SU923991A1 - Bitumen composition, preferably for covering sporting grounds - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a bitumen composition, mainly for sports field coatings, from bitumen emulsions, rubber latex with or without functional groups, rubber and other additives such as hydraulic binders, setting accelerators and fillers.

Due to the ever-increasing requirements for sports buildings, sports field coverings that are resistant to atmospheric and θ influences are becoming more and more important. Such coatings are primarily produced on the basis of bitumens, plastics, elastics and combinations of these materials using recycled materials such as scrap rubber or plastics. '

The most cost effective coatings are based on mixtures of bitumen or bitumen emulsions and granulated rubber. Such coatings are resistant _to wear and weather resistance, but they are not sufficiently elastic, which is why they are unsuitable for many sports.

In addition, it is known to manufacture coatings from mixtures of bitumen emulsions with dispersion.

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plastics and elastics. These coatings are simply processed in a cold state and mainly meet the requirements of consumers. Thanks to weighted formulations with the addition of granulated rubber and plastics, rubber, old tires, hydraulic binders and accelerators, further improvements in coatings _and accessibility for mass sports are achieved. However, these coatings are characterized by relatively high sensitivity to water, which, especially when changing frosts, thaw has negative consequences and significantly reduces the service life of such coatings. The elastic properties of the coating depend on the added rubber granulate, as a result of which small tensile strength, elongation, compensation of cracks formed and elastic recovery coefficient are observed, and the hardness is in most cases too high. These mechanical properties can be improved primarily by the addition of vulcanized rubber. Vulcanization is carried out by the addition of unvulcanized rubber or latex and vulcanization agents.

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in hot bitumens. Thus, it is possible to obtain coatings that are resistant to wear and aging, elastic and tear-resistant, but this is a difficult, difficult-to-manage process, which in most cases involves high costs.

The purpose of the invention is to develop a composition of bitumen, forming a coating for sports fields, cold-processed, monolithic, elastic, stable ι о anti-aging, durable to rupture, tensile and rsznoobraznye, with a long service life, quickly setting, does not require large expenses and, thus available to mass spdrt. ,five

The supplied chain is achieved by the fact that the Composition of bitumen emulsions, rubber latex with or without functional groups, rubber and other additives contains 20-40 wt.%, Preferably 28-32 wt.%, ₂₀ approximately 50% bitumen emulsion with clay. emulsifier, 20-500 meq. multivalent metal ions, preferably zinc, magnesium or calcium per 100 g of clay, and 0.05-5.0 wt.%, preferably 0.1 to ₂₅

1.0 wt.% Cold vulcanization accelerator.

Using special bitumen emulsions in the presence of vulcanization agents, cold-vulcanizing: a coating is obtained from mixtures. Particularly suitable - ₃₀ tumnye bi- stable emulsion with clay emulsifiers.

For the formation of cationic bridges between emulsified bitumen particles with a negative charge, on the one hand, and clay particles, also with a negative charge, on the other hand, two- and three- ^five- year cations are added. Alkaline-earth ions or heavy metal ions can be active cations. In the case of

. ions of polyvalent metals, especially zinc, magnesium or calcium, in the presence of a vulcanization agent, vulcanization of the rubber latex contained in the mixture occurs, depending on time and temperature.

As a vulcanization agent, it is advisable to use colloidal ce-. ^4ί ru. To achieve the required reaction rate at normal temperatures, a cold vulcanization accelerator of the general formula is used.

'to

"3 · K,

where Βχ and d ₂ - hydrogen or hydrocarbon- ^5; radicals;

hs - alkaline or ammonium ions.

The vulcanization accelerator in the form of an aqueous solution is introduced into the mixture, which is based on the emulsion and contains water as a dispersion medium. To enhance the process of vulcanization additionally add oxides or salts of zinc, magnesium or calcium.

After mixing all the components and applying the mixture onto the surface to be coated, evaporation and setting of the water in the mixture occurs first. Seizure is primarily caused by hydraulic binders, such as cement, and accelerators, such as anhydrous calcium chloride.

After drying and setting, vulcanization reactions begin between the components of the mixture. Polyvalent metal ions contained in a stable emulsion of bitumen and clay activate the process of vulcanization of uncured rubber from latex with sulfur present in the colloidal state. In this case, between the molecules of rubber, carcass-like structures are formed in which bitumen and clay particles are included, which are in a mixture as a result of activation by polyvalent metal ions. Thus, in the proposed composition, close bonds are formed between the vulcanized rubber and high-quality bitumen. Rubber particles contained in the mixture in powder or granular form are introduced into the system and fixed in it.

Compared to the known bitumen coatings, wear and tear offered on account of the separation or tearing of rubber particles is significantly reduced.

The vulcanization reaction proceeds the faster, the higher the temperature.

The reaction time at normal temperatures in the range of 5-25 ° C can be significantly shortened by the addition of cold vulcanization agents such as dithiocarbamates, which is especially important since it is difficult to vulcanise the coatings applied on large areas by heat treatment.

As a filling component, some types of old rubber from tires, regenerates, etc. in fibrous, granulated, or powder form are used. All other types of rubber granulate can also be used. ·

The production of the coating includes two or four stages of preparation at the factory and one or two stages of processing at the place of use.

Prepare a special emulsion first (1)

bitumen and clay with zinc, magnesium or

calcium. From this mixture the addition of rubber

latex prepare a combination of (11) bitumen ι

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emulsion and latex. At the same time, a vulcanization paste (11 g) made of sulfur, water and a surfactant is mixed in ball mills, in this case with the addition of kaolin or clay and zinc oxide, magnesium or 5 calcium. The combination ΊΓ and the IG paste are mixed and the product IV is obtained. This production step can be carried out either at the factory or at the place of use.

At the site of application, product IV in a concrete mixer is thoroughly mixed with setting accelerators, hydraulic binders, rubber materials (primarily from old rubber in granulated ^ fibrous and / or powder form) and 5, a vulcanization accelerator. Then the mixture is poured between the patterns on the intended for the application area and smooth it. After 48 h most of Yoda evaporates or is grasped and 'cover ₂₀ receives the known properties of the mixture of bitumen emulsion, latex, and rubber cement. Then start the vulcanization reaction. The layer becomes more rubber-like and, thus, the weight more satisfies the requirements and coatings ₂₅ for sports fields.

Example 1. Production of bitumen composition is carried out in five stages.

Prepare a stable bitumen emulsion (L _zo out, wt. H .: B45 bitumen 139.4; water 115.76; clay 10.72; zinc sulfate (containing water of crystallization) 0.52; ethylphenyl polyglycol ether 1.08 and calcium hydroxide 0 52

268 weight. including emulsion mixed with 12 wt. including alkylphenylpolygol ether and 120 weight. h? ⁵ butadiene styrene-latex containing 60 wt. h. measured, 54 wt. including water and 6 wt. h

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emulsifier, at 15-35’C and get a combination (II) of bitumen emulsion and latex.

In a ball mill, processed into a paste (III), weight. including: sulfur 1,5; kaolin or clay 6; a surfactant (for example, alkylphenyl polyglycol ether) 0.38 and water 7.12.

400 weight. including a combination of 11 and 1.5 wt. h. paste III is mixed at 15-35 ° C in an activated emulsion (IV).

In the mixer sequentially mixed 415 weight. including emulsion IV with 25 wt. including anhydrous powdered calcium chloride,

10 wt. including sodium dithiocarbamate solution (2 wt.% sodium dithiocarbamate solution for 8 wt. h. of water), 100 wt. h. cement and 450 wt. including old rubber in a mixture of powder and granulate with a grain size of 0-5 mm.

The proposed bituminous composition is a dense flowing product to a pasty product, which is spread on a surface to be covered and smoothed between the patterns. The thickness of the layer may be 1-10 cm (preferably 2-4 cm).

Concrete, asphalt and rolled macadam with a slope of one or two sides of the site are not less than 0.5% suitable as a foyer. .

The drying process begins immediately, so that after about 5 hours, the starting rain can no longer damage the coating. After 24-48 hours you can walk on the surface. After evaporation and setting of the water, vulcanization begins, which ends in 20-30. days After holding at 20 + 5 ° and. relative humidity of 65 + 5% coverage reaches the indicators presented in the table.

Indicator

Coverage Requirements

Coating

Known (from bitumen emulsion and rubber latex)

Proposed

for example

by

Elasticity at

rebound,% 20-30 17 27 24 Hardness Shora, A 30-50 60 ' 43 45 Strength on gap, kgf / cm ² Not less than 2 2.7 2.9 4.0

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Indicator

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Table continuation

............ * ’....." " Coating Coverage Requirements Known (from bitumen emulsion and rubber latex) Offered but an example 12

Not less than 10 5

15 13

Stretching at break,%

Deformation under pressure of 4 kgf / cm ² ,% Not more

Water absorption in vacuum, vol.% five Dynamic depth of indentation of the stamp (8 kgf / cm ² , 0.36 Hz, 22 ° C., 1 h) Not more than 2 Coefficient of elastic recovery after 2 h% Not less than 50

8.1 3.2 about 3.0

1.10 1.20 1.10

18 87.5 85.0

For comparison, the table also shows the indicators of the known coating of bitumen emulsion, rubber latex, cement and calcium chloride without a vulcanization agent, ³⁵ laid in the same conditions and the requirements for coating for sports grounds.

Example 2. Vulcanization paste (111) is prepared in a ball mill from, parts: sulfur 1.5; kaolin or clay 3.75; zinc oxide, ⁴⁰ mg or calcium 2.25; surfactant (for example, sodium alkyl sulfonate) 0.5 and water 7.0.

Further processing is carried out analogously to example 1. This provides coatings with ⁴³ indicators shown in the table.

Claims (3)

Claim 1. A bituminous composition, mainly for sports field coatings, of bitumen emulsions, rubber latex with or without ⁵⁰ functional groups, and other additives such as hydraulic binders, setting accelerators and fillers, which is from 20-40 wt.%, preferably 28-32 wt.%, bitumen emulsion with a clay emulsifier, 20-50 mg-eq. ions of polyvalent metals, preferably ions of zinc, magnesium or calcium, per 100 g of clay and 0.05-5.0 wt.%, preferably 0.1-1.0 wt.%, cold vulcanization accelerator. 2. The bituminous composition according to claim. ^, Characterized in that the cold vulcanization accelerator has the general formula where K] and H ₂ are hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals; H ₃ - alkaline or ammonium ions. 3. Bituminous composition according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, differing in that the total combination contains 0.05-5.0 wt.%, Preferably 0.1-1.0 wt.%, Metal oxides in powder form, preferably pink, magnesium and calcium oxides.