SU921892A1

SU921892A1 - Vehicle energy recuperator

Info

Publication number: SU921892A1
Application number: SU802986557A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Иванович Игнаткин
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я А-7156
Priority date: 1980-09-26
Filing date: 1980-09-26
Publication date: 1982-04-23

Description

(5) РЕКУПЕРАТОР ЭНЕРГИИ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО СРЕДСТВА(5) VEHICLE ENERGY RECOVERATOR

II

Изобретение относитс к транспортному машиностроению и может быть использовано в любых отрасл х техники , в механизмах, работающих в режимах частого изменени нагрузки, когда требуетс рекупераци энергии .The invention relates to transport engineering and can be used in any part of the technology, in mechanisms operating in frequent load change modes, when energy recovery is required.

Известно устройство дл преобразовани .энергии и передачи вращени , содержащее входной и выходной валы, передающую систему и управл ющие органы l .A device for converting energy and transmitting rotation is known, comprising input and output shafts, a transmission system and control members l.

Недостатками этого устройства вл ютс конструктивна сложность и сложность а управлении.The disadvantages of this device are constructive complexity and complexity of control.

Известен привод, содержащий корпус , вал, маховик, механизм передачи движени от маховика к валу и тормоз 2 .A known actuator comprising a housing, a shaft, a flywheel, a mechanism for transmitting movement from the flywheel to the shaft, and a brake 2.

Недостатками этого привода вл ютс жестка св зь маховика с двигателем и валом в момент передачи вращени , а также потери энергии, запасенной а упругом элементе при от ,;ключении фрикционной муфты.The disadvantages of this drive are the rigid coupling of the flywheel to the engine and the shaft at the time of the transmission of rotation, as well as the loss of energy stored in the elastic element when the friction clutch is turned off.

Известен рекуператор энергии транспортного средства, содержащий корпус , в котором размещен маховик, св занный с валом трансмиссии транспортного« €редства посредством кинематической цепи и муфты свободного хода 3..A vehicle energy recuperator is known, comprising a housing in which a flywheel is mounted associated with a transmission shaft of a vehicle through a kinematic chain and a freewheel 3.

Недостатками известного рекупера10 тора вл ютс невозможность пополнени кинетической энергии маховика во врем сто нки транспортного средства и низкий КПД кинематической цепи, св зывающей маховик с валок(,.The disadvantages of the known heat exchanger are the impossibility of replenishing the kinetic energy of the flywheel during the vehicle stationary and the low efficiency of the kinematic chain connecting the flywheel to the roller (,.

1515

Цепь изобретени - повышение КПД регул тора энергии транспортного средства.The circuit of the invention is an increase in the efficiency of the energy regulator of the vehicle.

Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что кинематическа цепь рекуператора The goal is achieved by the fact that the kinematic chain of the heat exchanger

20 энергии транспортного средства выполнена в виде двух управл емых муфт, у первой из которых одна полумуфта жестко св зана с корпусом, а втора The 20 energy of the vehicle is made in the form of two controlled couplings, the first of which has one coupling half rigidly connected to the housing and the second

33

через первый упругий элемент св зана с упом нутым валом и одновременн через упом нутую муфту свободного хда с маховиком с возможностью вклочени в режиме торможени , у второй упом нутой муфты одна полумуфта соединена с маховиком, а втора полумуфта св зана через упругий элемент с валом трансмиссии и одновременно через вторую муфту свободного хода с корпусом с возможностью включени в режиме разгона транспортного средства , при этом упом нутые муфты снабжены устройством дл их управлени , выполненным в виде кулачков по количеству управл емых муфт, жестко св занных с упом нутым валом и кинематически св занных с соответ-. ствующим органом управлени упом нутых муфт с возможностью включени последних по окончании цикла закручивани упругого элемента.through the first elastic element is connected with the said shaft and simultaneously through the said free drive coupling with the flywheel with the possibility of engaging in braking mode; in the second mentioned coupling one coupling half is connected with the flywheel, and the second coupling half is connected through the elastic element with the transmission shaft and at the same time through the second one-way clutch with the housing with the possibility of starting up in the vehicle acceleration mode, and the said couplings are provided with a device for controlling them, made in the form of cams by the number of pack equal couplings rigidly connected with the mentioned shaft and kinematically connected with the corresponding. control unit of the said couplings with the possibility of including the latter at the end of the twisting cycle of the elastic element.

С целью обеспечени пополнени кинетической энергии маховика во врем сто нки транспортного средства от внешнего источника энергии, он снабжен приводом, выполненным в виде дополнительной управл емой муфты, одна полумуфта которой жестко св зана с корпусом, а втора через дополнительную муфту свободного хода с маховиком с возможность включени в режиме пополнени кинетической энергии маховика и одновременно через упругий элемент с обоймой, установленной.на цилиндрической части маховика посредством тел качени дл подсоединени к внешнему источнику энергии, причем муфта снабжена устройством:дл ее управлени , выполненным в виде подпружиненных толкателей и кулачка, жестко св занных с упом нутой обоймой и кинематически св занных с соответствующим органом управлени муфты с возможностью ее включени по окончании цикла закручивани упругого элемента.In order to replenish the kinetic energy of the flywheel when the vehicle is parked from an external energy source, it is equipped with an actuator made in the form of an additional controllable clutch, one coupling half of which is rigidly connected to the housing, and the second through an additional freewheel clutch with a flywheel with turning on in the replenishment mode of the kinetic energy of the flywheel and at the same time through the elastic element with the holder mounted. on the cylindrical part of the flywheel by means of rolling elements for connection to an external source of energy, the coupling being provided with a device: for controlling it, made in the form of spring-loaded pushers and a cam, rigidly connected with the said cage and kinematically connected with the corresponding control body of the coupling with the possibility of its activation at the end of the twisting cycle of the elastic element.

Кроме того, исполнительный механизм каждой управл емой муфты выполнен в виде цилиндрической пружины, один конец которой закреплен на неподвижной полумуфте каждой муфты, а второй конец ее несколькими витками охватывает подвижные полумуфты, при этом внутренний диаметр пружины в свободном состо нии меньше наружного диаметра подвижной полумуфты.In addition, the actuator of each controlled coupling is made in the form of a cylindrical spring, one end of which is fixed to the stationary coupling half of each coupling, and the second end of it covers the moving coupling half with several turns, while the internal diameter of the spring in a free state is less than the outer diameter of the moving coupling half.

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На фиг. 1 показана принципиальна схема рекуператора энергии транспортного средства; на фиг. 2 - исполнительный механизм управл емойFIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle energy recuperator; in fig. 2 - actuator controlled

5 муфты; на фиг. 3 вид А на фиг. 2.5 couplings; in fig. 3 view A in FIG. 2

Рекуператор содержит вал 1 трансмиссии , маховик 2, корпус 3, тормоз 4, содержащий упругий элемент 5, укрепленный одним концом на валу 1,The recuperator contains the shaft 1 of the transmission, the flywheel 2, the housing 3, the brake 4 containing the elastic element 5, reinforced with one end on the shaft 1,

0 а другим - на поворотной части 6 управл емой муфты, цилиндрическую пружину 7, один конец которой укреплен на цилиндрической части корпуса 3, вл ющейс неподвижной частью 80 and the other on the rotatable part 6 of the controlled clutch, a cylindrical spring 7, one end of which is fixed on the cylindrical part of the housing 3, which is a fixed part 8

S первой управл емой муфты, а второй конец охватывает несколькими витками поворотную часть 6 первой муфты, механизм раскрутки маховика, содержащий упругий элемент 9, укрепленный рд0 ним концом на поворотной части 10 дополнительной управл емой муфты, а другим - на обойме 11 , получающей вращение от привода 12, цилиндрическую пружину 13, один конец которойS of the first controllable clutch, and the second end spans several turns of the rotary part 6 of the first clutch, the flywheel spinning mechanism containing an elastic element 9 reinforced with a flat end on the rotary part 10 of the additional controllable clutch, and the other end of the clip 11, which receives rotation from drive 12, a cylindrical spring 13, one end of which

5 укреплен на цилиндрической части корпуса 3:. вл ющейс неподвижной частью дополнительной управл емой муфты, а Второй конец Охватывает не|Сколькими витками часть 10 муфты,5 mounted on the cylindrical part of the housing 3 :. which is the fixed part of the additional control clutch, and the second end does not cover | How many turns part 10 of the clutch,

O механизм передачи движени от маховика на выходной вал, содержащий упругий элемент 15, укрепленный одним концог- на валу 1 , а вторым - на поворотной части 16 второй управл емой муфты, цилиндрическую пружину 17, один конец которой укреплен на цилиндрической части маховика 2, а второй конец охватывает несколькими витками часть 16 второй муфты, причем внутренние диаметры пружин 7, 13 и 17 в свободном состо нии несколько меньше наружных (охватываемых) диаметров деталей 6 и 8, 10 и 1+, 2 и/16 соответственно.O mechanism for transferring motion from the flywheel to the output shaft containing the resilient element 15 fixed by one endog shaft 1, and the second - on the rotary part 16 of the second controlled coupling, the cylindrical spring 17, one end of which is fixed on the cylindrical part of the flywheel 2, and the second end spans several turns of part 16 of the second clutch, and the inner diameters of the springs 7, 13 and 17 in the free state are somewhat smaller than the outer (covered) diameters of parts 6 and 8, 10 and 1+, 2 and / 16, respectively.

5 Обойма 11 установлена на цилиндрической части ступицы маховика 2 посредством тел 18 качени , маховик установлен на валу 1 посредством тел 19 качени . Части 6 и 10 св заны5 The clip 11 is mounted on the cylindrical part of the hub of the flywheel 2 by means of rolling bodies 18, the flywheel is mounted on the shaft 1 by means of rolling bodies 19. Parts 6 and 10 are connected

0 с маховиком через муфты свободного хода, образованные телами 20 качени . Часть 16 св зана с корпусом 3 через муфту свободного хода, образованную телами 21 качени . Колеса0 with flywheel through one-way clutches formed by rolling bodies 20. Part 16 is connected to housing 3 through a freewheel, formed by rolling bodies 21. Wheels

Claims

5, 22 of the vehicle is attached to the shaft 23, which is rotated from the shaft 1 through gears, 25 or 2it, 26, 27. The negative feedback devices of each control clutch are shown in FIG. 1 dotted lines. The negative feedback device of the additional control coupling includes fingers 28 mounted on the pressure disk 29, an end cam 30 rigidly mounted on the clip 11, a control sleeve 31 with an inclined groove 32 for the control L-shaped pin 33 having the ability to move along the longitudinal the axis along arrow B with rigid fixation in any given position, but without the possibility of rotation around its axis to regulate the size of the plant of the elastic element 9 and, consequently, to regulate the driving or braking moment nta, spring 3, supporting with one end to flange of sleeve 31 through intermediate part 35 and rolling body 36, and the other to body 3, spring 13, one end of which is fixed on the cylindrical part of body 3, which is the fixed part of the coupling, second end a part 10 covers several turns, and the internal diameter of the spring 13 in a free state is not only smaller than the external diameter of parts 10 and 14, but its turn, covering the part 10, will be bent in the form of an emphasis 37, inside a special window 38, made in sleeve 31 the width of this the window is slightly larger than the projection of the length of the groove 32 in the longitudinal direction. The disk 29 interacts with the sleeve 31 through the bodies 39 rolling. Item 10 interacts with the yoke 11 through the rolling bodies tO. The negative feedback of the first controlled clutch is the same as described, and the negative of the second controlled clutch is characterized in that one end of the coil spring 17 is fixed to the cylindrical part of the flywheel 2, and the second covers several turns of the part 16. The transmission works as follows. When the actuator 12 is turned on through the yoke 11, the elastic element plant 9 begins. At this point, the window 38 in the sleeve 31 does not touch the stop 37 of the bent end of the spring 13, the stop 37 is released, and there is no gap between the parts 10 and 13, and the spring 13 tightly covers part 10 of the additional couplings. Since the other end of the spring 13 is fixed in the housing 3, as a result, the part 10 becomes stationary and allows the elastic element 9 to be swirled during rotation of the yoke 11. After the elastic element 9 turns on a predetermined predetermined moment, the cam 30 fixed on the yoke 11 and being a comparison element, begins to press a disc 29 through the fingers 28 which through the rolling bodies 39; forming the thrust bearing, retracts axially in the direction of arrow B of the control sleeve 31, compressing the spring. Moreover, since the pin 33 is fixed in. the position in the groove 32, the axial movement of the sleeve 31 causes it to rotate due to the interaction of the pin 33 with the wall of the groove 32, the wall of the window 38 contacts the stop 37 of the spring 13 and rotates the spring 13 in the direction of the gap between the parts 13 and 10. When This causes the clutch to turn off, and the part 10 begins to rotate under the action of the inserted elastic element 9 and through the freewheel formed by the rolling bodies 20, the energy supplied by the elastic element from the drive, the flywheel 2, which receives a pulse of energy and it starts to run faster, i.e. gains speed increment. Since during acceleration of the flywheel, the end of the elastic element 9. associated with the part 10 rotates relative to the longitudinal axis by an angle approximately equal to that to which the yoke 11 was turned when spring was set, the misalignment in the angle between parts 10 and 11 disappears and the cam 30 of part 11 allows the fingers 28 to move in the direction opposite to arrow B, the sleeve 31 under the action of the spring Between the parts 10 and 13, the gap disappears, and the part 10 stops under the action of the spring 13 covering it with its turns 13 chivats when the drive. Such cycles can be repeated for an arbitrarily long time to unwind - the flywheel to the required speed, i.e. the flywheel gradually accelerates, receiving pulses of energy from the actuator. -j through the elastic element. A second controlled clutch is engaged to rotate the shaft 1. The spring 17 tightly covers the part 16 and the cylindrical hour of the flywheel 2 without a gap, as a result of which the flywheel 2 is rigidly connected to the part 16 to which one horse is attached to the elastic element 15- The winding of the elastic element 15 begins before the moment of resistance to rotation of the shaft 1 , then the shaft 1 of the flywheel 2 starts to rotate through the elastic element 1 A one-way clutch formed by the rolling bodies 21 does not allow the elastic element 15 to idle. If braking is required, the first controllable clutch is inserted, in which the spring 7 tightly covers the parts 6 and 8 of the housing 3 without a gap. As a result, the part 6 becomes stationary and then the excess energy from the element 15 of the rotating shaft 1 begins to accumulate in the element 5 F t . naminaetsya plant element 5 to determine; | -1nom moment. Then the spring 7 releases the UST 6, and it rotates, through the freewheel, formed by the rolling bodies 20, transfers the braking energy accumulated by the element 5 to the flywheel 2, i.e. excess energy is recovered during braking. Such tsikkly repeated throughout the entire braking time. The accumulated braking energy is then given to the flywheel, for rotation. shaft 1. From shaft 1, the wheels 2 VI 25 transmit rotation to the shaft 23, on which the wheels of the transport vehicle are fixed. For reversing, the rotation from shaft 1 to shaft 23 is transmitted through the wheels, 2b and 27Using energy recuperator allows increasing vehicle efficiency and eliminating engine operating conditions associated with increased emission of harmful substances. Claim 1. Energy recuperator of transport means, comprising a housing that houses a flywheel, is connected to the transmission shaft of a vehicle 8 by means of a kinematic i chain and one-way clutch, characterized in that, in order to increase its efficiency, the kinematic chain is in the form two controllable couplings, in the first of which one coupling half is rigidly connected with the said shaft and at the same time through the aforementioned one-way clutch with a flywheel with the possibility of engaging in braking mode, in the second mentioned coupling one coupling half is one with the flywheel, and the second coupling half is connected via an elastic element to the transmission shaft and simultaneously through the second one-way clutch to the housing, which can be activated in the vehicle acceleration mode, while the couplings are equipped with a device for controlling them, in the form of cams according to the number of controlled clutches, rigidly connected with the said shaft and kinematically connected with the corresponding governing body of the said clutches with the possibility of including the latter at the end of the cycle ivani elastic element. 2. Energy recuperator according to claim 1, which are also used in order to ensure the replenishment of kinetic energy and flywheel when the vehicle is parked from an external energy source, it is equipped with a drive made in as an additional controlled clutch, one half-coupling of which is rigidly connected to the body, and the second through an additional one-way clutch with a flywheel with the possibility of turning on the flywheel in the replenishment mode of the kinetic energy and simultaneously through an elastic element with a clip mounted on the cylindrical h flywheel parts by means of rolling elements for connection to an external power source, the clutch being equipped with a device for controlling it, made in the form of spring-loaded pushers and a cam rigidly connected to said Hose and kinematically connected with the appropriate clutch control unit with the possibility of its activation upon completion twisting cycle of the elastic element. 3. Energy recuperator in PP. I and 2, characterized in that the actuating mechanism of each controllable coupling is made in the form of a 99 Cylindrical spring, one end of which is fixed to the fixed coupling half of each coupling, and the second end of it with several turns covers the moving coupling half, while the internal diameter of the spring is in a free state less than the outer diameter of the movable coupling half. and II O J S 2 Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate N605050, cl. F 16 H 33/02, 1978.

2. Authors certificate of the USSR N 388909, cl. B 30 B 1/06, 19b5,

3. US patent number 2935899, cl. , I960 (prototype). JB J4 ZP6 P ML

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