SU882978A1 - Method of producing organomineral fertilizers - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the production of organo-mineral fertilizers.

A known method for producing humic fertilizers includes treating peat with fl alkali.

A known method for producing organic fertilizer, including chemical processing of milled peat 50-60% moisture content with the addition of mineral fertilizers to the negro 2.

The disadvantages of the known methods are the large labor costs in performing the methods, the loss of chemical reagents into the atmosphere and the pollution of the environment.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss of reagents used, environmental pollution and improvement of working conditions.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the initial peat before the addition of mineral fertilizers is treated with a 20-30% solution of potash in an amount that is determined by the absorption capacity of the original peat ammonia and kept for 6-8 days.

Example 1. 1 ton of milled peat 5 ° C-humidity is treated at room temperature. solution (90 l) of potash, containing 35 kg of KjCO ,. The original peat has an absorption capacity for ammonia 1.75% (in terms of absolutely dry

10 substance) and contains humic acid 16.7.5 ;; N 0, PjOj - 0.75%; 0.28%. .

After thorough mixing

IS of the reacting components, the obtained mass is kept for maturation for 8 days, and then 60 kg of ammonium nitrate, 130 kg of superphosphate are added to it and mixed again.

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Claims (2)

The organo-mineral fertilizer obtained contains soluble humates 9.3%; N3.15; 3, “1%; 3.6%; pH of 7.1. 3 Acceptance of the optimal concentration of potash solution 20-30 established by experiment. In principle, an aqueous solution of potash of any KoVi concentration, as well as crystals can be used to process the original peat. However, 20-30 | -a concentration is optimal, since using more dilute solutions significantly increases the humidity of the final product, which will require additional time for drying fertilizer. The use of more concentrated solutions or dry salt of potash does not ensure uniform mixing of the reacting components, which entails a decrease in the efficiency of the fertilizer obtained due to a decrease in the degree of conversion of humic acids contained in peat into soluble humates. The calculated amount of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers applied to peat after it has been treated with potash and aged for 8 days is determined as follows. Based on the absorptive capacity of peat for ammonia in Example 1, the consumption of potash per 1 tonne of turf of 50% moisture content is approximately 35 kg or e in terms of 138 - 23.8 kg. If it is necessary to obtain a product with the ratio N: P: K 1: 1: 1 per 1 ton of initial peat moisture, then 23.8 kg of nitrogen and the same amount of P will be required (without taking into account the nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the original peat). using ammonium nitrate, its consumption, excluding nitrogen contained in the original peat, is 0-5 QI Og is g 68 kg and super v lAim. P8 kg, where 18phosphate is the average percentage of absorbed Pg Oj- in the initial superphosphate. If it is necessary to change the ratio of basic nutrient elements, the consumption of added nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers will change accordingly. The dose of potash is calculated using the formulas of mile kg, where A is the absorption capacity of peat for ammonia (kg); B — molecular weight of potash; c is the mole weight of ammonia. The amount of absorption capacity, peat (in terms of absolute dry matter) for ammonia 1, the consumption of ammonia per 1 t of peat is 17.5 kg. The consumption of potash per 1 ton of peat in terms of absolutely dry matter, when peat has an absorption capacity for ammonia of 17-5 kg, is 17.5-138 - 70 kg. 2 47 Humidity of the original peat 50. 70.50 conservatively the consumption of potash -r-rr- 35 kg. Example 2. At room temperature, 1t of milled peat is treated with a 25% solution (70 l) of potash containing 20.8. kg KgC (5. The initial peat has an ammonia absorption capacity of 1.3 (calculated on the absolute dry matter) and contains humic acid 12.5 N 0.3; PgOj. 0, 0.22. After mixing the reactant components incubated for 7 days, and then 40 kg of ammonium nitrate and 70 kg of superphosphate are added.The organo-mineral fertilizer obtained has a pH of 7.2 and contains soluble humates of 8.8%; N 1.73, P, Oj 1.53%, 1 , 65. As a result of field experiments, it was found that the weight gain of the crop compared with existing fertilizers is: 7.7% of maize; 33,%; grapes 10, watermelon 15.1; tobacco 15.6. Formula of the invention The method of obtaining organo-mineral fertilizers, including chemical treatment of milled peat 50-60; moisture with the addition of mineral fertilizers; In order to reduce the loss of reagents used, pollution, environment and improve working conditions, the initial peat is added with a 20-30% potash solution before adding mineral fertilizers in an amount that is determined by the absorption capacity of the original peat ammonia and 6-8 days 5 Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate no., Cl. C.05 F 11/02, 1958. 8829786 2. Nikonov. M.N., Fatchikhina O.E. The composition of peat-mineral ammonia fertilizers. Sat Humic fertilizers, theories and practice of their application, s Kiev, 19b2, h. Acting 2k2 (prototype).