SU901317A1 - Method of lead refining - Google Patents

Description

- The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to methods for refining lead. There is a known method in which the rough lead obtained from the processing of secondary lead raw materials is subjected to de-blending by segregation (coarse de-blending) by lowering the lead melt temperature from 600 to 650 to 330-340 ° C to obtain fat slips, and then at 330-340 ° C subtle disintegration is produced by interfering elemental sulfur in molten lead. In the resulting slips goes to,%: copper. 9899, mouse 65-70, antimony 5-7 and% of 1010% of their content in the refined alloy. L After removal of copper, lead is sent to an alkaline selective refining it from tin impurities and a mouse. Selective alkaline refining of lead from tin impurities and the mouse is carried out as follows. Lead in a steel boiler is heated to 470-520®С, a raffi is installed (a nipper apparatus, for example, a Gariss apparatus, into the reactor of which a mixture of NaOH 75.0% and NaCl 25.0% is loaded. When the lead is pumped through an alkaline mixture, oxidation of tin and mouse to the corresponding oxides, which dissolve well in the reaction mixture with the formation of alkaline tin-containing melts. These melts contain,%: Sn 10.022, 0, Sb 1.0-1.5, As 0.5-0.7 and Pb 2 , 0-2.5 and are sent for processing with the aim of extracting tin from them by the hydrometallurgical method. Indian add a calculated amount of antimony and prepare a lead-antimony alloy suitable for making batteries.Alkaline tin-containing melts are dissolved in condensate ip1 in cationized water to convert to a solution of tin in the form of stannate or sodium stannite and, accordingly, alkali. The solution is transferred to arsenic, antimony, and lead. To obtain marketable tin, the solutions are subjected to electrolysis, having previously purified them from impurities of antimony, lead, and arsenic. As practice shows, alkaline tin-containing solutions are satisfactorily cleaned with antimony and lead by known methods, and unsatisfactorily from arsenic 2J. This behavior of the mouse necessitates additional processing steps for stannate solutions, for example, when processing them with a tin sponge, satisfactory results are not obtained for cleaning solutions from this impurity. A method has not been developed for cleaning gtannatnyh solutions from arsenic, which contain more than 100 g / LYaON, without reducing the tin content in them. Its closest to the proposed technical solution is the method of lead refining, including its melting, blending and treatment with iron-containing material. According to this method, iron powder is melted and heated to 420 ° C in an amount of 2.0% by weight of the metal, and the mouse in the form of intermetallic compounds with metallic iron is transferred to the molds, which are removed from the surface of the melt. Lead is obtained with the desired Arsenic content. The disadvantages of the known method of refining lead from the mouse are the use of large quantities of expensive iron powder, the longer the process due to the low process temperature, an additional step is introduced into the process of refining lead from impurities to produce lead containing dross, which in turn leads to a decrease in lead extraction from raw materials to the commodity metal. The purpose of the invention is to increase the degree of refining and extraction of heavy non-ferrous metals. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of lead refining, including its melting, blending and melt processing with iron-containing material, the melt is treated with a blade during blemish. Content,% ZnPbCu I FeO I | S

0.79

2.8

28.4 13.3

0.33

A roughing lead of the following composition,%: .PH 92.7, Cu 1.54, Sb 3.3, Sn 1.1, and As 0.53, is subjected to production.

In a steel boiler, they are sewn and heated to 1.5 kg of lead. Melt stirring is driven by a mechanical stirrer made of titanium. The temperature in the boiler is supported .2i; i

8.7 5.8

7.8 16.3

lives automatically. Upon reaching the specified temperature, the mixer is turned on (130 rpm), and the velz kiln crushed to 1.0 mm is fed to the melt. The reagent consumption is from 1.0 to 5.0 times (for Fe in the clinker ) the content of the mouse in refined lead. Lower consumption of velts furnaces at 3-5 th times the consumption of metallic iron clinker in relation to the content of the mouse, and lead. The method of lead refining is carried out as follows. The rough lead obtained in the shaft furnace, in solid or molten form, is sent to a coarse bleaching steel boiler, where it is melted and heated to 600-650 ° C. A mixer is placed on the mortar and the calculated amount (relative to the mouse) of clinker or its magnetic fraction containing metallic iron is mixed into the melt. With stirring, metallic iron interacts with the mouse contained in the refined lead, and the mouse in the form of intermetallic is removed from the lead to the slips (removals), which are periodically removed from the surface of the melt. In the clinker or magnetic fraction, it contains besides metallic iron, iron sulfide, calcium sulfide, copper, and carbon. Iron and calcium sulphides in the process of refining lead from copper perform the role of the latter sulphidization and thereby contribute to the reduction of lead content in the resulting slips. Copper contained in clinker or its magnetic fraction goes into the slip and increases the content of the latter in them, which is desirable. The carbon contained in the clinker or its magnetic fraction will prevent the oxidation of lead, as well as valuable impurities such as tin and antimony, and also help to increase their recovery into the metal to be refined, i.e. the irrecoverable loss of lead, antimony and especially tin, contained in the refined alloy in large quantities. For tests take a variety of clinker Velkspech-. The chemical composition of the clinker is shown in Table 1. Table 1 I CaO I SiOj I AliOa t C clinker is taken from the calculation that in this case a noticeable refining of lead from the mouse is observed. At 5 times the consumption of metallic iron clinker, as shown -. preliminary experiments, the best results are obtained for removing the mouse from lead. In these experiments, the behavior of the mouse when refining lead is controlled. The melt with the addition of clinker at 650 ° C is maintained for 1 hour with stirring, after which the melt is cooled to 340 ° C, maintained at this temperature for 2 hours, and then the slips are removed. The results of the refining of lead from the clinker roller mill (when). 9

Table 2 6 From the data of the table it can be seen that, according to the existing technology, 61.0% of an average mouse passes from refined lead into slips. Adding a portion of clinker containing a 1-fold amount of metallic iron relative to the mouse in the melt slightly increases the transition of the mouse from lead to slips (63.0%), but quite fully the mouse goes into slips only at 5 times consumption. metallic iron (92.0%). A further increase in the consumption of clinker, i.e., at a consumption of metallic iron more than 5 times, does not lead to a significant improvement in the release of the mouse from lead, but somewhat increases the yield of copper slips.

Known technologists

0.53 0.53 0.53

0.53 0.53 0.53

0.53 0.53 0.53

6.53 0.53 0.53

65.0 57.0 61.0 61.0

less common

Offered

73.0 1.0 1.0

60.0

68.0 1.0

633

less common

83.0

3.0

70.0 3.0

84.0 3.0

79.0

Amongst

91.0

5.0

93.0 5.0

92.0 5.0

92.0

Claims (3)

Average From the obtained research results, it appears that satisfactory results for removing the mouse from lead are obtained at a 3-4–5-fold consumption of metallic metal 5 clinker by defining the content of the mouse in lead. In this case, 72.0-92.0% is removed from lead. Subsequent selective refining of lead lead, which does not contain a mouse or contains it in small quantities, produces alkaline tin-containing alloys with a lower content of a mouse, the processing of which makes it possible to obtain branded tin. The use of cnoco & i refining pigs in production allows us to simplify the processing of tin-containing alloys in terms of purification of tin-containing solutions from impurities, especially from the mouse, to increase the extraction of tin into marketable products from alkali alloys, to increase the extraction of heavy non-ferrous metals during the processing of both primary and and secondary lead raw materials. 8 The claims of the method of refining lead, including its melting, blending and processing of the melt with iron-containing material, which is characterized by the fact that, with the aim of increasing. At the stage of refining and extraction of heavy non-ferrous metals, during bleaching, the melt is treated with the clinker of the Waelz kiln at the 3-4–5-fold consumption of metallic iron of clinker with respect to the content of the mouse in lead. Sources of information taken in vnnmanie during examination 1.Smirnov I.V., Loskutov f. M. Copper slickers and methods and processing. - Bull. CIIN, Tsvetna metallurgists, 1958, N 12, p. 21-26. 2. Fedorov Yu. P., Krysenko N. S. Purification of sodium stannate solution from impurities. Non-ferrous metals, 1966, N 4, p. 39-41. 3. Japanese Patent N 52-39375, cl. 10 P 3 (C 22 B 13/06), 1977.