SU924810A1

SU924810A1 - High-frequency inverter with pulse-width modulation

Info

Publication number: SU924810A1
Application number: SU802912061A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Виктор Иванович Тихонов; Алексей Петрович Пакидов; Валерий Викентьевич Авдеев; Евгений Алексеевич Прокудин
Original assignee: Ленинградский Институт Авиационного Приборостроения
Priority date: 1980-04-17
Filing date: 1980-04-17
Publication date: 1982-04-30

Description

(54) ВЫСОКОЧАСТОТНЫЙ ИНВЕРТОР(54) HIGH FREQUENCY INVERTER

С широтна-импульсной МОДУЛЯЦИЕЙPulse Width Modulation

1one

Изобретение относитс к преобразовательной технике и может быть использовано во вторичных источниках питани радиоэлектронной аппаратуры, а также в устройствах управл емого электропривода и автоматики.The invention relates to converter equipment and can be used in secondary power sources of radioelectronic equipment, as well as in controlled electric drive and automation devices.

Известен транзисторный конвертор с естественной коммутацией, в котором и:;точники управлени транзисторами инвертора Ььтолнены в виде последовательно-согласно соединенных выходных обмоток трансформаторов ведущего и ведомого генераторов, причем средн точка выходных обмоток через встречно включенный диод и вывод одной из выходных обмоток через согласно выключенный диод и резистор присоединены к базе транзистора, а свободный вывод другой обмотки - к эмиттеру этого же транзистора.A natural switching transistor converter is known, in which and:; the inverter transistor control points are filled in a series-consistent manner according to the connected output windings of the master and slave generator transformers, with the average point of the output windings through the oppositely connected diode and output of one of the output windings through according to the off diode and a resistor connected to the base of the transistor, and the free output of another winding - to the emitter of the same transistor.

Использование такого источника управлени транзисторами позвол ет открывать транзистор инвертора от источника тока, а закрывать от источника напр же«The use of such a transistor control source allows the inverter to open the transistor from the current source, and to close the

ни , что приводит к снижению динамических потерь .nor, which leads to a decrease in dynamic losses.

Недостаток способа управлени на повышенных частотах пор дка нескольких сотен кГц заключаетс в повышенных динамических потер х.A disadvantage of the control method at higher frequencies, on the order of several hundred kHz, is an increased dynamic loss.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по своей технической сущности вл етс инвертор, содержащий ключевые элементы , каждый из которых состоит из основного и вспомогательного транзисторов, соединенных по схеме составного тринзистора , трансформатор, первична обмотка которого соединена с ключевыми элементами, источники сигнала управлени транзисторами, один из выводов Kayttf дого из которых .соединен с эмиттером соответствук цего основного транзистора, а другой вывод - с базой вспомогательного транзистора t2 .The closest to the proposed technical essence is an inverter containing key elements, each of which consists of a main and auxiliary transistors connected in a composite trinzistor circuit, a transformer, the primary winding of which is connected to key elements, sources of the transistor control signal, one of the conclusions Kayttf from which. Is connected to the emitter of the corresponding main transistor, and the other output - with the base of the auxiliary transistor t2.

Дл насыщени основных транзисторов вводитс дополнительное сопротивление в цепь коллектора основного транaicTopa или используетс дополнительный источник сигнала управлени транзисторами в виде трансформатор тока. Недостатком данного устройства вл етс низкий КПД из-оа наличи потерь В дополнительных элементах коллекторiHbix цепей основных транзисторов. Кром того, с повышением частоты коммутации транзисторов увеличиваютс динамически потери на включение составного транзистора . Оель изобретени - повьпиенне коэффициента полезного действи и получени жесткой выходной характеристики инвертора . Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что в устройство, содержащее ключевые элементы, каждый из которых состоит из основного и вспомогательного транзисторов , соединенных по схеме составного транзистора, трансформатор, первична обмотка которого соединена с ключевыми элементами, источники широт но-модулированного сигнала управлени транзисторами, один из выводов каждого из которых соединен с эмиттером соответствующего транзистора, введены дополнительные источники широтно-модулированного управлени транзисторами , обща точка соединени выводов источников подключена к базе основного транзистора, а другой вывод к базе вспомогательного транзистора соответствующего ключевого элемента. Кроме того, каждый из источников широтно-модулированного сигнала управлени выполнен в виде последовательносогласно соединенных выходных o6MOTOk трансформаторов ведущего и ведомого генераторов, причем средн точка обмоток через встречно включенный диод и вывод одной из обмоток через согласно включенный диод и резистор образую базовый вывод, а свободный вьюод другой выходной обмотки 5гол етс эмиттерным выводом источника широтно-модулированного сигнала управлени . На чертеже представлена принхшпиаль на электрическа схема инвертора. Высокочастотный инвертор с широтао импульсной модул цией содержит ключевTo saturate the main transistors, an additional resistance is introduced into the collector circuit of the main transistorTopa or an additional source of the transistor control signal is used in the form of a current transformer. The disadvantage of this device is low efficiency due to the presence of losses in the additional elements of the iHbix circuits of the main transistors. In addition, with an increase in the switching frequency of the transistors, the switching loss of the composite transistor increases dynamically. The invention is based on the efficiency and on obtaining a hard output characteristic of the inverter. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a device containing key elements, each of which consists of a main and auxiliary transistors connected in a composite transistor circuit, a transformer, the primary winding of which is connected to key elements, sources of a width-modulated transistor control signal, the pins of each of which are connected to the emitter of the corresponding transistor, additional sources of width-modulated transistor control are introduced, the common point of The source pins are connected to the base of the main transistor, and the other pin to the base of the auxiliary transistor of the corresponding key element. In addition, each of the sources of the width-modulated control signal is made in the form of series-connected o6MOTOk output transformers of the master and slave generators, with the middle point of the windings through the oppositely connected diode and the output of one of the windings through the included diode and the resistor forming the base output, and the free viewpoint the other output winding 5 is emitted by the emitter terminal of the source of the width-modulated control signal. The drawing shows the electric power inverter circuit. High-frequency inverter with pulse width modulation contains key

элементы, собранные по схеме составных транзисторов, состо щих вз основных 1, 2 и вспомогательных 3, 4 трюнзисторов, трасформатор 5, первична , обмотка которого соединена с ключевыми элемента га, а ко вторичной подключена нагрузка 6, источники 7 и 8 широтно-модупированноч го сигнала управлени и дополнительныеelements assembled according to the scheme of composite transistors consisting of primary 1, 2 and auxiliary 3, 4 trynzistors, a transformer 5 is primary, the winding of which is connected to the key element ha, and the secondary is connected to a load 6, sources 7 and 8 of width-modulated control signal and additional

Claims

the master transformer 11 and the slave 12 generators, the midpoint of which through the counter-turned on diode 13 and the output of one of the windings through according to the included diode 14 and the resistor 15 form the basic output, and the free output of the other winding is the emitter output, which are sources 9 and 10 PWM control signal. Each source of a width-modulated control signal can be made in series as according to the connected output windings of the transformer master 11 and the slave 12 generators, and the average point of the windings through the oppositely connected diode 13 and the output of one of the windings through the included diode 14 and the resistor 15 form the base This is the free end of the other winding - the emitter output of the source of the width-modulated signal control. The operation of an auxiliary inverter with pulse width modulation is performed as follows. The common-mode control signal is formed by sources of 7-10 latitude-modulated control signals to the base-emitter transitions of the main 1 (2) and auxiliary .3 (4) transistors, to whose collectors the primary winding of the transformer 5 is connected, to the secondary winding of which load 6 is connected. For p) differences in the collector currents, the process of switching on the auxiliary thermistor is faster than the main one. Thus, at the stage of switching on the main transistor) a 1, its base current is formed through the auxiliary transistor 3, which leads to a decrease in the dynamic losses in the jsocTaBHOM transistor. In the established mode, the saturation of the main transistor is carried out mainly at the expense of the source 9 (10) of the latitude-modulated control signal, which ensures a small amount of static loss. Switching off the transistors is associated with the dissipation of minority carriers in the base of the estimated transistor, therefore the switching time and, consequently, the time spent in a saturated state, is determined by the load current. The introduction of additional sources of width-to-duped signal; control of transistors in the form of a series-according to connected windings of the sources of voltage connected to the transition base-emitter of main and auxiliary transistors reduces the effect of the load on the duration of the transistor in the estimated state and increase the stiffness of the external characteristic. Thus, the formation of an additional control signal of the main transistor through an auxiliary transistor during the switching on stage and the saturation of the main transistor from a source of a width-modulated control signal in a steady state can increase the efficiency of the inverter, while reducing the resorption time of minority carriers in the bases of transistors to increase the rigidity external characteristics. The use of a high-frequency inverter with a pulse-width modulated voltage with a commutative transistor frequency in the collector allowed us to increase the efficiency of the device by reducing the static and dynamic losses in the collector circuit of the key element and to obtain a hard external characteristic of the converter. Claim 1. High-frequency inverter with a width of no-pulse modulation, containing key elements, each of which consists of a short-circuit main and auxiliary transistors connected by a composite transistor, a transformer, nej the coil of which is connected to QC 5 elements, sources a pulse-width-modulated transistor control signal, one of the terminals of each of which is connected to the emitter of the corresponding main transistor, characterized in that, with an increase in efficiency, About with each source, an additional source of the width-modulated signal is introduced. transistor control, the common connection point of the source leads is connected to the base of the main transistor, and the other pin to the base of the auxiliary transistor of the corresponding key element. 2. The inverter according to claim 1, in order to obtain a rigid output characteristic of the inverter, each of the sources of the width-modulated control signal is made in the form of a series-connected output windings of the transformer 1. maters of the master and slave generators, with the middle point of the output windings through the oppositely connected diode and power supply of one of the output windings through the included diode and resistor forming the base output, and the free output of the other output winding is the emitter output of the source of the width-modulated control signal. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate 570170, cl. H 02 M 7/537, 1977.

2. Kossov O. A. Power amplifiers in transistors in the switching mode, M., Energie, 1971, p. 115

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