SU899006A1 - Vegetation climate chamber - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the cultivation of plants under conditions of an artificially climatic environment in vegetation climate chambers for the accelerated cultivation of breeding specimens of agricultural crops.

A vegetative climatic chamber is known, comprising a housing, ceiling lights, ventilation systems, air circulation and air quality, and air temperature and humidity controllers 1,

The closest technical solution is a climatic device for plants containing a heat-insulated housing, a compressor-refrigerating unit with a porous air humidifier, and a water supply system with a valve 2.

The lack of known devices is the insufficient quality of humidification and

irregularity of the air flow velocity.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of moistening and increase the uniformity of the floor velocity of the air flow.

This is achieved by the fact that the humidifier air distributor is made with perforated water-supply tubes evenly placed on its surface and is located horizontally across the entire effective area of the working volume of the body, the chamber being equipped with a device for regulating water supply made in the form of air distributor located on both sides The air intake pipes connected to the electrocontact pressure gauge are equipped with the latter being connected to the water supply valve.

FIG. 1 depicts a vegetative climate chamber; Fig.2 is the same cross section; in FIG. 3, section A-A in FIG. 2. The chamber consists of a housing 1, inside which fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps 2 are mounted on the ceiling. At the bottom of the useful volume of the chamber there is an air distributor-humidifier 3 made of a porous air-conducting, hygroscopic material laid on a row of rigidly fixed horizontal tubes 5 having small holes in the upper part along the entire length and brought together into a common collector 6 connected by pipe 7 to a tank 8 for supplying distilled water. Pipe 7 is installed in series There are two overlapping solenoid valves 9 and 10. A device for controlling relative humidity 11 is connected to the solenoid valve 9, and to the solenoid valve 10 there is an actuating relay 12 of a water electrocontact pressure gauge 13 with contacts 14 and 15 of the closure level. Material pressed frame with rods 1b. Below the humidifier 3, there is a pressure zone 17 connected to air circulation valves 18. Window 19 and air duct 20 are formed by a shrunken inner wall 21. External air intake window 22 and air outflow window 23 are manually blocked with 2k flaps. In the working volume of the chamber are placed vessels with test plants mounted on rack racks 25. Pins 26 are used to move racks with plants in a vertical plane as they grow. At the bottom of the chamber, a compressor-refrigeration unit 27 and an associated air cooler 28 are installed. The chamber operates as follows. When the compressor-refrigeration unit 27 is turned on, the fans 18 are turned on and air is forced into the overpressure zone 17 formed by resistance to movement of air through the cells. the pores of the fibrous material, the air distributor humidifier 3, while the rods 16 do not allow the material to rise. The formation of excess pressure in zone 17 ensures that it is developed over the entire lower surface of the distributor-humidifier 3, since the outflow of air from the 64 labyrinths of cells occurs with the extinction rate, which ensures a uniform air outlet throughout the entire area. Spare air diffuser - humidifier 3, creating the same sex velocity of the vertical air flow in the chamber. The location of the air also contributes to the preservation of identity. hozabornogo window 19 is not on the narrow side wall of the chamber (as in the well-known), but on the longitudinal. The same airflow of all plants significantly affects the identity of gas exchange. photosynthesis and the course of biological processes in general for all the samples studied, increasing the efficiency of the camera. If it is necessary to increase the air humidity in the chamber determined by the moisture measuring device 11, the solenoid valve 9 supplies the distilled water to the collector 6 from the tank 8. From the collector 6, water flows into all horizontal tubes 5, the length of which is equal to the transverse length of the useful volume of the chamber in 100-200 mm. 1/3 of the upper arc of the cross section of the tube. along its entire length, there are small holes for the exit of water. All tubes more than 1/3 round porous hygroscopic material that is soaked with incoming water. Due to the large amount of the total area of the wet walls of the cells of the porous material, which is blown by the air passing through the cells, the latter is intensively moistened. At the same time, the quality of moisture is maintained without heating and at the molecular level. When humidified, the air is additionally cooled, which reduces the energy losses for its cooling by the air cooler 28 of the compressor-refrigeration unit 27, compensates the cost of pressure increase by the fans 18 for blowing; differential pressure in the zone of increased pressure 17 and the working volume of the chamber. The more material is impregnated, the greater the resistance for the output of the air. The Ear and the pressure difference increases. Both pressures enter a U-shaped electrical contact pressure gauge 13, an It contact and 15 which is filled with an aqueous solution of salt. When the pressure rises above a predetermined pressure, they are closed by a column of rising water and, through an actuating relay, the solenoid valve 10 is turned off for humidification. In this way, an optimum degree of wetting of the walls of the porous material k of the air distributor-humidifier 3 is ensured when the material itself becomes wetter and the openings of the pores are open and do not interfere with the air passage. This increases the efficiency of moistening, reduces the loss of distilled water and increases the reliability of the camera due to the absence of mechanical moistening devices. When the specified relative humidity in the chamber is reached, the device 11, acting on the solenoid valve 9, blocks the common water supply line from the tank 8.

The downward movement of the plants, as they grow, is carried out by swapping the rack racks 25 to the pins 26 of a lower level.

The proposed design of the humidifier makes it possible to achieve a more dispersed water spraying, significantly reduces energy consumption, noise, with the exception of centrifugal mechanical water spraying, provides a vertical upward flow velocity that is high in the entire chamber volume.

The location of the air distributor-humidifier directly in the useful volume of the chamber over its entire area allows to reduce the consumption of distilled water, increases the effect of air humidification.

In general, the proposed design of the chamber allows reducing the time for selection of new plant varieties.

Claims (1)

1. USSR author's certificate No. 680688, cl. A 01 G 9/2, 1977. i. Austrian patent number, cl. since 22, 1972 (prototype).