SU912182A1 - Evaporation apparatus - Google Patents

Description

(5) STEAM DEVICE

one

The invention relates to heat engineering, namely to equipment for. evaporation of liquids.

Known vertical evaporators. devices with a feed tube along the axis and fluid distributors in height, made in the form of tangentially directed target nozzles inclined downwards tn.

Vertical film mass transfer apparatus are also known, in which coaxial perforated in height pipes for supply under pressure through perforations of gas or liquid are installed inside the tubes with a film flowing along them in order to turbulent the flow of film and intensify the process of mass exchange 2.

The main drawbacks of these film-type apparatuses are the limitation of the height of their heat exchange channels due to the increase in the trill-down of the flowing film along the length, as well as the additional energy consumption for

supply of evaporated liquid under pressure through perforations or slit | nozzles.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify heat exchange in evaporators with a large length of heating tubes by preventing the heating surface from being exposed.

The goal is achieved by the fact that each feed tube is equipped with an ejection nozzle installed in the annular space against the outlet openings for the solution.

Ejecting nozzles are equipped with mechanical swirlers, made in the form of blades mounted obliquely to the pipe axis.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed apparatus, a general view; in fig. 2 — node 1 in FIG. one; in fig. 3, node 11 on

M FIG. one; in fig. k is a section A-A in FIG. 3

Claims (2)

The device contains a vertical cylindrical body 1 with a conical 3 bottom 2, a heating chamber 3, a separation space and circulation pipes 5. Heating pipes 6 are fixed in tube sheets 7 and 8. Inside the heating pipes 6 there are placed top-fed pipes 9 suspended from the pipe grid 7 by means of rods 10 attached to the plugs 11. The pipes 9 have, at heights corresponding to the start of exposure of the heating surface, openings 12 for supplying the evaporated liquid to the heating pipes 6. In the spaces between the pipes 6 and 9 coaxially with it holes 12 against mounted ejecting nozzles 13. On the inner surface on the spreading nozzles yu1.tseys downstream side are T mechanical swirlers made in the form of blades disposed at corner breakage to the tube axis. In the lower part of the apparatus contains the nozzles 15 and 16, respectively, for the supply and removal of the evaporated solution. In the upper part of the apparatus there is a reflective umbrella 17 and a pipe 18 for the removal of secondary steam. The heating steam enters the apparatus through nozzles 19. The apparatus works as follows. . The solution to be evaporated enters the heating pipes 6 and the feed pipes 9 through the pipe 15. Zakipa in the pipes 6, the solution rises upwards through them. At the same time, the vapor content of the solution increases continuously, and the velocity of the vapor-liquid stream also increases. When the flow reaches a steam content close to critical, it passes through the ejection nozzle 13 specially installed at this height and ejects an additional amount of liquid from the pipes 9 through the holes 12. At the same time, the steam content of the solution decreases and the liquid is swirled onto the walls using the swirlers 1 heating tubes 6 immediately after passing the ejection nozzle 13. This prevents the heating surface from being exposed at a given height and the heat transfer coefficient to the liquid continues to remain high. The vapor-liquid mixture is discharged from the pipes 6 of the heating chamber 3 into the separation space k. Here, the steam is released and removed from the upper part of the apparatus 24, the nozzle 18, and the solution free of steam moves downward through the circulation pipes 5 and again enters the lower part of the heating tubes 6. The evaporated solution is removed from the lower part of the apparatus through the nozzle 16. The height the beginning of exposure of the heating surface of the heating pipes is calculated by the dependencies known in heat engineering. If it is necessary to further increase the length of the heating pipe 6, it is possible to install several ejecting nozzles along the height of the pipe 6 with a corresponding elongation dpityvayuschih pipe 9 with openings 12. The use of the proposed design evaporator fed solution was evaporated adjustment heating tubes allows to increase the vapor flow rate and, accordingly, the intensity of heat exchange in the vehicle, prevent the exposure of heating surfaces and create dlinnotrubnye evaporators high unit capacity. Invention 1. A boiling apparatus comprising a cylindrical body, vertical heating tubes fixed in tube sheets, mounted in them feed tubes coaxially plugged from above with additional holes for addition of solution into heating tubes, characterized in that in order to intensify heat exchange by preventing bare surface heating, each feed pipe is provided with an ejecting nozzle installed in the annular space against the outlet holes for dissolving. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejecting nozzles are provided with mechanical vortices with taps made in the form of vanes mounted inclined to the axis of the pipe. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number, cl. B 01 D 1/22, 197. 2. USSR author's certificate number 278629, cl. B 01 D 3/28, (prototype), fieL 2 P