SU899092A1

SU899092A1 - Dust trap

Info

Publication number: SU899092A1
Application number: SU802931522A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Архипович Степурин
Original assignee: Молдавское Научно-Производственное Мебельное Объединение
Priority date: 1980-05-22
Filing date: 1980-05-22
Publication date: 1982-01-23

Description

Изобретение относится к устройствам, применяемым в различных отраслях народного хозяйства для очистки газов от пыли, и может быть использовано в мебельной и деревообрабатывающей промышленности, в частности^ для очистки возду— 5 ха от взрывоопасной чли трудносмачиваемой пыли, получаемой при шлифовке древесины и лаковых.покрытий.The invention relates to devices used in various sectors of the national economy for dust cleaning of gases, and can be used in furniture and woodworking industries, in particular for cleaning air-5 ha of explosive dust difficult to wet dust obtained by polishing wood and varnish. .

Известно устройство *для очистки газа, включающее корпус с штангендиальными ¹⁰выходными патрубками для грязного и очищенного газа, ротор с лопастями, входной патрубок, расположенный на корпусе по оси вращения и спиралеобразную перегородку, установленную внутри кор- ^,5пуса вокруг ротора, концевая плоскость которой сопряжена со стенкой выходного патрубка Для очищенного газа [11.A device * for gas purification is known, including a housing with ¹⁰ standpipe outlet pipes for dirty and purified gas, a rotor with blades, an inlet pipe located on the housing along the axis of rotation and a spiral partition installed inside the core ^{, 5} holes around the rotor, the end plane of which mated to the wall of the outlet pipe For purified gas [11.

Однако это устройство громоздкое и обладает.низкой работоспособностью, так ²⁰как газовый поток увлекает жидкость в вытяжной патрубок, заполняя его, а смоченная пыль, оседая на стенках, эабива— ет часть капилляров, что снижает эффективность работы устройства в целом. Кроме того, поток газа, барботируя через слой жидкости в вытяжном, патрубке, уносит часть жидкости в вытяжную систему, выводя ее из строя и требуя дополнительных энергозатрат.However, this device is bulky and has low working capacity, since ²⁰ the gas flow entrains the liquid in the exhaust pipe, filling it, and the moistened dust settling on the walls makes up part of the capillaries, which reduces the overall efficiency of the device. In addition, the gas flow, sparging through a layer of liquid in the exhaust pipe, takes away part of the liquid into the exhaust system, incapacitating it and requiring additional energy consumption.

Наиболее близким к предлагаемому изобретению по технической сущности и достигаемому результату является пылеуловливатель, включающий горизонтальный корпус, со спиралеобразным входным патрубком, емкость со смачивающей жидкостью, вытяжной патрубок и каплеулавли— вающую систему [21.The closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a dust collector comprising a horizontal housing with a spiral inlet nozzle, a container with a wetting liquid, an exhaust nozzle and a droplet trap system [21.

Однако для известного устройства характерны громоздкость оборудования и недостаточная эффективность процесса очистки. 'However, the known device is characterized by the bulkiness of the equipment and the lack of efficiency of the cleaning process. ''

Цель изобретения - обеспечение компактности устройства, повышение эффективности его работы и снижение энергозатрат.The purpose of the invention is to ensure the compactness of the device, increasing its efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

Эта цель достигается тем, что в пылеулавливателе, включающем горизонтальный корпус со спиралеобразным входным патрубком, емкость со смачивающей жидкостью, вытяжной патрубок и каплеулавли- · $ ваюшую систему, каплеулавливаюшая система выполнена в виде двух перфорированных обечаек, установленных коаксиально, внешняя из которых расположена в корпусе, а внутренняя в вытяжном патрубке, ю при этом корпус снабжен перфорированным шибером.This goal is achieved by the fact that in a dust collector including a horizontal housing with a spiral-shaped inlet pipe, a container with a wetting liquid, an exhaust pipe and a drop-collecting system, the drop-collecting system is made in the form of two perforated shells installed coaxially, the external of which is located in the housing , and the inside in the exhaust pipe, while the housing is equipped with a perforated gate.

Корпус также снабжен установленным по его оси конусом, вершина которого направлена к вытяжному патрубку. 15The housing is also equipped with a cone mounted on its axis, the top of which is directed to the exhaust pipe. fifteen

При этом отверстия перфорированных обечаек и шибера выполнены с козырьками, направленными навстречу потоку.In this case, the holes of the perforated shells and the gate are made with visors directed towards the flow.

На фиг. 1 показан общий вид устройства в продольном разрезе·, на фиг. 2 разрез А-А' на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 - разрез Б-Б на фиг. 1; на фиг. 4 - узел 1 на фиг. 3.In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device in longitudinal section ·, in FIG. 2 a section A-A 'in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - section BB in FIG. 1; in FIG. 4 - node 1 in FIG. 3.

Пылеулавливатель состоит из нилиндрического корпуса, образованного наружной стенкой 1, торцовой стенкой 2 и стенкой 3, выполненной в виде усеченного конуса с торцовой стенкой 4 в верхнем основании. Корпус установлен на емкости 5, заполненной смачивающей жидкостью и снабженной системой подпитки, включающей трубопроводы 6 с автоматическим регулятором 7 уровня жидкости и сливным патрубком 8, причем наружная стенка 1 герметично сое- ³⁵динена с крышкой емкости, образуя единую полость.The dust collector consists of a nylindrical body formed by the outer wall 1, the end wall 2 and the wall 3, made in the form of a truncated cone with the end wall 4 in the upper base. The housing is mounted on a container 5, filled with a wetting liquid and provided with a feeding system comprising conduits 6 with the automatic liquid level control 7 and the drain pipe 8, the outer wall 1 is sealed soe- ³⁵ dinena lid from the container, forming a single cavity.

Корпус снабжен тангенциальным вводным патрубком 9, выполненным в виде спирали, частично расположенной в ем- ⁴⁰кости и охватывающей корпус по ниспадающему радиусу. В нижней части первого витка спирали патрубка 9 размещен узел промывки газа, представляющий собой установленный над отверстием, соеди— ⁴⁵няющим полость патрубка 9 и емкости 5, регулируемый шибер 10, над которым к противоположной стенке патрубка закреплен регулируемый шибер 11. На входе · патрубка 9 в корпус установлен перфори- ⁵⁰рованный регулируемый шибер 12, являющийся продолжением внутренней образующей спирали.The casing is equipped with a tangential inlet pipe 9, made in the form of a spiral, partially located in the vessel ⁴⁰ and covering the casing along a falling radius. In the lower part of the first turn of the spiral pipe 9 there is a gas washing unit installed over the hole, connecting ^{45 the} cavity of the pipe 9 and container 5, an adjustable gate 10, over which an adjustable gate 11 is fixed to the opposite wall of the pipe 11. At the inlet · of the pipe 9 a perforated ⁵⁰ adjustable gate 12 is installed in the housing, which is a continuation of the internal generatrix of the spiral.

В торцовой стенке 2 корпуса врезан вытяжной цилиндрический патрубок 13, ⁵⁵ установленный внутри корпуса по оси и соединенный с вентилятором 14, а на стенке 4 верхнего основания усеченного конуса установлен конус 15, вершиной направленный к вытяжному патрубку.An exhaust cylindrical pipe 13, ^{55 is} mounted in the end wall 2 of the housing, mounted axially inside the housing and connected to the fan 14, and a cone 15 is mounted on the wall 4 of the upper base of the truncated cone, with its apex directed to the exhaust pipe.

В корпусе установлена перфорированная стенка 16, образующая с наружной стенкой 1 и стенкой 3 кольцевой канал 17, а в патрубке 13 установлена перфорированная стенка 18, образующая кольцевой канал 19, соединенный с емкостью 5 патрубком 20.A perforated wall 16 is installed in the housing, forming an annular channel 17 with the outer wall 1 and the wall 3, and a perforated wall 18 is formed in the pipe 13, forming an annular channel 19 connected to the tank 5 by the pipe 20.

Над отверстиями перфорированных стенок 16 и 18, образующих каплеулавливающую систему, и шибера 12 выполнены козырьки 21, направленные навстречу потоку.Above the holes of the perforated walls 16 and 18, forming a droplet-collecting system, and the gate 12 are made visors 21, directed towards the flow.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Емкость 5 заполняется с помощью трубопроводов 6 смачивающей жидкостью до уровня частичного заполнения полости патрубка 9. Уровень жидкости поддерживается постоянным с помощью автоматического регулятора 7.The tank 5 is filled using pipelines 6 with a wetting liquid to the level of partially filling the cavity of the nozzle 9. The liquid level is maintained constant by means of an automatic regulator 7.

Включением вентилятора 14 в корпусе пылеулавливателя создается разряжение, в результате которого запыленный газ начинает поступать через патрубок 9. Проходя узел промывки, газ со скоростью, ударяясь о зеркало жидкости, распыляет ее, образуя газожидкостную смесь.By turning on the fan 14, a vacuum is created in the dust collector body, as a result of which the dusty gas begins to flow through the nozzle 9. Passing the flushing unit, the gas at a speed, hitting the liquid mirror, sprays it, forming a gas-liquid mixture.

Скорость газового потока и количество уносимой им жидкости регулируется шиберами 10 и 11. По мере прохождения потока в полости вводного патрубка 9 вследствие центробежных сил жидкость [и пыль сепарируется на наружной стенке и дальше движется в виде тонкой пленки. Уменьшение радиуса кривизны спирали увеличивает центробежные силы, что повышает эффективность сепарации.The gas flow rate and the amount of liquid carried away by it are regulated by the sliders 10 and 11. As the flow passes through the cavity of the inlet pipe 9 due to centrifugal forces, the liquid [and the dust is separated on the outer wall and further moves in the form of a thin film. Reducing the radius of curvature of the spiral increases centrifugal forces, which increases the separation efficiency.

При входе потока в корпус слой жидкости, скользяСций по образующей патрубка 9, набегает на перфорированный шибер 12, продавливается за счет центробежных сил, чему также способствуют козырьки 21, через отверстия и отбрасываются в набегавшую ветвь спирали, образуя пылевидную завесу. Газ, проходя через завесу, получает вторую ступень промывки, в результате которой мелкая фракция пыли, не смоченная в первой ступени промывки, поглощается жидкостью.When the flow enters the body, the liquid layer, sliding along the generatrix of the nozzle 9, runs onto the perforated gate 12, is forced by centrifugal forces, which are also facilitated by the visors 21, through the openings and are thrown into the oncoming branch of the spiral, forming a dusty curtain. Gas passing through the curtain receives the second stage of washing, as a result of which a fine fraction of dust not moistened in the first stage of washing is absorbed by the liquid.

Войдя в корпус, закрученный поток отбрасывается на перфорированную стенку 16, при этом жидкость с поглощенной пылью проникает в кольцевой канал 17 и стекает в емкость 5. Проходя конический участок стенки 16, центробежныеEntering the housing, the swirling flow is discarded onto the perforated wall 16, while the liquid with absorbed dust penetrates into the annular channel 17 and flows into the tank 5. Passing the conical section of the wall 16, centrifugal

899092 * силы резко увеличиваются и происходит интенсивная осушка газа.899092 * forces increase sharply and intense gas dehydration occurs.

После конического участка газ закручивается во встречный поток, поступающий в вытяжной патрубок 13, а конус 15 исключает возникновение между встречными потоками вакуума, на преодоление которого необходимы дополнительные энергозатраты. В вытяжном патрубке 13 также под действием центробежных сил продолжается сепарация жидкости и пыли, не осевшей на стенке 16 или подхваченной потоком. Частицы оседают на стенке 18, через отверстия которой попадают в кольцевой канал 19 и по патрубку 20 сбрасываются в емкость 5.After the conical section, the gas is twisted into the oncoming flow entering the exhaust pipe 13, and the cone 15 eliminates the occurrence of a vacuum between the oncoming flows, to overcome which additional energy costs are required. In the exhaust pipe 13 also under the action of centrifugal forces continues the separation of liquid and dust, not settled on the wall 16 or picked up by the flow. Particles settle on the wall 18, through the holes of which fall into the annular channel 19 and are discharged into the tank 5 through the pipe 20.

Очищенный и осушенный газ через вентилятор 14 подается в цех или выбрасывается в атмосферу, а пыль, увлеченная жидкостью, оседает на дно емкости 5 и через сливной патрубок 8 в виде шлама выносится в отстойник.The cleaned and dried gas through a fan 14 is supplied to the workshop or emitted into the atmosphere, and the dust entrained in the liquid settles to the bottom of the tank 5 and is discharged into the sump through the drain pipe 8.

Предлагаемое исполнение устройства позволяет обеспечить высокоэффективную очистку газа от пыли, как взрывоопасной, так и трудносмачиваемой, не потребует большого расхода жидкости и энергозатрат; компактно и надежно в работе.The proposed design of the device allows for highly efficient gas cleaning from dust, both explosive and difficult to wet, does not require a large flow of fluid and energy; compact and reliable in operation.

Claims

The invention relates to devices used in various sectors of the national economy for cleaning gases from dust, and can be used in the furniture and woodworking industry, in particular for cleaning air from the explosive dimly wetted pier, obtained by polishing wood and lacquer. coatings. A device is known for cleaning gas comprising a housing with shtamped gas outlets for dirty and cleaned gas, a rotor with blades, an inlet fitting located on the housing along the axis of rotation and a spiral-shaped partition mounted inside the housing around the rotor, the end plane of which is attached to the wall outlet pipe for purified gas 11. However, this device is bulky and. low efficiency, since the gas flow drags the liquid into the exhaust pipe, fills it, and moistened dust, settling on the walls, clogs part of the capillaries, which reduces the efficiency of the device as a whole. In addition, the flow of gas, barbattling through a layer of liquid in the exhaust pipe, carries a part of the liquid into the exhaust system, removes it from the system and requires additional energy consumption. The closest to the proposed invention in its technical essence and the achieved result is a dust catcher, including a horizontal body, with a spiral-shaped inlet nozzle, a container with a wetting fluid, a suction nozzle and a drip-drop system 2. The bulkiness of the known device is characterized by cumbersome surroundings and insufficient efficiency process of attrition. The purpose of the invention is to ensure the compactibility of the device, increase its efficiency and reduce energy consumption. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the dust catcher, which includes a horizontal body with a spiral inlet pipe, a container with a wetting fluid, a suction pipe and a dropping system, the dropping system is located in the form of two perforated shells installed coaxially, the outer of which is located the casing, and the inner one in the exhaust nozzle of the grill; this casing is provided with perforated slide valves. The housing is also provided with a cone mounted along its axis, the top of which is directed to the exhaust pipe. In this case, the holes of the perforated shells and the gate are made with visors directed towards the flow. FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device in longitudinal section; FIG. 2, section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section in FIG. one; in fig. 4 — node 1 in FIG. 3. The dust collector consists of a cylindrical body formed by the outer wall 1, the end wall 2 and the wall 3, Made in the form of a truncated cone with the end wall 4 in the upper base. The housing is mounted on a tank 5 filled with a wetting fluid and equipped with a make-up system including pipelines 6 with an automatic fluid level controller 7 and a drain pipe 8, the outer wall 1 being sealed to the tank lid to form a single cavity. The housing is equipped with a tangential inlet fitting 9, made in the form of a spiral, partially located in the vessel and enclosing the housing along the falling radius. At the bottom of the first turn of the helix of the nozzle 9 there is a gas washing unit, which is mounted above the hole connecting the cavity of the nozzle 9 and the tank 5 with an adjustable gate 1O above which an adjustable nozzle 11 is fixed to the opposite wall of the nozzle. The body is fitted with a perforated adjustable gate 12, which is a continuation of the internal forming helix. An exhaust cylindrical nozzle 13 embedded inside the body axially and connected to a fan 14 is embedded in the end wall of the housing 2, and a cone 15 is installed on the wall 4 of the upper base of the truncated onus, pointed to the exhaust nozzle. the annular channel -17 forming with the outer (Lena 1 and the wall 3), and the perforated wall 18 is installed in the socket 13, forming an annular channel 19 connected to the reservoir 5 with the branch pipe 20. Above the holes of the perforated walls 16 and 18 forming drop holes The filling system and the gate 12 are made with visors 21 directed towards the flow. The device works as follows: The tank 5 is filled with the help of pipelines 6 with a wetting liquid to the level of partial filling of the nozzle cavity 9. The level of the liquid is kept constant by means of the automatic controller 7. By turning on the valve the torus 14 in the dust collector case creates a vacuum, as a result of which dusty gas begins to flow through the pipe 9. Passage of the nozzle, gas with speed, hit the mirror and dkosti, it is sprayed to form a gas-liquid mixture. The gas flow rate and the amount of fluid carried away by it are controlled by gates 10 and 11. As the flow in the cavity of the inlet 9 proceeds, the liquid and dust are separated on the outer wall due to centrifugal forces and then move as a thin film. Reducing the radius of curvature of the spiral increases the centrifugal force, which increases the separation efficiency. When the flow enters the housing, a layer of liquid, slipping through the forming port 9, runs onto the perforated shutter 12, is forced through ueaipiping forces, which are also promoted by the visors 21, through the holes and are thrown into the incoming branch of the helix to form a pulverized veil. The gas passing through the curtain receives a second washing stage, as a result of which a fine fraction of dust not wetted in the first washing stage is absorbed by the liquid. Having entered the body, the swirling flow is thrown onto the perforated wall 16, while the liquid with absorbed dust penetrates into the annular channel 17 and flows into the container 5. The passage is conical to: - the cue section of the wall 16, the centrifugal forces increase sharply and the gas is dried out intensively. After the conical section, the gas is twisted into a counter flow entering the exhaust pipe 13, and the cone 15 eliminates the occurrence of a vacuum between the opposite flows, to overcome which additional energy costs are required. In the exhaust pipe 13, likewise, under the action of centrifugal forces, the separation of liquid and dust, not settled on the wall 16 or picked up by the flow, continues. The particles are deposited on the wall 18, through the holes that get into the annular channel 19 and are discharged through the nozzle 2O into the tank 5. The cleaned and dried gas through the fan 14 is fed into the workshop or emitted into the atmosphere, and dust entrained by the liquid is deposited on the bottom of the tank 5 and through the discharge pipe 8, in the form of a slit, is discharged into the sump. The proposed design of the device allows for highly efficient gas cleaning from dust, both explosive and difficult to wet, does not require a large consumption of liquid and energy consumption in a compact and reliable manner. Claim 1. A separator comprising a horizontal housing with a spiral inlet, a container with a wetting fluid, a vent and a drop-catching system, characterized in that, in order to ensure the compactness of the device in terms of its efficiency, the drop-absorbing system is made in the form of two perforated plates. installed coaxially, the external of which is located in the housing and the internal in the exhaust pipe, while the housing is provided with a perforated flange. 2. A dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption, the housing / is provided with a cone mounted along its axis, the top of which is directed toward the exhaust manifold. 3. The safety catcher according to claim 1, o, t, which is based on the fact that the holes of the perforated shells and schieber are made with visors directed towards the flow. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 578988, cl. O1 S 45/14, 1975.

2. Patent of Germany No. 1175652, cl. 12e 2/01, 11.03.65.

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