SU916725A1 - Construction - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the construction and can be used in single-storey agricultural production and storage facilities.

Known precast concrete structure having a shape of the arch. Such structures are assembled from prefabricated elements of the type of hyperbolic shells or KZHS slabs, resting below on the foundation and connected to it, and at the top connected to each other in welding through embedded parts [1].

The disadvantage of this construction is a complex manufacturing technology of prefabricated elements of the arch. In addition, in the case of the use of prefabricated elements of the vault in the form of hyperbolic shells, difficulties arise with their transportation, caused by the need to give these shells sufficient rigidity and strength during the transportation period. To do this, they must either be chipped into smaller elements and pre-assembled at the construction site, or the shells must be transported with steel puffs removed after their installation. With

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The use of QLS plates eliminates these transportation difficulties, however, this increases their material consumption as compared with hyperbolic shells, since the forces arising during transferring, where are, are calculated5. KZHS slabs work on bending, and then in the construction of the arch of the KZH building they work with a considerable margin of safety.

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The closest to the proposed is a structure in the form of a vault, in which the prefabricated elements are made of flexible prestressed concrete slabs, which, due to their 15 flexibility, are given a curvature corresponding to the shape of the vault, which is then preserved by stiffeners placed at the joints of the plates and connected to [2].

20 A disadvantage of the known construction is the need to manufacture, transport and install stiffeners that provide the design form of the vault. The purpose of the invention is to reduce material consumption.

916725

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the building in the form of a vault, formed from a pair of flexible reinforced concrete prestressed slabs, the lower part of which is supported on the foundation, and the upper part are interconnected, each pair being connected to the next with the help of embedded parts placed on the lateral parts of the plates , the joints between the plates of adjacent pairs are overlapped, while the sides of the plates of odd pairs are overlapped by the side parts of the plates of even pairs.

FIG. 1 shows the construction, cross section; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 - section A — A in FIG. one; in fig. 4 — node I in FIG. 3 (option).

The building has foundations 1, curvilinear flexible reinforced concrete prestressed slabs 2 and 3. Plates of adjacent pairs are connected with embedded parts 4 and 5 located on the sides of the plates.

The prestressed reinforced concrete flexible slabs 2 and 3 are given a curvilinear shape corresponding to the shape of the roof. In general, the building in the form of a vault is formed from separate parts formed from pairs of plates 2 and 3. In each such pair, the bottom of the plates is supported on the foundation 1 and connected to it, and at the top of the plates 2 and 3 are interconnected. In the common sequence of pairs of plates forming the building, pairs of plates 2 are conventionally called even, and pairs of plates 3 are odd.

The junction between the plates of adjacent pairs is overlapped so that the sides of the plates of odd pairs are overlapped with the sides of the plates of even pairs. Connections between the plates of adjacent pairs are made through embedded plates in welding - in plates 2 plates 4, and in plates 3 plates 5. These embedded plates are placed discretely along the sides of the plates. The connection between the plates 2 ή 3 can be made in any other known manner, for example on bolts, passed through the corresponding holes in the plates. Before joining the plates together, they are flexible elements, and after joining, a structure is formed, the flexural rigidity of which increases significantly due to an increase in the corresponding moment of inertia. For example, if the lateral parts of the plates 2 are placed above the lateral parts of the plates 3, then the moment of inertia of the shell of the roof about its neutral axis will increase eight times. This is sufficient to ensure that despite the production of a set of flexible slabs, its rigidity is ensured without the device of special stiffeners. If necessary (for example, at high loads on the arch

or large spans) the moment of inertia of the casing can be further increased by placing plates 2 and 3 with a gap and connecting them to each other through plate 6. Parts 4, 5 and 6 connecting plates 2 and 3 to each other perceive shear forces between the plates. Therefore, the spacing of these parts along the sides of flexible plates, their cross-section, the strength of welds (or the strength of bolts) is determined on the basis of shear forces.

Manufacturing technology and installation of structures has the following sequence.

All elements of the building are manufactured at the factory and delivered to the construction site. The peculiarity of transportation of reinforced concrete prestressed plates 2 and 3 is that they can be transferred by packages on special trailers, the surface of which has a curvilinear shape corresponding to the curvature of the elements of the arch. Consequently, the flexible reinforced concrete slabs 2 and 3 delivered in this manner are shaped, which must be preserved in all intermediate installation operations. While the plate pack is on the trailer, the plate's design form is maintained under its own weight. Removal of the plate from the trailer and all further operations with it are performed with the help of a traverse, which provides not only the necessary form of the flexible plate, but also its integrity. It is advisable to organize the work in such a way that the installation of the building should be carried out "from the wheels", without performing intermediate storage operations.

Thus, each plate is mounted with a cross-beam, which is removed after ensuring its rigidity of the plate by connecting it with adjacent plates. The number of traverse depends on the organization of work. For example, when mounting using temporary scaffolding, two traverses are required. It uses a simpler and less material-intensive tooling. The high flexibility of the slab and its high crack resistance (due to the prestressing of the reinforcement) ensures the integrity of the slabs during transportation.

The possibility of transporting slabs in packages (from 2 to 6-7 in one package) several times increases the productivity of vehicles.

The main advantage of the proposed facility is to ensure the rigidity of the vault without the installation of special elements of stiffness, which can significantly reduce its consumption of materials and labor intensity. In general, taking into account the factors outlined, the cost of the building can be reduced to 10-15%.

916725

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Claims (1)

Claim The structure in the form of a vault formed from pairs of flexible reinforced concrete prestressed slabs, the lower part of which is supported on the foundation, and the upper 5 are interconnected, each pair being connected with the subsequent one with the help of embedded parts located on the lateral parts of the plates, characterized in that in order to reduce material consumption, the joints between the plates of neighboring pairs ¹⁰ 6 made overlap, while the sides of the plates of odd pairs are blocked by the sides of the plates of even pairs.