SU920322A1 - Cyclone furnace for regeneration of waste materials - Google Patents

Description

(5) CYCLONE FURNACE FOR REGULATION OF SPENT

: MATERIALS

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The invention relates to devices for the fire disposal of industrial waste and can be used in the chemical, petrochemical, medical industry in the regeneration of valuable solid substances - spent catalysts, adsorbents, ion exchangers and

etc. ; , The return of materials to the process greatly increases cost-effectiveness and is useful from a sanitary point of view. However, as a rule, the spent adsorbents - catalysts, ion exchangers - finely dispersed, activated carbon, silica-copper alloy, ion-exchange resins, contain organic substances involved in or formed in the main process, and to return the adsorbent or catalyst to the process knowledge Most

A universal and reliable method for their elimination is fire, in which organic impurities are oxidized at a high temperature.

Known devices of drum and layer types for the fire disposal of solid waste G P.

However, the known devices have the disadvantages inherent in the layered combustion method — low specific

10 heat and weight load, high heat loss. In addition, in these devices due to their leakage it is impossible to maintain certain conditions, for example,

15 of the reducing atmosphere required to preserve valuable material in the process of neutralizing unwanted components. The furnaces have better characteristics, higher specific loads, the possibility of creating directed atmospheres, however, the operation of these devices is limited by the temperature factor, since in the presence of fusible () materials or contaminants often found in chemical technology, at the temperatures required for complete decontamination of organic matter. apply- This, the gas distribution grids are melted down and the furnace goes out of order. The design of cyclone furnaces allows working in a wide range of temperatures, with high specific loads, in any phase state of the material being processed. However, from the point of view (; (and the joint process of regeneration and decontamination of these structures are characterized by, in particular, the difficulty of organizing the reduction and oxidation zones required, respectively, for the regeneration of the target material and the oxidation of harmful impurities within one flue system.:,, ,, ..., ...,; The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a cyclone furnace containing a cylindrical body with tangential nozzles for the introduction of material and fuel, a bottom cylindrical hollow insert having an upper exhaust pipe, an annular cavity formed by enclosures and an internal insert, windows for transferring gas from the annular cavity to the internal insert, secondary air nozzles located 0 above the cavity of the fuel and material nozzles, 0 5 2.5 of the inner diameter of the insert, directed inside the hollow insert 2.::.: A disadvantage of the known cyclonic p.ch. process of neutralization of toxic organic impurities. The purpose of the invention is to ensure complete disposal during regeneration of waste materials. The goal is achieved by the fact that, in a cyclone furnace containing a cylindrical body with tangentially located nozzles for introducing material and fuel, an internal hollow cylindrical insert with an upper exhaust pipe, an annular chamber formed by the walls of the case and an Internal FLY cylindrical insert, gas passage openings connecting the annular a chamber with an inner insert, and secondary air nozzles directed inward of the insert, secondary air nozzles are located between the gas passage windows and are 0.3-0.3 heights above them it, and the bottom of the annular chamber, are made in the form of alternating tides, inside which there are nozzles of secondary air, and openings, which pass into gas outlets. The lower cut of the gas passage windows is made inclined towards the inner hollow cylindrical insert. Such a device design permits the regeneration of valuable material and the neutralization of organic pollutants. In the drawing there is a cyclone furnace for the regeneration of waste materials, section AA. The cyclone furnace includes a housing 1, an annular cavity 2 formed by the enclosures of the housing and the inner hollow cylindrical insert 3 of the material and fuel injection nozzles and 5 located tangentially to the inner circumference of the housing 1, the upper gas exhaust pipe b, the secondary air nozzles 7 located between the gas passage windows 8 at high tides 9 and holes 10 in the bottom 11 of the annular chamber, which pass through 8 gas windows. The cyclone furnace works as follows. , In the annular / cavity 2 through the nozzles and 5, the material and fuel with air, respectively, are introduced in a ratio sufficient to create a reducing medium in the cavity. In the annular cavity in a vortex flow of flue gases at high temperature, organic impurities are removed from the surface and from the pores of the material particles, evaporated and partially oxidized. At the same time, the target material itself is not oxidized or is slightly oxidized. The treated particles of solid material through the holes 10 and the windows 8 are removed from the device. Gaseous high-temperature products of incomplete combustion of fuel and non-oxidized organic impurities through the holes 10 and the window 8 fall into the inner hollow cylindrical

insert 3. where it is mixed with air introduced by nozzles of secondary air 7 so that it is not in contact with the treated and solid material. As a result of mixing high-temperature gases with air, the products of underburning and organic pollutants are oxidized within the limits of the internal hollow cylindrical insert 3- Neutral neutral gases that do not contain harmful impurities are removed from the gas outlet pipe 6. The secondary air nozzles pass in the tides of 9 the bottom of the 11th annular chamber. This prevents them from contact with combustible gaseous products and hard, hot material. Secondary air nozzles are positioned between windows 8 and above to protect target C) 6 banned material from contact with air. The minimum height of the nozzles above the gas passage windows is O, .3 the height of the window, which ensures that there is no diffusion of air into the gases in the area of the target product. The maximum height is the height of the windows. With a greater distance between the secondary air nozzles and the upper cut of the window, the height of the tide in the bottom of the annular chamber significantly increases and, accordingly, the working circular annular chamber and the hollow internal insert decrease.

Performing nozzles of the secondary aoz of the spirit at the beginning of the hollow annular sctasc (along the gases) makes it possible to organize the oxidation of harmful organic impurities within the jyt body and at the same time protect the target solid material from oxidation ..;

The tides at the bottom of the annular chamber allow the supply of secondary air, not intersected by air nozzles in the high-temperature zone. Tilted

the lower forming gas passage ports facilitates the rapid transportation of the target product from the reduction zone, and the oxidation zone.

Claims (2)

1. Cyclone furnace for regeneration of waste materials, containing a cylindrical body with tangentially located nozzles for introducing material and fuel, an internal hollow cylindrical insert with an upper exhaust pipe, an annular chamber formed by the walls of the case and an internal hollow cylindrical fitting, gas passage windows connecting the annular a chamber with an inner insert, and secondary air nozzles directed inward of the insert, in order to ensure fullness is neutralized when regenerating waste materials, secondary air nozzles are placed between the bypass windows and above them by 0,, 5 window heights, and the bottom of the annular chamber is made in the form of alternating tides, inside which there are secondary air nozzles, and openings that pass into the gas passage window. 2. A furnace according to claim 1, in accordance with the fact that the lower section of the gas transmission windows is inclined towards the inner hollow cylindrical insert. Information sources, in case of examination 1. Thermal methods of waste disposal. Ed. Bogushev. Sk. K.N. And Bespam tnova GP L., Chemistry, t975, s. . .2. USSR author's certificate №, cl. F 23 G 5/00, 197 (prototype).