SU917945A1 - Ejection chuck - Google Patents

Description

(54) EJECTION CARTRIDGE

one

The invention relates to the machining of materials, namely, devices for securing parts.

A ejection cartridge is known, in the core of which a cavity with a conical annular slot communicating with the atmosphere is made in communication with a source of compressed air, and the supporting support plates 1 are made at the working end of the housing.

Large parts are not securely fastened in this cartridge. :

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of fixing parts by increasing the clamping force.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the cartridge is provided with hollow cylinders mounted one inside the other, forming annular chambers between them, and chamfers forming an arcuate annular slot on each enclosing and enclosing cylinders; The supporting support plates are sectioned around the perimeter of each working cylinder end.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the cartridge; in fig. 2 - the same, type of transverse;

in fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the central part, the cartridge.

The cartridge contains a body 2 rigidly fixed on the plate 1 of a turning or grinding machine, the end surface of which from the side of the plate is made multi-stage. The number of steps of this surface is determined constructively depending on the geometric dimensions of the cartridge.

At each of the steps of the casing 2, the constricted hollow cylinders 3-6 are rigidly fixed relative to each other with the end surfaces so that their opposite end surfaces lie in the same plane and form the working end of the cartridge. In this case, the working end of the cylinder 6 can be made both with a through central hole (FIG. 1) and with a closed end (FIG. 3).

All cylinders are installed one inside the other so that annular chambers 7-9 are formed between external and internal cylindrical surfaces, respectively, of the circumscribed and circumscribing cylinders, to which compressed air is supplied from a source (not shown) that is individual for each chamber. For the individual supply of compressed air to the chambers 7-9 serves hollow camshaft 10, the shape of which is made grooves 11 and which is rigidly installed in another, covering it, the shaft 12. In this case, the shaft 10 assembled with the shaft 12 is installed in the central hole of the housing 2 so that the grooves 11 coincide with the radial holes 13 formed along the generatrix of the shaft 12, which, in turn, communicate with the annular grooves 14 formed in the internal opening of the housing 2. In addition, each of the grooves 14 is permanently connected dstvom holes 15 with its annular chamber 7, 8 or 9. Thus, each of the cells 7-9 communicates with a source of compressed air by means not associated with other network channel, which provides a serial or parallel connection in their work. On the other hand, the atmosphere is communicated by means of chamfers arranged at the working end of the cartridge and chamfered on the female and female cylinders of the conical annular slots 16 and 18 of the same section. The slots for the purpose of saving compressed air are arcuate (Fig. 2). On the end surfaces of the cylinders 35 (on the working end of the cartridge), in order to provide the base part 19, there are support base plates 20 whose working surfaces are in the same plane and height n increases the width of the arcuate annular slots 16-18, measured normal to their walls. Plates are placed sectionally around the perimeter of each working end of the cylinder and have a streamlined shape (Fig. 2). In order to prevent radial displacement of the part 19 during its processing, radially movable stops 21 are provided at the working end of the cartridge, the screw locking of which allows them to be set in a predetermined position determined by the shape of the part 19. The height of the stops does not exceed the thickness of the workpiece. The operation of the ejection cartridge consists in sequential or parallel supply of compressed air to the annular chambers to create the aerodynamic force of attracting parts to the working end of the cartridge. At the same time, the aerodynamic effect of attraction ensures reliable gripping and keeping the parts from twisting when exposed to cutting forces arising during processing. Consider the case when the central part of the cartridge is activated, and the compressed air is supplied through the groove 11 and the hole 13 to the annular recess 14, and then through the holes 15 to the annular cylindrical chamber 9. From the chamber 9, the compressed air flows into the atmosphere through arcuate annular slots 18 formed by chamfers covered 5 and covering 6 cylinders. The compressed air flowing out of the slots 18 refracts on the surface of the part 19 installed on the working end of the cartridge, and in the gap between the end of the cartridge and the detail forming the plane, flat radial flows are formed, under the action of which attractive forces appear in the flow section. In addition, due to the ejection of the air flowing out of the slots 18 at the closed end of cylinder 6 (FIG. 3), i.e. a vacuum is formed on the surface of the conical gap covered by arcs. Due to the occurrence of a vacuum in the zone of the end face of the cylinder 6 and the forces of attraction under the action of sectoral air flows occurring in the zone between the part 19 and the rest of the cartridge end, the part is pressed against the support plates 20 and the frictional forces arising at the points of contact of the parts with these plates are reliably held from cranking. In the case when the cylinder 6 is made with a central through hole (Fig. 1), due to the ejection of the sectoral flows, there is an intense suction of atmospheric air through this hole into the gap between the working end of the cartridge and the part 19, which also contributes to the appearance of attractive force. Radial displacement during processing in both cases the part is held by radially movable lugs 21. Similarly, subsequent aerodynamic suckers are included in the operation, for example, in case of need to increase the attractive force caused by the shape or dimensions of the parts, the size of the cut, etc. Work other ring cameras. Compressed air from the source is supplied to the network channels 7 or 8 by individual network channels, like the camera 9, and then, from there, through the tapered slots, 16 or 17, respectively, expire into the gap between the part and the end of the cartridge. Under the influence of the aerodynamic effect of attraction, which, as in the first case, consists of the attracting effect of radial sector air flows in the gap between the part and the end of the cartridge, and either a vacuum arising in the area of surfaces covered by gaps 16 and 17, of which jets of air (Fig. 1) or a suction effect from a decrease in pressure on the same surfaces, from an outflow of intake air through a normally open (Fig. 3) hole of the cylinder 6, the part 19 is pressed to the ends of the plates 2C and the friction forces hold aets against rotation. It should be noted that constructive execution of arcuate annular slots placed at different diameters can control the action of the aerodynamic effects of attraction. In addition, it is possible to connect two, three or all cameras simultaneously. For this purpose, compressed air from the source is supplied through the network channels simultaneously to chambers 7-9, and then exhausts simultaneously through Gaps 16; -18. The compressed air flowing out of all the cracks in the gap between the face plane of the part and the end of the cartridge also creates attracting forces. They consist of the force of attraction from a vacuum arising at the center of the working end of the cartridge and the drawing force from the outflow in the gap between the ends of the cartridge and the part of all radial sector air flows. In this case, a more intensive cooling of the part is achieved during the period of its processing, as well as fixing and processing in the cartridge of larger blanks than with successive switching of the chambers. Due to such a performance of the cartridge, the reliability of fixing flat parts in the cartridge with a wide range of sizes and structural forms, including corrugated, with through windows, and

eleven

f /

Claims (1)

8 also with a central protrusion, since the cartridge has a central bore. The invention The ejection cartridge, in the case of which the cavity communicates with a source of compressed air with a conical annular slot communicating with the atmosphere, and supporting plates are made on the working end of the case, in order to increase the reliability of fixing parts equipped with hollow cylinders installed one in another, which form annular chambers between themselves, and on each surrounding and covered cylinders from the working end face are made front and forming the arcuate annular gap, wherein the bearing basing shelfplasty arranged sectionally on perimet. py each working end of the cylinder. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 515592, cl. On 23 May 31/30, 1973.