SU915146A1 - Current collector - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to devices for transmitting electrical signals вращ from rotating objects to stationary measuring devices.

In recent years, in connection with the development of electric machines with superconducting and hyperconducting windings requiring control of their temperature state, it has become necessary to create high-speed low-noise collector devices that can transmit sensor signals without prior amplification.

Known current collectors containing a shaft with contact rings, to which the brushes are pressed by means of springs [1).

The disadvantage of current collectors with spring pressing of brushes is the lack of possibility or laboriousness of changing the pressing force of brushes, which must be changed depending on the power and type of transmitted

2

signal speed shaft and other conditions about

Also known current collector, in which the brush is pressed against the ring by means of a hydraulic cylinder, the pressure in which is created by a centrifugal pump mounted on the shaft [2].

This device allows you to change the pressure of the brush, however, has a complex structure.

A current collector containing brushes, a shaft with contact rings, mounted in a housing with a chamber bounded by an elastic membrane and communicating with a pressure source [3) is known,

The known current collector consists of a housing in which a shaft with contact rings is mounted on bearings. In the case there is a chamber in which an elastic membrane is installed. The chamber cavity above the membrane is sealed and communicates with the pressure source, and below the membrane in the body guides

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pushers are placed, each of which at one end touches the membrane, and the second with a leaf spring with a brush attached to it.

In the initial state, the brush is held by the leaf spring in the neutral position and does not come into contact with the slip ring. To bring the brushes into working position, gas is supplied under overpressure into the supermembrane cavity, the membrane bends and presses the brushes to the slip rings through the pushers.

This design provides the ability to create optimal operating conditions of the current collector, as it allows you to lift the brushes and adjust the force of their pressing to the slip rings.

A disadvantage of the known construction is the absence of a rigid connection between the circuit elements: a diaphragm - a pusher - a leaf spring, which causes a wide range of natural vibration frequencies and, as a result, a low vibration stability of the current collector. The impact of vibration, both due to the inherent residual imbalance of the current collector shaft, and transmitted from the object on which the current collector is installed, leads to mechanical excitation of the current collector elements, whereby the stability of the contact between the brush and the ring is lost, and in the measuring circuits significant interference occurs which may exceed the value of the useful signal.

In addition, due to the finite amount of membrane compliance, edge effects appear and the conditions for pressing the brushes to the contact rings depend on the axial coordinate.

This circumstance also reduces the quality of signal transmission, being a source of additional errors.

In real conditions, as a rule, non-simultaneous interrogation of all measuring circuits, as well. alternate. Therefore, to the drawbacks of the current collector. It should also include the impossibility of separate control of brushes or groups of brushes, since each brush is in contact with the ring throughout, interrogating all the measuring circuits, which reduces

life of the current collector as a whole. In addition, the placement of all brushes on one common membrane negatively affects the vibration resistance of the current collector, since the vibration of any one brush through the membrane is transmitted to everyone else.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the vibration resistance of the current collector, ensuring identical conditions for pressing the brushes and the possibility of independent control of certain groups of brushes

This goal is achieved by the fact that the brushes are attached to the membrane and mounted on guides that are made in the housing.

Moreover, the membrane is divided into independent parts of each other, to the center of each of which is attached a brush.

In addition, the chamber is divided into non-communicating cavities, each of which communicates with a pressure source through a control device.

In this case, cylindrical, conical or cup-shaped depressions are made coaxial to the brushes adjacent to the membrane surface of the housing.

Moreover, the membrane is attached to the body plane adjacent to it.

The drawing shows the proposed current collector, a General view.

The current collector includes a housing consisting of a base 1 and a cover 2.

At the base of the housing, a shaft 4 is mounted on bearings 3 with contact rings 5 = The lid 2 of the housing is provided with a chamber 6 bounded by a membrane 7. Brushes 8 attached to the diaphragm are mounted in guides made in the base 1.

In the surface of the housing 1 adjacent to the membrane 7, coaxial grooves 9 are made coaxial to the brushes, thereby achieving separation of the membrane into independent portions. For a more reliable separation, the membrane 7 can be glued to the surface of the base 1 adjacent to it. Chamber 6 is divided into cavities that do not communicate with each other, each of which is connected to a pressure source through a control device (the latter are not shown in the drawing).

The device works as follows.

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In the initial state of the brush 8 hold ·

live by membrane 7 in neutral

position and not in contact with contact rings 5. To remove the signal from any group of brushes in 5

the corresponding cavity of chamber 6 through the control unit gas is supplied from a pressure source, the membrane 7 above the recess 9 bends and presses the brushes 8 to the contact Yu rings 5. After polling, the gas from the cavity is released, the membrane 7 returns to its original position and lifts the brushes 8.

In the proposed design, thanks to * 5, by directly attaching the brushes to the membrane and dividing the membrane into independent sections, the spectrum of the natural frequencies of oscillation of the current collector elements is already 20 already than the known ones, which will provide ^ va.t high vibration resistance of the current collector. At the same time, the mutual influence of the brushes from each other and the excitation of the vibration of all brushes under the influence of 25 vibrations of one of them are excluded. The influence of edge effects is also excluded, which ensures the identical pressing of all brushes in each group. Furthermore, the possibility of separate control groups zo brushes can increase the life of the current collector, as in the time through one of the groups of brushes is removal information, the rest of the brush ₃₅ are in the neutral position will not undergo wear.

Claims (5)

hell claims 1. Current collector containing brushes, shaft with contact rings, mounted in the housing with a camera, limited. 6 valuable elastic membrane and communicating with a pressure source, characterized in that, in order to ensure vibration resistance, brushes are attached to the membrane and mounted on guides that are made in the housing. 2. The current collector according to Claim. 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure identical conditions for pressing the brushes, the membrane is divided into sections that are independent of each other, to the center of each of which is attached a brush. 3. The current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to enable independent control of individual groups of brushes, the chamber is divided into cavities that do not communicate with each other, each of which through the control device communicated with the pressure source. 4. Current collector on π. 1 and 2, which is similar to the fact that cylindrical, conical or cup-shaped depressions are coaxial with the brushes in the surface of the housing adjacent to the membrane. 5. The current collector in PP 1, 2 and 4, differs in that the membrane is attached to the body plane adjacent to it.