SU884661A1 - Agent for preservation of fodder - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to means for preserving green plant mass, and may find wide application in the technology of fodder production in the preparation of succulent fodder.

It is known to use various chemicals as preservatives for vegetable feeds, for example, organic acids, such as acetic acid 11, allyl isothiocyanate (AITK) 12.

However, these preservatives have a number of disadvantages. Acetic acid is expensive and is produced in insufficient quantities. In silos conserved with acetic acid, the acid content increases to 3%, the loss of dry matter is 10-17%, both in the laboratory and in the production. conditions. Czechoslovak AITK preservation requires special security measures in its application ..

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss of nutrients during the harvesting of green fodder 9, the expansion of the arsenal of means for preserving fodder.

The goal is achieved by using a known chemical substance chloroform as a preservative for green plants.

Under laboratory conditions, chloroform doses of experimentally determined were 0.5–1.5 kg / ton of silage and an increase in dry matter preservation was proved by 1.5–5 times as compared with acetic acid.

The mechanism of action of chloroform is that (CHC1e) combines with oxygen in air for 10 seconds to form hydrochloric acid HCl, chlorine, formic acid HCOOH, and other compounds that stop plant cells from 1 and undergo microbiological and fungal processes and, as a result, the breakdown of nutrients of the feed is stopped and their loss is reduced.

Under production conditions, the preservation of green mass of red clover with acid, acid wasting in the amount of 3 kg / t, AITK - 1.5 kg 10 tons and Chloroform - 1 kg / ton.

Acetic acid, diluted with water in the ratio of 1: 1, was introduced {by thrashing by layer-by-layer method, -AITK and chloroform were introduced into the feed mass by the injection method. To do this, use two steel needles with a length of about 0.8–1 m, attached by a rubber hose (length 15–20 m, diameter not less than 1 cm) to the outlet of the ANZH or CAM machine. At the end of the needle, 4 holes with a diameter of 4 mm are drilled. The needles are introduced into the leveled forage mass, open the hand weights, and then gradually, the needle is removed during a set time (a few seconds) and, when the needle reaches the edge of the surface, the valve is released. With this method of application, the liquid flows into the lower layers and in the upper layers it spontaneously disperses as vapor. At the end of the injection, the trench covers with a film and a layer of earth 12-15 cm. The harmlessness of feeding clover silage to animals, preserved by chloroform, is indicated by the indicators of the rumen content presented in Table. 1. Thus, in the cicatricial bulls liquid, the second experimental group has a larger number of ciliates with a significant difference in p as compared with the control group (P 0.05), and compared with the first experimental group, this difference is close to the reliable t (td 2.9). Cellulose lytic activity is also significantly higher in animals of the second experimental group than in the control and in the first experimental one .; It is known that the content of ciliates and the level of cellulolytic activity are an important criterion for well digestion in 1 pars. The second indicator, testifying to the harmlessness of feeding animals silage, preserved with chloroform, are blood counts, presented in Table. 2

Table 1 The studied blood parameters in experimental animals, both in the equalization and in the main periods of the experiment, are within physiological norms, with the exception of quarantine, which animals of all groups contain less than the norm and do not depend on the test preservative. The use of chloroform as a preservative of green vegetable feed has the following advantages. The red clover silo, preserved with chloroform in the amount of 1 kg per ton of raw material, has an energy nutritional value of 6.25% higher compared to silage preserved with acetic acid (3 kg / ton), and protein higher by 9.6% compared to silage, canned Czechoslovak preparation AITK (1.5 kg / 10 tons). Feeding young cattle for fattening in a silage concentrate ration of about 50% of silage preserved with chloroform increases average daily gains by 16.3% compared with the group fed with acetic acid silage, and by 18.9% compared to with the group receiving silage, Canned AITK, Feed costs in the group with chloroform in feed units and digestible protein are less by, 8.84% and 13.91% compared to acetic, and by 17.95% and 10.36% compared with the group where the silo with AITK. The results of the control and chemical composition of the negative negative sam in the group of animals fed the red clover silo preserved with chloroform are not noted. At 1 p. the costs associated with the acquisition and introduction of chloroform receive a profit of 3.35 p. more than using acetic acid.

Cellulolytic

6.04 ± 0.77 activity,%

4.27 ± 0.36 7.68 ± 1.14

Claims (1)

Claim The use of chloroform as a means for preserving feed.