SU920114A1

SU920114A1 - Method of constructing a pile foundation

Info

Publication number: SU920114A1
Application number: SU802934265A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Евгений Митрофанович Семижонов; Гарольд Григорьевич Аграновский
Original assignee: Харьковское Отделение Проектного Института "Теплоэлектропроект"; Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт гидротехники им.Б.Е.Веденеева
Priority date: 1980-05-30
Filing date: 1980-05-30
Publication date: 1982-04-15

Description

Изобретение относится к строительству и может быть использовано при возведении свайных фундаментов.The invention relates to construction and can be used in the construction of pile foundations.

Известен способ возведения свайного фундамента, включающий погружение свай в грунт, бетонирование ростверка с оо- ⁵тавлением вокруг каждой сваи зазора, который после набора бетоном ростверка необходимой прочности 'замоноличивают [13 . _w Known pile foundation construction method comprising immersing piles into the ground, concrete grillage with oo- ⁵ tavleniem gap around each pile, which is set after the necessary strength concrete grillage 'zamonolichivayut [13. _w

Однако способ возведения свайного фундамента характеризуется недостаточной несущей способностью, так как в нем передача части нагрузок на грунт под ростверком осуществляется путем ста— тиЧбского нагружения грунта массой ростверка и частью массы сооружения, причем после достижения в подстилающем ростверк грунте Допустимых напряжений необходимо выполнить омоноличивание свай _ми выдержать бетон омоноличивания до достижения им необходимой прочности. Это усложняет работы и удлиняет сроки строительства.However, the method of erection of a pile foundation characterized by insufficient bearing capacity, since it load transmission parts on the ground under grillage accomplished by loading sta- tiChbskogo soil mass grillage structures and part of the mass, and after reaching a subsurface soil grillage allowable stresses must perform concreting piles and _m to withstand concrete monolithic until they achieve the necessary strength. This complicates the work and lengthens the construction time.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому по технической сущности и достигаемому результату является способ возведения свайного фундамента, включающий погружение в грунт свай, изготовление на поверхности грунта плиТы растверка с оставлением зазоров вокруг каждой сваи, обжатие плиты в грунте с помощью pabпорных приспособлений и замоноличивание зазоров вокруг каждой сваи. Обжатие плиты ростверка в грунт осуществляют с помощью инвентарной балки, которую после замоноличивання зазоров удаляют f 27 .The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a method of constructing a pile foundation, including immersion in piles of soil, making slab slabs on the soil surface with leaving gaps around each pile, squeezing the slab in the ground with pab support devices and filling gaps around each pile. The compression of the grillage slab into the ground is carried out using an inventory beam, which, after filling the gaps, remove f 27.

Недостатком такого способа возведения фундамента является необходимость использования инвентарной балки, не являющейся элементом ростверка вследствие чего сроки монтажа увеличиваются.The disadvantage of this method of construction of the foundation is the need to use an inventory beam, which is not an element of the grillage, as a result of which the installation time is increased.

Цель изобретения - ускорение проиэ*· водства работ.The purpose of the invention is the acceleration of production * · work.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в способе возведения свайного фун— дамента, включющем погружение в грунт свай, изготовление на поверхности грунта плиты ростверка с оставлением зазоров вокруг каждой сваи, обжатие плиты в грунте с помощью распорных приспо- 5 соблений и замоноличивание зазоров вокруг каждой сваи, при погружении свай их головы располагают над поверхностью грунта, а изготовление плиты |ростверка осуществляют путем бетони- 10 рования на поверхности грунта подушки высотой, меньшей высоты выступающих частей свай, размещения на ней распор'ных приспособлений и установки на них и на головы свай сборного элемента, ⁰ 15 причем одновременно с замонопичиванием зазоров вокруг каждой сваи осуществляют замоноличивание зазора между подушкой и сборным элементом, после чего распорные приспособления удаляют. 20This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of erecting a pile foundation, including dipping into the soil of piles, making grill slabs on the soil surface with leaving gaps around each pile, compressing the slab in the ground with spacers and locking gaps around each pile , when the piles are immersed, their heads are placed above the soil surface, and the manufacture of the slab | grillage is carried out by concreting on the soil surface pillows with a height lower than the height of the protruding parts of the piles, Ia thereon raspor'nyh devices and installation of the head piles and the collecting element 15 and simultaneously ⁰ zamonopichivaniem with clearance around each pile performed embedment gap between the cushion and the collecting member, after which the spacer devices are removed. 20

На фиг. 1 изображен свайный фундамент со сваями, подушкой и сборным элементом в процессе сооружения; на фиг. 2 - то же, вид А-А на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 - свайный фундамент с установ- 25 ленными распорными приспособлениями; на фиг. 4 - то же, с замоноличенными зазорами.In FIG. 1 shows a pile foundation with piles, a pillow and a prefabricated element in the process of construction; in FIG. 2 is the same, view AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - pile foundation with installed spacers; in FIG. 4 - the same, with monopolized gaps.

Предлагаемый свайный фундамент возводят следующим образом. 30The proposed pile foundation is erected as follows. thirty

Сваи 1 погружают в грунт, после чего сооружают на грунте подушку 2 с оставлением зазора 3 между каждой сваей 1 и подушкой 2. Затем устанавливают сборный элемент 4 с обеспечением зазо- jj ра между ним и подушкой 2. После достижения подушкой 2 и сборным элементом 4 необходимой прочности создают между подушкой 2 и сборным элементом 4 вертикальное распорное усилие, например при помощи гидравлических или винтовых домкратов 5 или клиновых уст.ройств. После достижения в грунте под подушкой 2 допустимых напряжений заполняют зазор между подушкой 2 и сбор- ₄₅ным элементом 4 и зазоры вокруг свай твердеющим материалом 6, например бетоном, После достижения твердеющим материалом необходимой прочности распорное усилие снимают. Затем производят нагружение свайного фундамента полезной нагрузкой.Piles 1 are immersed in the ground, after which a pillow 2 is built on the ground, leaving a gap 3 between each pile 1 and pillow 2. Then, a prefabricated element 4 is installed with a gap between it and the pillow 2. After reaching the pillow 2 and the collecting element 4 The necessary strength is created between the pillow 2 and the prefabricated element 4 vertical spacer force, for example using hydraulic or screw jacks 5 or wedge devices. After reaching the soil under the pillow 2 permissible stresses fill the gap between the cushion 2 and ₄₅ sbor- nym element 4 and the gaps around piles hardening material 6, such as concrete, after hardening material achieving the necessary strength expander force is removed. Then the pile foundation is loaded with the payload.

В результате создания вертикального распорного усилия между подушкой и сборным элементом создается контроля- $$ руемое предварительное обжатие грун та под ростверком , из него передается часть полезной нагрузки от сооружения, а сваи при этом разгружаются. В результате увеличивается несущая способность свайного фундамента на вертикальные нагрузки. Кроме того, за счет увеличения трения между ростверком и грунтом увеличивается сопротивление свайного фундамента горизонтальным нагрузкам. При применении предлагаемого способа для возведения свайных фундаментов под оборудование с динамическими нагрузками снижаются амплитуды вертикальных и горизонтальных колебаний фундамента благодаря повышенному упругому сопротивлению грунта под ростверком.As a result of creating a vertical spacer force between the cushion and the prefabricated element, a controlled preliminary compression of the soil under the grillage is created, part of the payload from the structure is transferred from it, and the piles are unloaded. As a result, the bearing capacity of the pile foundation for vertical loads increases. In addition, due to increased friction between the grillage and soil, the resistance of the pile foundation to horizontal loads increases. When applying the proposed method for the construction of pile foundations for equipment with dynamic loads, the amplitudes of vertical and horizontal vibrations of the foundation are reduced due to the increased elastic resistance of the soil under the grillage.

Поэтому в фундаменте может быть использовано меньшее количество свай или применены более короткие сваи.⁰ Therefore, fewer piles may be used in the foundation or shorter piles may be used. ⁰

Claims

The invention relates to buildings and can be used in the construction of pile foundations. There is a method of erecting a pile foundation, which includes immersing piles in the ground, concreting the grillage, leaving a gap around each pile, which, after the concrete grillage has set, with the necessary strength, makes fl7 flush. However, the method of erection of a pile foundation is characterized by a lack of bearing capacity, since it transfers part of the load on the soil under the grillage by static loading of the soil with a growing weight and part of the sfraction mass, and after reaching the allowable stresses in the underlying soil grating, it is necessary to perform piles and allow the concrete to be folded until it reaches the required strength. This complicates the work and lengthens the construction time. The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a method of erecting a pile foundation, which includes immersing piles in the ground, making a mortar on the surface of the pile, and leaving gaps around each pile, crimping the substructures in the ground using par (porous devices and fixing gaps) around each Svan. Compression of the grillage plate into the ground is carried out using an inventory beam, which, after filling the gaps, y / f is sent f 21. The disadvantage of this method of building the foundation This is the need to use a built-in beam, not a tromboe and amp; l that the installation time increases. p. The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the production of the work. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of erection of a pile funnel, including the immersion of piles, production on noiiepxHocTH ground plate of the grillage, leaving gaps around each pile, crimping the plate in the ground with the help of spacer fixtures and filling the gaps around each pile with monolith, having their heads submerged t above the ground surface, and the manufacture of the slab (the grillage is carried out by concreting a pillow on the ground surface. height, lower height of the protruding parts of the pile, placing spacers on it and installing prefabricated elements on them and on the piles of the piles, and simultaneously with filling the gaps around each pile, the gap between the cushion and the prefab is made, after which the spacers remove . FIG. Figure 1 shows a pile pile; / cd with its pile, cushion and prefabricated element during the construction process; in fig. 2 is the same, view A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 — pile foundation with installed spacers; in fig. 4 - the same, with embedded gaps. The proposed pile foundation is constructed as follows. Piles 1 are immersed in the ground, after which a cushion 2 is built on the ground with the addition of a gap 3 between each pile 1 and cushion 2. Then prefabricated element 4 is installed, ensuring a gap between it and cushion 2. After reaching the cushion 2 and prefabricated element 4 strengths create a vertical thrust force between the cushion 2 and the prefabricated element 4, for example, using hydraulic jacks or screws 5 or wedge devices. After reaching the ground under the cushion 2, the allowable stresses fill the gap between the cushion 2 and the collecting element 4 and the gaps around the piles with hardening material 6, nugrimer with concrete. After the hardening material reaches the required strength, the thrust force is removed. Then, the pile foundation is loaded with a payload. As a result of the creation of a vertical thrust force between the cushion and the precast element, a controlled preliminary compression of the ground 44 is created under the grillage, to which a portion of the payload is transferred from the structure, while the piles are unloaded. As a result, the load bearing capacity of the pile foundation is increased by vertical loads. In addition, by increasing the friction between the grillage and the ground, the resistance of the pile foundation to horizontal loads is increased. When applying the proposed method for erecting pile foundations for instrumentation with dynamic loads, the amplitudes of the vertical and horizontal vibrations of the foundation are liquefied due to the increased elastic resistance of the soil under the grillage. Therefore, fewer piles can be used in the foundation or shorter piles are used. Claims The method of erecting a pile foundation, including immersing piles in the ground, making a grillage plate on the surface of an i-run, leaving gaps around each pile, crimping the plate in the ground using spacers and setting up gaps around each pile, characterized in that speeding up, when the piles are immersed, their heads are placed above the ground surface, and the making of the grillage plate is carried out by concreting a pillow on the ground surface with a height lower than ots of protruding parts of piles, placement of spacer devices on it and installation of piling elements on them and on the heads, and simultaneously with monolithing gaps around each pile, monolithing the gap between the cushion and the prefabricated element is carried out, after which the spacer adapts the information sources taken into account during examination), 1. USSR author's certificate No. 312О16, кп. E 02J) 27/20, E 02 J5 19 / O2, 1968.

2. Certificate of CCCF on application No. 2934248 / 29-33, cn, J 02 J3 27/20, 1980.

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