SU885754A1 - Spray dryer - Google Patents

Description

(54) SPRAY DRYER

I

The invention relates to a technique for drying suspensions and can be used in the chemical, food, pharmaceutical, and other industries.

A known spray dryer for liquid materials, comprising a vertical: body with a disc spray dispenser located in its upper part. The solution sprayed with the disk is dried in the heat carrier flow and the finished product is removed from the drying chamber in the lower part of the housing 1.

However, to obtain small-sized droplets, the use of high-speed drives (about 40-50 thousand revolutions per minute) is required, which is associated with energy costs with a certain increase in the speed of the drying process. The same takes place during the drying of large droplets of suspensions, - where the energy consumption is associated with the heat-carrying capacity of the heat-transfer agent; When using average energy costs, the drying rate is noticeably reduced.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the drying process.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the sprayer is equipped with

There is a cone nozzle and a reflector made in the form of a perforated disk and installed one in another with a gap of hollow truncated cones with a taper angle of 90-120 ° attached to the disk with smaller bases, their large bases are located in planes inclined relative to the axis of the housing under angle other than 90 °.

The drawing shows a diagram of the spray dryer.

The dryer includes a housing 1 with a lid 2, on top of which a bearing assembly 3 is mounted. It houses a hollow vertical shaft 4, carrying a disk sprayer 5 at the lower end and a reflector made in the form of a perforated disk 6 and installed in one another with a gap of hollow truncated cones 7 with a taper angle of 90-120 ° attached to the disc 6 by smaller bases, and the large bases are located in planes inclined relative to the axis of the housing I at an angle different from 90 °. A cone nozzle 8 is attached to the sprayer 5 in the lower part. The pipe 9 serves to supply liquid material to the sprayer 5, and a pipe 10 for supplying the coolant to the drying volume. The heat pipe And is equipped with a pipe 12 for the withdrawal of the spent coolant.

Spray drying works as follows.

The liquid material is fed through pipe 9 passing through the hollow shaft 4 to the spray 5, while the shaft 4, the spray 5, the disk 6, the cones 7 and the nozzle 8 are driven into rotational motion. The liquid material entering the internal cavity of the atomizer 5, under the action of centrifugal forces, moves to the periphery of the atomizer 5 and is sprayed in the drying volume of the housing 1. Small droplets of liquid material are picked up by the coolant and dried, the larger droplets reach the first cone 7, hit partially draining into a liquid film, and partly breaking into small droplets, which are also dried in the heat carrier flow. Larger drops also fall on the nozzle 8, with which they are subsequently crushed and dried. The heat carrier is introduced into the housing 1 through the pipe 10 from the moment the liquid material starts to flow through the pipe 9 and the atomizer 5 rotates.

That part of the material that is drained into the film is sprayed by the first cone-7 and the liquid material is respectively moved to the second cone 7 and so on. During this cycle, the coolant is evenly distributed in the drying volume through the perforations of the disk 6, ensuring that

the most constant contact with the liquid material both in the zone of the nebulizer 5 and in the zone of the outermost cone 7.

Thus, installing a disk diffuser 5 of the reflector, made in the form of a perforated disk 6 and a set of cones 7, contributes to the fragmentation of droplets and their uniform treatment with coolant, and the nozzle 8 plays the role of an additional centrifugal atomizer. Such execution spray dryer contributes to the intensification of the drying process.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Spray dryer for liquid materials, containing a vertical box with a disk sprayer located in its upper part, characterized in that, in order to intensify the drying process, the sprayer is located underneath a Cone nozzle and a reflector made in the form of a perforated disc and installed one a friend with a gap of hollow truncated cones with a taper angle of 90-120 °, attached to the disk with smaller bases, and their large bases are located in planes inclined relative to the axis of the housing body d an angle different from 90 °. Sources of information taken into account in the examination I. USSR author's certificate № 675283, cl. F 26 B 3/12, 1976.