroslag welding process. The disadvantage of this device is a large number of elements and sazah entering the controlled switch, which reduces the reliability of the device. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device for measuring the speed of the process of electroslag saarki by reducing the number of elements and connections included in the controlled switch. This is achieved by the fact that in yctpoi steo to control the electroslag process of the saarka there is a melting mouthpiece containing a cooling lining pad forming the weld seam, the uniformly arranged through holes are made along its entire length, the current lead of the probes electrically isolated from the lining and installed 1-) x, the control indication node, connected to the control indication node, successively connected to a pulse generator with a calibrated frequency, a pulse counter, and a D / A conversion; as well as a controlled switch, the input of which is connected to the current lead probes, and the output to the control inputs of a pulse counter and a digital-to-analog converter, the above controlled switch is made of a step search of the bodies, a rectifying bridge, a capacitor and an intermediate relay, the current-carrying probes through the lamellae and the moving contact of the finder are disjointly connected to the input of the rectifying bridge, to the output of the rectifier bridge the coil of the stepping finder is inversely connected through its normally closed the contact, and parallel to the coil of the step-by-step coil, are connected to the twin card and the coil of the intermediate relay, the contacts of which are included at the output of the controlled switch. At the merging table, the structural scheme of the proposed device is one day from the linear speed linear velocity of 8 ie, the weld joint 5 The circuit includes 8 cooling lining 1 forming the weld seam, in which uniformly spaced n through holes 2 are made. Hole 2 contains conductive probes 3 insulated from lining 1 and disjunctively connected through fixed contacts of the lamella. The movable contact 5 of the stepper finder 6 is connected to the input of the rectifying bridge 7, which is also connected to the conductive contact of the welded product 8. The coil 9 of the stepping finder 6 is inversely connected to the output of the bridge through its normally closed contact 10. Parallel to the coil 9 of the stepping finder 6 a capacitor 11 is connected and the coil 12 of the intermediate relay, two pairs of normally open contacts-13 and And which are connected respectively, to the inputs of the digital-to-analog converter 15 and the counter 16 pulses. A pulse generator 17 of a calibrated frequency is connected to a pulse counter 16, the output of which is connected via a digital-to-analog converter 15 to a control unit indicating the linear weld fusing rate. The device performs its functions as follows. After the slag BaHtibi 19 is driven by any of the known methods, the mouthpiece 20 begins to melt and a weld is formed, formed by the cooled lining 1. As soon as the slag bath level touches the end of the hoop 3 connected to the initial contact of the lamella C of the step finder 6, the electrical circuit of the mech melt closes mouthpiece 20, through the slag bath 19, contact S, moving contact 5) installed in the initial position, the rectifier bridge 7 with the product 8. L in the diagonal of the rectifier bridge 7, which includes the coil 9 of the stepper Atel used, through its normally closed contact 10 of Wits current. The stepper finder triggers and moves the moving contact 5 S to the next position, breaking the electrical connection between probe 3, the initial contact S, the melt mouthpiece 20, and the product 8. The capacitor 11 serves to delay the release of the core finder core in order to trigger it more clearly. The flpowewyTOMHoe relay 12 triggers briefly and, through its normally open contacts 13 and 14, opens the output of the digital-to-analog converter 15 for recording information about the welding speed into the recorder of the control display unit 18 and resets the accumulated information in the counter 16 for subsequent measurement. A pulse counter 16 controls a generator 17 which continuously generates current pulses with a calibrated frequency, for example, 1 Hz, to feed them for counting decades. Thus, after each subsequent contact of the slag bath 19 of the corresponding probe 3i, the step finder 6 is triggered, which moves its movable contact 5 to the next position, breaking the electric circuit connecting the melt 1 with the product 8, recording welding welding information in self-writing control indication node device 10 and reset accumulated information in pulse counter 16 for subsequent measurements. The number of pulses accumulated by the counter 16 between every two adjacent steps of the step-by-step suit of bodies 6 and converted in block 15 from a digital code to a voltage is proportional to the time that the slag-metal melt passes the known distance L. to two neighbors using 4: 1 holes in the forming loop of the final The result is that, in a measure of the linear velocity, Ud-g, of the weld weld weld, which is recorded by the recorder of the test indication unit. The proposed device for measuring the speed of the process of electroslag welding differs favorably from other known devices in that, while maintaining all functional capabilities, it reduces the total number of elements of a controlled switch electrically coupled and increases the reliability of operation of the device. Apparatus of the Invention A device for measuring the speed of electroslag welding of products with a melting die, comprising a cooling lamination forming a weld, along the entire length of which C) uniformly spaced through holes, current-carrying probes electrically isolated from the lining and installed in its holes, are made. welding speeds connected to the control indication unit, sequentially connected pulse generator of calibrated frequency, pulse counter and digital-analogs A converter, as well as a controlled switch, the input of which is connected to the current-carrying probes, and the output - to the control inputs of a pulse counter and a digital-analog converter, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the device by reducing the number of elements, and control connections switchboard, the latter is made of a step finder, a rectifying bridge, a capacitor and an intermediate relay, while the current-carrying probes through the panels and the moving contact of the pressure finder are disjunctively connected to A rectifier bridge input, a stepper coil coil are inversely connected to the rectifier bridge output through its normally closed contact, and a capacitor and an intermediate relay coil connected to the output of the controlled switch are connected parallel to the coil of the stepper finder. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Japan Patent f,, cl. 12 In 11, pub. 197.

2. Japanese Patent No. 5 -110 2, cl. 12 In 10, pub. 1979 (prototype).