SU885559A1 - Frozen soil working method - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD FOR DEVELOPING FROZEN GROUNDS

I

The invention relates to open pit mining and can be used in mining placer gold and other minerals under permafrost conditions.

A known method for the development of frozen loose deposits, which consists in the destruction of rocks by the drilling and blasting method with further excavation and transportation by earth-moving and transport machinery 1.

This method of development is characterized by complex technology and low efficiency of preparing the turode for excavation, the high cost of the equipment used, and large capital and operating costs.

The closest to the proposed technical dryness is the method for the development of frozen soils, including the thawing of soil blocks and the subsequent development of their pressure stream of water. Before the start of mining operations, a trench is put through to the field, which serves for the initial exposure of frozen loose sediments. After that, a water line is mounted on the top of the ledge.

and hydromonitors. Water from the pumping station is supplied through a conduit to hydraulic monitors that flush out the rocks that have been decayed due to solar radiation. The pulp formed by gravity due to the natural slope of the field flows into a ditch located on the bottom of the ledge and then transported either to the previously worked up area or to the sump pump | 2.

However, this method is used extremely rarely, since it is inefficient and associated with unjustified economic costs (high costs, water and electricity). This is due to the fact that in a short northern summer time to thaw a layer of rock with a thickness of just over three meters.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the intensity of development.

Claims (2)

The goal is achieved by the fact that along the entire length, the inclined workings pass along the bottom of the block being worked out, and from the day surface - undercutting 20 wells, at the same time through the mouth of the wells passed into the bottom of the inclined workings, pressurized water is supplied . Such technical regulation allows, due to the high speed of the mobile water and the use of inclined workings, to create an intensive circulation of thermal air and water reservoirs, which ensures the rapid thawing of frozen loose sediments and at the same time carrying them out with the prepared water to the developed space. The drawing shows the implementation of the proposed method. The array 1 being prepared for development is first thawed. To do this, it is drilled in parallel rows of wells 2. In the lower part of the massif in the board of the ledge 3, slanting openings 4 are passing, for example, by a pressure head jet of water, while the developments are passed under the rows of wells, the subsection of the latter, with the result that each communicated with all wells in it (p du). Wells 5 are wells with tranches 6 and larger in diameter 2. To the wellhead 5, water is supplied through a trench through a natural stream, for example, from a reservoir 7, which is located close to the massif 7. Water flow is under high pressure due to boreholes and substrates, rushes into the latter, sucking simultaneously atmospheric air from the surface. Due to the water and air entering the wells, there is an intense heat exchange with frozen rock, as a result of which (the rock) begins to thaw. At the same time, steam is supplied to the wells 2 through the mouth, for example, a fogger 8, the water to which is supplied by the pump 9 through the pipeline 10. In this process, the water content increases: the saturation of the air entering the wells, which condenses on the well walls, releases a significant amount heat (539 cal / kg). As a result, intensive defrosting occurs in a shorter time. The tala rock from the walls of the wells and from the roof of the workings under the force of gravity collapses and is carried out of the workings by the flow of water and then, due to the natural slope of the workings, is transported to natural and artificial volumes. Thus, the complex effect of thermal air sucked from the day surface, water and steam onto the rock significantly accelerates the thawing process and makes it more intense, which makes it possible to exclude complex expensive equipment from the development process. Preliminary calculation of technical and economic efficiency showed the advantages of the proposed method in comparison with the known methods, since the development cost decreases by 35-40%, labor productivity increases 2.5-3 times, the specific consumption of water and electricity decreases by 1 times. Claims of the method for the development of frozen soils, including thawing of blocks of soil and the subsequent working out of their pressure stream of water, characterized in that, in order to increase the intensity of development, slanting workings take place on the bottom of the unit being worked out, and from The mouth of wells drilled into the face of inclined workings is supplied with pressurized water, and through the mouth of the others - water vapor. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Emelnov V. I. Technologists of bulldozer development of permafrost alluvial deposits. M „Nedra, 1976. 2. Beirakhov GI. The use of a hydraulic method for the development of permafrost placers. Magadan, 1960 (prototype). .Ali 2 5 10 1