SU905741A1 - Method and device for determination cloud and fog water content - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to meteorology and can be used to determine the amount of droplet-liquid and crystalline moisture in clouds and mists, as well as in the field of mechanical engineering to determine the amount of droplet-liquid. moisture in artificially created mists during accelerated climatic tests.

There is a known method for determining the water content of clouds and fogs by heating a sample of moist air until the dropping moisture is evaporated to determine its quantity.

A device for carrying out this method is known, comprising a moisture-proof housing with a receiving tube, a piston with a rod mounted in the housing, a heating element and a thermometer located in the housing tl3.

The disadvantage of this method is the overheating of air in gases due to the inertia of the heaters, the difficulty of fusing the moment of complete evaporation of the droplets and the need for uniform

heating of the walls of the chambers, since uneven heating results in partial condensation of moisture, which requires additional heat to be supplied, due to which the clean air overheats.

Introduction of a heating control system to the device greatly complicates the design and does not completely eliminate the drawbacks of the method, since partial condensation of droplets can lead to a comparison of the photovoltaic signals before the evaporation of the suds and moisture, resulting in reduced measurement accuracy.

The purpose of the invention is the determination of accuracy.

The goal is achieved by measuring the change in the volume of the air sample, which is used to determine the amount of moisture in the sample.

Claims (2)

In addition, in order to increase the accuracy of the determinations by measuring the change in the sample volume of the test air, it is equipped with an additional piston and a graduated rod connected to it, and the main rod is hollow, with an additional piston with a graduated rod placed inside the main rod. The drawing shows schematically a device for carrying out the proposed method, a longitudinal section. The device contains a waterproof case 1, a receiving tube 2, a cover 3, a main 4 and an additional 5 pistons, a main 6 and 7 graduated rods, a heater 8 and a thermometer 9 located in the housing 9. The principle of the device’s operation is the following When the main piston 4 is moved, the cavity of the waterproof case 1 is filled is tested air. Then, the receiving tube 2 is sealed with a lid 3, a thermometer 9 measures the air sample temperature, takes readings from the graduated rod 7 and, turning on the heater 8, heats the air sample until complete evaporation of the condensed moisture, while the additional piston B with the graduated rod ball 7 is moved by expansion of the air and evaporation of the condensed moisture. Thereafter, readings are again taken from the graduated stem 7 and the thermometer 9. The water content is determined as follows. Do not take into account the volume that the drip liquid or crystalline moisture occupies at the initial moment, the state of the air under investigation is expressed by the equation for the mixture of gases (we have a mixture of air and water vapor) PV .. {i. ") RT, .. ,, HG When heated the test droplet-air (crystalline) air begins to evaporate and the moisture in the vapor increases. With the complete evaporation of the drip-liquid moisture, the Eshagi mass in the vapor increases by U and equal to the amount of the droplet-liquid (crystalline) moisture. Expression (1) takes the form. / M M., dM. .,) (-, PV. Whence UT,.-R l. The water content we seek is determined by the formula -J, M 1-) IV, -v, V "t. The proposed method for determining the water content allows measuring the water content without accurately recording the moment complete evaporation of the droplet-liquid (crystalline) moisture, and eliminates overheating of the air due to uneven heating, which measures the accuracy of measurements. Invention 1. A method for determining the water content of clouds and fogs by heating a sample of humid air until the dropping moisture evaporates and the amount of moisture is measured, about one hundred percent, and so that, in order to improve the accuracy of determinations, the change in sample volume, which determines the amount of moisture in the sample, 2. Device for implementation. A method according to claim 1, comprising a moisture-proof housing with a receiving tube, a piston with a rod, a heating element and a thermometer located in the housing, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of determinations by measuring the change in the sample volume of the test air, it is provided an additional piston and a graduated rod connected to it, and the main rod is made hollow, with which the additional piston with a graduated rod is placed inside the main rod. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Zaitsev V. A, Ledokhovich A. A. Devices and methods for studying clouds from an airplane. Hydromet. L., I960, p. 128 .XXNXWVsJ ts- V ///////// 777777.