SU8873A1 - Apparatus for separating liquids from suspended solids - Google Patents

Description

The proposed apparatus is intended to separate liquid from suspended solids by continuous deposition or sedimentation, inside a receiver equipped with an outlet for precipitated solid particles in a thickened state and an overflow hole for clarified liquid rising from the thickened material. The main task in this case is the device in the apparatus of this type of group of devices, which, by simultaneously processing individual portions of the material, increase its productivity. The apparatus consists of a vat provided with a series of sedimentary areas arranged one above the other and devices for feeding material into these areas, for admitting solids deposited on the areas in a condensed state, and for automatically discharging the clarified liquid rising from the deposited

solids over each sedimentary area. In addition to these devices, the apparatus is also equipped with a device for regulating the supply of material to various deposition surfaces by changing the volume of clarified liquid produced above the latter, a device for controlling and limiting the release of condensed material, a mechanism for moving the precipitated solids to their place of release and a device for automatic proportional the distribution of portions of the material between the surfaces of the wasp {deni,

In the drawings of FIG. Figure 1 shows a vertical section of one form: making such an apparatus, in which the material is supplied from a common source separately to different deposition areas, while the condensed matter is discharged from the deposition surfaces in different places; FIG. 2 shows a similar section of another embodiment, in which the material that is added in one place of the apparatus is automatically distributed to different zones of precipitation, and the condensed matter released from a number of deposition surfaces is removed from the tank through a single outlet; FIG. 3 is a vertical section of another modification of the apparatus; FIG. 4 is a vertical section of the apparatus provided with a device for directing solids discharged from the upper area into the channel in communication with the lower working area of the row; FIG. 5 is a cross-section along line 6-6 in FIG. 3; FIG. 6-valve parts for automatic replenishment of the amount of material under one of the deposition surfaces; FIG. 7 shows a section along line 8-8 in FIG. 6; FIG. 8 - vertical phasor of specimen magnifiers for adjusting the discharge of clarified liquid from under the sedimentary surfaces of the apparatus. The cylindrical tank 2 is provided in its flat bottom with a conical recess 3, which forms a transition to the outlet wire 4, provided with a control valve 5 (Fig. 1). Across the vat to its inner cylindrical surface, one or several baffles b are reinforced, which form the deposition surfaces in addition to the lower surface formed by the vat bottom. The baffles 6 are saucer-shaped to accelerate the movement of the precipitated solids to the outlets and to form pockets in which the clarified liquid is collected, rising above the solids beneath the partitions. Partitions can | arrange also horizontally; or give them some other SUITABLE form, applying the desired number: of such partitions within one i of the tank. Peripheral rut trough 7 at upper margin

The vat serves to overflow the clarified liquid rising from the solids that are deposited on the upper area b, while the pipes 8 connected to the vat at the points under the partitions 6 serve to release the clarified liquid rising nz solid matter precipitating in the spaces under partitions. From the overflow trough 7, the liquid flows through pipe 9 into the trough, which is valuable outside the vat; at the same trough, a liquid is lifted lifting through pipes 8, which are provided with a fold at the top. The static pressure of the fluid formed by the pipes 8 can be changed in order to regulate the supply of the fresh material to the various deposition surfaces according to the release of the clarified Crude from the space lying above these surfaces. Such a change in pressure can be achieved by the use of various devices. It is possible, for example, to change the static head and, accordingly, to speed up or slow down the outflow of fluid from the tank by means of pipe lengths 8 by moving the coupling 13 (Fig. 8), which can slide freely at the upper end of the pipe along the axis. The flow of fluid through the pipes 8 can also be regulated by means of ordinary two-way valves 12 placed at suitable points of the pipes outside the tank (Fig. 1). Portions of the porridge material are fed to the tub in FIG. 1 separately at points over various deposition surfaces, through pipes 14 connected to a common source -15, and the condensed matter deposited on the partitions is discharged from them near the tank axis and out through the pipes 16, the flow through which it is easily adjustable by swapping the valves.

A number of scraper arms 18 located above these surfaces and connected to the shaft 19, which imparts a slow rotational movement, contributes to the holes. This shaft, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the tank, is suspended in bearings 20 and is connected at its upper end with a suitable drive mechanism by gear mechanism 21. Glands 22 or other suitable devices ensure the density in the places where the shaft passes through partitions 6. Scrapers 18 t mainly from radial arms provided with inclined blades that guide the material to the axis. They are fastened to the shaft 19 by means of clamps 23 and suspended in an adjustable inclined position by means of t 24, equipped with screw fasteners, allowing them to be lengthened or shortened. For automatic adjustment at the top and bottom of the partitions, if the amount of material under them has decreased due to insufficient supply to such an extent that the partition is threatened with deflection under the pressure of the weight of the precipitated solids, the following device is used. The pipelines 25. The separate compartments of the tank under the bulkheads with the space above the upper bulkhead are controlled by two oppositely opening valves 26, shown separately in FIG. 6 and 7. These valves are located on sloping in the opposite directions saddles in the compartments of the box 27, which connects the corresponding wire to the inside of the tank. When the pressure below one of the barriers decreases, the material contained in the tank above the upper barrier flows through the outward opening valve and pipe 25 until the pressures above and below the partition do not equal, in the case of overflow of material, the pressure below one of the partitions exceeds 1 which is located above the upper partition, as a result of which an excess of material is allowed to flow up the conduit 25 and through the inward opening valve 26 to the upper part of the tank. During operation of the apparatus, the material is supplied in predetermined quantities through pipes 14 to various compartments to which tea is divided by partitions 6. While solids suspended in the liquid are deposited on surfaces formed by the bottom of the tank and placed one above the other. 6, the clarified liquid rises in the upper compartment to the level of the overflow trough 7, and in other compartments into the pockets 28 formed under the partitions. The light that collects light into these pockets is discharged into the trough 10 through the respective pipes 8, the flow through which can be monitored by changing the setting of the valves 12 or the coupling 13 in FIG. 8 Continuously rotating scrapers cause a uniformly advanced condensed substance to the corresponding outlets to which the exhaust pipes 16 are attached, and the density of the discharged substance can be adjusted by shifting the valves 17 controlling the flow through the pipes 16. The flow rate of the material into the spaces under the partitions is determined The rate of flow of fluid through the overflow pipe 8. In the form of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the partitions are provided with central openings 29 through which the material can flow from one compartment to another. In this case, the material is fed over the upper partition by means of one or several nutrient devices and 30 and passes through the opening 29 to the other compartments of the tank. The solids deposited on the surfaces formed by the bottom of the tank and located one above the other by partitions are removed in a condensed state through the corresponding holes with the action of scrapers and are collected in this part of the tank, E13 of which they are released through pipe 4 controlled by valve 5 the same fluid is discharged through the control tubes with the exception of the fluid from the upper compartment, which is poured into the peripheral groove 7 at the top edge of the tank. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the condensed matter is directed to the lower part of the tank, from which it is discharged through the central channel 4, controlled by valve 5. To eliminate the non-pressing mixing of the condensed substance with the material supplied to the various compartments of the tank through the seals 31, the scraper arms connected to it above the bottom of the tank surface are concentrically reinforced by a funnel 33 into which an exhaust pipe opens, connected to the upper lying surface of the precipitation. The actuator stem of the valve regulating the flow through this pipe protrudes from the front and the front, thereby facilitating the production of such an adjustment. In FIG. 3, an embodiment is provided with a device for limiting the release of a condensed substance from the upper surfaces of the precipitation in vats, where this substance is directed from different partitions to the bottom of the tank and here it is passed through a single central opening. This retention device consists of a coupling 34 open at the ends, mounted on the shaft and rotating together with it around the coupling 31 surrounding the opening 29, with some distance from this last coupling and from the surface of the corresponding partition. When working such an app. G.

Only the lowermost layers of the condensed substance deposited on the surface of the partition pass through the coupling into the Bi-lying separation of the tank, as this substance is forced to flow through the space under the coupling 34 into the annular gap between the two sleeves 34 31 and from here to the upper edge of the coupling 31 In order to prevent the condensed substance passing through the coupling 31 from mixing with the starting material, the pipe 35 is longitudinally located inside the couplings Bg, connected to an overflow hole near the upper edge of the latter.

The subject of the patent.

1. An apparatus for separating liquids from suspended solids in them, characterized by the use of vessel 2 with settling walls 6, an outlet 3 and pipes 14, 16 and 8 or a chute 7, respectively, to inject liquid, remove precipitated solid particles and discharge clarified water and supplied agitators in the form of scraper shoulders 18 attached to the shaft 19, in order to move the solid deposited material to the central outlet.

2. The form of execution of the apparatus specified in clause 1, characterized in that for the transfer of material deposited on the upper partitions to the lower, there are central holes 29 (Fig. 2) or pipes 16 with valves (Fig. 3).

3. The form of the implementation specified in paragraph 1, characterized in that to balance the pressure in the compartments of the apparatus, it is equipped with pipes 25 with two valves 26, which are opened in opposite directions (form 6 and 7).

4. The form of execution of the apparatus specified in clause 1, characterized in that the pipes 8, in order to lengthen or shorten them, are equipped with pipe sleeves 13 (Fig. 8). 1. FIG ..

Fig.Z.

FIG.